Ivan Spiridonov

{{Short description|Soviet statesman and party leader (1905–1991)}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Ivan Spiridonov | native_name_lang = ru | image = Spiridonov_I_V.jpg | image_upright = | alt = | caption = | order = | office = Chairman of the [[Soviet of the Union|Council of the Union of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]] | status =  | term_start = April 23, 1962 | term_end = June 14, 1970 | subterm = | suboffice = | alongside =  | monarch = | president = | governor_general = | taoiseach = | chancellor = | governor = | co-leader = | deputy = | lieutenant = | succeeding =  | constituency = | majority = | predecessor = [[Pavel Lobanov]] | successor = [[Alexey Shitikov]] | prior_term = | order2 =  | office2 = 8th First Secretary of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union | term_start2 = December 24, 1957 | term_end2 = May 3, 1962 | subterm2 =  | suboffice2 =  | alongside2 =  | monarch2 =  | president2 =  | governor_general2 =  | prime_minister2 =  | chancellor2 =  | taoiseach2 =  | governor2 =  | co-leader2 =  | vice_president2 =  | vice_prime_minister2 =  | deputy2 =  | lieutenant2 =  | succeeding2 =  | predecessor2 = [[Frol Kozlov]] | successor2 = [[Vasily Tolstikov]] | parliamentary_group2 =  | constituency2 =  | majority2 =  | prior_term2 =  | office3 = 12th First Secretary of the Leningrad City Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union | term_start3 = July 1956 | term_end3 = December 24, 1957 | predecessor3 = Ivan Zamchevsky | successor3 = Nikolay Rodionov | pronunciation = | birth_name = Ivan Vasilyevich Spiridonov | birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|10|23|df=y}} | birth_place = [[Lukoyanovsky Uyezd]], [[Nizhny Novgorod Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]] | death_date = {{Death date and age|1991|7|7|1905|10|23|df=y}} | death_place = [[Moscow]], [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]], [[Soviet Union]] | resting_place = [[Troyekurovskoye Cemetery]] | citizenship = | party = [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union|CPSU]] (since 1928) | other_party =  | height =  | partner =  | relations = | children = | parents =  | mother =  | father =  | relatives = | education = Leningrad Correspondence Industrial Institute | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = Engineer | known_for = | salary = | cabinet = | committees = | portfolio = | awards = {{Collapsible list |title=Orders |[[Order of Lenin]] |[[Order of the October Revolution]] |[[Order of the Patriotic War]] |[[Order of the Red Banner of Labour]] |[[Order of Friendship of Peoples]] |[[Order of the Badge of Honour]]}} {{Collapsible list |title=Medals |[[Medal "For Labour Valour"]]}} | blank1 = | data1 = | blank2 = | data2 = | blank3 = | data3 = | blank4 = | data4 = | blank5 = | data5 = | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | website =  | nickname = | allegiance = | branch = | rank = | unit = | commands = | battles = | mawards =  | military_blank1 = | military_data1 = | military_blank2 = | military_data2 = | military_blank3 = | military_data3 = | military_blank4 = | military_data4 = | military_blank5 = | military_data5 =  | module = | module2 = | module3 = | module4 = | module5 = | footnotes = | native_name = {{nobold|Иван Спиридонов}} }} '''Ivan Vasilyevich Spiridonov''' ({{Langx|ru|Иван Васильевич Спиридонов|links=no}}; 23 October 1905 – 7 July 1991) was a Soviet statesman and party leader. In 1954–1962, he was the First Secretary of the Leningrad City Committee, then the Regional Committee of the [[Communist Party of the Soviet Union]]. In 1959–1962 – Member of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union for the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. In 1962–1970 – Chairman of the [[Soviet of the Union|Council of the Union of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]].

==Early life and engineering career== He was born into a peasant family. Since 1925 – a mechanic, head of the [[Quality control|technical control department]] of the shop.<ref name=":0" /> In 1939, he graduated from the Leningrad Correspondence Industrial Institute.<ref name=":0">[http://www.hrono.ru/biograf/bio_s/spiridonov_iv.html Ivan Spiridonov. Encyclopedia Chronos]</ref> Since 1939, in engineering and technical positions, director of the [[Oreltekmash|Oryol Textile Machinery Plant]]. In 1941, the plant was evacuated to [[Kuznetsk]], Penza Region, was transformed into the Kuznetsk Textile Engineering Plant and redesigned to produce products for the Special Forces Missile Forces.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140417055427/http://opravda.ru/print.php?news.6116 Oryol Truth. Oryol Textile Machinery Plant]</ref> In 1944–1950, he was the director of the [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] Gosmetr Plant.

