{{Short description|Communications satellite}} {{Use American English|date=April 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}} {{Infobox spaceflight | name = Galaxy 25 | names_list = G-25<br/>Intelsat Americas 5<br/>IA-5<br/>Telstar 5 | image = | image_caption = | image_size = 300px
| mission_type = [[Communications satellite|Communications]] | operator = [[Telesat|Loral Skynet]] (1997-2007)<br/>[[Intelsat]] (2007-) | COSPAR_ID = 1997-026A | SATCAT = 24812 | website = https://www.intelsat.com | mission_duration = 12 years (planned)
| spacecraft = | spacecraft_type = | spacecraft_bus = [[SSL 1300|LS-1300]] | manufacturer = [[SSL (company)|Space Systems/Loral]] | launch_mass = {{cvt|3515|kg}} | dry_mass = {{cvt|1469|kg}} | dimensions = | power =
| launch_date = 24 May 1997, 17:00:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] | launch_rocket = [[Proton-K]] / [[Blok DM-03|DM-04]] | launch_site = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]], [[Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81|Site 81/23]] | launch_contractor = [[Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center]]
| entered_service = | disposal_type = | deactivated = | last_contact =
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]] | orbit_regime = [[Geostationary orbit]] | orbit_longitude = 97° West | apsis = gee
| trans_band = 52 [[Transponder (satellite communications)|transponders]]:<br/>24 [[C band (IEEE)|C-band]]<br/>28 [[Ku band|Ku-band]] | trans_frequency = | trans_bandwidth = 36 [[Hertz|MHz]], 54 MHz, 27 MHz | trans_capacity = | trans_coverage = [[Hawaii]], [[Canada]], [[United States]], [[Mexico]], [[Caribbean]]
| programme = [[Intelsat|Intelsat constellation]] | previous_mission = [[Telstar 402R]] | next_mission = [[Galaxy 26]] }}
'''Galaxy 25''' ('''G-25''') launched in 1997, contracted by [[International Launch Services]] (ILS), formerly known as '''Intelsat Americas 5''' ('''IA-5''') until 15 February 2007 when it was renamed as result of the merger between owner [[Intelsat]] and [[PanAmSat]] for '''[[Telstar]] 5''', is a medium-powered [[communications satellite]] formerly in a [[geostationary orbit]] at 97° West, above a point in the [[Pacific Ocean]] several hundred miles west of the [[Galapagos Islands]]. It was manufactured by [[Space Systems/Loral]] using its [[SSL 1300|LS-1300]] [[satellite bus]] and is currently owned and operated by [[Intelsat]]. The satellite's main [[C band (IEEE)|C-band]] [[Transponder (satellite communications)|transponder]] cluster covers the [[United States]], [[Canada]], and [[Mexico]]; its main [[Ku band|Ku-band]] transponder cluster covers the United States, [[Mexico]], and the Northern [[Caribbean]] Sea. An additional C-band and a Ku-band transponder pair targets [[Hawaii]].
Galaxy 25 has a projected life of 12 years. It was replaced by [[Galaxy 19]] (formerly IA-9) in late 2008.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.intelsat.com/network/satellite/scheduled-launch.asp|title=Intelsat Satellite Launch Schedule |access-date=2008-05-17|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517182823/http://www.intelsat.com/network/satellite/scheduled-launch.asp|archive-date=2008-05-17}} Intelsat launch information</ref> When it was last in service at 97.1° West, Galaxy 25 transmitted both [[Free-to-air]] (FTA) [[Satellite television|direct-to-home]] (DTH) broadcasting and [[conditional access|encrypted subscription]] channels / services. The replacement satellite, [[Galaxy 19]] was successfully launched on September 24, 2008.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://spaceflightnow.com/sealaunch/galaxy19/ |title=Sea Launch deploys new Galaxy for North America | date=September 24, 2008|publisher=Spaceflight Now|access-date=December 5, 2022}}</ref> Galaxy 25 has been moved to a different orbital position at 93.1° West where it is currently broadcasting several services on its K<sub>u</sub> band transponders.
