{{Short description|German chemist (1834–1910)}} {{Infobox scientist | name = Jacob Volhard | image = Jacob Volhard.jpg | image_size = | caption = Jacob Volhard | birth_date = {{birth date|1834|6|4|df=y}} | birth_place = Darmstadt, Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine | death_date = {{death date and age|1910|1|14|1834|6|4|df=y}} | death_place = Halle/Saale, German Empire | field = | work_institution = | alma_mater = | doctoral_advisor = Justus Liebig, <br>Heinrich Will | doctoral_students = Hugo Erdmann, <br> Johannes Thiele, <br> Daniel Vorländer, <br> Hermann Staudinger | known_for = Volhard method<br> Volhard–Erdmann cyclization, <br> Hell–Volhard–Zelinsky halogenation. | prizes = | religion = | footnotes = }} '''Jacob Volhard ''' (4 June 1834 – 14 January 1910) was the German chemist who discovered, together with his student Hugo Erdmann, the Volhard–Erdmann cyclization reaction. He was also responsible for the improvement of the Hell–Volhard–Zelinsky halogenation.
From 1852 to 1855 he studied chemistry at the University of Giessen, and afterwards, furthered his education at Heidelberg University. For two years he worked as an assistant under Justus von Liebig at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and from 1860 to 1861 studied with August Wilhelm von Hofmann in London. In 1863, he obtained his habilitation at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, where he subsequently became an associate professor. In the meantime, he worked in the Institute of Plant Physiology at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (1865–76). In 1879, he was named a professor of organic chemistry at the University of Erlangen, then in 1882 relocated to the University of Halle, where he served as a professor up until 1908.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=0Y2aBQAAQBAJ&dq=%22Jacob+Volhard%22+1834&pg=PA67 Important Figures of Analytical Chemistry from Germany in Brief Biographies ...] by D. Thorburn Burns, R. Klaus Müller, Reiner Salzer, Gerhard Werner</ref>
== Selected works == * ''Die Begründung der Chemie durch Lavoisier'', 1870 – The founding of chemistry by Antoine Lavoisier. * ''Experiments in general chemistry and introduction to chemical analysis'', 1889; Analytic tables by Clemens Zimmermann, translated by Edward Renouf. * ''August Wilhelm von Hofmann : ein Lebensbild im Auftrage der Deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft'', 1902 – Biography of August Wilhelm von Hofmann. * ''Justus von Liebig'' (2 volumes, 1909) – Biography of Justus von Liebig.<ref>[https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Search/Home?lookfor=%22Volhard,Jakob,1834-1910.%22&type=author&inst= HathiTrust Digital Library] (published works)</ref><ref>[https://www.worldcat.org/identities/lccn-n86867716/ Most widely held works by Jakob Volhard] WorldCat Identities</ref>
==See also== *German inventors and discoverers
==References== *{{cite journal | title = Jacob Volhard | pages = 1855–1902 | author = Daniel Vorländer | doi = 10.1002/cber.19120450261 | journal = Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft | volume = 46 | issue = 2 | year = 1912| author-link = Daniel Vorländer | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1426481 }} {{reflist}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Volhard, Jacob}} Category:1834 births Category:1910 deaths Category:19th-century German chemists Category:Scientists from Darmstadt Category:People from the Grand Duchy of Hesse Category:University of Giessen alumni Category:Heidelberg University alumni Category:Academic staff of LMU Munich Category:Academic staff of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg Category:Academic staff of the Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg