Jerrold Orne

{{Short description|American librarian}} '''Jerrold Orne''' (March 25, 1911 – July 13, 2008) was an American librarian, noted for his writing on library buildings, contributions to library standards, his support for cooperative collection practices, and for helping establish the library of the United Nations.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Du Mont |first=R. R. |date=1982 |title=Leaders in American Academic Librarianship, 1925-1975 |journal=Journal of Academic Librarianship |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=20-25}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

== Education and career in libraries == Born in St. Paul, Minnesota,<ref name=":0" /> Orne received a Bachelor of Arts degree in French, with a minor in Comparative Literature from the University of Minnesota in 1932.<ref name=":1">Orne, Jerrold, Box: O2, Folder: 6. Office of Public Affairs, Biographical Faculty Files, WUA-01-wua00306. University Archives. Washington University in St. Louis.</ref> He went on to receive an M.A. in French, with a minor in Italian, again from the University of Minnesota, and a Certificate in French language and literature from the Sorbonne, both in 1935.<ref name=":1" /> While he was completing his PhD in Romance Linguistics at the University of Chicago, Louis Round Wilson, Dean of the Graduate Library School in Chicago, urged Orne to pursue a degree in Library Science.<ref name=":0" /> Orne returned to Minnesota where he earned his B.S. in Library Science at the University of Minnesota in 1940.<ref name=":1" />

Orne's first library job was as a Library Assistant at the St. Paul Public Library from 1927–1936.<ref name=":1" /> From September 1940 to September 1941, Orne was a fellow at the Library of Congress.<ref name=":1" /> Following his fellowship Orne was the director of the library at Knox College until 1943.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Between 1943 and 1946, Orne served in the US Navy, performing a number of library related jobs which included helping establish the library of the United Nations.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> During his time serving in the Navy, Orne also worked in the Office of Research and Inventions where he worked as the head of Indexing in the Research and Development Division.<ref name=":1" /> Following his Navy service, Orne was hired to be the director of the libraries at Washington University in St. Louis in 1946.<ref name=":1" /> In April of 1950, while employed by Washington University, Orne was granted a 2 month leave of absence to help establish a library school in Havana, Cuba.<ref name=":1" /> In 1951 Orne left Washington University to be the director of the Air University Library at Maxwell Air Force Base in Alabama.<ref name=":1" /> In 1957, Orne made his final career move to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill where he was director of the libraries until 1972.<ref name=":3" /> He then served as a professor of Library Sciences at the UNC School of Information and Library Science until he retired fully in 1976.<ref name=":3" />

During his tenure as library director at UNC Chapel Hill, Orne became chairman of the USA Standards Committee Z39, which became the National Information Standards Organization (NISO).<ref name=":0" /> Orne served as chairman from 1963 to 1977.<ref name=":0" /> While chairman, he expanded the program and directed the work of more than 24 subcommittees.<ref name=":4" />

Orne was a proponent of embracing change, specifically technological change, and he encouraged his fellow librarians not to fear change. <ref name=":0" /> He also realized that standards were necessary and would enable librarians to work more seamlessly, both with one another as well as with publishers.<ref name=":0" /> Orne was also invested in the improvement of library facilities and wrote the Library Journal annual review of library buildings for over a decade.<ref name=":3" />

== Awards ==

* 1974 Joseph W. Lippincott Award<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> * 1972 ALA Medal of Excellence<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> * 1971 Award of Merit - Association for Information Science and Technology<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |date=2008 |title=Obituaries |journal=American Libraries |volume=39 |issue=8 |pages=65 |via=JSTOR}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |date=1976 |title=North Carolina Library Education News |journal=North Carolina Libraries |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=54-60}}</ref>

== Selected works == Orne authored or collaborated on 15 books,<ref name=":1" /> worked as an editor of several journals, and published over 100 articles.<ref name=":4" />

=== Books ===

*Ellsworth, Ralph E, Louis Kaplan, and Jerrold Orne. 1960. ''Buildings''. New Brunswick, N.J.: Graduate School of Library Service, Rutgers, the State University. *Orne, Jerrold. 1949. ''The Language of the Foreign Book Trade : Abbreviations, Terms and Phrases''. Chicago: American Library Assn. *Swift, Grace, and Jerrold Orne. 1947. ''Subject Headings for Technical Libraries''. Washington: Office of Technical Services, Dept. of Commerce.

=== Journals edited ===

* Editor, Southeastern Librarian, 1966-1972.<ref name=":4">Orne, Jerrold, and Herbert Poole. 1977. ''Academic Libraries by the Year 2000 : Essays Honoring Jerrold Orne''. New York: R.R. Bowker Co.</ref> * Issue Editor, Library Trends 15, no. 2 (October 1966).<ref name=":4" /> * Editorial Consultant, Library Journal, 1962-1964.<ref name=":4" /> * Associate Editor, American Documentation, 1953-1957.<ref name=":4" /> * Editor, Washington University Library Studies, 1949-1951<ref name=":4" /> * Editor, Missouri Library Association Quarterly, 1947-1951<ref name=":4" />

=== Articles ===

*Orne, Jerrold. 1976. “Academic Library Buildings: A Century in Review.” ''College & Research Libraries'' 37 (4): 316–31. *Orne, Jerrold. 1969. “The Place of the Library in the Evaluation of Graduate Work.” ''College & Research Libraries'' 30 (1): 25–31. *Orne, Jerrold. 1964. “Complex Problems.” ''Journal of Education for Librarianship'' 5 (2): 90–91. *Orne, Jerrold. 1963. “Resources of Foreign Scientific Literature: Acquisition on a National Scale.” ''American Documentation'' 14 (3): 229–33. *Orne, Jerrold. 1961. “Editorial Practice in Libraries . B. C. Brookes.” ''The Library Quarterly (Chicago)'' 31 (3): 284–85. *Orne, Jerrold. 1960. “Storage and Deposit Libraries.” ''College & Research Libraries'' 21 (6): 446–52. *Orne, Jerrold. 1957. “The Air University Library Building.” ''College & Research Libraries'' 18 (4): 275–80. *Orne, Jerrold. 1955. “An Experiment in Integrated Library Service.” ''College & Research Libraries'' 16 (4): 353–59. *Orne, Jerrold. 1952. “Maintenance and Reduction of a Collection.” ''American Documentation'' 3 (2): 101–5. *Orne, Jerrold. 1941. “The Library of Congress Prepares for Emergencies.” ''ALA Bulletin'' 35 (6): 341–48. *Orne, Jerrold. 1941. “The Sources of ‘I Promessi Sposi.’” ''Modern Philology'' 38 (4): 405–20.

== Personal life == Orne married Catherine L. Bowen in 1939.<ref name=":1" /> They had three children. Following his retirement, Orne spent half of each year in Prince Edward Island, Canada.<ref name=":1" />

== References == {{Reflist}}

Category:Wikipedia Student Program Category:20th-century American academics Category:20th-century American librarians Category:1911 births Category:2008 deaths Category:University of Minnesota alumni