== Technical details ==
{| class=wikitable style="background:white; color:black" width="75%" |- ! '''Key Parameters''' || || |- | '''Total [[Transponder]]s''' || '''C-Band:''' || 24x36 MHz |- | || '''K<sub>u</sub>-Band:'''|| 4x54 MHz, 24x27 MHz |- |- | '''[[Polarization (waves)|Polarization]]''' || '''C-Band:''' || Linear - Horizontal or Vertical |- | || '''K<sub>u</sub>-Band:'''|| Linear - Horizontal or Vertical |- |- | '''[[Equivalent isotropically radiated power|e.i.r.p.]] (C-Band)''' || || * [[Contiguous United States|CONUS]]: 38.8 [[dBW]] * [[Alaska]]: 33.7 dBW * Caribbean: 34.3 dBW * Hawaii: 33.8 dBW * Mexico: 33.8 dBW * [[Puerto Rico]] / [[United States Virgin Islands]]: 34.0 dBW * Southern Canada: 37.0 dBW |- |- | '''e.i.r.p. (K<sub>u</sub>-Band)''' || || * CONUS: 48.3 dBW * Alaska: 40.9 dBW * Caribbean: 43.4 dBW * Hawaii: 46.4 dBW * Mexico: 43.6 dBW * Puerto Rico / United States Virgin Islands: 44.9 dBW * Southern Canada: 44.3 dBW |- |- | '''[[Uplink]] Frequency''' || '''C-Band:''' || 5925 to 6425 MHz |- | || '''K<sub>u</sub>-Band:''' || 14.00 to 14.50 GHz |- |- | '''[[Downlink]] Frequency''' || '''C-Band''' || 3700 to 4200 MHz |- | || '''K<sub>u</sub>-Band:''' || 11.7 to 12.2 GHz |- |- | '''G/T (C-Band)''' || || * CONUS: -0.7 [[Decibel|dB]]/K{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} * Alaska: -8.2 dB/K * Caribbean: -4.7 dB/K * Hawaii: -5.2 dB/K * Mexico: -5.4 dB/K * Puerto Rico / United States Virgin Islands: -4.6 dB/K * Southern Canada: -2.3 dB/K |- | '''G/T (K<sub>u</sub>-Band)''' || || * CONUS: +0.7 dB/K * Alaska: -3.3 dB/K * Caribbean: -3.2 dB/K * Hawaii: +0.6 dB/K * Mexico: -4.2 dB/K * Puerto Rico / United States Virgin Islands: +0.7 dB/K * Southern Canada: -1.6 dB/K |- |- | '''SFD Range (Beam Edge)'''|| '''C-Band:''' || -92.0 to -71.0 [[Decibel|dB]]W/m2{{Citation needed|date=January 2008}} |- | || '''K<sub>u</sub>-Band:''' || -96.0 to -75.0 dBW/m2 |}
== Platform operators == The K<sub>u</sub>-Band side of the satellite carried the platforms of [[Pittsburgh International Telecommunications, Inc (PIT)]], [[Globecast]], [[RRSat]], and [[ABS-CBN Corporation|ABS-CBN]], with free-to-air and encrypted television and radio programming in a variety of languages.
== See also == * [[FTA Receiver]]
== References == {{Portal|Spaceflight}} {{Reflist}}
== External links == * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080406120911/http://www.rrsat.com/ RRsat website] * [http://www.intelsat.com/ Intelsat website] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20130805034539/http://pitcomm.com/ Pittsburgh International Telecommunications Information] * [http://www.globecast.com/ Globecast website]
{{Intelsat}} {{Orbital launches in 1997}}
[[Category:Communications satellites in geostationary orbit]] [[Category:Satellite television]] [[Category:Spacecraft launched in 1997]] [[Category:Satellites using the SSL 1300 bus]] [[Category:Telstar satellites]] [[Category:Intelsat satellites]]