{{Use American English|date=June 2025}} {{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}} {{Infobox settlement |official_name = Isle La Motte |other_name = ''Île La Motte'' <small>(French)</small> |settlement_type = Town |nickname = |motto = |image_skyline = Isle La Motte and Mt Mansfield.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = The Head at the south end of Isle La Motte |image_flag = |image_seal = |image_map = Grand Isle County Vermont incorporated and unincorporated areas Isle La Motte highlighted.svg |mapsize = 200px |map_caption = Location in Grand Isle County and the state of Vermont <!-- Location --> |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = United States |subdivision_type1 = State |subdivision_name1 = Vermont |subdivision_type2 = County |subdivision_name2 = Grand Isle <!-- Government --> |established_title = |established_date = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |named_for = Pierre La Motte <!-- Area --> |unit_pref = Imperial |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 43.2 |area_land_km2 = 20.4 |area_water_km2 = 22.7 |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = <!-- Population --> |population_as_of = 2020 |population_total = 488 |population_footnotes = |population_density_km2 = 23.9 |population_density_sq_mi = <!-- General information --> |timezone = Eastern (EST) |utc_offset = −5 |timezone_DST = EDT |utc_offset_DST = −4 |elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/> |elevation_ft = 98 |coordinates = {{Coord|44|51|55|N|73|21|32|W|region:US-VT|display=it}} <!-- Area/postal codes and others --> |postal_code_type = ZIP Code |postal_code = 05463 |area_code = 802 |blank_name = FIPS code |blank_info = 50-35875<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 31, 2008|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref> |blank1_name = GNIS feature ID |blank1_info = 1462125<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|1462125}}</ref> |website = {{URL|islelamotte.us}} |footnotes = }}

'''Isle La Motte''' ({{langx|fr|Île La Motte}}) is an island in Lake Champlain in northwestern Vermont, United States. At 7&nbsp;mi (11&nbsp;km) by 2&nbsp;mi (3&nbsp;km), it lies close to the place that the lake empties into the Richelieu River. It is incorporated as a New England town in Grand Isle County. Its population was 488 at the 2020 census.<ref name="Census 2020">{{cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=0600000US5001335875| title=Census - Geography profile: Isle La Motte town, Grand Isle County, Vermont| publisher=United States Census Bureau| access-date=December 31, 2021}}</ref>

The island is named after a French soldier, Pierre La Motte, who built a military outpost on the island in 1666. The island's population significantly increases in the summer months. The island is the site of Fort Sainte Anne, Saint Anne's Shrine, the Methodist Episcopal Church of Isle La Motte, the Fisk Quarry and Goodsell Ridge Preserves,<ref name=ilmpt>{{cite web| title=Welcome to the Isle La Motte Preservation Trust!| url=http://www.ilmpt.org/ilmpt/Welcome_to_Isle_La_Motte_Preservation_Trust.html| website=Isle La Motte Preservation Trust| access-date=June 28, 2015}}</ref> the Isle La Motte Elementary School,<ref>{{cite web| title=Isle La Motte Elementary School| url=http://www.gisu.org/islelamotte/| access-date=June 28, 2015| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170520144708/http://www.gisu.org/islelamotte/| archive-date=May 20, 2017| url-status=dead}}</ref> and the Isle La Motte Lighthouse.<ref name=lighthouse>{{cite web| title=Isle La Motte, VT| url=http://www.lighthousefriends.com/light.asp?ID=669| website=lighthousefriends.com| access-date=June 28, 2015}}</ref>

==History== thumb|left|Map of Fort Sainte-Anne and other forts on the Richelieu River, {{circa|1666}} thumb|left|upright|Statue of Champlain and guide on Isle La Motte

On July 9, 1609, Samuel de Champlain disembarked on the island.<ref name="firstcommissionreport">{{cite news| title =1st Report of the 1909 Champlain Tercentenary Celebration Commission| publisher =Hudson River Maritime Museum| date =March 23, 1908| url =http://www.hrmm.org/quad/1909champlain/1streport.html| access-date =April 15, 2007| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070927120127/http://www.hrmm.org/quad/1909champlain/1streport.html| archive-date =September 27, 2007}}</ref>

In 1665, the French began building a series of forts along the Richelieu River to protect New France from the Iroquois.<ref>{{cite book | author = Hahn, Michael |title = Vintage Cabin Fever: First Vermont Winter for Europeans | publisher = Northland Journal |date=February 2007}}</ref> From north to south these were Fort Richelieu, Fort Chambly, and Fort Sainte Thérèse.

