{{Short description|English botanist and scientific translator (1897–1982)}} {{Bots|deny=OAbot}} {{Good article}} {{Use British English|date=January 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2021}} {{Infobox scientist | name = Jane Ingham | birth_name = Rose Marie Tupper{{Nbh}}Carey | image = File:Ingham family picnic at Cambridge in 1966.png | image_upright = 1.3 | caption = Ingham (left) with Albert Ingham (right) in 1966 | alt = Picnic at Cambridge, England, in 1966. The following people are seated on a lawned area: Jane Ingham (left), and her husband, Albert Ingham (right). | birth_date = {{Birth date|1897|8|15|df=y}} | birth_place = Leeds, England | death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1982|9|10|1897|8|15}} | death_place = Cambridge, England | alma_mater = University of Leeds ({{Timeline-event|date={{Start date|1928}}|event=MSc}}) | spouse = {{Marriage|Albert Ingham|6 July 1932|6 September 1967|end=d.}} | children = 2 | relatives = Michael Sadleir (brother{{Hyphen}}in{{Hyphen}}law) | fields = {{Plainlist| * Apical meristems * Gravitropism * Plant genetics * Plant physiology * Secondary growth }} | workplaces = {{Plainlist| * Citadel Hill Laboratory, Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth * Botany Department, University of Leeds * Bureau of Plant and Crop Genetics, Cambridge }} | academic_advisors = Joseph Hubert Priestley | thesis_title = Geotropism or Gravity and Growth | thesis_year = 1928 | thesis_url = https://leeds.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/44LEE_INST/13rlbcs/alma991015218769705181 }} '''Rose Marie "Jane" Ingham''' ({{Nee|'''Tupper{{Nbh}}Carey'''}} {{IPAc-en|audio=En-uk-Tupper-Carey.oga|,|t|ˈ|ʌ|p|ə|_|ˈ|k|ɛər|i}}; 15 August 1897{{Spaced ndash}}10 September 1982) was an English botanist and scientific translator. She was appointed research assistant to Joseph Hubert Priestley in the Botany Department at the University of Leeds, and together, they were the first to separate cell walls from the root tip of broad beans. They analysed these cell walls and concluded that they contained protein. She carried out experiments on the cork layer of trees to study how cells function under a change of orientation and found profound differences in cell division and elongation in the epidermal layer of plants.
At Leeds, Ingham was appointed sub{{Hyphen}}warden of Weetwood Hall, and honorary secretary of the British{{Hyphen}}Italian League. In 1930, she joined the Imperial Bureau of Plant and Crop Genetics at the School of Agriculture in Cambridge, England, as a scientific officer and translator. The bureau was responsible for publishing a series of abstract journals on various aspects of crop breeding and genetics. In 1932, she married Albert Ingham, then a fellow and director of studies at King's College, Cambridge. Ingham spent the war years in Princeton, New Jersey, with her two sons, not wishing to return to England after travelling to the US just before the outbreak of World War II. In the last years of her life, she and her husband travelled extensively, and in 1982, she died at Cambridge. {{TOC limit|2}}
==Early life== Ingham was born on {{Birth date|1897|8|15|df=yes}}, at Cromer House, Cromer Terrace, Leeds,{{R|"The Times 18 August 1897"}} and baptised an Anglican in the Church of England at Donhead St Andrew, Wiltshire, on 14{{Nbsp}}September 1897.{{R|"Baptisms 1897"}}{{Efn|A number of sources call her by the name "Jane", including the title of her portrait by William Roberts,{{R|"English Cubist 2019"}} engagement announcement,{{R|"Leeds Mercury 2 June 1932"}} death notice in ''The Times'',{{R|"The Times 15 September 1982"}} and her husband's Royal Society memoir,{{R|"Burkill 1968"|p=272}} and in most instances, note she was born Rose Marie.}} She was the youngest daughter of Helen Mary Tupper{{Nbh}}Carey, {{Nee|Chapman}}, and Albert Darell.{{R|"Hesilrige 1903"}} They had married at Donhead St{{Nbsp}}Andrew on 16{{Nbsp}}May 1890.{{R|"Western Gazette 19 September 1890"}} Helen Mary was the daughter of Reverend Horace Edward Chapman, a former rector of Donhead St{{Nbsp}}Andrew,{{R|"Harding 2015"}} and Adelaide Maria, née{{Nbsp}}Fletcher.{{R|"Hesilrige 1903"}}{{Efn|Chapman was a son of banker David Barclay Chapman, who in 1875, purchased the advowson of St{{Nbsp}}Andrew Donhead, and presented Horace Edward as the rector.{{R|"Harding 2015"}}}}
thumb|alt=Sepia-tinted, daguerreotype photograph of the Reverend Tupper Carey|The Reverend Tupper Carey, Ingham's paternal grandfather Ingham's father was the son of the Reverend Tupper Carey and Helen Jane, née{{Nbsp}}Sandeman.{{R|"The Times 22 September 1943"|"Frecker 2021"}}{{Efn|name="Deed poll"|On 3{{Nbsp}}November 1887, Albert Darell Carey changed his surname by deed poll to Tupper{{Nbh}}Carey.{{R|"Phillimore Fry 1905"}}}} He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, and trained at Cuddesdon Theological College. He was curate of Leeds before being appointed rector of St Margaret's Church, Lowestoft.{{Efn|For a photograph of Albert Darell Tupper{{Nbh}}Carey taken at Lowestoft, see the photograph by Harry Jenkins at ''{{Citeref|Jenkins|1910|Lowestoft History|style=plain}}''.{{R|"Jenkins 1910"}}}} In 1910, he was appointed canon residentiary of York, and later, became vicar of Huddersfield. From 1938, he was Chaplain to the King and at Monte Carlo.{{R|"The Times 22 September 1943"}} Despite his given name being Albert Darell, he was known as "Tupper" to his friends and was described by John Gilbert Lockhart in Cosmo Gordon Lang's biography as follows:{{R|"Lockhart 1949"}}
{{Blockquote | text = He could get at once on the easiest terms with every sort of person, from the 'drunks' of Leeds and Lowestoft to the millionaires of Monte Carlo{{Nbsp}}... Mercurial, overflowing with high spirits, irrepressible, he was everybody's friend and had a smile and a word for every passer{{Hyphen}}by in the streets of his parish. }}
Ingham had four siblings.{{R|"Hesilrige 1903"}} Her eldest sister, Jacqueline Marjorie, married the Reverend Edgar James Mitchell, and after their marriage, they undertook missionary work in the Far East.{{R|"Yorkshire Post 23 April 1927"}}{{Efn|Mitchell was rector of Donhead St{{Nbsp}}Andrew from 1932 to 1952.{{R|"Ball Ball 2020"}}}} Ingham's elder sister, Edith, known as "Betty" to her friends and family,{{R|"Tatler 19 April 1944"}} married the author Michael Sadleir. Sadleir was the only son of Sir Michael Ernest Sadler, a former vice-chancellor of the University of Leeds.{{R|"Yorkshire Post 4 June 1914"}} Her elder brother, Humphrey Darell, was a tea planter in British East Africa before the outbreak of World War I. He was commissioned a lieutenant in the King's African Rifles, but was severely wounded in the right thigh during the East African campaign.{{R|"Newcastle Journal 4 October 1916"}} He married Marjorie Gertrude Drakes, née Bredin, the widow of Charles Henry Drakes.{{R|"Tatler 22 March 1922"}} In later life, he worked for the Colonial Service in Nigeria and was appointed a Companion of the Imperial Service Order in the Queen's 1959 Birthday Honours.{{R|"London Gazette 5 June 1959"}}{{Efn|name="Humphrey Darell"|For more information on Humphrey Darell, and a photograph of him taken in British East Africa, see ''{{Citeref|Ayre|Ayre|2021|Europeans In East Africa|style=plain}}''.{{R|"Ayre Ayre 2021"}}}} Her younger brother, Peter Charles Sandeman, was a captain in the Royal Navy. He married Anne Ethel Violet Montagu Dundas, the eldest daughter of Robert Neville Dundas and Cecil Mary, née Lancaster.{{R|"The Scotsman 8 July 1927"|"Dundas 2021"}} {{Clear}} {{Box|align=floatleft|width=100%|box type=block|border size=0px|left margin=0px|left padding=0px| {{Anchor|Tree}} {{Chart top|{{Nowrap|Tupper-Carey}} family tree}} {{Tree chart/start|align=right|border=0|style=font-size:85%;}} {{Tree chart|border=0.5|||||||||||PGF|~|~|y|~|~|PGM|||||||||MGF|~|~|y|~|~|MGM |PGF={{Nowrap|Rev. Tupper}} Carey |PGM=Helen Jane Sandeman |MGF={{Nowrap|Rev. Horace}} Edward Chapman |MGM=Adelaide Maria Fletcher |boxstyle_PGF = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_PGM = background-color: Pink; color: Black |boxstyle_MGF = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_MGM = background-color: Pink; color: Black }} {{Tree chart||||||||||||||||!