{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2017}} {{Use Indian English|date=March 2017}} <!-- See [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Indian cities]] for details --> {{Infobox settlement | name = Jaora | other_name = Gulshanabag | nickname = | settlement_type = City | image_skyline = Jaora.jpg | image_alt = | pushpin_map = India Madhya Pradesh#India3 | pushpin_label_position = right | pushpin_map_alt = | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Madhya Pradesh, India | coordinates = {{coord|23.63|N|75.13|E|display=inline,title}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|India}} | subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]] | subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]] | subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]] | subdivision_name2 = [[Ratlam district|Ratlam]] | established_title = <!-- Established --> | established_date = | founder = | named_for = | government_type = Municipal Council | governing_body = Jaora Municipal Council | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_rank = | area_total_km2 = 30 | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 459 | population_total = 74907 | population_as_of = 2011 | population_rank = | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_footnotes = | demographics_type1 = Languages | demographics1_title1 = Official | demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]] | timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] | utc_offset1 = +5:30 | postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]] | postal_code = 457 226 | area_code_type = Telephone code | area_code = 07414 | registration_plate = MP-43 | website = [http://ratlam.nic.in/Census/tehsiljaora.html] | footnotes = }} '''Jaora''' is a city and a [[municipality]] in [[Ratlam district]] in the Indian state of [[Madhya Pradesh]]. Jaora is located in the [[Malwa]] region, between [[Ratlam]] and [[Mandsaur]]. It was the capital of the [[Jaora State|Jaora princely state]] of Jaora before [[Independence of India#Independence and partition of India|Independence]]. During the [[Mourning of Muharram]], thousands of people from all over the world visit the shrine of Hussain Tekri. [[Jainism|Jains]] visit Jaora as a place that the Jain ascetic [[Rajendrasuri]] practiced [[tapasya]].
==Demographics== As of the 2011 India census, Jaora tehsil had a population of 243070.<ref>[https://www.censusindia2011.com/madhya-pradesh/ratlam/jaora-population.html#:~:text=As%20per%20the%20Census%20India,is%2013.78%25%20of%20total%20population. Census India]</ref> Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Jaora has an average literacy rate of 62%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 70%, and female literacy is 54%. In Jaora, 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.
==Jaora princely state== {{Main|Jaora State}} The state was founded by 'Abdu'l Ghafur Muhammad Khan, a Muslim of [[Afghan people|Afghan]] descent. He was a cavalry officer serving the [[Pindari]] leader [[Amir Khan (Pindari)|Amir Khan]]. He later served the [[House of Holkar|Holkar]] Maharaja of [[Indore]], subduing [[Rajput]] territories in northern [[Malwa]] and annexing their lands. The expansion stopped after he was defeated by Raja Lakshman Singh of [[Sailana]], who made him swear not to trouble the local Rajputs after the victory. The Nawab later swore allegiance to the British to save his newly found state. The Nawabs of Jaora were very loyal to the British and were responsible for destroying many Rebels during the mutiny period.<ref>Indian States: A Biographical, Historical, and Administrative Survey By R. V. Solomon, J. W. Bond, page.402 & 403</ref> In return for the services, the state was confirmed by the [[British India|British]] government in 1818 by the [[Treaty of Mandsaur]].<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Jaora|volume=15|page=156}}</ref>
==Places of interest== [[File:Shree Lakshmikant Mandir.jpg|thumb|Shree Lakshmikant Mandir [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Shree+Lakshmi+Kant+Mandir,+12,+Brahmin+Gali,+Jaora,+Madhya+Pradesh+457226/@23.6400434,75.1303968,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x39641aecb81bc57d:0xfc5057d12433da97]]]
[[File:IMG-20210512-WA0001.jpg|thumb|Jagnath Mahadev Mandir]]
There are two city parks, Chota Baagh and Bada Baagh. The Hussain Tekri shrine on the edge of the town attracts thousands of visitors every year. Notable temples include 900+ year old Idol of Shree Lakshmikant Bhagwan in Shree Lakshmikant Mandir [https://www.google.com/maps/place/Shree+Lakshmi+Kant+Mandir,+12,+Brahmin+Gali,+Jaora,+Madhya+Pradesh+457226/@23.6400434,75.1303968,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x39641aecb81bc57d:0xfc5057d12433da97] (Brahmin Gali), Ambe mata Mandir, Jagnath Mahadev Mandir the 200-year-old Radhakrishna temple, Manchapuran Hanuman temple, Jagnath Mahadev, Bada Mandir (Jain Temple), and Jain Dadawadi (Shree Rajendrasurishwar ji maharasaheb), Rogyadevi mandir, Sujalpur mandir.
