{{Short description|Ukrainian politician (1884–1952)}} {{Family name hatnote|Prokhorovych|Mazepa|lang=Eastern Slavic}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Isaak Mazepa | native_name = {{nobold|Ісаак Мазепа}} | native_name_lang = uk | image = Mazepa Isaak.jpg | caption = | office = 6th Chairman of the Council of People's Ministers of Ukraine | president = | term_start = 27 August 1919 | term_end = 26 May 1920 | predecessor = Borys Martos | successor = Vyacheslav Prokopovych | president2 = | term_start2 = | term_end2 = | predecessor2 = | successor2 = | birth_name = {{transliteration|uk|ukrainian|Isaak Prokhorovych Mazepa}} | birth_date = {{Birth date|1884|8|16|df=yes}} | birth_place = Kostobobriv, Novgorod-Seversky Uyezd, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire (now Novhorod-Siverskyi Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine) | death_date = {{death date and age|1952|3|18|1884|8|16|df=yes}} | death_place = Augsburg, West Germany | party = USDRP (1905) | other_party = RUP | spouse = Natalia Synhalevych-Mazepa | occupation = Politician/Scientist/Pedagogue | children = Halyna Mazepa-Koval | alma_mater = Saint Petersburg University (1910) | website = }} {{Infobox noble|type | name = Isaak Mazepa | CoA = Kurcz Coat of Arms 150px | more = no | noble family = Mazepa | house-type = }} '''Isaak Prokhorovych Mazepa''' ({{langx|uk|Ісаак Прохорович Мазепа}}; 16 August 1884 – 18 March 1952) was a Ukrainian politician. He was the Head of the Government of Ukrainian People's Republic from August 1919 to May 1920, and one of the central figures of the 1917 Ukrainian revolution.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Isaaк Mazepa. At the Head of the Executive Committee of the Ukrainian National Rada|url=https://szru.gov.ua/history/stories/isaa-mazepa-at-the-head-of-the-executive-committee-of-the-ukrainian-national-rada|access-date=2021-09-06|website=szru.gov.ua|language=en|archive-date=6 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210906161956/https://szru.gov.ua/history/stories/isaa-mazepa-at-the-head-of-the-executive-committee-of-the-ukrainian-national-rada|url-status=dead}}</ref>
== Early life and education == Isaak Mazepa was born on 16 August 1884 in Kostobobriv village, Chernihiv province, Russian Empire.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|date=2009-08-09|title=Мазепа-2 {{!}} Хайвей|language=uk-UA|work=Хайвей|url=https://h.ua/story/217747/|access-date=2021-09-06|archive-date=17 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181017173712/http://h.ua/story/217747|url-status=dead}}</ref> His father, Prokhor Mazepa, was a burgher of Cossack origin.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last1=МАКОВИЦЬКА|first1=Світлана|last2=ДОВГАЛЬ|first2=Сергій|date=18 August 2004|title=Соціалістичні стежки Ісаака Мазепи|url=http://umoloda.kiev.ua/number/246/163/8770//fb|access-date=2021-09-06|website=Україна Молода|language=uk}}</ref> He send his son to study at the Novgorod-Siversky Bursa, and later at the Chernihiv Theological Seminary, where Mazepa first got acquainted with the works of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and received a reputation of a Social Democrat.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Половець|first=Володимир|title=ІСАК ПРОХОРОВИЧ МАЗЕПА (1884 – 1952)|url=http://dspace.nbuv.gov.ua/bitstream/handle/123456789/129763/13-Polovets.pdf?sequence=1|journal=Сіверянський літопис|pages=149–155}}</ref> However Mazepa did not want to become a priest and began to prepare for admission to the Faculty of Natural Sciences of St. Petersburg University.<ref name=":0" /> In 1904, he entered St. Petersburg University.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|title=МАЗЕПА|url=https://leksika.com.ua/12800528/legal/mazepa|access-date=2021-09-06|website=leksika.com.ua}}</ref>
From 1905, Mazepa was a member of the Revolutionary Ukrainian Party, and from 1906 a member of the Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party (USDRP).<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|last=Осташко|first=Т.С.|url=http://resource.history.org.ua/cgi-bin/eiu/history.exe?&I21DBN=EIU&P21DBN=EIU&S21STN=1&S21REF=10&S21FMT=eiu_all&C21COM=S&S21CNR=20&S21P01=0&S21P02=0&S21P03=TRN=&S21COLORTERMS=0&S21STR=Mazepa_I_P|title=Енциклопедія історії України, МАЗЕПА Ісаак Прохорович|publisher=Наукова думка|year=2009|volume=6}}</ref> As the most active member of the party, he was delegated to Kyiv in 1907 to participate in an illegal congress of the USDRP from the St. Petersburg organization.<ref name=":1" /> In 1910, Mazepa graduated from St. Petersburg University.<ref name=":1" />
== Work == In 1911–1915, he worked as an agronomist in zemstvo institutions of the Nizhny Novgorod province.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Історія України. Довідник|url=http://history.franko.lviv.ua/IIm.htm|url-status=dead|access-date=2021-09-06|website=history.franko.lviv.ua|archive-date=2007-05-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070526103259/http://history.franko.lviv.ua/IIm.htm}}</ref> In 1915, Mazepa moved to Katerynoslav (now Dnipro, Ukraine) working in the provincial food committee. At the same time, he established contacts with the local illegal USDRP organization, which launched extensive anti-war propaganda.<ref name=":2" />