|||||||||||||||||||!}} {{Tree chart|border=0.5|||||||||||||||FATH|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|y|~|~|~|~|~|~|~|MOTH |FATH={{Nowrap|Canon Albert Darell}} {{Nowrap|Tupper-Carey}}<br/>{{Nowrap|({{ne|Carey}})}}{{Efn|name="Deed poll"}} |MOTH={{Nowrap|Helen Mary}} Chapman |boxstyle_FATH = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_MOTH = background-color: Pink; color: Black }} {{Tree chart||,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|^|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.}} {{Tree chart|border=0.5 |SIS1|~|~|HUSB1 |||| |SIS2|~|HUSB2 || |BRO1|~|~|WIFE1 || |TC|y|HUSB | |BRO2|~|WIFE2 |SIS1=Jacqueline Marjorie {{Nowrap|Tupper-Carey}} |HUSB1=Rev. {{Nowrap|Edgar James}} Mitchell |SIS2=Edith "Betty" {{Nowrap|Tupper-Carey}} |HUSB2=Michael Sadleir |BRO1=Humphrey Darell {{Nowrap|Tupper-Carey}}{{Efn|name="Humphrey Darell"}} |WIFE1=Marjorie Gertrude Drakes {{Nowrap|(née Bredin)}} |TC='''{{Nowrap|Rose Marie}} "Jane" {{Nowrap|Tupper-Carey}}''' |HUSB=Albert Edward Ingham |BRO2=Peter Charles Sandeman {{Nowrap|Tupper-Carey}} |WIFE2=Anne Ethel Violet Montagu{{Nbsp}}Dundas |boxstyle_SIS1 = background-color: Pink; color: Black |boxstyle_HUSB1 = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_SIS2 = background-color: Pink; color: Black |boxstyle_HUSB2 = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_BRO1 = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_WIFE1 = background-color: Pink; color: Black |boxstyle_TC = background-color: Pink; color: Black |boxstyle_HUSB = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_BRO2 = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_WIFE2 = background-color: Pink; color: Black }} {{Tree chart||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||,|-|-|^|-|-|.}} {{Tree chart|border=0.5|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||SON1||||SON2 |SON1={{Nowrap|Michael Frank}} Ingham |SON2={{Nowrap|Stephen Darell}} Ingham |boxstyle_SON1 = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black |boxstyle_SON2 = background-color: LightBlue; color: Black }} {{Tree chart/end}} {{Chart bottom}} }}
==Education== [[File:Botany House south side.jpg|thumb|alt=Colour photograph of Botany House consisting of a terrace of three houses. The houses are constructed of red brick with stone details and a slate roof. The whole house has three storeys and nine first-floor windows, with doorways below windows three and nine.|Botany House (south side) at the University of Leeds. Built in 1825, it is a Grade II listed building.]] Ingham was educated at Claire House School,{{R|"Lowestoft Journal 5 December 1908"}} an all girl school in North Parade, Lowestoft, which specialised in the teaching of French.{{R|"Eastern Daily Press 7 January 1910"}}{{Efn|At the school, Ingham was commonly known as "Marie".{{R|"Lowestoft Journal 5 December 1908"}}}} At the age of ten, she gained a prize in preliminary French examinations that were organised by the National Society of French Professors in England. She competed against candidates from the "best girls' schools in England",{{R|"Lowestoft Journal 25 July 1908"}} the written tests consisting of translation and composition (prose and poetry), essay, and questions on 17th to 19th{{Nbsp}}century French literature.{{R|"Boston Guardian 7 March 1908"}} In the same year, she performed as ''Philaminte'' in the school's production of three scenes from Molière's ''Les Femmes Savantes''.{{R|"Lowestoft Journal 5 December 1908"}}{{Efn|Ingham's father was in the audience to see her performance, and after the play had finished, he addressed the audience in French.{{R|"Lowestoft Journal 5 December 1908"}} Her mother was also fluent in French.{{R|"The Times 20 July 1938"}}}}
Ingham showed an early interest in botany. In her youth, she would collect wildflowers to display at local parish shows.{{R|"Lowestoft Journal 4 July 1908"}} Her grandmother, Helen Jane Carey, was a keen amateur botanist and specimen collector,{{R|"Leeds Mercury 13 August 1883"}} a popular and fashionable pastime in Victorian England.{{R|"Shteir 1997"|p=29}} In 1916, Ingham entered the University of Leeds to study botany and,{{R|"Leeds Mercury 2 June 1932"}} within three years, was a research student in the botany department at Leeds, studying water absorption at the growing point of plant roots.{{R|"University of Leeds 1920"}} In 1919, Ingham studied general zoology at the Citadel Hill Laboratory of the Marine Biological Association, Plymouth.{{R|"Marine Biological Association 1920"}} Annie Redman King, her friend from Weetwood Hall in Leeds,{{R|"Leeds Mercury 3 August 1932"}} was a Ray Lankester investigator at the laboratory.{{R|"Marine Biological Association 1920"}}{{Efn|Redman King was warden at the hall when Ingham was a post{{Hyphen}}graduate research student.{{R|"King 1932"}}}}
==Career== {{Hatnote|See {{Section link||Legacy|Publications}} for details of Ingham's academic papers}} [[File:Department of Plant Science, Cambridge University - geograph.org.uk - 1333495.jpg|thumb|alt=View of the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, with a tree in full leaf obscuring the right side of the building, with lawns to the front of the building|The Imperial Bureau of Plant and Crop Genetics, Plant Breeding Institute, in the School of Agriculture, Downing Street, Cambridge. It now houses the Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge.]] In January 1922, Ingham was appointed a research assistant in the botany department,{{R|University of Leeds 1922b}} where Joseph Hubert Priestley was Dean of the Faculty of Science.{{R|"University of Leeds 1922a"}} She and Priestley were the first to isolate cell walls from meristematic tissues in ''Vicia faba'' (broad beans). They analysed the walls for protein, cellulose, and pectin, and concluded that the walls contained protein.{{R|"Lamport 1965"}} They also studied when cellulose is first produced by plants,{{R|"University of Leeds 1922b"}} the differences in shoot and root development,{{Sfn|Tupper-Carey |Priestley|1923|p=129}} and the role of the cork cambium.{{R|"Nature 1930"}} These plant physiology studies were followed by two ''New Phytologist'' papers.{{Sfnm|1a1=Priestley|1a2=Tupper-Carey|1y=1922|2a1=Tupper-Carey|2a2=Priestley|2y=1924}} She later provided unpublished results from these experiments on broad bean embryos to the British botanist William Pearsall.{{Sfn|Pearsall|Ewing|1927|p=252}} Described as a "brilliant scholar",{{R|"Leeds Mercury 2 June 1932"}} she was awarded a MSc degree on 28{{Nbsp}}June 1928, for her research work and thesis titled ''{{Citeref|Tupper-Carey|1928a|Geotropism or Gravity and Growth|style=plain}}''.{{R|"The Times 29 June 1928"}}
In February 1930, Ingham joined the Imperial Bureau of Plant and Crop Genetics, at the Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge,{{R|"Hudson 1931"|p=140}} as a translator and scientific officer.{{R|"International Address Book of Botanists 1931"}} Sir Rowland Biffen was the first director of the Cambridge bureau, and her supervisor, Penrhyn Stanley Hudson,{{R|"London Gazette 4 June 1957"}} was deputy director.{{R|"Hudson 1931"|p=140}}{{Efn|Hudson ("Pen") was a remarkable linguist, who spoke most European languages fluently, including Russian and Ukrainian. His idea of a summer holiday was "to go to some distant place on a foreign freighter, practising the language, whatever it might be, with the crew."{{R|"Ellerton 2020"}}}} She was fluent in French, Italian, German and Swedish,{{R|"Leeds Mercury 2 June 1932"}} and as a whole, the bureau had been capable of dealing with Spanish, Dutch, and Russian.{{R|"Hudson 1931"|p=139}} Abstracts were written on various aspects of plant breeding and genetics, with some of the foreign language papers requiring more complete translations. These abstracts were published in a quarterly journal called ''Plant Breeding Abstracts''.{{R|"Willis 1931"}} In 1931, she attended the eighth conference of the Association of Special Libraries and Information Bureaux (ASLIB) at Oxford,{{R|"ASLIB 1931"}} where progress on ASLIB's newly{{Hyphen}}formed panel of expert translators was discussed.{{R|"Yorkshire Post 26 September 1931"}} After her marriage, she worked from home translating most of the German documents,{{R|"Ellerton 2020"}} and in 1939, was put in charge of the bureau after Hudson fell ill.{{R|"Imperial Agricultural Bureaux Executive Council 1940"}}