Four companies of the Carignan-Salières Regiment were sent from Quebec City to extend these forts further south, under Captain Pierre La Motte.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9V1IAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA166 | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=166}}</ref> They built a trail connecting Fort Sainte Thérèse and Fort Saint-Louis (Chambly).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://habitantheritage.org/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/GL_Timeline_-_Part_4_-_July_1663_-1668.2732922.pdf |title=French-Canadian Exploration, Missionary Work, and Fur Trading in Hudson Bay, the Great Lakes,... |publisher=The French-Canadian Heritage Society of Michigan |access-date=June 28, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630160203/http://habitantheritage.org/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/GL_Timeline_-_Part_4_-_July_1663_-1668.2732922.pdf |archive-date=June 30, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1666, Fort Saint-Jean and the farthest south Fort Sainte Anne on Isle La Motte were added.<ref>{{cite book | author =Boréal Express|title = Canada.Québec | publisher = Éditions du Renouveau Pédagogique Inc.| year = 1977}}</ref> The fort included Saint Anne's Shrine. Both the fort and chapel were dedicated to Saint Anne. In 1668, the bishop of Quebec, François de Laval, came to Isle La Motte to baptise a number of Iroquois to Christianity. Even after the abandonment of the fort, the shrine continued to give mass to worshipers. The fort was the first European settlement in what is now Vermont.<ref name="hideawayislands">{{cite news |last = Shulevitz |first = Judith |title = Champlain's Hideaway Islands |newspaper = New York Times |date = August 5, 1990 |url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE1DB1539F936A3575BC0A966958260&sec=travel&spon=&pagewanted=1 |access-date = April 15, 2007}}</ref>

Fort Saint Anne was the one most vulnerable to attack. The fort was garrisoned by about 300 French soldiers over the next four years, and the troops were then pulled back to Québec after they had destroyed the fort.

In 1746, a party of Mohawks under Hendrick Theyanoguin, returning from a conference with the Governor of New France in Montreal, attacked a group of Frenchmen at Isle La Motte before returning to Albany. The incident was followed by Mohawk raids along the St. Lawrence River in 1747.<ref>Hamilton, Milton W. (1974). "Theyanoguin". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography''. Vol. III: ''1741–1770'' (online ed.). University of Toronto Press. Retrieved August 1, 2022.</ref>

In the mid-1800s, orchards, vineyards, and dairy farms flourished on the island, which was then connected to the mainland by ferry during the warmer months and by foot or wagon over the ice in winter. In November 1802, Isle La Motte was renamed to "Vineyard," but the original name was restored in November 1830.<ref>{{cite web |title=History of Franklin and Grand Isle Counties, Vermont: With illustrations and biographical sketches of some of the prominent men and pioneers. |url=https://archive.org/stream/cu31924028837544#page/n115/ |page=113}}</ref>

In 1878, the town was incorporated for the sole purpose of building a bridge to Alburgh that was completed in 1882.<ref>{{cite web| title=Town of Isle La Motte, Vermont 05463| url=http://islelamotte.us/| publisher=Town of Isle La Motte, Vermont 05463| access-date=June 28, 2015}}</ref>

Fisk Farm was the site at which the Vermont Fish and Game League was addressed in August 1897 by President William McKinley and in September 1901 by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt, who had learned of the shooting of McKinley, who later died.

==Geology and quarrying== The island, along with Valcour Island south of Plattsburgh, was formed 480 million years ago as a reef during the Ordovician Period in a shallow tropical sea, near where Morocco is today. At that time there was no life on dry land except for a few primitive plants such as mosses and algae. Almost all of life was in the oceans. Carbon dioxide levels were 14–16 times higher than today, with high sea levels covering much of the continents, which were mostly located south of the equator.<ref name="ilmpt" /> The stromatoporoid patch reef, one of the oldest known metazoan reefs, originally stretched a thousand miles from what is now Quebec to Tennessee, but only a few remnants remain today.<ref name=ilmpt/> The island's fossil reefs are part of the Chazy Fossil Reef, a National Natural Landmark dedicated in 2009.<ref name=NPS_NNL>{{cite web |url=https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nnlandmarks/site.htm?Site=CHFO-VT |title=Chazy Fossil Reef |website=National Natural Landmarks Program |date=June 28, 2012 |publisher=National Park Service |access-date=September 16, 2016 |archive-date=September 6, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906122740/http://www.nature.nps.gov/nnl/site.cfm?Site=CHFO-VT |url-status=live }}</ref>

Reef builders during this period in earth history were principally bryozoa, stromatolites, stromatoporoids, sponges, and algae. Other marine life included cephalopods, gastropods, crinoids, and trilobites. Today fossil gastropods (snails) can be seen at the abandoned quarries.

