{{short description|Spanish breed of horse}} {{use dmy dates|date=December 2022}} {{use British English|date=December 2022}} {{use list-defined references|date=December 2022}} {{infobox horse breed | name = Jaca Navarra | image = Nafar behoka zaldia1.JPG | image_size = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image2 = | image_size2 = | image_alt2 = | image_caption2 = | status = {{ubl|FAO (2007): endangered{{r|barb|p=109}}|DAD-IS (2022): at risk{{r|dad}}}} | features = | altname = {{ubl|{{langx|eu|{{noitalic|Nafarroako zaldiko}}}}|Poney Navarro|Caballo Navarro|Caballo Vasco-Navarro|Caballito de Andía|Caballito de las Améscoas|Caballito de la Barranca|Jaca de Montaña|Raza de Pamplona|Raza Pamplonica|Navarrese Horse}} | country = Spain | distribution = Navarre | standard = [http://aplicaciones.mapa.es/arca-webapp/descarga/fichero.html?nombre=Jaca%20Navarra_%20Orden%20Foral%20de%2011%20de%20julio%20de%202001.pdf&contentType=application/pdf Asociación de Criadores de Ganado Equino Jaca Navarra] | extinct = | use = {{hlist|draught|meat|conservation grazing}} | colour = | height = | male_height = Average: {{cvt|134|cm}}{{r|dad}} | female_height = Average: {{cvt|126|cm}}{{r|dad}} | weight = | male_weight = Average: {{cvt|475|kg}}{{r|dad}} | female_weight = Average: {{cvt|400|kg|abbr=on}}{{r|dad}} | note = }}
[[File:Nafar behoka 2.JPG|thumb|At the market of Ormaiztegi]] The '''Jaca Navarra''' ({{langx|eu|i=no|'''Nafarroako zaldiko'''}}), or '''Navarrese Horse,''' is a Spanish breed of small horse from the autonomous community of Navarre in the north-eastern part of the country.
== History ==
The origins of the Jaca Navarra are unknown; In 2013 it was listed in the Catálogo Oficial de Razas de Ganado de España in the group of autochthonous breeds in danger of extinction.{{r|mapa}} The total population of the Jaca Navarra has been variously estimated at 350 (in 1999),{{r|itg}} 250 (in 2000),{{r|cañon}} and 240 and decreasing (in 1997).{{r|fao|p=739}} In April 2011 the total population was reported to be 899, all of which were in Navarre.{{r|marm2}} In 2000, and again in 2007, it was listed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as endangered.{{r|fao|p=739|barb|p2=109}}
A breeders' association, the Asociación de Criadores de Ganado Equino Jaca Navarra, was formed in 1999,{{r|guia|p=478|itg}} and a stud-book opened in 2001.{{r|marm}} All but a few examples of the breed are kept in semi-feral conditions in a conservation and reference herd at the Sabaiza estate in {{ill|Uzquita|es}}, in the {{ill|comarca of Tafalla|es|comarca de Tafalla}}.{{r|itg}}
== Names ==
In Spanish, this breed is also known as the ''Poney Navarro'', ''Caballo Navarro'', ''Caballo Vasco-navarro'', ''Caballito de Andía'', ''Caballito de las Améscoas'' or ''Caballito de la Barranca'',{{r|mason|p=192|itg}} and was in the past also known as ''Jaca de Montaña'', ''Raza de Pamplona'' or ''Raza Pamplonica''.{{r|marm}}
The word ''jaca'' has an unusual history, from Old Spanish ''haca'', itself from Old French ''haque'', which in turn is ultimately derived from the English place-name Hackney, a place famous for its horses.{{r|rae}}
== Use ==
The Jaca Navarra may be used as a light draught horse. It is reared for meat, and may be used in conservation grazing.{{r|cabi|p=489}}
== References == {{reflist|45em|refs=
<ref name=barb>Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). [https://web.archive.org/web/20200623201209/http://www.fao.org/3/a1250e/annexes/List%20of%20breeds%20documented%20in%20the%20Global%20Databank%20for%20Animal%20Genetic%20Resources/List_breeds.pdf List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources], annex to [https://web.archive.org/web/20170110125634/http://www.fao.org/3/a-a1250e.pdf ''The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture'']. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9789251057629}}. Archived 23 June 2020.</ref>