==Personal life== {{Anchor|Portrait by William Roberts}}Around 1922, Ingham sat for a portrait by William Roberts, the "English Cubist" artist. The finished painting was titled "Portrait of Miss Jane Tupper{{Nbh}}Carey" and was shown for the first time in November 1923 at New Chenil Galleries, Chelsea.{{R|"English Cubist 2019"}} By 1926, she had been appointed sub{{Hyphen}}warden at Weetwood Hall, the then university hall of residence for women students.{{R|"University of Leeds 1926"}} In the same year, she was appointed the first honorary secretary of the Leeds branch of the British{{Hyphen}}Italian League. The League's aims were to found a chair in Italian at the University of Leeds and foster relations between the two countries.{{R|"Leeds Mercury 20 November 1926"}} [[File:WeetwoodManor01.jpg|thumb|alt=Colour image of Weetwood Hall, now a hotel, showing the front entrance|Weetwood Hall, the former University of Leeds hall of residence where Ingham was sub-warden]]
In the late 1920s, Ingham joined the Leeds University Amateurs, the university's amateur dramatics society, acting in several well{{Hyphen}}received roles, such as ''Sybil Bumont'' in ''The Watched Pot''.{{R|"The Stage 5 December 1929"}} In December 1928, she took part in a fashion show of dresses through the ages at the Albion Hall, Leeds, in aid of St{{Nbsp}}Faith's Homes. She wore a high-waisted, skin{{Hyphen}}tight coat of red cloth edged with fur, a long blue skirt trimmed with six rows of black velvet, and a feather toque. Her appearance was greeted with "shrieks of laughter" from the audience.{{R|"Leeds Mercury 7 December 1928"}}
{{Quote box | quote = They were ideally complementary, Jane as quick in thought and action as 'A. E.' was deliberate. | author = John Charles Burkill | source = ''{{Citeref|Burkill|1981|Dictionary of National Biography|style=plain}}'' (1981) | width = 20% | bgcolor = AliceBlue | qalign = left | align = left }} She married Albert Ingham on 6{{Nbsp}}July 1932 at St Edward's Church, Cambridge, in a private ceremony attended only by her parents, sister Edith, brother{{Hyphen}}in{{Hyphen}}law Michael Sadleir, who gave her away, and Redman King.{{R|"Leeds Mercury 3 August 1932"}} They had met after he had been appointed reader in mathematical analysis at the University of Leeds in 1926.{{R|"Burkill 1981"}}{{Efn|Albert, whose hobby was mountaineering, flew from a holiday in Central Europe for the interview in Leeds.{{R|"Leeds Mercury 2 June 1932"}}}} Their engagement announcement in May 1932 had come as surprise to their circle of friends in Leeds, as there had been no indication that they were romantically involved. However, they had been quietly engaged with plans to announce it after lectures ended.{{R|"Leeds Mercury 2 June 1932"|"The Times 30 May 1932"}}
In July 1939, Albert was awarded a Leverhulme Research Fellowship to study analytic number theory at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton, New Jersey.{{R|"The Scotsman 13 July 1939"|"Institute for Advanced Study 1940"}} At that point, they had two sons, Michael Frank and Stephen Darell,{{Efn|In 1961, Michael was elected a Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, and later joined the staff of the University Observatory at Oxford.{{R|"Burkill 1968"|p=273}}}} and the entire family sailed from Liverpool to New York on 1{{Nbsp}}September 1939.{{R|"Vandyck Passenger List 1939"}} However, just two days into their voyage, Britain declared war on Germany.{{R|"History of the BBC 2021"}} They were hesitant to bring their family back due to reports from Europe containing speculation of imminent total war.{{R|"Pars 1930"}} Consequently, they made the decision to keep the family in Princeton, except for Albert, who had returned to England by 1942.{{R|"Pars 1942"}} Alan Pars, godfather to their son Michael,{{R|"Pars 1973"}} later recommended Albert for an Admiralty post in America knowing that Ingham and the children were still there.{{R|"Pars 1942"}}
==Later life and death== thumb|alt=Colour photograph of two punts going under a wooden bridge on the River Cam. On the right of the image there are buildings with foundations built directly into the river, and on the left, a grass riverbank.|Punting on the River Cam in Cambridge. The Inghams owned a punt, called ''Pete'', moored in the River Cam, and it was used regularly during the summer for trips and picnics.{{R|"Ingham 2005"|p=127}} They also went on many trips abroad, including India,{{R|"Ingham 2005"|pp=15, 128}} and walking holidays in the French Alps.{{R|"Burkill 1981"|p=563}} It was on such a holiday that Albert died of a heart attack on a high path near Haute-Savoie, south{{Hyphen}}eastern France.{{R|"Burkill 2004"}} After his death, she resisted offers for her husband's mathematical notes and papers, instead keeping the papers in a cupboard at the house.{{R|"Ingham 2005"|p=46}} {{Blockquote | text = [She] was very wiry and fit{{Nbsp}}... [I have] an abiding memory of how fast and vigorously my grandmother would walk. She was always frustrated with my brother and I as we 'dawdled' fifty yards behind her. We just could not keep up with her furious pace. | title = Dr{{Nbsp}}Mark Ingham describing Jane Ingham | source = in ''{{Citeref|Ingham|2005|Afterimages: Photographs as an External Autobiographical Memory System|style=plain}}'' (2005), p. 46 }} Jane Ingham died at Cambridge on 10{{Nbsp}}September 1982,{{R|"The Times 15 September 1982"}} and was cremated at the Cambridge City Crematorium, Huntingdon Road, Dry Drayton, on 20{{Nbsp}}September 1982.{{R|"Cremation 20 September 1982"}} Alan Pars, her friend and her husband's former colleague at Cambridge,{{R|"Pars 1980"}} sent a wreath.{{R|"Pars 1982"}}
==Legacy== ===Discovery of protein in plant cell walls=== Ingham and Priestley were the first to isolate cell walls from the middle lamella of the radicle and plumule meristems of ''Vicia faba''.{{R|"McPherson 1939"|p2=191}} They analysed the cell walls for protein, cellulose, and pectin. They noted that the cellulose walls of the radicle failed to react with iodine and sulphuric acid, or with {{Linktext|chloriodide}} of zinc.{{Efn|Cells that have cellulose in their walls are stained blue by chloriodide of zinc, or a solution of iodine followed by sulphuric acid.{{R|"Sifton 1940"|p=77}}}} They showed that the cellulose in the wall of the radicle is masked by other substances,{{R|"Office of Experiment Stations 1924"}} particularly proteins and fatty acids.{{R|"Nature 1923"}} In the plumule, cellulose is associated with greater quantities of pectin, but less protein and fatty acid, particularly when the adult parenchyma is grown in light.{{R|"Nature 1923"}} [[File:Plant cell wall diagram-en.svg|thumb|alt=Graphic showing the different layers of the cell wall|Cell wall and middle lamella (top)]]
They concluded that the meristematic cells had walls containing a protein{{Nbh}}pectin complex,{{R|"McPherson 1939"|p=191}} that is, these walls "...{{Nbsp}}commencing as interfaces in a protein{{Hyphen}}containing medium may be regarded as composed at first mainly of protein."{{Sfn|Tupper-Carey|Priestley|1923|p=110}} Florence Mary Wood, a British postdoctoral researcher in biochemistry at Birkbeck College,{{R|"Rayner-Canham 2008"}} questioned their results and concluded that less than 0.001% of protein was found in the cell walls of the plants examined.{{R|"Wood 1926"|pp=547, 569}} Later researchers found protein in the cells but were unable to rule out the possibility of cytoplasmic contamination.{{R|"Lamport 1965"}} It is now known that the middle lamella consists of a pectic polysaccharide-rich material. However, the material properties and molecular organisation of the middle lamella are still not fully understood.{{R|"Zamil Geitmann 2017"}} [[File:Méristème couches larger.png|thumb|alt=The image resembles a "bump" of cells with three separate layers. For display purposes, the epidermal cells are shown in orange, the sub-epidermal layer in light green, and the corpus in cyan.|Tunica{{Nbh}}Corpus model of the apical meristem (growing tip). The epidermal (L1) and sub{{Hyphen}}epidermal (L2) layers form the outer layers called the tunica. The inner L3 layer is called the corpus.]]