Black limestone from the Chazy Formation was quarried on the island. The oldest quarry behind Fisk Farm<ref name="smithsonian">{{cite web|last =Teresi|first =Dick|title = Paleozoic Vermont|work =p. 26|publisher =Smithsonian Magazine|date=January 2007|url =http://www.smithsonianmag.com/issues/2007/january/phenom.php| access-date = April 15, 2007}}</ref> started as early as 1832.

The limestone is composed of calcite and fossils of marine creatures. It is so dark in appearance that it was marketed in the 18th and 19th century as "black marble" and was used for the construction of the U.S. Capitol building and the National Gallery of Art. Structures made of the stone still visible on the island are the Isle La Motte Public Library, the Isle La Motte Methodist Church, Isle La Motte Historical Society (formerly the South Stone School House), ruins of the Fisk House at Fisk Farm, and the original Fisk House.

==Demographics== {{US Census population |1800= 135 |1810= 623 |1820= 312 |1830= 459 |1840= 435 |1850= 476 |1860= 564 |1870= 497 |1880= 505 |1890= 551 |1900= 608 |1910= 510 |1920= 385 |1930= 352 |1940= 335 |1950= 295 |1960= 238 |1970= 262 |1980= 393 |1990= 408 |2000= 488 |2010= 471 |2020= 488 |footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html |title=Census of Population and Housing |publisher=Census.gov |access-date=June 4, 2015 }}</ref> }}

The town has a total area of {{convert|43.2|sqkm|order=flip}}, of which {{convert|20.4|sqkm|order=flip}} are land (the area of the island) and {{convert|22.7|sqkm|order=flip}}, or 52.68% of the town, are water.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web| url=http://factfinder2.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/G001/0600000US5001335875| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Isle La Motte town, Grand Isle County, Vermont| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=March 28, 2017}}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> Data for the town from the 2010 census:<ref>{{cite web| url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/SF1DP1/0600000US5001335875| title=Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (DP-1): Isle La Motte town, Grand Isle County, Vermont| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=March 28, 2017| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213235022/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/SF1DP1/0600000US5001335875| archive-date=February 13, 2020| url-status=dead}}</ref>

* Residential population: 471 * Families: 133, average size 2.77 * Population density: 59.5 per square mile (23.1/km<sup>2</sup>) * Housing units: 454 at an average density of 57.5 per square mile (22.3/km<sup>2</sup>) * Self-declared race: 92.6% White, 0.8% Black, 0.8% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 0.2% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, 0.6% some other race, and 4.5% from two or more races. 0.8% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. * Households: 204, of which 27.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were headed by married couples, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.8% were non-families. 28.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.9% were someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31. * Demographics: the median age was 45.6 years. 20.4% of the population were under the age of 18, 5.5% were from 18 to 24, 23.1% were from 25 to 44, 37.0% were from 45 to 64, and 14.0% were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females, there were 97.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.5 males. * Income: For the period 2011–2015, the per capita income for the town was $24,728. 6.3% of families and 7.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.4% of those under age 18 and 10.5% of those age 65 or over. The median annual income for a household in the town was $49,167, and the median income for a family was $51,500. Male full-time workers had a median income of $46,750 versus $34,792 for females.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP03/0600000US5001335875| title=Selected Economic Characteristics: 2011-2015 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates (DP03): Isle La Motte town, Grand Isle County, Vermont| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder| access-date=March 28, 2017| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213161711/https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/15_5YR/DP03/0600000US5001335875| archive-date=February 13, 2020| url-status=dead}}</ref> * Transportation: The city is served by nearby Burlington International Airport and Plattsburgh International Airport. {{clear}}

==References== {{Reflist|30em}}

==External links== * [http://islelamotte.us/ Town of Isle La Motte official website]

{{Grand Isle County, Vermont}} {{authority control}}

Category:Isle La Motte, Vermont Category:1666 establishments in the French colonial empire Category:Burlington metropolitan area, Vermont Category:Islands of Grand Isle County, Vermont Category:Islands of Lake Champlain Category:Lake islands of Vermont Category:Towns in Grand Isle County, Vermont Category:Towns in Vermont