Isaac D. Barnard

{{Short description|American politician (1791–1834)}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = | name = Isaac D. Barnard | honorific_suffix = | image = Isaac Barnard.jpg | image_size = | jr/sr1 = Junior | state1 = Pennsylvania | term_start1 = March 4, 1827 | term_end1 = December 6, 1831 | preceded1 = William Findlay | succeeded1 = George M. Dallas | state_senate2 = Pennsylvania | district2 = 4th | term_start2 = {{start date|1820}} | term_end2 = {{end date|1826}} | predecessor2 = Edward Coleman | successor2 = Joshua Hunt | birth_date = {{birth date|1791|7|18}} | birth_place = Aston Township, Pennsylvania | death_date = {{death date and age|1834|2|28|1791|7|18}} | death_place = West Chester, Pennsylvania | resting_place = Oaklands Cemetery | resting_place_coordinates = | birth_name = Isaac Dutton Barnard | party = | other_party =  | spouse = | partner =  | relations = | children = | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = Lawyer | cabinet = | committees = Committee on Militia | portfolio = | signature = | website = | footnotes = | blank1 = | data1 = | blank2 = | data2 = | blank3 = | data3 = | blank4 = | data4 = | blank5 = | data5 =  | nickname = | allegiance = {{flag|United States|1814}} | branch = {{army|United States|1795}}<br />Militia | service_years = | rank = {{Dodseal|USAO8|25}} Major general | unit = Fourteenth Regiment, United States Infantry | commands = | battles = War of 1812 | awards = | military_blank1 = | military_data1 = | military_blank2 = | military_data2 = | military_blank3 = | military_data3 = | military_blank4 = | military_data4 = | military_blank5 = | military_data5 = }} '''Isaac Dutton Barnard''' (July 18, 1791{{spaced ndash}}February 28, 1834) was an American militia leader, lawyer, and politician who served as a United States Senator for Pennsylvania from 1827 to 1831. He served as a Major in the U.S. Army during the War of 1812 and as a Pennsylvania State Senator for the 4th district from 1820 until 1826.

==Early life and education== Barnard was born is Aston Township, Pennsylvania<ref name=PASenateBio/> to James and Susanna Dutton Barnard.<ref name=CCHS>{{cite web |title=Isaac Dutton Barnard Papers |url=http://www.chestercohistorical.org/isaac-dutton-barnard-papers |website=www.chestercohistorical.org |access-date=4 June 2019}}</ref> The family name is derived from Roche-Bernard in Normandy, France where the family originated. Barnard's great-grandfather, Richard emigrated to Chester County, Pennsylvania prior to 1686.{{sfn|Wiley|1893|p=204}}

Barnard worked as a scholar at several public schools. He lived in Philadelphia until 1811 and then moved to Chester, Pennsylvania.<ref name=CongressBio>{{cite web |title=BARNARD, Isaac Dutton, (1791-1834) |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000154 |website=www.bioguide.congress.gov |access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref>

==Military career== At age 20, Barnard received a commission as Captain of the Fourteenth Regiment, United States Infantry. He opened a recruitment station in West Chester, Pennsylvania. He fought in the War of 1812 and saw action at Baltimore, Sackett's Creek, the Canadien Frontier, Fort George, La Cole's Mill, the battle of Crysler's Farm, the Battle of Plattsburgh and Lyon's Creek.<ref name=PASenateBio/> At Fort George, he was promoted from captain to major in the same unit for meritorious service.{{sfn|Wiley|1893|p=204}}

He served as a Major General of the Pennsylvania State Militia.<ref name=CCHS/>

==Political career== After the war ended he resumed his legal studies,<ref name=CongressBio/> and was admitted to the bar on May 1, 1816.{{sfn|Wiley|1893|p=204}} He began practicing law in West Chester.<ref name=CongressBio/> Barnard was the deputy attorney general for Chester County from 1817 to 1821,{{sfn|Wiley|1893|p=105}} and an Assistant Burgess in the government of the borough of West Chester in 1821, 1824, and 1825.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pitt |first1=Tom |title=Borough Officials, 1799-present (West Chester, Pennsylvania) |url=http://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his480/notes/burgess.htm |website=www.courses.wcupa.edu |access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref> Barnard was also a major-general of militia, and declined the judgeship of Chester County.{{sfn|Wiley|1893|p=204}}

Barnard served as a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 4th district from 1821 to 1826.<ref name=PASenateBio>{{cite web |title=Pennsylvania State Senate - Isaac Dutton Barnard Biography |url=https://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/legis/BiosHistory/MemBio.cfm?ID=4407&body=S |website=www.legis.state.pa.us |access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref> He was instrumental in securing funds for a memorial to the Battle of Paoli.