===Differences in cell division and elongation in the epidermal layer of plants=== Ingham found that in the arch of the hypocotyl from sunflower seeds, ''Helianthus annuus'', there are considerably more cells on the outside than on the inside. Counting from the beginning to the end of the arch, the result was "3,299 cells on the upper side as against 1,531 on the lower." This result means that the convex side of the arch leads the concave side, not only in terms of cell extension, but also in cell division behaviour, such that a different division rate would cause the growth difference. Consequently, the concave and convex sides show profound physiological differences.{{R|"Halbsguth 1965"}} The observation that in the hypocotyl the cells on the convex side are considerably larger than those on the inside could be explained by the uneven transverse transport of the growth hormone auxin. Auxin has a strengthening effect on the elongation growth of the cells. In the case of nutation phenomena, it is possible that curvature only occurs in a narrowly limited section of the shoot.{{R|"Kunze 1977"|p=2}}
Harald Kaldewey, professor of botany at Saarland University in Saarbrücken, Germany,{{R|"Edelbluth Kaldewey 1976"}} measured the differences in the length of the sub{{Hyphen}}epidermal cells on the outer and inner periphery of the arch in the nutation curvature of the pedicels of snake's head fritillary, ''Fritillaria meleagris''.{{R|"Kaldewey 1957"}} The result was expected if the curvature is based exclusively on differences in elongation growth. A difference in width between the sub-epidermal cells of the outer and inner periphery of the arch of curvature was not found. Sir Edward James Salisbury, the English botanist and ecologist,{{R|"Clapham 1980"}} found good agreement between the ratio of the epidermal cell lengths and the arch lengths of the nutation curvature of the epicotyl in seedlings of different woody plants. The findings of Ingham, Salisbury, and Kaldewey, do not necessarily contradict each other as the epidermis and sub-epidermal layer may well behave differently than cortical layers in terms of division and extension growth.{{R|"Halbsguth 1965"}}
===Importance of cell orientation in cork=== thumb|alt=Picture of a tree where a ring of bark has been removed|A tree that has been ring{{Hyphen}}barked In Ingham's last study in the botany department at the University of Leeds, she ring{{Hyphen}}barked ''Laburnum'' and sycamore (''Acer pseudoplatanus'') trees,{{R|"Sinnott 1960"}} but left zigzag bridges of tissue with horizontal portions linking the bark above and below the cut.{{R|"Nature 1930"}} At first, the lack of pressure within these bridges resulted in the formation of callus{{Hyphen}}like tissue, and the cambial initials, by repeated division, came to resemble ray cells. At a later stage, some of this mass of {{Linktext|isodiametric}} (roughly spherical) cells became elongated horizontally in the direction of the bridge tissue.{{R|"Philipson 1971"}} Xylem and phloem formed in the horizontal portion of the bridge with its tracheary elements extended in a horizontal direction.{{R|"Nature 1930"}} It has been postulated that calluses are formed because the cambium cells cannot function correctly under a change of orientation. For example, the altered direction of sap flow might affect the direction of cambial cell growth. Pressure, nutrient movements, and cambial {{Linktext|basipetal}} auxin transport have also been suggested as causes.{{R|"Sinnott 1960"}} {{Clear}}
==Publications== {{Refbegin|30em}}
===As author=== * {{Cite journal|last1=Priestley |first1=Joseph Hubert |author1-link=Joseph Hubert Priestley |last2=Tupper-Carey |first2=Rose Marie |date=7 November 1922 |title=Physiological Studies in Plant Anatomy IV. The Water Relations of the Plant Growing Point |journal=New Phytologist |publisher=Wheldon & Wesley |volume=21 |number=4 |pages=210{{Ndash}}229 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.1922.tb07598.x |doi-access=free |issn=0028-646X |jstor=2428025 |url=https://archive.org/details/newphytologist2119tans/page/210 |access-date=26 December 2020}} * {{Cite journal|last1=Tupper-Carey |first1=Rose Marie |last2=Priestley |first2=Joseph Hubert |author2-link=Joseph Hubert Priestley |date=2 July 1923 |title=The composition of the cell{{Hyphen}} wall at the apical meristem of stem and root |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society |publisher=Royal Society |volume=95 |issn=0950-1193 |issue=665 |series=Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character |pages=109{{Ndash}}131 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1098/rspb.1923.0026 |doi-access=free |jstor=80874 |bibcode=1923RSPSB..95..109T |quote=Communicated by Frederick Blackman. Received 25 April 1923.}} Refereed by William Lawrence Balls in May 1923.{{R|"Balls 1923"}} * {{Cite journal|last1=Tupper-Carey |first1=Rose Marie |last2=Priestley |first2=Joseph Hubert |author2-link=Joseph Hubert Priestley |date=23 July 1924 |title=The Cell Wall in the Radicle of ''Vicia faba'' and the Shape of the Meristematic Cells |journal=New Phytologist |publisher=Wheldon & Wesley |volume=23 |number=3 |pages=156{{Ndash}}159 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.1924.tb06630.x |doi-access=free |issn=0028-646X |jstor=2427781 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271828/page/n167 |access-date=26 December 2020}} * {{Cite thesis|last1=Tupper-Carey |first1=Rose Marie |year=1928 |title=Geotropism or Gravity and Growth |type=MSc |publisher=University of Leeds |pages=1{{Ndash}}86 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=1184171098 |id=30106005063069 |url=https://leeds.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/44LEE_INST/13rlbcs/alma991015218769705181 |access-date=26 December 2020 |ref={{SfnRef|Tupper-Carey|1928a}} |quote=Ingham's MSc thesis.}} * {{Cite journal|last1=Tupper-Carey |first1=Rose Marie |year=1928 |title=The Development of the Hypocotyl of ''Helianthus annuus'' considered in connection with its Geotropic Curvatures |journal=Proceedings of the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |publisher=Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |series=Science Section Part 2. 1925 to 1929 Parts 5 to 10 |volume=1 |pages=361{{Ndash}}368 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=848524378 |issn=0024-0281 |quote=Communicated by Joseph Hubert Priestley. Received 4 December 1928. |ref=none}} * {{Cite journal|last1=Tupper-Carey |first1=Rose Marie |year=1930 |title=Observations on the anatomical changes in tissue bridges across rings through the phloem of trees |journal=Proceedings of the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |publisher=Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |series=Science Section Part 2. December 1929 to May 1934 |volume=2 |pages=86{{Ndash}}94 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=848524378 |issn=0024-0281 |quote=Communicated by Joseph Hubert Priestley. Received 26 February 1930. |ref=none}}
===As experimental collaborator=== * {{Cite journal|last1=Pearsall |first1=William Harold |author1-link=William Pearsall |last2=Ewing |first2=James |date=1 March 1927 |title=The Absorption of Water by Plant Tissue in Relation to External Hydrogen-Ion Concentration |journal=The Journal of Experimental Biology |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=245{{Ndash}}257 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1242/jeb.4.3.245 |doi-access=free |issn=0022-0949 |url=https://jeb.biologists.org/content/jexbio/4/3/245.full.pdf |access-date=21 September 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709033358/https://jeb.biologists.org/content/jexbio/4/3/245.full.pdf |archive-date=9 July 2020 |quote=Ingham provided unpublished work on the swelling in buffer solutions of the air{{Hyphen}}dry, but living, embryos of broad bean seeds.}} * {{Cite journal|last1=Priestley |first1=Joseph Hubert |author1-link=Joseph Hubert Priestley |date=31 July 1926 |title=Light and Growth II. On the Anatomy of Etiolated Plants |journal=New Phytologist |publisher=Wheldon & Wesley |volume=25 |number=3 |pages=145{{Ndash}}170 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.1926.tb06688.x |doi-access=free |issn=0028-646X |jstor=2427687 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271814/page/n157 |access-date=3 January 2021 |ref=none}} * {{Cite book|last1=Priestley |first1=Joseph Hubert |author1-link=Joseph Hubert Priestley |last2=Swingle |first2=Charles Fletcher |date=December 1929 |title=Vegetative Propagation from the Standpoint of Plant Anatomy |publisher=United States Department of Agriculture |series=Technical Bulletin 151 |pages=1{{Ndash}}98 |location=Washington |language=en |oclc=784311303 |hdl=2027/uiug.30112019336897 |hdl-access=free |ref=none}} * {{Cite journal|last1=Rhodes |first1=Edgar |last2=Woodman |first2=Rowland Marcus |year=1925 |title=The Fatty Substances of the Plant Growing Point |journal=Proceedings of the Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |publisher=Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |series=1925 to 1929 |volume=1 |pages=27{{Ndash}}36 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=848524378 |issn=0024-0281 |quote=Communicated by Professor Joseph Hubert Priestley. Received 21 October 1925. |ref=none}} {{Refend}}
==See also== {{Cols}} {{Bulleted list | Albert Ingham | Lyn Irvine | Irene Manton | Meristem | Michael Sadleir | Plant development | Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge | University of Leeds }} {{Colend}}
==Footnotes== {{Notelist}}
==References== {{Reflist|refs= <!--Books--> <!--Organised by author name and date--> {{Refn|name="Burkill 1981"| {{Cite book|last1=Burkill |first1=John Charles |author1-link=John Charles Burkill |editor1-last=Williams |editor1-first=Edgar Trevor |editor1-link=Edgar Williams |editor2-last=Nicholls |editor2-first=Christine Stephanie |editor2-link=Christine Nicholls |year=1981 |title=Dictionary of National Biography 1961 to 1970 |chapter=Ingham, Albert Edward |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=8 |pages=562{{Ndash}}563 |location=Oxford |language=en |oclc=1038051360 |isbn=978-0198652076 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofnati19611970lees/page/563 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Cremation 20 September 1982"| {{Cite report|author=Cambridge City Crematorium |date=20 September 1982 |title=Cremation Register |publisher=Cambridge City Council |series=Cremations 1 to 104,953, dated 21 December 1938 to 28 June 1996 |at=Register Entry 635576 |type=Book |location=Girton |language=en |via=Deceased Online |url=https://www.deceasedonline.com/servlet/GSDOSearch?DetsView=Summary&src=ext&fileid=635576 |url-access=subscription |access-date=3 January 2022}}}}