<ref name=cabi>Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). [https://books.google.it/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ&hl=en ''Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding''] (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{isbn|9781780647944}}.</ref>
<ref name=cañon>J. Cañon, M.L. Checa, C. Carleos, J.L. Vega-Pla, M. Vallejo, S. Dunner (2000). [https://eds.p.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=1&sid=597cfacc-6496-4bb7-bfd8-df899581aac3%40redis The Genetic Structure of Spanish Celtic Horse Breeds Inferred from Microsatellite Data]. ''Animal Genetics''. '''31''' (1): 39–48. {{doi|10.1046/j.1365-2052.2000.00591.x}}</ref>
<ref name=dad>[https://dadis-breed-datasheet-ext-ws.firebaseapp.com/?country=ESP&specie=Horse&breed=Jaca%20Navarra&lang=en Breed data sheet: Jaca Navarra / Spain (Horse)]. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed December 2022.</ref>
<ref name=fao>Beate D. Scherf (editor) (2000). [https://www.fao.org/3/x8750e/x8750e.pdf ''World Watch List for Domestic Animal Diversity'']. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. {{isbn|9251045119}}.</ref>
<ref name=guia>Miguel Fernández Rodríguez, Mariano Gómez Fernández, Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo, Silvia Adán Belmonte, Miguel Jiménez Cabras (editors) (2009). ''Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas'' (in Spanish). Madrid: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino. {{isbn|9788449109461}}.</ref>
<ref name=itg>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110713064745/http://www.itgganadero.com/itg/portal/seccion.asp?S=3&P=17&N=79 Raza Jaca Navarra] (in Spanish). ITG Ganadero. Archived 13 July 2011.</ref>
<ref name=mapa>[https://archive.today/20130213044317/http://aplicaciones.mapa.es/arca-webapp/flujos.html?_flowId=razaCaballar-flow&_flowExecutionKey=e4s1 Ganaderia: Clasificación de Razas] (in Spanish). Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino. Archived 13 February 2013.</ref>
<ref name=marm>[https://archive.today/20110811144839/http://aplicaciones.mapa.es/arca-webapp/flujos.html?_flowId=catalogoRazas-flow&_flowExecutionKey=e2s1%231002 Ganaderia: Raza equino caballar Jaca Navarra] (in Spanish). Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino. Archived 11 August 2011.</ref>
<ref name=marm2>[https://archive.today/20110811144839/http://aplicaciones.mapa.es/arca-webapp/flujos.html?_flowId=catalogoRazas-flow&_flowExecutionKey=e2s1%231002 Ganaderia: Raza equino caballar Jaca Navarra: Datos Censales] (in Spanish). Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino. Archived 11 August 2011.</ref>
<ref name=mason>Valerie Porter, Ian Lauder Mason (2002). [https://archive.org/details/masonsworlddicti0000unse/page/88/mode/1up ''Mason's World Dictionary of Livestock Breeds, Types, and Varieties''] (fifth edition). Wallingford: CABI. {{isbn|085199430X}}.</ref>
<ref name=rae>[http://buscon.rae.es/draeI/SrvltConsulta?TIPO_BUS=3&LEMA=jaca Diccionario de la lengua española] (in Spanish). Real Academia Española. Accessed April 2011.</ref>
}}
== Further reading == {{commonscat}} {{refbegin}} * Alberto Pérez de Muniáin Ortigosa, Martín Villanueva Vergara, Satur Napal Lecumberri (2007). ''Nuestros caballos: la Jaca Navarra y el Burguete'' (in Spanish). Pamplona: Editorial Evidencia Médica. {{isbn|9788493486051}}. {{refend}}
{{Iberian horses}} {{Basque animal breeds}}
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