The year he left the State Senate, he was the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.<ref name=CongressBio/> He was elected to the United States Senate as a Jacksonian, and began his first term on March 4, 1827.<ref name=CongressBio/> During the 21st and 22nd United States Congresses, he was the chairman of the Committee on Militia.<ref name=CongressBio/> In 1829, Barnard was closely defeated in his attempt to gain the nomination for Governor of Pennsylvania. James Buchanan, at the time a U.S. Representative, described Barnard in a letter as "''a high minded honest man''" who will never "''become the tool of any man''".<ref>{{cite web |title=Letter from James Buchanan to Unknown Recipient |url=http://archives.dickinson.edu/document-descriptions/letter-james-buchanan-unknown-recipient |website=www.archives.dickinson.edu |access-date=4 June 2019}}</ref>

He undertook part of a second Senate term, but resigned from the Senate on December 6, 1831,<ref name=CongressBio/> due to ill health.{{sfn|Wiley|1893|p=204}} He was replaced by a future Vice President of the United States, George M. Dallas.<ref>{{cite web |title=DALLAS, George Mifflin, (1792-1864) |url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=D000011 |website=www.bioguide.congress.gov |access-date=2 June 2019}}</ref> Just before he resigned, the New York papers were reportedly demanding that Barnard be given a place in the United States Cabinet.{{sfn|Wiley|1893|p=204}}

==Personal life== In 1820, Barnard married Harriet Darlington, the daughter of Isaac Darlington. She died during childbirth in 1823 and he never remarried.<ref name=CCHS/>

==Legacy== Barnard died on February 28, 1834, in West Chester. He was originally interred at the Friends Burying Ground on North High Street but after twenty years he was re-interred in Oaklands Cemetery.{{sfn|Daily Local News|1899|p=45}}

William Everhart, a wealthy merchant and friend of Barnard's, named a street in West Chester after Barnard sometime after the summer of 1830.{{sfn|Daily Local News|1899|p=55}}

In 1854, a monument in Oaklands Cemetery was erected in his memory.{{sfn|Daily Local News|1899|p=11}} <gallery mode="packed" heights="175"> File:Isaac Dutton Barnard grave in Oaklands Cemetery, West Chester, Pennsylvania.jpg|Front of the Isaac D. Barnard Memorial File:Isaac D. Barnard Memorial.jpg|Right side of the Isaac D. Barnard Memorial File:Back of Isaac D. Barnard Memorial in Oaklands Cemetery.jpg|Back of the Isaac D. Barnard Memorial File:Left side of Isaac D. Barnard Memorial.jpg|Left side of the Isaac D. Barnard Memorial </gallery>

==Footnotes== {{reflist}}

==Sources== *{{cite web | last = Pitt Jr. | first = Thomas |author2=Jim Jones | title = West Chester Borough Officials: 1799-present | url = http://courses.wcupa.edu/jones/his480/notes/burgess.htm }} *{{cite web | last = Sheppard | first = John | title = West Chester | publisher = Town & Country Living Magazines | date = 2007-06-02 | url = http://www.hunterdoncountymagazine.com/site/news.cfm?newsid=18461328&BRD=2663&PAG=461&dept_id=614672&rfi=6 }}{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} *{{cite book | last = Daily Local News | title = West Chester, Past and Present | publisher = Daily Local News | year = 1899 | location = West Chester, Pennsylvania | url = https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_2UsVAAAAYAAJ | quote = isaac barnard. }} *{{cite book | last = Wiley | first = Samuel | title = Biographical and Portrait Cyclopedia of Chester County, Pennsylvania, comprising a historical sketch of the county | publisher = Gresham Publishing Company | year = 1893 | location = Philadelphia | url = https://archive.org/details/biographicalport00garn/page/1 }} *{{cite web | url = http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000154 | title = Barnard, Isaac Dutton, (1791 - 1834) | publisher = United States Congress }}

==External links== {{commons category}} *[http://www.ushistory.org/paoli/history/gravesite.htm Account of Barnard's work regarding a monument to the Battle of Paoli]

{{s-start}} {{s-par|us-pa-sen}} {{s-bef|before=Edward Coleman}} {{s-ttl|title=Member of the Pennsylvania Senate, 4th district|years=1820-1826}} {{s-aft|after=Joshua Hunt}} |- {{s-par|us-sen}} {{U.S. Senator box | state=Pennsylvania | class=1 | before=William Findlay | after=George M. Dallas | alongside=William Marks, William Wilkins | years=1827–1831}} {{s-end}} {{USSenPA}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Barnard, Isaac}} Category:1791 births Category:1834 deaths Category:Politicians from Delaware County, Pennsylvania Category:Democratic-Republican Party United States senators from Pennsylvania Category:Pennsylvania Democratic-Republicans Category:Pennsylvania Jacksonians Category:Secretaries of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Category:Pennsylvania state senators Category:Pennsylvania lawyers Category:19th-century American lawyers Category:United States Army officers Category:People from Pennsylvania in the War of 1812 Category:Burials at Oaklands Cemetery Category:19th-century members of the Pennsylvania General Assembly Category:19th-century United States senators