{{Refn|name="Ellerton 2020"| {{Cite report|last1=Ellerton |first1=Sydney |year=2020 |title=Sugar Beet and World Travel. A Short Autobiography of Dr Sydney Ellerton 1914 to 2011 |chapter=Chapter 9: Clouds Loom Over England |publisher=Shôn Ellerton |page=70 |location=Kew |language=en |type=Booklet |chapter-url=http://shonellerton.com/wp-content/uploads/articles/writings/sydney-ellerton/Sugar-Beet-and-World-Travel-Dr-Sydney-Ellerton.pdf#page=72 |access-date=26 December 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806052646/http://shonellerton.com/wp-content/uploads/articles/writings/sydney-ellerton/Sugar-Beet-and-World-Travel-Dr-Sydney-Ellerton.pdf |archive-date=6 August 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Halbsguth 1965"| {{Cite book|last1=Halbsguth |first1=Wilhelm |editor1-last=Ruhland |editor1-first=Wilhelm |year=2020 |orig-date=First published 1965 |title=Handbuch der Pflanzenphysiologie. Differenzierung und Entwicklung |trans-title=Encyclopedia of Plant Physiology. Differentiation and Development |chapter=3. Induktion von Dorsiventralität bei Pflanzen. 5. Krümmungen. e) Vergleich von Krümmungen und Dorsiventralität |trans-chapter=3. Induction of Dorsiventrality in Plants. 5. Curvatures. e) Comparison of Curvatures and Dorsiventrality |publisher=Springer-Verlag |volume=15/1 |series=Part III. Growth, Development, Movement |page=370 |location=Heidelberg |language=de |doi=10.1007/978-3-662-36273-0_11 |oclc=913814739 |isbn=978-3-662-36273-0 |chapter-url={{Google books|0y30BgAAQBAJ|page=PA370|plainurl=y}} |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Harding 2015"| {{Cite book|last1=Harding |first1=Timothy David |author1-link=Tim Harding (chess player) |year=2015 |title=Joseph Henry Blackburne: A Chess Biography |publisher=McFarland & Company |page=330 |location=Jefferson |language=en |oclc=900306725 |isbn=978-0-7864-7473-8 |url={{Google books|EAxeCgAAQBAJ|page=PA330|plainurl=y}} |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Hesilrige 1903"| {{Cite book|editor1-last=Hesilrige |editor1-first=Arthur George Maynard |year=1903 |title=Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage |section=The Baronetage. Fletcher |publisher=Dean & Son |edition=190 |page=232 |location=London |language=en |oclc=613690386 |section-url=https://archive.org/details/b24883797/page/232 |access-date=10 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="International Address Book of Botanists 1931"| {{Cite book|editor1-last=Diels |editor1-first=Ludwig |editor1-link=Ludwig Diels |editor2-last=Merrill |editor2-first=Elmer Drew |editor2-link=Elmer Drew Merrill |editor3-last=Chipp |editor3-first=Thomas Ford |editor3-link=Thomas Ford Chipp |editor4-last=Verbrugge |editor4-first=Marcelle |others=Bentham Trustees |display-editors=3 |year=1931 |title=International Address Book of Botanists |publisher=Baillière, Tindall & Cox |page=204 |location=London |language=en |oclc=877383380 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271228/page/n229 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Lamport 1965"| {{Cite book|last1=Lamport |first1=Derek Thomas Anthony |editor1-last=Preston |editor1-first=Reginald Dawson |year=1965 |title=Advances in Botanical Research |chapter=The Protein Component of Primary Cell Walls. I. Introduction. B. Historical Perspective 1888 to 1959 |publisher=Academic Press |volume=2 |page=152 |location=London |language=en |oclc=879904706 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/advancesinbotani0002unse/page/152 |access-date=4 June 2021 |chapter-url-access=registration}}}}
{{Refn|name="Lockhart 1949"| {{Cite book|last1=Lockhart |first1=John Gilbert |year=1949 |title=Cosmo Gordon Lang |chapter=6. Oxford |publisher=Hodder & Stoughton |page=35 |location=London |language=en |oclc=1244583479 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/cosmogordonlang0000lock/page/35 |chapter-url-access=registration |access-date=4 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Philipson 1971"| {{Cite book|last1=Philipson |first1=William Raymond |last2=Ward |first2=Josephine Margaret |last3=Butterfield |first3=Brian Geoffrey |year=1971 |title=The Vascular Cambium: Its development and activity |chapter=10. Experimental Control of Cambial Development |publisher=Chapman & Hall |page=156 |location=London |language=en |oclc=144649 |isbn=978-0-412-10400-8 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/vascularcambiumi0000phil/page/156 |chapter-url-access=registration |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Phillimore Fry 1905"| {{Cite book|last1=Phillimore |first1=William Phillimore Watts |author1-link=William Phillimore Watts Phillimore |last2=Fry |first2=Edward Alex |year=1905 |title=An index to Changes of name: Under authority of act of Parliament or Royal license, and including irregular changes from I George III to 64 Victoria, 1760 to 1901 |publisher=Phillimore & Co |page=322 |location=London |language=en |oclc=60736898 |url=https://archive.org/details/indextochangesof00philrich/page/322 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Rayner-Canham 2008"| {{Cite book|last1=Rayner-Canham |first1=Marelene F. |last2=Rayner-Canham |first2=Geoffrey William |year=2008 |chapter=2. The Professional Societies. The Chemical Society. The Lesser-Known Initial Members |title=Chemistry Was Their Life: Pioneer British Women Chemists, 1880–1949 |publisher=Imperial College Press |pages=79{{Ndash}}82 |location=London |language=en |oclc=768046657 |isbn=978-1-86094-986-9 |chapter-url={{Google books|yD_XlVSwJbcC|page=PA81|plainurl=y}} |access-date=6 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Sinnott 1960"| {{Cite book|last1=Sinnott |first1=Edmund Ware |author1-link=Edmund Ware Sinnott |year=1960 |title=Plant Morphogenesis |chapter=Part Two. The Phenomena of Morphogenesis. 6. Polarity |series=McGraw-Hill publications in the botanical sciences |publisher=Academic Press|volume=2 |pages=128{{Ndash}}129 |location=New York |language=en |oclc=325141 |hdl=2027/uc1.b3741908?urlappend=%3Bseq=142 |hdl-access=free}}}}
<!--Journals--> <!--In author alphabetical order, or reference name order where no author is identified--> {{Refn|name="ASLIB 1931"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=September 1931 |title=List of Visitors |journal=Report of Proceedings |publisher=Association of Special Libraries and Information Bureaux |volume=8 |series=8th Conference |page=9 |location=London |language=en |oclc=706048068}}}}
{{Refn|name="Burkill 1968"| {{Cite journal|last1=Burkill |first1=John Charles |author1-link=John Charles Burkill |date=November 1968 |title=Albert Edward Ingham, 1900 to 1967 |journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society |publisher=Royal Society |location=London |language=en |volume=14 |pages=271{{Ndash}}286 |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1968.0012 |doi-access=free |issn=0080-4606 |jstor=769447}}}}
{{Refn|name="Clapham 1980"| {{Cite journal|last1=Clapham |first1=Arthur Roy |author1-link=Arthur Roy Clapham |date=November 1980 |title=Edward James Salisbury. 16 April 1886 to 10 November 1978 |journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society |publisher=Royal Society |volume=26 |pages=502{{Ndash}}526 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1980.0014 |doi-access=free |issn=0080-4606 |jstor=769791}}}}
{{Refn|name="Edelbluth Kaldewey 1976"| {{Cite journal|last1=Edelbluth |first1=Eckhardt |last2=Kaldewey |first2=Harald |date=January 1976 |title=Auxin in scapes, flower buds, flowers, and fruits of daffodil (''Narcissus pseudonarcissus'' L.) |journal=Planta |publisher=Springer Science+Business Media |volume=131 |issue=3 |pages=285{{Ndash}}291 |location=Bonn |language=en |doi=10.1007/BF00385428 |issn=0032-0935 |pmid=24424832 |jstor=23372225 |bibcode=1976Plant.131..285E |s2cid=6834483}}}}
{{Refn|name="Hudson 1931"| {{Cite journal|last1=Hudson |first1=Penrhyn Stanley |others=Ministry of Agriculture |date=May 1931 |title=Imperial Bureau of Plant Genetics (for crops other than Herbage), Plant Breeding Institute, School of Agriculture, Downing Street, Cambridge, England |journal=The Journal of the Ministry of Agriculture |publisher=HMSO |volume=38 |number=2 |pages=138{{Ndash}}142 |location=Cambridge |language=en |oclc=860139833 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33050/page/n156 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Imperial Agricultural Bureaux Executive Council 1940"| {{Cite journal|author=Imperial Agricultural Bureaux Executive Council |author1-link=CAB Direct |year=1940 |title=C. The Bureaux — The Personnel |journal=Annual Report |publisher=HMSO |volume=10 |series=1938 to 1939 |page=6 |location=London |language=en |oclc=950895993 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.34702/page/n6 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Ingham 2005"| {{Cite thesis|last1=Ingham |first1=Mark |others=Goldsmiths, University of London, Visual Arts Department [Fine Art] |date=1 June 2005 |title=Afterimages: Photographs as an External Autobiographical Memory System and a Contemporary Art Practice |location=London |language=en |oclc=1006191005 |id=7465 |type=PhD |url=https://philpapers.org/rec/INGAPA-2 |access-date=21 August 2021 |url-status=live |via=PhilPapers |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210821040148/https://philpapers.org/rec/INGAPA-2 |archive-date=21 August 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Institute for Advanced Study 1940"| {{Cite report|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=April 1940 |title=Bulletin No. 9 |publisher=Institute for Advanced Study |series=IAS Publications Collection |page=12 |location=Princeton |language=en |hdl=20.500.12111/5956 |hdl-access=free |url=https://albert.ias.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.12111/5956/Bulletin9.pdf#page=7 |access-date=27 May 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211012092755/https://albert.ias.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.12111/5956/Bulletin9.pdf |archive-date=12 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Kaldewey 1957"| {{Cite journal|last1=Kaldewey |first1=Harald |date=June 1957 |title=Wachstumsverlauf, Wuchsstoffbildung und Nutationsbewegungen von ''Fritillaria meleagris'' L. im Laufe der Vegetationsperiode |trans-title=Growth Pattern, Growth Substance Formation and Nutation Movements of ''Fritillaria meleagris'' L. in the Course of the Vegetation Period |journal=Planta |publisher=Springer Science+Business Media |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=300{{Ndash}}344 |location=Bonn |language=de |doi=10.1007/BF01911291 |issn=1432-2048 |jstor=23363315 |bibcode=1957Plant..49..300K |s2cid=41817628}}}}
