Intel Core

Intel Core

Produced-start	January 2006 (age 20)
Soldby	Intel
Designfirm	Intel
Manuf 1	Intel
Manuf 2	TSMC
Slowest	400
Fastest	6.2
Slow-unit	MHz
Fast-unit	GHz
L1cache	Up to 112 KB per P-core 96 KB per E-core or LP E-core
L2cache	Core and Core 2: Up to 12 MB Nehalem-present: Up to 2 MB per P-core and up to 3 MB per E-core cluster
L3cache	Up to 36 MB
Size-from	65 nm
Size-to	Intel 4 and TSMC N5
Microarch	Core · Nehalem · Westmere · Sandy Bridge · Ivy Bridge · Haswell · Broadwell · Skylake · Sunny Cove · Willow Cove · Cypress Cove · Golden Cove · Raptor Cove · Gracemont · Redwood Cove · Crestmont
Arch	x86-64
Instructions	MMX, SSE, SSE2, SSE3, SSSE3, SSE4.1, SSE4.2, AVX, AVX2, AVX-512, TSX, AES-NI, FMA3, AVX-VNNI
Extensions	EIST, TXT, VT-x, VT-d, SHA, SGX
Numcores	P-cores: 2–10 E-cores: 4–16 Total: 1-24
Gpu	Intel Graphics Technology
Sock 1	LGA 775
Sock 2	LGA 1156
Sock 3	LGA 1155
Sock 4	LGA 1150
Sock 5	LGA 1151
Sock 6	LGA 1151-2
Sock 7	LGA 1200
Sock 8	LGA 1700
Sock 9	LGA 1851
Brand 1	Core
Brand 2	Core 2
Brand 3	Core i3/i5/i7/i9
Brand 4	Core 3/5/7
Brand 5	Core Ultra 5/7/9
Variant	Intel Processor (budget CPUs)
Predecessor	Pentium Celeron

Intel Core is a line of multi-core (with the exception of Core Solo and Core 2 Solo) central processing units (CPUs) for midrange, embedded, workstation, high-end, enthusiast and gaming computer markets marketed by Intel Corporation. These processors displaced the existing mid- to high-end Pentium processors at the time of their introduction, moving the Pentium to the mid-range budget market. Identical or more capable versions of Core processors are also sold as Xeon processors for the server and workstation markets.

Core was launched in January 2006 as a mobile-only series, consisting of single-core and dual-core models. It was then succeeded later in July by the Core 2 series, which included both desktop and mobile processors with up to four cores, and introduced 64-bit support.

Since 2008, Intel began introducing the Core i3, Core i5, Core i7 and Core i9 lineup of processors, succeeding Core 2.

A new naming scheme was introduced in 2023, consisting of Core 3, Core 5, and Core 7 for mid-range to high-end processors, and Core Ultra 5, Core Ultra 7, and Core Ultra 9 for super-high-end processors.

Overview

Although Intel Core is a brand that promises no internal consistency or continuity, the processors within this family have been, for the most part, broadly similar.

The first products receiving this designation were the Core Solo and Core Duo Yonah processors for mobile from the Pentium M design tree, fabricated at 65 nm and brought to market in January 2006. These are substantially different in design than the rest of the Intel Core product group, having derived from the Pentium Pro lineage that predated Pentium 4.

The first Intel Core desktop processor—and typical family member—came from the Conroe iteration, a 65 nm dual-core design brought to market in July 2006, based on the Intel Core microarchitecture with substantial enhancements in micro-architectural efficiency and performance, outperforming Pentium 4 across the board (or near to it), while operating at drastically lower clock rates. Maintaining high instructions per cycle (IPC) on a deeply pipelined and resourced out-of-order execution engine has remained a constant fixture of the Intel Core product group ever since.

The new substantial bump in microarchitecture came with the introduction of the 45 nm Bloomfield desktop processor in November 2008 on the Nehalem architecture, whose main advantage came from redesigned I/O and memory systems featuring the new Intel QuickPath Interconnect and an integrated memory controller supporting up to three channels of DDR3 memory.

