{{Short description|Sultan of Sindh 1428-1453}} {{Infobox royalty | name = '''Jam Tughlaq'''<br> ڄام تغلق | title = [[Jam (title)|Jam]] ([[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]: ڄام)<br>[[Shah]] ([[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]: شاهه)<br>[[Sultan|Sultan of Sindh]] ([[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]: سنڌ جو سُلطان) | predecessor = Jam Fateh Khan | successor = [[Jam Sikandar II]]<br>[[Jam Mubarak]] (As usurper) | reign = ''[[Hereditary monarchy]]''<br>1428 – {{Nowrap|January 1453}} | succession = 12th [[List of monarchs of Sindh|Sultan of Sindh]] | birth_name = Juna bin Sikandar | death_date = January 1453 | death_place = Samui (Near [[Thatta|Samanagar]], [[Sindh]]) | burial_place =Malik Kot (near Qutubpur, South of [[Ahmedabad]], [[Gujarat]]) | issue = Jam Khairuddin<br>Jam Salahuddin<br>Bibi Murki<br>Bibi Mughli | full name = Jam Tughlaq Shah<br> Jam Juna II | regnal name = Sultan Tughlaq Shah | house-type = Branch | house = {{flagicon|Sindh|Samma}} [[House of Juna]] | dynasty = {{flagicon|Sindh|Samma}} [[Samma Dynasty]] | father = Jam Sikandar I | religion = [[Sunni]] [[Islam]] }} '''Tughlaq Shah''' ({{langx|sd|تغلق شاهه}}) also known as '''Jam Juna II''' ({{langx|sd|ڄام جوڻو ثاني}}) was the twelfth [[Sultan]] of [[Sindh]] belonging to the [[Samma dynasty]], ruling from 1428 to 1453.
==Life== Jam Tughlaq's personal name was Juna bin Sikandar.{{sfn|Lakho|2006|p=52}} He was the son of Jam Sikandar I and the younger brother of Jam Fateh Khan.{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=345}} He had two daughters, Bibi Murki and Bibi Mughli, and two sons, Jam Khairuddin and Jam Salahuddin.{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=351}} He was very fond of hunting. He died in January 1453 and was buried at Malik Kot, also known as Malik Goth, a fort he built for his daughters on the [[Sabarmati River]] near Qutubpur, south of [[Ahmedabad]] in [[Gujarat]].{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=351}}{{sfn|Lari|1994|p=75}} ==Reign== Jam Tughlaq was crowned in 1428 by his brother Jam Fateh Khan three days before the latter’s death. He was an able administrator. According to Masumi, he appointed his brothers Jam Ferozuddin and another unnamed brother as the [[Hakim (title)|Hakim]]s of [[Sehwan]] and [[Bukkur]] [[Sarkar (administrative division)|Sarkar]]s.{{sfn|Lari|1994|p=74}}{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=346}} During his reign, Baloch tribes reportedly raided Bukkur; Jam Tughlaq marched against them, suppressed the disturbance, and established outposts in each [[pargana]] to prevent further incursions.{{sfn|Dames|1904|p=40}}{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=346}}
With the decline of the [[Delhi Sultanate]]’s influence, Jam Tughlaq strengthened relations with the [[Muzaffarids (Gujarat)|Muzaffarid]] rulers of the Gujarat Sultanate through marriage alliances.{{sfn|Lakho|2006|p=52}} In 1442 he sent two daughters, Bibi Murki and Bibi Mughli, to Gujarat accompanied by Maulana Muhammad Sadiq and two princes, Jam Salahuddin and Jam Khairuddin.{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=346}}{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=348}} Bibi Murki was originally intended to marry [[Muhammad Shah II]], while Bibi Mughli was intended for the Sufi figure [[Shah e Alam]]. However Maulana Sadiq altered the arrangements, and Bibi Mughli married the Sultan, while Bibi Murki married Shah Alam, the great grandson of [[Jalaluddin Surkh-Posh Bukhari|Makhdoom Jahaniya]].{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=348}}{{sfn|Lakho|2006|p=83}}
Jam Tughlaq also began the renovation of the [[Kalan Kot]] fort, later known as Tughlaqabad. The work was not completed during his reign and was finished by later Samma rulers. The fort continued to be used in subsequent periods, including under Mughal administration.{{sfn|Panhwar|1983|p=346}}
[[File:Kalan Kot.jpg|thumb|Kalan Kot (Tughlaqabad) Fort]]
Jam Tughlaq was succeeded by his nephew [[Jam Sikandar II]].
==References== {{Reflist|2}} ===Bibliography=== *{{Citation |last1=Dames|first1=Mansel Longworth|title= The Baloch Race: A Historical and Ethnological Sketch |date=1904 |publisher=Royal Asiatic Society|url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/The_Baloch_Race/b4RCAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0|language=en}} * {{Citation |last1=Panhwar |first1=M. H. |title=Chronological Dictionary of Sindh (From Geological Times to 1539) |date=August 1983 |publisher=Educational Press: Institute of Sindhology, University of Sind, Jamshoro |location=Karachi |edition=1 |url=https://archive.org/details/ChronologicalDictionaryOfSindh/page/n1/mode/2up |language=en}} * {{Citation |last1=Lakho |first1=G. M.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g_dtAAAAMAAJ&q=samma%20kingdom%20of%20sindh |title= The Samma Kingdom of Sindh|date=2006|publisher=University of Jamshoro|isbn=9789694050782 |language=en}} *{{Citation |last1=Lari |first1=Suhail Zaheer |title=A History of Sindh |date=1994 |publisher=Oxford University Press|url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/A_History_of_Sindh/LfFtAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=0&bsq=history%20of%20Sindh%20Suhail%20Zaheer%20Lari|isbn=9780195775013|language=en}}
{{S-start}} {{S-hou|[[Samma dynasty]]<br>([[House of Juna]])}} {{S-reg}} {{S-bef|before=[[Jam Fateh Khan]]}} {{S-ttl|title=[[Sultans of Sindh|Sultan of Sindh]]<br>Tughlaq Shah|years=1428-1453}} {{S-aft|after=[[Jam Mubarak]]}} {{end}}
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[[Category:1453 deaths]] [[Category: Sultans of Sindh|Tughlaq]] [[Category:Sindhi people]] [[Category:15th-century Indian monarchs]]