{{short description|Ottoman governor and soldier}} {{Infobox military person | honorific_prefix = | name = Ishak Bey Hranić | honorific_suffix = | native_name = | native_name_lang = | image = Гробот на Исхак-бег 2 (2016).jpeg | image_size = 180px | alt = | caption = The grave of Ishak Bey in Skopje | birth_date = | death_date = 1457 | birth_place = | death_place = | burial_place = Üsküp (today Skopje, modern-day North Macedonia) | burial_label = Place of burial | burial_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} --> | nickname = | birth_name = | allegiance = Ottoman Empire | branch = | service_years = 15th century | rank = Sanjak-bey | service_number = | unit = | commands = | battles = * Siege of Thessalonica (1422–30) * Albanian Revolt of 1432–1436 *Battle of Smederevo (1441) * Siege of Novo Brdo (1440-1441) * Battle of Niš * Siege of Berat (1455) * Siege of Novo Brdo (1455) * Battle of Albulena | battles_label = | awards = | relations = | other_work = | signature = | website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} --> }} '''Ishak Bey''' or '''Ishak-Beg''', also known as '''Ishak-Beg Hranić''', was an Ottoman governor and soldier of Bosnian origin who served as the sanjakbey of Üsküb from 1415 to 1439.<ref name="Fine1994">{{cite book|last=Fine|first=John Van Antwerp|title=The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LvVbRrH1QBgC&pg=PA468|access-date=1 August 2012|date=1994-06-15|publisher=University of Michigan Press|isbn=9780472082605|page=468}}</ref>
== Biography == According to some sources he was a member of the Bosnian Hranušić family, released slave and adopted son of Pasha Yiğit Bey.<ref>{{cite book|last=Mandić|first=Dominik|title=Bosna i Hercegovina: povjesno-kritička istraživanja|year=1978|publisher=ZIRAL, Zajednica izdanja ranjeni labud|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ekrvAAAAMAAJ&q=skopski+sand%C5%BEak|access-date=29 May 2011|quote=Ishak beg, sandžak Skopski 1414-1439, nije bio rođeni sin svoga predšasnika Yigit Paše, skopskoga sandžaka, nego njegov oslobođeni rob i posinak. Na osnovu nekih izjava Isa bega, sina Ishak begova, Ć. Truhelka postavio je tezu da je Ishak beg bio rodom Hranušić}}</ref> It is very possible that in the spirit of the customs of the time, his brother Sandalj Hranić sent him to the sultan's court as a political and diplomatic move as a sign of loyalty to the emperor.<ref>Amir Isajbegović, [https://digitalna-nsk.eindigo.net/?pr=i&id=629694 Kuća onih što sade dud - rekonstrukcija], Zagreb 2022. ISBN 978-953-49425-0-5</ref> His biological father was Hrana Vuković, his full name is Ishak Bey Hranić and according to whom Ishak's most famous son Isa Bey, along with his father's and grandfather's patronymic, will be - Isa Bey Ishaković Hranušić.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Emecen |first=Feridun |url=https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/ishak-bey--murad-ii |title=Ishak bey - Osmanlı uç beyi |publisher=TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi |year=2000 |location=Istanbul |pages=524,525 |language=Turkish}}</ref> Ishak Bey is the founder of the Ottoman branch of the aristocratic Bosnian Kosača - Isabegović<ref>* Amir Isajbegović, [https://digitalna-nsk.eindigo.net/?pr=i&id=629694 Kuća onih što sade dud - rekonstrukcija], Zagreb 2022. ISBN 978-953-49425-0-5</ref> family.
Ishak was appointed ruler by Porte at the time of the conquest of Foča, Čajniče, Pljevlja and Nevesinje in today's Bosnia and Herzegovina.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}
In 1420 Ishak Bey organized a successful private campaign in Bosnia to support his brother's struggle against his enemies.<ref>{{Citation |last= M. Bešić |first= Zarij |title=Istorija Crne Gore / 2. Crna gora u doba oblasnih gospodara. |url=https://www.scribd.com/doc/82440321/Grupa-Autora-Istorija-Crne-Gore-2-tom-2 |year=1970 |publisher= Redakcija za istoiju Crne Gore |location= Titograd |language= sr |oclc=175122851 |page=123 |quote=Већ сљедеће године кренуо је скопски намјесник Исхак у Босну да сатре Сандаљеве противнике, које је подржавао босански краљ.Ништа он није ни могао предузети против Сандаљевог пасторка и вјерног султановог харачара Балше III. }}</ref> He executed Sandalj's opponent Petar Pavlovic and then Ishak Bey divided conquered territory with Sandalj.
