{{Short description|Tributary of the Tagus river}} {{redirect|Jarama valley|the song|Jarama Valley (song)}} {{Other}} {{Infobox river | name = Jarama | name_native = | name_native_lang = | name_other = | name_etymology = <!---------------------- IMAGE & MAP --> | image = Jarama Titulcia.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = Jarama River in Titulcia | map = Jarama.png | map_size = | map_caption = Path of the Jarama | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_size = | pushpin_map_caption= <!---------------------- LOCATION --> | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Spain | subdivision_type2 = State | subdivision_name2 = Guadalajara, Madrid | subdivision_type3 = Region | subdivision_name3 = Iberian Peninsula | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | subdivision_type5 = | subdivision_name5 = <!---------------------- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS --> | length = {{convert|194|km|mi|abbr=on}} | width_min = | width_avg = | width_max = | depth_min = | depth_avg = | depth_max = | discharge1_location= | discharge1_min = | discharge1_avg = {{convert|31.7|m3/s|cuft/s|abbr=on}} | discharge1_max = <!---------------------- BASIN FEATURES --> | source1 = Peña Cebollera | source1_location = Sierra de Ayllón | source1_coordinates= {{coord|41|9|58|N|3|32|18|W|display=inline}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|2119|m|abbr=on}} | mouth = Tagus | mouth_location = near Aranjuez | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|40|1|51|N|3|38|59|W|display=inline,title}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|494|m|abbr=on}} | progression = {{RTagus}} | river_system = Tagus | basin_size = {{convert|5047|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = Henares, Tajuña | tributaries_right = Lozoya, Guadalix, Manzanares | custom_label = | custom_data = | extra =Tagus Basin }}
'''Jarama''' ({{IPA|es|xaˈɾama}}) is a river in central Spain. It flows north to south{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}} and passes east of Madrid<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Mathieson |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mwYfDgAAQBAJ&dq=%22Jarama%22+river&pg=PT112 |title=Frontline Madrid: Battlefield Tours of the Spanish Civil War |date=2017-02-09 |publisher=Andrews UK Limited |isbn=978-1-909930-51-3 |language=en}}</ref> where the El Atazar Dam is built on a tributary, the Lozoya River.{{Citation needed|date=November 2024}} It flows into the river Tagus in Aranjuez.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hseham |first=Amrahs |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gEXsEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Jarama%22+river&pg=PT33 |title=Our Majestic Rivers: Nature's Lifelines Part-2 |date=2024-01-05 |publisher=Mahesh Dutt Sharma |language=en}}</ref> The Manzanares is a tributary of the Jarama.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Cato |first=Marin A. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=21U9VMueYeUC&dq=Jarama+river&pg=PA176 |title=Environmental Research Trends |date=2007 |publisher=Nova Publishers |isbn=978-1-60021-556-8 |language=en}}</ref>
== The Jarama in history == {{Main|Battle of Jarama}} The Jarama was the scene of fierce fighting in 1937 during the Spanish Civil War. Nationalist forces crossed the river in an attempt to cut the main road from Madrid to the Republican capital at Valencia. Nationalist forces led by Spanish Legionnaires and Moroccan soldiers (Regulares) of the Army of Africa were confronted by forces from the Republic including the 15th International Brigade.<ref name=":0" /><!--The 15th Brigade contained both the British Battalion of Volunteers and American volunteers in the Abraham Lincoln Brigade. Despite heavy casualties (over 270 British out of 600) the Nationalists were stopped short of their objective. A period of trench warfare followed before the front stabilised. The battle cost both sides a combined total of up to 45,000 casualties.-->
The song Jarama Valley, with lyrics referencing the battle, became popular among the Republican battalions.
==In fiction== {{Unref-section|date=November 2024}} ''El Jarama'' is a 1955 novel by Rafael Sánchez Ferlosio about a group of working-class youngsters from Madrid meeting for a picnic by the river on a summer day. Its realistic dialog renovated Spanish novels, and it won the Premio Nadal (Nadal Prize) in 1955.
== See also == * List of rivers of Spain * There's a Valley in Spain called Jarama (Song)
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== * {{Commons category-inline|Jarama River}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Jarama Category:Rivers of the Community of Madrid Category:Rivers of Spain Category:Tributaries of the Tagus Category:Rivers of Castilla–La Mancha