{{Refn|name="Kunze 1977"| {{Cite journal|last1=Kunze |first1=Henning |year=1977 |title=Nutation und Wachstum III |trans-title=Nutation and Growth III |journal=Elemente der Naturwissenschaft |trans-journal=Elements of Science |publisher=Natural Science Section at the Goetheanum |volume=27 |pages=1{{Ndash}}11 |location=Goetheanum |language=de |doi=10.18756/EDN.27.1 |oclc=720264704 |url=https://elementedernaturwissenschaft.org/en/download/541/pre_pdf |access-date=27 May 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115060213/https://elementedernaturwissenschaft.org/en/download/541/pre_pdf |archive-date=15 January 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Marine Biological Association 1920"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=July 1920 |title=Report of the Council. Occupation of Tables |journal=Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom |publisher=Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom |series=New series |volume=12 |number=2 |page=369 |location=Plymouth |language=en |oclc=1167043554 |issn=0025-3154 |url=http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/1075/1/JMBA_Vol_12_No_2.pdf#page=212 |access-date=21 September 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115034251/http://plymsea.ac.uk/id/eprint/1075/1/JMBA_Vol_12_No_2.pdf |archive-date=15 January 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="McPherson 1939"| {{Cite journal|last1=McPherson |first1=D. C. |date=23 October 1939 |title=Cortical Air Spaces in the Roots of Zea mays |journal=New Phytologist |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=38 |number=3 |pages=190{{Ndash}}202 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.1939.tb07098.x |doi-access=free |issn=1469-8137 |jstor=2428235 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271832/page/n197 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Nature 1923"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=7 July 1923 |title=Societies and Academies. London. Royal Society |journal=Nature |publisher=Nature Portfolio |volume=112 |issue=2801 |page=26 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1038/112026a0 |doi-access=free |issn=1476-4687 |bibcode=1930Natur.125..621. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.24533/page/n28 |access-date=27 January 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Nature 1930"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=19 April 1930 |title=Societies and Academies. Leeds. Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |journal=Nature |publisher=Nature Portfolio |volume=125 |issue=3155 |page=622 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.1038/125621a0 |doi-access=free |issn=1476-4687 |bibcode=1930Natur.125..621. |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.271395/page/n681 |access-date=27 January 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Office of Experiment Stations 1924"| {{Cite journal|author=Office of Experiment Stations |year=1924 |title=Recent Work in Agricultural Science. Agricultural Botany |journal=Experiment Station Record |publisher=Department of Agriculture |volume=51 |number=4 |series=July to December 1924 |pages=330{{Ndash}}331 |location=Washington |language=en |oclc=869754915 |issn=0097-689X |url=https://archive.org/details/CAT10824973056/page/330 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Shteir 1997"| {{Cite journal|last1=Shteir |first1=Ann B. |year=1997 |title=Gender and 'Modern' Botany in Victorian England |journal=Osiris |publisher=History of Science Society |volume=12 |series=Women, Gender, and Science: New Directions |pages=29–38 |location=Chicago |language=en |doi=10.1086/649265 |issn=0369-7827 |jstor=301897 |pmid=11619778|s2cid=42561484 }}}}
{{Refn|name="Sifton 1940"| {{Cite journal|last1=Sifton |first1=Harold Boyd |date=29 February 1940 |title=Lysigenous Air Spaces in the Leaf of Labrador Tea, Ledum Groenlandicum Oeder |journal=New Phytologist |publisher=Cambridge University Press |volume=39 |number=1 |pages=75{{Ndash}}79 |location=London |language=en |jstor=2428866 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-8137.1940.tb07122.x |doi-access=free |issn=1469-8137 |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.25589/page/75 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="University of Leeds 1920"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=1920 |title=Botany |journal=Annual Report |publisher=University of Leeds |volume=16 |series=1919 to 1920 |page=73 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=499388156 |url=http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/12229/5257/LUA-PUB-009-3-3_000.pdf#page=83 |access-date=27 May 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909095742/http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/12229/5257/LUA-PUB-009-3-3_000.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2017 |quote=Page 83 in the PDF.}}}}
{{Refn|name="University of Leeds 1922a"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=1922 |title=The Officers of the University |journal=Annual Report |publisher=University of Leeds |volume=18 |series=1921 to 1922 |page=5 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=499388156 |url=http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/12229/5257/LUA-PUB-009-3-3_000.pdf#page=337 |access-date=21 September 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909095742/http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/12229/5257/LUA-PUB-009-3-3_000.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2017 |ref={{SfnRef|University of Leeds|1922a}} |quote=Page 337 in the PDF.}}}}
{{Refn|name="University of Leeds 1922b"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=1922 |title=Departmental Reports. Botany |journal=Annual Report |publisher=University of Leeds |volume=18 |series=1921 to 1922 |page=94{{Ndash}}95 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=499388156 |url=http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/12229/5257/LUA-PUB-009-3-3_000.pdf#page=426 |access-date=21 September 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909095742/http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/12229/5257/LUA-PUB-009-3-3_000.pdf |archive-date=9 September 2017 |ref={{SfnRef|University of Leeds|1922b}} |quote=Pages 426 to 427 in the PDF.}}}}
{{Refn|name="University of Leeds 1926"| {{Cite journal|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=1926 |title=Halls of Residence for Women |journal=Annual Report |publisher=University of Leeds |volume=22 |series=1925 to 1926 |page=57 |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=499388156 |url=http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/14022/1/LUA-PUB-009-3-4_000.pdf#page=226 |access-date=21 September 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019204541/http://digital.library.leeds.ac.uk/14022/1/LUA-PUB-009-3-4_000.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2020 |quote=Page 226 in the PDF.}}}}
{{Refn|name="Willis 1931"| {{Cite journal|editor1-last=Willis |editor1-first=John Christopher |editor1-link=John Christopher Willis |others=Empire Cotton Growing Corporation |date=September 1931 |title=485. Plant-Breeding Abstracts |journal=The Empire Cotton Growing Review |publisher=P. S. King & Son |volume=8 |number=3 |page=264 |location=London |language=en |oclc=70734842 |issn=0010-9819 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.7650/page/n278 |access-date=12 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Wood 1926"| {{Cite journal |last1=Wood |first1=Florence Mary |date=July 1926 |title=Further Investigations of the Chemical Nature of the Cell-membrane |journal=Annals of Botany |publisher=Oxford University Press |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=547{{Ndash}}570 |location=Oxford |language=en |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a090037 |issn=0305-7364 |jstor=43236554 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.270830/page/n589 |access-date=29 January 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Zamil Geitmann 2017"| {{Cite journal|last1=Zamil |first1=Mohammad Shafayet |last2=Geitmann |first2=Anja |date=16 February 2017 |title=The middle lamella — more than a glue |journal=Physical Biology|publisher=IOP Publishing |volume=14 |issue=1 |page=015004 |location=Bristol |language=en |doi=10.1088/1478-3975/aa5ba5 |issn=1478-3975 |pmid=28140367 |bibcode=2017PhBio..14a5004Z |s2cid=25394535}}}}
<!--Websites--> <!--In author alphabetical order, or reference name order where no author is identified--> {{Refn|name="Ayre Ayre 2021"| {{Cite web|last1=Ayre |first1=Peter J. |last2=Ayre |first2=Carolyn O. |year=2021 |title=Tupper‑Carey, Humphrey Darell (Capt.) |website=www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk |publisher=Europeans In East Africa |location=Wellington |language=en |url=http://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/default.asp?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=10612 |access-date=4 October 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210518065947/http://www.europeansineastafrica.co.uk/_site/custom/database/default.asp?a=viewIndividual&pid=2&person=10612 |archive-date=18 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Ball Ball 2020"| {{Cite web|last1=Ball |first1=Duncan |last2=Ball |first2=Mandy |date=9 July 2020 |title=Rectors of The Church of St. Andrew, Donhead St. Andrew, Wiltshire |website=www.oodwooc.co.uk |publisher=D & M Ball |location=Swindon |language=en |url=http://www.oodwooc.co.uk/ph_DonStA_vic.htm |access-date=3 October 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814190927/http://www.oodwooc.co.uk/ph_DonStA_vic.htm |archive-date=14 August 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Burkill 2004"| {{Cite web|last1=Burkill |first1=John Charles |author1-link=John Charles Burkill |others=Revised by Paul Cohn |year=2004 |title=Ingham, Albert Edward (1900–1967), mathematician |website=MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive |publisher=Oxford University Press |id=34099 |location=St Andrews |language=en |url=https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/DNB/Ingham.html |access-date=26 December 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200207022719/https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/DNB/Ingham.html |archive-date=7 February 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Dundas 2021"| {{Cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=2021 |title=It's a Long Way to Tipperary. An Irish Story of the Great War. A to Z |website=longwaytotipperary.ul.ie |publisher=Glucksman Library, University of Limerick |location=Limerick |language=en |url=https://longwaytotipperary.ul.ie/a-to-z/ |access-date=13 October 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414115426/https://longwaytotipperary.ul.ie/a-to-z/ |archive-date=14 April 2021 |quote=University of Limerick's World War I Online Exhibition.}}}}