== Revolutionary activity == After the February Revolution of 1917 in Russia Mazepa was a member of the Katerynoslav City Duma and the Katerynoslav Council of Workers 'and Peasants' Deputies, and in April 1918 he headed the Katerynoslav Provincial Revolutionary Council.<ref name=":3" /> In October 1918 he was arrested for editing a newspaper ''Nashe Slovo'', but soon was released.<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|title=Мазепа Ісаак Прохорович — Енциклопедія Сучасної України|url=https://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=60338|access-date=2021-09-06|website=esu.com.ua}}</ref> In January 1919, Mazepa was a deputy of the Labor Congress of Ukraine, and from April 1919 he was the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Ukrainian People's Republic in the government of Borys Martos.<ref name=":4" />
From August 27, 1919, to May 25, 1920, Mazepa was a Chairman of the Council of People's Ministers of the Ukrainian People's Republic.<ref name=":3" /> In May–June 1920, he was a Minister of Land Affairs of the UPR.<ref name=":2" /> He took part in the First Winter Campaign 1919-20 within the Winter Campaigns of the Army of the Ukrainian People's Republic in 1919-20 and 1921.<ref name=":5" />
== In exile == From 1920 Mazepa lived in exile in Lviv, where he edited the USDRP newspaper ''The'' ''Free Ukraine'' and the magazine ''Socialist Though''t.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Smele|first=Jonathan D.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QwquCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA729|title=Historical Dictionary of the Russian Civil Wars, 1916-1926|date=2015-11-19|publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|isbn=978-1-4422-5281-3|pages=729|language=en}}</ref>
In 1923, he moved to Czechoslovakia.<ref name=":0" /> From 1927 he was an associate professor at the Ukrainian Academy of Economics in Podebrady and worked at the Ukrainian Institute of Sociology.<ref name=":2" /> During the interwar period he was one of the leading figures of the USDRP Foreign Delegation. He defended Ukrainian interests at many social democratic conferences, was a member of the executive committee of the Labour and Socialist Internationals.<ref name=":3" />
After the wife's death, Mazepa decided to move to Austria and Germany.<ref name=":5" /> From October 1946 he was a professor at the Ukrainian Technical and Economic Institute in Munich.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Скрипник|first=Александр|date=28 July 2021|title=Исаак Мазепа. В огне и буре национально-освободительной борьбы|language=ru|work=День|url=https://day.kyiv.ua/ru/article/politika-istoriya-i-ya/isaak-mazepa-v-ogne-i-bure-nacionalno-osvoboditelnoy-borby|access-date=6 September 2021}}</ref> In 1948, he was one of the co-organizers of the Ukrainian National Council in exile and was elected the first chairman of the Executive Body of the UN Council (until January 1952).<ref name=":3" /> In 1950 Mazepa became the founder of the Ukrainian Socialist Party.<ref name=":6" />
Mazepa is the author of works/articles like ''Bolshevism and the Occupation of Ukraine'' (1922), ''The Foundations of Our Revival'' (1946).<ref name=":5" />
Isaak Mazepa died on 18 March 1952 in Augsburg, Germany.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Viatrovych|first1=Volodymyr|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g39-DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36|title=100 YEARS OF STRUGGLE: THE UKRAINIAN REVOLUTION 1917-1921|last2=Faizulin|first2=Yaroslav|last3=Yaremenko|first3=Victoria|last4=Mayorov|first4=Maxym|last5=Ohiienko|first5=Vitalii|last6=Khromov|first6=Anatoliy|publisher=Український інститут національної пам’яті.|pages=36|language=en}}</ref>
== Personal life == Being a student of St. Petersburg University Mazepa was acquainted with a student of the Medical Women's Institute Natalia Singalevich, also a member of the USDRP.<ref name=":2" /> Soon they got married, and in 1910 their daughter Halyna Mazepa was born.<ref name=":0" /> She became an artist. In 1945 Mazepa's wife Natalia Singalevich and two of their grandchildren tragically died during a raid on Prague by American aircraft.<ref name=":0" />
== Works (selected) ==
* ''Bolshevism and the occupation of Ukraine'', Lviv, 1922. - 156 p. * ''The created state (the struggle of 1919)'', Collection of memory of Symon Petliura (1879-1926), Prague, 1930. - P. 16–76. * ''From my St. Petersburg memories'', Dnipro, 1938. - P. 17-25 * ''Foundations of our revival'', New Ulm: ed. Prometheus, 1946 * ''Ukraine in the fire and storm of the revolution of 1917–1921'' .- Vol. I: Central Council - Hetmanate, Directory. Prague: "Breakthrough", 1942; New Ulm: "Prometheus", 1950-210 p.
==References== {{reflist}}
{{Prime Ministers of Ukraine}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mazepa, Isaak}} Category:1884 births Category:1952 deaths Category:People from Chernihiv Oblast Category:People from Novgorod-Seversky Uyezd Isaak Category:Ukrainian people in the Russian Empire Category:Revolutionary Ukrainian Party politicians Category:Ukrainian Social Democratic Labour Party politicians Category:Prime ministers of the Ukrainian People's Republic Category:Land cultivation ministers of Ukraine Category:Ukrainian agronomists Category:Ukrainian emigrants to Germany Category:Heads of government of Ukraine in exile