==Educational institutes== As of the [[2011 Census of India]], Jaora had 119 primary schools, 38 middle schools, 9 secondary schools and 11 senior secondary schools as well as 2 science colleges and 1 polytechnic college.<ref name=census2011TownAmenities>{{cite web |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_Town_Release_2300.xlsx |title=Madhya PRadesh Census 2011 - Town Amenities |access-date=17 February 2022}}</ref>
== Transport ==
[[Jaora railway station|Jaora]] has a railway station on the [[Indian Railways]] network between Ratlam - Ajmer section. From Jaora there are direct trains for Ajmer, Chittorgarh, Udaipur, Agra, Kota, Indore, Bhopal, Jodhpur, Jaipur, Ujjain, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Mumbai, Vadodara, Ahmedabad.
The [[Mhow]] - [[Neemuch]] state highway passes through Jaora. Jaora is 38 km from district HQ Ratlam. Buses provide access to the surrounding area.
==Nawabs of Jaora== * 1817-1825 Iftikhar ud-Daula, Nawab Abdul Ghafur'Khan Bahadur, Diler-Jung * 1825-1827 Musharraf Begum (f)+ Jahangir Khan -Regent (d. 1827) * 1827-1840 Borthwick -Regent * 1825-1865 Muhtasim ud-Daula, Nawab Ghaus Muhammad'Khan Bahadur, Shaukat-Jung * 1865-1872 Sahibzada Hazrat Nur Khan-Regent * 1865-1895 Ihtisham ud-Daula, Nawab Muhammad Ismail'Khan Bahadur, Firoz-Jung<ref> [https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=222222507831577&set=o.269934569689427&type=1&theater A note of appreciation by Ihtisham ud-Daula, Nawab Muhammad Ismail' Khan Bahadur, Firoz-Jung to Shri Kanhaiyalal Joshi 'Jyotish']</ref> * 1895-1906 Sahibzada Yar Muhammad Khan -Regent * 1895-1947 Fakhr ud-Daula, Nawab Iftikhar Ali'Khan Bahadur, Saulat-Jung * 1947-1972 Asif ud-Daula, Nawab Usman Ali'Khan Bahadur, Saulat-Jung. Unmarried
==Notable people== <!---♦♦♦ Only add a person to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦---> <!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order by LAST NAME ♦♦♦---> * [[Kailash Nath Katju]] - former CM of [[Madhya Pradesh]] * [[Laxminarayan Pandey]] - former Member of parliament [[Mandsour (Lok Sabha constituency)]]
== See also == * [[Ratlam]] * [[Malwa]]
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == * [http://www.wikimapia.org/#y=23641890&x=75129812&z=16&l=0&m=s&v=2 Jaora view from the sky] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928042433/http://chippa.com/jaora.html?sParentID=40&sMenuID=62 Brief History of Jaora] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928042427/http://chippa.com/newwebsite/contents.asp?sParentID=40&sMenuID=50&PageID= Jaora Pictures] * [https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/in-jaora.html Jaora Flag]
{{Ujjain Division}}
[[Category:Cities and towns in Ratlam district]] [[Category:Cities in Malwa]]