{{Refn|name="History of the BBC 2021"| {{Cite web|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |year=2021 |title=History of the BBC. Anniversaries. Chamberlain announces Britain is at war with Germany |website=BBC Online |publisher=BBC |location=London |language=en |url=http://bbc.com/historyofthebbc/anniversaries/september/war-announced/ |access-date=21 September 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903212533/http://bbc.com/historyofthebbc/anniversaries/september/war-announced/ |archive-date=3 September 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="English Cubist 2019"| {{Cite web|last1=Cleall |first1=David |last2=Davenport |first2=Bob |year=2019 |title=English Cubist. William Roberts. Portrait of Miss Jane Tupper-Carey |website=www.englishcubist.co.uk |publisher=William Roberts Society |location=Tenby |language=en |url=http://www.englishcubist.co.uk/tuppercarey.html |access-date=27 December 2020 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019121446/http://www.englishcubist.co.uk/tuppercarey.html |archive-date=19 October 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Frecker 2021"| {{Cite web|last1=Frecker |first1=Paul |year=2021 |title=Miss Helen Sandeman (1831–1900) 15 January 1861 |website=paulfrecker.com |publisher=Paul Frecker Fine Photographs |location=London |language=en |url=http://paulfrecker.com/index.cfm?page=LibraryDetails&itemid=8846 |access-date=10 October 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010094656/http://paulfrecker.com/index.cfm?page=LibraryDetails&itemid=8846 |archive-date=10 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Jenkins 1910"| {{Cite web|last1=Jenkins |first1=Harry |others=Arthur Taylor |year=1910 |title=Reverend Albert Darell Tupper-Carey, Rector of St Margaret's, Lowestoft, 1901 to 1910 |website=www.lowestofthistory.com |publisher=Lowestoft History |location=Lowestoft |language=en |url=http://www.lowestofthistory.com/card/k0730.html |access-date=12 October 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211012015542/http://www.lowestofthistory.com/card/k0730.html |archive-date=12 October 2021}}}}
<!--Archives--> <!--In reference name order--> {{Refn|name="Balls 1923"| {{Cite archive|last1=Balls |first1=William Lawrence |author-link1=William Lawrence Balls |date=May 1923 |item=Referee's report on 'The composition of the cell-wall at the apical meristem of stem and root' by R. M. Tupper-Carey and J. H. Priestley |institution=Royal Society |collection=Referees' reports on scientific papers submitted to the Royal Society for publication |series=Referees' reports: volume 29, peer reviews of scientific papers submitted to the Royal Society for publication |pages=1{{Ndash}}4 |location=London |language=en |item-id=RR/29/62 |type=Item |item-url=https://catalogues.royalsociety.org/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=RR%2f29%2f62 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Baptisms 1897"| {{Cite archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=1897 |item=Baptisms at Donhead St Andrew. 1858 to 1922 |institution=Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre |collection=Parish Records of Donhead St Andrew |series=Registers |page=77 |location=Chippenham |language=en |item-id=1732/5 |type=Baptism register |item-url=http://calmview.wiltshire.gov.uk/CalmView/Record.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&id=PR103%2f1%2f5 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="King 1932"| {{Cite archive|last1=King |first1=Annie Redman |date=1932 |item=King, Annie Redman 1911 to 1948 |institution=University of Leeds |collection=Personalia |location=Leeds |language=en |item-id=LUA/PER/045 |type=Boxes |item-url=https://explore.library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections-explore/4001 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Pars 1930"| {{Cite archive|last1=Pars |first1=Leopold Alexander |author-link1=Leopold Pars |date=1930 |item=Letter from A.E. Ingham at Berkeley, California |institution=Jesus College |collection=Papers of Leopold Alexander Pars |series=Correspondence |location=Cambridge |language=en |item-id=JCPP/Pars/1/1930 |type=Letter |item-url=https://collegecollections.jesus.cam.ac.uk/index.php/letters-of-1930 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Pars 1942"| {{Cite archive|last1=Pars |first1=Leopold Alexander |author-link1=Leopold Pars |date=1942 |item=About a job that A.E. Ingham was offered in America |institution=Jesus College |collection=Papers of Leopold Alexander Pars |series=161 letters |location=Cambridge |language=en |item-id=JCPP/Pars/1/1942 |type=Letter |item-url=https://collegecollections.jesus.cam.ac.uk/index.php/letters-of-1942 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Pars 1973"| {{Cite archive|last1=Pars |first1=Leopold Alexander |author-link1=Leopold Pars |date=1973 |item=Letter from Pars's godson Michael Ingham and to him |institution=Jesus College |collection=Papers of Leopold Alexander Pars |series=235 letters |location=Cambridge |language=en |item-id=JCPP/Pars/1/1973 |type=Letter |item-url=https://collegecollections.jesus.cam.ac.uk/index.php/letters-of-1973 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Pars 1980"| {{Cite archive|last1=Pars |first1=Leopold Alexander |author-link1=Leopold Pars |date=1980 |item=Death of Theodora Alberta Pars |institution=Jesus College |collection=Papers of Leopold Alexander Pars |series=218 letters |location=Cambridge |language=en |item-id=JCPP/Pars/1/1980 |type=Letter |item-url=https://collegecollections.jesus.cam.ac.uk/index.php/letters-of-1980 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Pars 1982"| {{Cite archive|last1=Pars |first1=Leopold Alexander |author-link1=Leopold Pars |date=1982 |item=Letter from Michael Ingham |institution=Jesus College |collection=Papers of Leopold Alexander Pars |series=146 letters |location=Cambridge |language=en |item-id=JCPP/Pars/1/1982 |type=Letter |item-url=https://collegecollections.jesus.cam.ac.uk/index.php/letters-of-1982 |access-date=27 May 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Vandyck Passenger List 1939"| {{Cite archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=13 September 1939 |item=S. S. Vandyck. Departed Liverpool 1 September 1939 |institution=National Archives and Records Administration |collection=Book Indexes for New York Passenger Lists|series=1 January 1906 to 1 April 1942 |page=183 |location=Washington |language=en |item-id=T715 157914759 |type=JPEG |item-url=https://catalog.archives.gov/id/157914759?objectPage=183 |access-date=10 January 2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110072513/https://catalog.archives.gov/id/157914759?objectPage=183 |archive-date=10 January 2023 |quote=Image 183.}}}}
<!--Newspapers--> <!--Organised by newspaper title and date--> <!--Boston Guardian--> {{Refn|name="Boston Guardian 7 March 1908"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=The Teaching of French |work=Boston Guardian |language=en |oclc=556439943 |id=0001888/19080307/107/0005 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
<!--Eastern Daily Press--> {{Refn|name="Eastern Daily Press 7 January 1910"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Claire House School for Girls, North Parade, Lowestoft |work=Eastern Daily Press |location=Norwich |language=en |issn=0307-0956 |oclc=1063250029 |id=0001724/19100107/050/0002 |access-date=12 October 2021}}}}
<!--Leeds Mercury--> {{Refn|name="Leeds Mercury 13 August 1883"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=An Important Discovery – Helen J. Tupper Carey, Ebbesborne Wake, Salisbury |work=Leeds Mercury |language=en |oclc=1016307518 |id=0000076/18830813/041/0008 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Leeds Mercury 20 November 1926"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Letter to the Editor. The British-Italian League in Leeds |work=Leeds Mercury |language=en |oclc=1016307518 |id=0000748/19261120/086/0004 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}} id= {{Refn|name="Leeds Mercury 7 December 1928"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|last1=Mather |first1=Joyce |title=Fashions Through the Ages. A Leeds Parade. Nothing New in Dresses To-day |work=Leeds Mercury |language=en |oclc=1016307518 |id=0000748/19281207/086/0003 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Leeds Mercury 2 June 1932"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|last1=Mather |first1=Joyce |title=A Yorkshire Woman's Notes. A Later Development |work=Leeds Mercury |language=en |oclc=1016307518 |id=0000748/19320602/243/0008 |access-date=26 December 2020 |ref={{SfnRef|Leeds Mercury 2 June|1932}}}}}}
{{Refn|name="Leeds Mercury 3 August 1932"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|last1=Mather |first1=Joyce |title=The Tupper-Carey Wedding |work=Leeds Mercury |language=en |oclc=1016307518 |id=0000748/19320803/147/0006 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
