{{short description|British engineer}} {{about||the Australian cricketer|James Goodfellow (cricketer)|people with a similar name|Jim Goodfellow (disambiguation)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}} {{Infobox person | name = James Goodfellow | image = <!-- just the filename, without the File: or Image: prefix or enclosing brackets --> | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = 1937<!-- {{Birth date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Birth-date and age|Month DD, YYYY}} --> (age 87-88) | birth_place = Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland, United Kingdom | death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} or {{Death-date and age|df=yes|Month DD, YYYY|Month DD, YYYY}} (death date then birth date) --> | death_place = | known_for = Inventing the PIN and modern ATM }}
'''James Goodfellow''' (born 1937) is a Scottish inventor. In 1966, he patented personal identification number (PIN) technology and an automated teller machine (ATM).<ref>UK Patent No.1,197,183 - 2 May 1966.</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://heritage.scotsman.com/scotlandsgreatestinventor/So-whose-razorsharp-mind-has.3327125.jp|title=So whose razor-sharp mind has the edge?|date=15 September 2007|work=The Scotsman|accessdate=17 January 2010|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100522125645/http://heritage.scotsman.com/scotlandsgreatestinventor/So-whose-razorsharp-mind-has.3327125.jp|archivedate=22 May 2010}}</ref> He is generally considered the inventor of the modern ATM.<ref name=hof>{{cite web|title=James Goodfellow (born 1937), inventor and first patentor of the automated teller|url=http://www.engineeringhalloffame.org/profile-goodfellow.html|publisher=Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame|accessdate=24 April 2020|quote=James Goodfellow is now generally accepted as being the inventor of the ATM.}}</ref><ref name=jeffries>{{cite news|last=Jeffries|first=Stuart|title=Pins and needle|date=20 January 2005|newspaper=The Guardian|url=https://www.theguardian.com/money/2005/jan/20/accounts.saving|accessdate=24 April 2020|quote=Who invented the ATM as we know it? We have to think it was James Goodfellow in Scotland for holding a patent date of 1966.}}</ref>
Goodfellow was born in Paisley, Renfrewshire,<ref name=hof/> where he later attended St Mirin's Academy.<ref>{{cite news|last=Speirs|first=Kathleen|title=Banking inventor James Goodfellow OBE goes back to school in Paisley|date=2 April 2018|newspaper=Scottish Daily Record|url=https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/local-news/banking-inventor-james-goodfellow-obe-12291259|accessdate=24 April 2020}}</ref> As a 28-year-old development engineer at Kelvin Hughes, he was given the project of developing an automatic cash dispenser in 1965. His system accepted a machine readable encrypted card, with a numerical PIN keypad.<ref name=hof/><ref name=jeffries/> The invention received UK Patent No. 1,197,183 with a priority date of 2 May 1966.<ref name=hof/> In 1967, the world's first ATM was at Barclays Bank in Enfield, north London, which used a rival design by John Shepherd-Barron of De La Rue that accepted cheques impregnated with a radioactive chemical.<ref name=jeffries/><ref>{{cite news|last=Milligan|first=Brian|title=The man who invented the cash machine|date=25 June 2007|publisher=BBC|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/6230194.stm|access-date=24 April 2020}}</ref> De La Rue did not patent the design.<ref name=jeffries/>
In 2005, Shepherd-Barron was widely reported as the inventor of the cash dispenser after he received an OBE.<ref name=hof/><ref name=jeffries/> This compelled Goodfellow to publicize his patent.<ref name=hof/> "[Shepherd-Barron] invented a radioactive device to withdraw money. I invented an automated system with an encrypted card and a pin number, and that's the one that is used around the world today," he said.<ref name=jeffries/> Despite being appointed an OBE in the 2006 Queen's Birthday Honours for his invention of the personal identification number,<ref name="goodfellow">{{cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/scotland/glasgow_and_west/5087984.stm|title=Royal honour for inventor of Pin|publisher=BBC|access-date=5 November 2007|date=16 June 2006}}</ref> Goodfellow has publicly commented on the lack of recognition and compensation for his inventiveness, since PIN codes are ubiquitous today.<ref name="goodfellowBBC">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p03syg1w|title=How the PIN number was invented|publisher=BBC|access-date=5 May 2016|date=2 May 2016}}</ref>
Goodfellow, a Fellow of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, was inducted into the Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame in 2016.<ref name=hof/> In 2011, BBC Radio Scotland broadcast Goodfellow's oral account of the history of his invention, rebroadcast in 2022.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b013n554 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005191816/https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/b013n554 | url-status=dead | archive-date=5 October 2022 | title=Pioneers - Series 2 - James Goodfellow - BBC Sounds }}</ref>
==See also== *Scottish inventions and discoveries
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== *[http://www.scottish-places.info/people/famousfirst3146.html James Goodfellow], entry at the Gazetteer for Scotland *[https://web.archive.org/web/20110728013121/http://www.atmmachine.com/goodfellow_atminventor.html "Who invented the ATM machine? - The James Goodfellow Story"], at atmmachine.com
{{authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Goodfellow, James}} Category:1937 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century Scottish inventors Category:Scottish electrical engineers Category:Engineers from Paisley, Renfrewshire Category:Members of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre Category:Officers of the Order of the British Empire Category:People from Paisley, Renfrewshire Category:People educated at St Mirin's Academy Category:Scottish Engineering Hall of Fame inductees Category:Scottish Roman Catholics