==Political career== In 1950–1952, he was Secretary of the Moscow District Committee of the All–Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of the city of Leningrad.<ref name=":0" />

In 1952, Spiridonov became Deputy Chairman of the Leningrad Regional Executive Committee, and in 1954, he took over as Secretary of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.<ref>[https://politike.ru/termin/spiridonov-ivan-vasilevich.html Ivan Spiridonov. Political Encyclopedia]</ref> In July 1956 – December 1957 – 1st Secretary of the Leningrad City Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

First Secretary of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from December 24, 1957, to May 3, 1962.<ref>[https://spbarchives.ru/infres/-/archive/cgaipd/guide/1004 Archives of Saint Petersburg. First Secretaries of the Leningrad Party Organization]</ref> Having taken the chair of the First Secretary of the Regional Committee after the departure of [[Frol Kozlov]], Spiridonov directed most of his efforts to housing construction. Under him, new standard designs of not very comfortable, but cheap houses ("[[Khrushchevka]]s") were developed, large construction trusts appeared, which switched to the method of complex development of entire residential areas. In the same period, through traffic was opened along the Moscow–Leningrad Highway. The scientific and technical base of Leningrad developed at a rapid pace. The construction of scientific campuses began in the districts of [[Pesochny, Saint Petersburg|Pesochny]], [[Krasnoye Selo]], [[Gatchina]], [[Kirovsk, Leningrad Oblast|Kirovsk]] and others. The development of fundamental scientific research contributed to the flourishing of the defense industry, whose enterprises began to determine the entire structure of the local industry and directly influence the rate of economic development of the region.

In 1961, at the [[22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]], as the head of the Leningrad delegation, he proposed the [[Death and state funeral of Joseph Stalin|removal of body]] of [[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]] from the [[Lenin's Mausoleum|Mausoleum]].<ref>[https://www.names52.ru/tpost/lar6b8ts01-spiridonov-ivan-vasilevich Ivan Spiridonov. Nizhny Novgorod Biographical Encyclopedia]</ref>

Member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (1961–1971). Member of the Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union for the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1959 – November 23, 1962). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union of the 5th–8th convocations.

Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from October 31, 1961, to April 23, 1962.

From April 23, 1962, to June 14, 1970 – Chairman of the [[Soviet of the Union|Council of the Union of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]].

==Retirement and death== He retired in July 1970. He died on July 7, 1991, in Moscow. He was buried at the [[Troyekurovskoye Cemetery]].

<gallery class="center" heights="200" widths="180"> Spiridonov_&_Hrustshov.jpeg|Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union [[Nikita Khrushchev]] (foreground right) and First Secretary of the Leningrad Regional Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Ivan Spiridonov (foreground left) congratulate the newlyweds Kirillovs at the Wedding Palace on the [[English Embankment|Red Fleet Embankment]], 28 </gallery>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==Sources== *{{cite book |title=Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, All–Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks), Russian Communist Party (Bolsheviks), Russian Social Democratic Labor Party (Bolsheviks): Historical and Biographical Reference |others=Compiled by Yuri Goryachev |location=Moscow |publisher=Publishing House "Parade" |year=2005 |isbn=5-8061-0062-6 |ref=Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union}} *[http://www.biografija.ru/show_bio.aspx?id=120762 Biography of Ivan Spiridonov on the Russian Biography Website]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Spiridonov, Ivan}} [[Category:1905 births]] [[Category:1991 deaths]] [[Category:Chairmen of the Soviet of the Union]] [[Category:Governors of Saint Petersburg]] [[Category:Members of the Secretariat of the 22nd Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Fifth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Sixth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Seventh convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:Eighth convocation members of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union]] [[Category:People from Lukoyanovsky Uyezd]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Badge of Honour]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Friendship of Peoples]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of Lenin]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of the October Revolution]] [[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour]] [[Category:Burials at Troyekurovskoye Cemetery]]