Subsequent performance improvements have tended toward making additions rather than profound changes, such as adding the Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) instruction set extensions to Sandy Bridge, first released on 32 nm in January 2011. Time has also brought improved support for virtualization and a trend toward higher levels of system integration and management functionality (and along with that, increased performance) through the ongoing evolution of facilities such as Intel Active Management Technology (iAMT).

As of 2017, the Core brand comprised four product lines – the entry level i3, the mainstream i5, the high-end i7, and the "enthusiast" i9. Core i7 was introduced in 2008, followed by i5 in 2009, and i3 in 2010. The first Core i9 models were released in 2017.

In June 2023, Intel announced that the processor branding "Core", with the letter "i" (or moniker) would be dropped, making it "Core 3/5/7/9". The company would introduce the "Ultra" branding for high-end processors as well.^[1] The new naming scheme debuted with the launch of Raptor Lake-U Refresh and Meteor Lake processors in 2024, using the "Core 3/5/7" branding for mainstream processors and "Core Ultra 5/7/9" branding for "premium" high-end processors.^[2][3][4]

Comparison of Intel Core microarchitectures

Microarchitecture				Core		Nehalem	Sandy Bridge	Haswell	Broadwell	Skylake	Sunny Cove[a]	Willow Cove	Golden Cove	Raptor Cove
Microarchitecture variants				Merom	Penryn	Westmere	Ivy Bridge			Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Comet Lake	Ice Lake Rocket Lake	Tiger Lake	Alder Lake Sapphire Rapids	Raptor Lake Emerald Rapids
Generation (Core i)				-	-	1st	2nd/3rd	4th	5th/6th	6th/7th/8th/9th	10th/11th	11th	12th	13th/14th
Year of inception				2006	2007	2010	2011	2013	2014	2015	2019	2020	2021	2022
Fabrication process (nm)				65	45		32/22	22	14	14+/14++/14+++	10	10SF	10ESF
Cache	μop			colspan="3"	1.5K μops[5]				2.25K μops		4K μops
	L1	Data	Size	32 KB/core							48 KB/core
			Ways	8 way							12 way
			Latency	3		4					3/5		5
		Instruction	Size	32 KB/core
			ways	8 way[6]		4 way	8 way						8 way
			Latency	3						4	5
		TLB				142	144[7]
	L2		Size	2-3 MB/core		256 KB					512 KB	1.25 MB	2 MB[b]
			ways	8 way					4 way	8 way	20 way	10 way
			Latency				12				13		14
			TLB					1024		1536	2048
	L3		Size			2 MB						3 MB
			ways			16 way						12 way[8]
			Latency							26-37[5]	30-36[5]	43[9]	74
	L4		Size	None				0–128 MB			None
			ways						16[10]
			Latency
			Type					GPU Memory only		cache
Hyper-threading				No		Yes
OoOE window				96[11]		128[12]	168	192		224[13]	352		512[14]
In-flight			Load			48	64	72			128		192
			Store			32	36	42		56	72		114
Scheduler			Entries	32		36	54	60	64	97	160[15]
			Dispatch							8 way	10 way
Register file			Integer				160	168			280[14]		280[14]
			Floating-point				144	168			224[14]		332[14]
Queue			Instruction			18/thread	20/thread	20/thread	25/thread
			Allocation			28/thread[c]		56		64/thread
Decode										4 + 1			6
Execution Ports			Numbers			6[16]		8[17]		8[18]	10		12
			Port 0			Integer FP Mul Branch	Integer FP Mul Branch
			Port 1			Integer FP Mul	Integer FP Mul
			Port 2			Load Address	Load Store Address
			Port 3			Store Address	Store Load Address
			Port 4			Store Data	Store Data
			Port 5			Integer
			Port 6	colspan="4" rowspan="2" [17]	Integer Branch
			Port 7	Store Address
AGUs										2 + 1	2 + 2
Instructions			SSE2	colspan="11"
			SSE3	colspan="11"
			SSE4	colspan="1"	colspan="10"
			AVX	colspan="3"	colspan="8"
			AVX2	colspan="4"	colspan="7"
			FMA	colspan="4"	colspan="7"
			AVX512	colspan="6"		colspan="2"	colspan="2"
μArchitecture				Merom	Penryn	Nehalem	Sandy Bridge	Haswell	Broadwell	Skylake	Ice Lake	Tiger Lake	Alder Lake	Raptor Lake