In attempt to relieve Ottoman pressure during the Siege of Thessalonica Venice inspired Gjon Kastrioti to rebel against Ottomans in 1428. After Ottomans captured Thessalonica in April 1430 their forces led by Ishak bey captured most of Gjon's land. He positioned Ottoman garrison in two Gjon's castles and destroyed rest of them. In December 1434 during an Albanian revolt he marched in south-central Albania but was defeated by Gjergj Arianiti. Contemporary sources from the senate of Ragusa mention that many Ottoman soldiers were captured, while Ishak Bey escaped with a small group.<ref name="akademia">{{cite book|last1=Anamali|first1=Skënder|last2=Korkuti|first2=Muzafer|last3=Islami|first3=Selim|author4=Frano Prendi |author5=Edi Shukriu|editor=Kristaq Prifti, Muzafer Korkuti|title=Historia e popullit shqiptar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UlUtAQAAIAAJ|page=337|access-date=31 July 2012|year=2002|publisher=Botimet Toena|isbn=9789992716229}}</ref>
In 1439, when he was returning from his trip to Mecca, he was ordered by the sultan to join forces of Şihabeddin Pasha and besiege Novo Brdo, important fortified mining town of Serbian Despotate. On 6 August 1439 the Ottoman forces under Ishak-Beg defeated forces of Serbian Despotate in a battle fought near Novo Brdo.<ref>{{cite book|last=Jefferson|first=John|title=The Holy Wars of King Wladislas and Sultan Murad: The Ottoman-Christian Conflict from 1438-1444|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FpvqWWpUYSoC&pg=PA165|date=17 August 2012|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-90-04-21904-5|page=165}}</ref> In November 1443 he commanded one of Ottoman armies during the Battle of Niš which ended with Ottoman defeat.<ref>{{Citation|last=Babinger|first=Franz|title=Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PPxC6rO7vvsC&q=battle+of+Zlatitsa&pg=PA25|quote= The combined host met Ottoman forces first on November 3, 1443, between the castle of Bolvan (near Aleksinac) and the city of Niš. Here Kasim Bey, then governor of Rumelia, Ishak Bey and other standard bearers were defeated.|year=1992|page=25|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-01078-6}}</ref>
Sultan appointed Himmetizade Nesuh Bey to be the new ruler of Bosansko Krajište in period between 1439 and 1454 when Isa-Beg Ishaković, Ishak Bey's son and ruler of Skopsko Krajište took over control over Bosansko Krajište also for period 1454—1463. His grandson Gazi Mehmed Bey Isabegović aka Čelebi was sanjak-bey of Bosnian Sanjak in period 1484–1485 and sanjak-bey of Sanjak of Herzegovina in period 1507-1510 and 1513-1515.<ref>{{Citation |last= Truhelka |first= dr.Ćiro |title=Tursko-slovjenski spomenici dubrovačke arhive |year=1911 |publisher= Glasnik Zemaljskog Muzeja u BiH |location= Sarajevo |language= bs |page=446 |quote=Ovaj sandžak bio je sin glasovitog Isabega Isabegovića, koji je pod imenom Mehmed-Čelebija bio gospodar Pavlovića zemlje (1466.—1468.) Iza očeve smrti izgubismo mu trag a nakon 40 godina tek sretamo ga u Hercegovini kao sandžaka 16. maja 1507. spominje se u dubrovačkim zapisnicama Mehmedbeg Isabegović u savezu sa jednom kaznenom stvari. }}</ref>
He built the Ishak Bey Mosque in Skopje, where his tomb is also located.
==Family tree== Per Franz Babinger in the ''Encyclopedia of Islam'':<ref name="EI">{{cite encyclopedia | article=Turakhān Beg| first = Franz | last = Babinger | author-link=Franz Babinger | encyclopedia = E.J. Brill's first encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, Volume VIII | editor-first = Martijn Theodoor | editor-last = Houtsma | publisher = BRILL | location = Leiden | year = 1987 | orig-year=1936 | isbn = 90-04-09794-5 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ro--tXw_hxMC&pg=PA876 | pages = 876–878}}</ref>
{{tree chart/start}} {{tree chart| | | | | YIGIT | | | | | YIGIT=Pasha Yiğit Bey}} {{tree chart| | | | | |!| | | | | | | }} {{tree chart| | ISHAK |-|^|-| TURAHAN | | ISHAK=Ishak Bey |TURAHAN=Turahan Bey}} {{tree chart| | |!| | | | | |!}} {{tree chart| |ISA| | AHMED|^|OMER| | | | | ISA=Isa Bey Ishaković |AHMED=Ahmed Bey |OMER=Ömer Bey}} {{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | |!}} {{tree chart| | | | | | | |HASAN|^|IDRIS | HASAN=Hasan Bey | IDRIS=Idris Bey}} {{tree chart/end}}
Per Amir Isajbegović in the "Kuća onih što sade dud - rekonstrukcija"<ref>Amir Isajbegović, [https://digitalna-nsk.eindigo.net/?pr=i&id=629694 Kuća onih što sade dud - rekonstrukcija], Zagreb 2022. pp. 66 ISBN 978-953-49425-0-5</ref>
left|thumb|480x480px|Ishak bey Hranic family tree
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<br> ==Notes== {{Cnote2 Begin|liststyle=upper-alpha}} {{Cnote2|A|Adopted by Pasha Jigit Bey, Ishak Beg Hranić was of Bosnian origin and member of Kosača family.}} {{Cnote2 End}} <br> <br>
== References == {{reflist}}
{{s-start}} {{s-bef| before=Pasha Yiğit Bey}} {{s-ttl| title=Ottoman governor of the Üsküb frontier| years=1415–1439}} {{s-aft| after=Himmetizade Nesuh Bey}} {{s-end}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ishak Bey}} Category:14th-century births Category:14th-century Ottoman military personnel Category:15th-century Ottoman military personnel Category:Medieval Bosnian nobility Category:Ottoman Bosnian nobility Category:Muslims of the Crusade of Varna Category:Bosnian Muslims from the Ottoman Empire Category:People from the Ottoman Empire of Bosnian descent Category:Year of death unknown Category:Hranić noble family