{{Use British English|date=August 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}} '''James Hargraves''' or '''Hargrave''' (1690–1741) was an English Anglican divine who became the Dean of Chichester Cathedral in 1739.
==Early life== Hargraves was the son of Nathaniel Hargrave of Wakefield, Yorkshire and went to school in his home town. He matriculated in 1709 and studied at Clare College, Cambridge, where he was awarded his BA in 1711–1712. He received his MA 1715 and his DD (Com. Reg.<ref>Com Reg. – Comitia Regia: certain gatherings of the Senate of the University at which royal personages were present and degrees specially conferred. [http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/acad/abbreviations.html]</ref>) in 1728.<ref name=venn1>{{acad|id= HRGS708J|name=Hargraves, James}}</ref>
==Career== James Hargraves was ordained in 1712/13.<ref name=venn1 /> He became Rector of the parish of East Hoathly in 1718 (the location of the Duke of Newcastle's estate of Halland<ref name=Chamberlain79/>), Prebendary of [[East Wittering|[East]Thorney]], Sussex in 1723.<ref>Salzman. A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 4. pp. 215 – 217. Three manorial estates in this parish (of East Wittering) formed the endowments of prebends in Chichester Cathedral to which they gave their names—SOMERLEY, BRACKLESHAM, and [EAST]THORNEY.</ref> He was appointed Chaplain to the King in 1724 and Prebendary of Westminster in 1725, was Rector of St Margaret's, Westminster 1730–1734, and was Dean of Chichester from 1739 until his death.<ref name=venn1/>
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1726.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www2.royalsociety.org/DServe/dserve.exe?dsqIni=Dserve.ini&dsqApp=Archive&dsqCmd=Show.tcl&dsqDb=Persons&dsqPos=0&dsqSearch=%28Surname%3D%27hargraves%27%29| title = Library and Archive Catalogue| publisher = Royal Society| accessdate = 2012-03-09}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
He died on 4 December 1741 and was buried in Chichester Cathedral.<ref name=venn1/>
==Patronage and the church in Sussex== thumb|right|150px|Thomas Pelham-Holles, <br />Duke of Newcastle The Pelham family had been in Sussex since the thirteenth century.<ref name=lower40>Lower. Worthies of Sussex. p. 40</ref> In 1711 one of the family, Thomas Pelham, inherited the title and vast estate of John Holles, the Duke of Newcastle who had been his mother's brother.<ref name=Browning1>Reed Browning, 'Holles, Thomas Pelham-, duke of Newcastle upon Tyne and first duke of Newcastle under Lyme (1693–1768)', Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004; online edn, May 2011 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/21801, accessed 8 February 2012]</ref> The heir's only obligation was to append 'Holles' to his name and so he became Thomas Pelham-Holles.<ref name=Browning1/> In 1712 he also inherited the Pelham estates in Sussex, from his father.<ref name=Browning1/> The new Duke of Newcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles was a very wealthy man with major landholdings throughout England and the power to influence the selection of at least a dozen members of parliament.<ref name=Browning1/> He became a strong supporter of the Whig party.<ref name=Browning1/> The 19th-century historian Mark Anthony Lower said that ''his great wealth and influence secured him the utmost deference amongst his Sussex neighbours''.<ref name=lower45>Lower. Worthies of Sussex. p. 45</ref> In Sussex the Pelham family had influence and contacts among the clergy.<ref name=Chamberlain79/>
Hargraves first met Thomas Pelham-Holles at Clare College, Cambridge, where he was the future duke's tutor.<ref name=Chamberlain79>Chamberlain. Accommodating High Churchmen. pp. 79–82</ref> Hargraves originally came from Wakefield, in Yorkshire, but was brought to Sussex by the duke to be his chaplain.<ref name=Chamberlain79/> Several Sussex clergymen were to receive preferment due to Newcastle's contacts and influence through the Pelham family.<ref name=Chamberlain79/> The duke had hoped that the previous dean of Chichester, Thomas Hayley, could be induced to decline his nomination (as dean), so that James Hargraves could be nominated for the post instead. The king had even ordered a warrant to be ready for the royal signature, as soon as he heard of Hayley's refusal. Hayley, however, decided to accept the deanery.<ref name=Horn6>Horn. Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857: volume 2. pp. 6–9</ref> Even so, with Newcastles help, Hargraves was able to progress rapidly from his post as chaplain to Dean of Chichester. He became dean of Chichester after Hayley's death in 1739<ref name=Chamberlain79/>
Hargraves continued to tutor various Pelhams down the years as well as spending much of his time and effort campaigning for Whig candidates in parliamentary elections.<ref name=Chamberlain79/> This close linking of the political and ecclesiastical life of Sussex continued for most of the middle of the 18th century.<ref name=holtby110>Holtby. The Restoration to 1790 ''in'' Hobbs. Chichester Cathedral: An Historic survey. pp. 110–111</ref>
Both Newcastle and Hargraves seemed to have remained friends until Hargraves death in 1741.<ref name=Chamberlain79/>
==Notes== {{reflist}}
==References== {{Portal|Christianity}} * {{Cite book|last=Chamberlain|first=Jeffrey S.|title=Accommodating High Churchmen: The Clergy of Sussex, 1700–1745 (Studies in Anglican History)|publisher=University of Illinois Press|year= 1997|location=Champaign, IL|isbn=0-252-02308-0}} * {{Cite encyclopedia|editor-last=Hobbs|editor-first=Mary|title=Chichester Cathedral an Historical Survey|year=1994|publisher=Phillimore|location=Chichester|isbn=0-85033-924-3}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/fasti-ecclesiae/1541-1847/vol2/pp6-9|title=Deans |last=Horn|first=Joyce M.|work=Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1541–1857: volume 2: Chichester diocese |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |year=1971 |accessdate=2012-02-14 }} * {{Cite book|last=Lower|first=Mark Anthony|title=The Worthies of Sussex|publisher=Sussex Advertiser|year=1865|location=Lewes, Sussex}} * {{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41748 |title=East Wittering |editor-last=Salzman|editor-first=L.F. |work=A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 4: The Rape of Chichester |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |year=1953 |accessdate=2012-02-24 }} * {{Cite book|editor1-first=J|editor1-last=Venn|editor2-first=J. A.|editor2-last=Venn|year=1922–1958|title= Alumni Cantabrigienses (10 vols)|publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
{{S-start}} {{S-rel|en}} {{S-bef|before=Thomas Hayley}} {{S-ttl|title=Dean of Chichester |years= 1739–1741}} {{S-aft|after=William Ashburnham }} {{S-end}}
{{Deans of Chichester}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hargraves, James}} Category:1690 births Category:1741 deaths Category:People from Wakefield Category:Alumni of Clare College, Cambridge Category:Deans of Chichester Category:British fellows of the Royal Society Category:Canons of Westminster Category:People from East Hoathly