1. ^ Rocket Lake based on Cypress Cove is a CPU microarchitecture, a variant of Sunny Cove microarchitecture designed for 10 nm, backported to 14 nm.
2. ^ 1.25 MB in client
3. ^ 56 unified in Ivy Bridge
4. ^ Price is Recommended Customer Price (RCP) at launch. RCP is the trade price that processors are sold by Intel to retailers and OEMs. Actual MSRP for consumers is higher

Overview of Intel Core microarchitectures

Brand	Desktop				Mobile
	Codename	Cores	Process	Date released	Codename	Cores	Process	Date released
Core Solo	Desktop version not available				Yonah	1	65 nm	January 2006
Core Duo					Yonah	2
Core 2 Solo					Merom-L Penryn-L	1 1	65 nm 45 nm	September 2007 May 2008
Core 2 Duo	Conroe Allendale Wolfdale	2 2 2	65 nm 65 nm 45 nm	August 2006 January 2007 January 2008	Merom Penryn	2 2	65 nm 45 nm	July 2006 January 2008
Core 2 Quad	Kentsfield Yorkfield	4 4	65 nm 45 nm	January 2007 March 2008	Penryn QC	4	45 nm	August 2008
Core 2 Extreme	Conroe XE Kentsfield XE Yorkfield XE	2 4 4	65 nm 65 nm 45 nm	July 2006 November 2006 November 2007	Merom XE Penryn XE Penryn QC XE	2 2 4	65 nm 45 nm 45 nm	July 2007 January 2008 August 2008
Core M	Desktop version not available				Broadwell	2	14 nm	September 2014[19]
Core m3					Skylake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake Amber Lake	2 2 2 2	14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm	August 2015 September 2016 April 2017 August 2018
Core m5					Skylake	2	14 nm	August 2015
Core m7					Skylake	2	14 nm	August 2015
Core i3	Clarkdale Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Coffee Lake Comet Lake Alder Lake Raptor Lake	2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4	32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm Intel 7 Intel 7	January 2010 February 2011 September 2012 September 2013 September 2015 January 2017 October 2017 Jan. & April 2019 April 2020 January 2022 Jan. 2023 & 2024	Arrandale Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Cannon Lake Coffee Lake Whiskey Lake Ice Lake Comet Lake Tiger Lake / B Alder Lake Raptor Lake Meteor Lake	2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 2 2 2 2-4 6-8 5-6 8	32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 10 nm Intel 7 Intel 7 Intel 4	January 2010 February 2011 June 2012 June 2013 January 2015 Sept. 2015 & June 2016 August 2016 November 2016 Jan. & June 2017 April 2018 May 2018 July 2018 August 2018 May & Aug. 2019 September 2019 Sept. 2020, Jan. - May 2021 January 2022 Jan. 2023 & 2024 April 2024
Core i5	Lynnfield Clarkdale Sandy Bridge Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Coffee Lake Comet Lake Rocket Lake Alder Lake Raptor Lake	4 2 4 2 2-4 2-4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6-10 10-14	45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm Intel 7 Intel 7	September 2009 January 2010 January 2011 February 2011 April 2012 June 2013 June 2015 September 2015 January 2017 October 2017 Oct. 2018 & Jan. 2019 April 2020 March 2021 Nov. 2021 & Jan. 2022 Jan. 2023/2024 & Oct. 2023/2024	Arrandale Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake-R Coffee Lake Amber Lake Whiskey Lake Ice Lake Comet Lake Comet Lake-H Tiger Lake Tiger Lake-H/B Alder Lake Alder Lake-H/HX Raptor Lake Meteor Lake	