<!--The London Gazette--> {{Refn|name="London Gazette 4 June 1957"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=4 June 1957 |title=Queen's Birthday Honours 1957. Officers of the Order of the British Empire (OBE). Civil Division |work=The London Gazette |page=3380 |language=en |oclc=1013393168 |issue=41089 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/41089/supplement/3380 |access-date=12 October 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190721182905/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/41089/supplement/3380/data.pdf |archive-date=21 July 2019}}}}
{{Refn|name="London Gazette 5 June 1959"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=5 June 1959 |title=Imperial Service Order Companions |work=The London Gazette |page=3724 |language=en |oclc=1013393168 |issue=41727 |url=https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/41727/supplement/3724 |access-date=3 October 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211003134838/https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/41727/supplement/3724/data.pdf |archive-date=3 October 2021}}}}
<!--Lowestoft Journal--> {{Refn|name="Lowestoft Journal 4 July 1908"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Wild Flower Show at Lowestoft |work=Lowestoft Journal |language=en |oclc=900349662 |id=0001978/19080704/079/0005 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Lowestoft Journal 25 July 1908"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Scholastic Successes |work=Lowestoft Journal |language=en |oclc=900349662 |id=0001978/19080725/117/0005 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Lowestoft Journal 5 December 1908"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Claire House School |work=Lowestoft Journal |language=en |oclc=900349662 |id=0001978/19081205/148/0005 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
<!--Newcastle Journal--> {{Refn|name="Newcastle Journal 4 October 1916"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=North Country Notes |work=Newcastle Journal |language=en |oclc=926117601 |issn=0307-3645 |id=0000569/19161004/015/0004 |access-date=3 October 2021}}}}
<!--The Scotsman--> {{Refn|name="The Scotsman 8 July 1927"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Wedding at St Mary's. Tupper Carey-Dundas |work=The Scotsman |location=Edinburgh |language=en |oclc=624981792 |issn=0307-5850 |id=0000540/19270708/374/0008 |access-date=3 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="The Scotsman 13 July 1939"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Leverhulme Fellowships |work=The Scotsman |location=Edinburgh |language=en |oclc=624981792 |issn=0307-5850 |id=0000540/19390713/254/0006 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
<!--The Stage--> {{Refn|name="The Stage 5 December 1929"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Leeds University Amateurs |work=The Stage |location=London |language=en |issn=0038-9099 |id=0001179/19291205/088/0026 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
<!--Tatler--> {{Refn|name="Tatler 19 April 1944"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Noted Author's Home in the Cotswolds |work=Tatler |location=London |language=en |issn=0263-7162 |id=0001853/19440419/017/0017 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Tatler 22 March 1922"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Busy Cupid: Weddings and Engagements |work=Tatler |location=London |language=en |issn=0263-7162 |id=0001852/19220322/061/0048 |access-date=3 October 2021}}}}
<!--The Times--> {{Refn|name="The Times 18 August 1897"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=18 August 1897 |title=Births |work=The Times |page=1 |location=London |language=en |issn=0140-0460 |issue=35285 |id={{Gale|CS17228050}} |url=https://www.thetimes.com/archive/article/1897-08-18/1/1.html |access-date=4 June 2021 |url-access=subscription}}}}
{{Refn|name="The Times 29 June 1928"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=29 June 1928 |title=University News. Leeds, June 28 |work=The Times |page=18 |location=London |language=en |issn=0140-0460 |issue=44932 |id={{Gale|CS302587613}} |url=https://www.thetimes.com/archive/article/1928-06-29/18/4.html |access-date=4 June 2021 |url-access=subscription}}}}
{{Refn|name="The Times 30 May 1932"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=30 May 1932 |title=Forthcoming Marriages |work=The Times |page=15 |location=London |language=en |issn=0140-0460 |issue=46146 |id={{Gale|CS252651198}} |url=https://www.thetimes.com/archive/article/1932-05-30/15/7.html |access-date=4 June 2021 |url-access=subscription}}}}
{{Refn|name="The Times 20 July 1938"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=20 July 1938 |title=Mrs. A. D. Tupper-Carey |work=The Times |page=16 |location=London |language=en |issn=0140-0460 |issue=48051 |id={{Gale|CS270217972}} |url=https://www.thetimes.com/archive/article/1938-07-20/16/8.html |access-date=4 June 2021 |url-access=subscription}}}}
{{Refn|name="The Times 22 September 1943"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=22 September 1943 |title=Obituary. Canon A. D. Carey |work=The Times |page=8 |location=London |language=en |issn=0140-0460 |issue=49657 |id={{Gale|CS135740726}} |url=https://www.thetimes.com/archive/article/1943-09-22/8/11.html |access-date=4 June 2021 |url-access=subscription}}}}
{{Refn|name="The Times 15 September 1982"| {{Cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=15 September 1982 |title=Deaths |work=The Times |page=26 |location=London |language=en |issn=0140-0460 |issue=61338 |id={{Gale|CS436701999}} |url=https://www.thetimes.com/archive/article/1982-09-15/26/3.html |access-date=4 June 2021 |url-access=subscription}}}}
<!--Western Gazette--> {{Refn|name="Western Gazette 19 September 1890"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Donhead St. Andrew. Marriage of Miss Helen Mary Chapman and the Rev. A. D. Tupper Carey |work=Western Gazette |location=Yeovil |language=en |oclc=14708041 |id=0000406/18900919/150/0008 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
<!--Yorkshire Post--> {{Refn|name="Yorkshire Post 4 June 1914"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive <!-- Citation bot bypass-->|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=The Wedding of Mr. M. T. Sadler and Miss Edith Tupper Carey |work=The Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=18793101 |issn=0963-1496 |id=0000687/19140604/167/0008 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}}
{{Refn|name="Yorkshire Post 23 April 1927"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive <!-- Citation bot bypass-->|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Miss Tupper-Carey and Mr. E. J. Mitchell |work=The Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=18793101 |id=0000687/19270423/429/0016 |access-date=3 October 2021}}}}
{{Refn|name="Yorkshire Post 26 September 1931"| {{Cite British Newspaper Archive <!-- Citation bot bypass-->|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=A Key To Information. Value of Expert Translators |work=The Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer |location=Leeds |language=en |oclc=18793101 |id=0000687/19310926/398/0008 |access-date=26 December 2020}}}} }}
==Further reading== * {{Cite book |last1=Blight |first1=Denis |last2=Ibbotson |first2=Ruth |editor1-last=Hemming |editor1-first=David |others=CAB International |year=2011 |title=CABI: a century of scientific endeavour |publisher=Gutenberg Press |location=Malta |language=en |oclc=1040280202 |isbn=978-1-84593-873-4 |url=https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/100-Year-Book.pdf |access-date=31 January 2021 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729104027/https://www.cabi.org/wp-content/uploads/100-Year-Book.pdf |archive-date=29 July 2021 |ref=none}} * {{Cite magazine|editor1-last=Ede |editor1-first=Ronald |others=Cambridge University Agricultural Society |year=1930 |title=Members of Staff at the School of Agriculture, Downing Street, Cambridge |magazine=Cambridge University Agricultural Society Magazine |publisher=W. Heffer & Sons |volume=3 |page=74 |location=Cambridge |language=en |oclc=43472660 |quote=Penrhyn Stanley Hudson and Ingham are photographed seated together, on the left, at the front. |ref=none}} * {{Cite book|last1=Lang |first1=Cosmo Gordon |author1-link=Cosmo Gordon Lang |year=1945 |title=Tupper (Canon A. D. Tupper-Carey): A Memoir of a Very Human Parish Priest |publisher=Constable & Co |location=London |language=en |oclc=931231033 |ref=none}} Archbishop Cosmo Lang's biography of Ingham's father. * {{Cite book|last1=Priestley |first1=Joseph Hubert |author1-link=Joseph Hubert Priestley |last2=Scott |first2=Lorna Iris |last3=Harrison |first3=Edith |others=Illustrated by Marjorie Edith Malins and Lorna Iris Scott |year=1964 |orig-date=First published 1938 |title=An Introduction to Botany, with special reference to the structure of the flowering plant |publisher=Longmans Green & Co |location=London |language=en |oclc=1150024139 |url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontobo0000prie |access-date=26 December 2020 |url-access=registration |ref=none}}
==External links== * [http://www.englishcubist.co.uk/tuppercarey.html Portrait] of Ingham by William Roberts, circa 1922, "An English Cubist". * [https://ualresearchonline.arts.ac.uk/id/eprint/7465/ Afterimages: Photographs as an External Autobiographical Memory System and a Contemporary Art Practice], University of the Arts London Research Online. Photographs of Jane Ingham, taken by Albert Ingham, for Mark Ingham's PhD thesis at Goldsmiths, University of London. * [https://www.worldcat.org/search?q=R.+M.+Tupper%E2%80%91Carey&dblist=638&fq=ap%3A%22tupper+carey+r+m%22&qt=facet_ap%3A Works by Ingham] at WorldCat. * [https://eghammuseum.org/lorna-scott-and-her-mortar-board Lorna Scott and her Mortar Board] by Margaret Stewart, for Egham Museum, on botanist Lorna Iris Scott, Joseph Hubert Priestley's collaborator after Ingham left for Cambridge.
{{Portal bar|Biography|History of science|Botany}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ingham, Jane}} Category:1897 births Category:1982 deaths Category:20th-century English botanists Category:20th-century English women scientists Category:Academics of the University of Leeds Category:Alumni of the University of Leeds Category:British women botanists Category:English translators Category:German–English translators Category:Scientists from Cambridge Category:Scientists from Leeds Category:20th-century British women biologists