2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 2 4 4 4 4 4 4-6 10-12 8-12 6-12 8-14	32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 10 nm Intel 7 Intel 7 Intel 7 Intel 4	January 2010 February 2011 May 2012 June 2013 January 2015 September 2015 August 2016 January 2017 October 2017 April 2018 Aug. 2018 & Oct. 2018 Aug. 2018 & April 2019 May & Aug. 2019 September 2019 April 2020 Sept. 2020 – May 2021 January – September 2021 January 2022 January & May 2022 Jan. 2023 & 2024 Dec. 2023 & Apr. 2024
Core i7	Bloomfield Lynnfield Gulftown Sandy Bridge Sandy Bridge-E Sandy Bridge-E Ivy Bridge Haswell Ivy Bridge-E Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Coffee Lake Comet Lake Rocket Lake Alder Lake Raptor Lake	4 4 6 4 6 4 4 4 4-6 4 4 4 6 8 8 8 12 16-20	45 nm 45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm Intel 7 Intel 7	November 2008 September 2009 July 2010 January 2011 November 2011 February 2012 April 2012 June 2013 September 2013 June 2015 August 2015 January 2017 October 2017 October 2018 April 2020 March 2021 Nov. 2021 & Jan. 2022 Jan. 2023/2024 & Oct. 2023/2024	Clarksfield Arrandale Sandy Bridge Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell Broadwell Broadwell Skylake Kaby Lake Kaby Lake Coffee Lake Amber Lake Whiskey Lake Ice Lake Comet Lake Comet Lake-H Tiger Lake Tiger Lake-H/B Alder Lake Alder Lake-H/HX Raptor Lake Meteor Lake	4 2 4 2 2-4 2-4 2 4 2-4 2 4 4-6 2 4 4 4-6 6-8 4 4-8 10-14 10-16 14-20 12-16	45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 14 nm 14 nm 10 nm 10 nm Intel 7 Intel 7 Intel 7 Intel 4	September 2009 January 2010 January 2011 February 2011 May 2012 June 2013 January 2015 June 2015 September 2015 August 2016 January 2017 April 2018 August 2018 Aug. 2018 & April 2019 May & Aug. 2019 September 2019 April 2020 September 2020 January – September 2021 January 2022 January & May 2022 January 2023 & 2024 Dec. 2023 & Apr. 2024
Core i7 Extreme	Bloomfield Gulftown Sandy Bridge-E Ivy Bridge-E Haswell-E Broadwell-E Skylake-X Kaby Lake-X	4 6 6 6 8 10 6-8 4	45 nm 32 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm	November 2008 March 2010 November 2011 September 2013 August 2014 May 2016 June 2017 June 2017	Clarksfield Sandy Bridge Ivy Bridge Haswell	4 4 4 4	45 nm 32 nm 22 nm 22 nm	September 2009 January 2011 May 2012 June 2013
Core i9	Skylake-X Skylake-X Cascade Lake-X Coffee Lake Comet Lake Rocket Lake Alder Lake Raptor Lake	10 12 14-18 8 10 8 16 24	14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm 14 nm Intel 7 Intel 7	June 2017 August 2017 September 2017 October 2018 April 2020 March 2021 Nov. 2021 & Jan. 2022 Oct. 2022 / Jan.&Oct. 2023	Coffee Lake-H Comet Lake-H Tiger Lake-H Alder Lake-H/HX Raptor Lake-H/HX Meteor Lake-H	6 8 8 14-16 14-24 16	14 nm 14 nm 10 nm Intel 7 Intel 7 Intel 4	April 2018 April 2020 May 2021 January & May 2022 January 2023 & 2024 December 2023
List of Intel Core processors

Core series

Core

The original Core brand refers to Intel's 32-bit mobile dual-core x86 CPUs, which were derived from the Pentium M branded processors. The processor family used an enhanced version of the P6 microarchitecture. It emerged in parallel with the NetBurst microarchitecture (Intel P68) of the Pentium 4 brand, and was a precursor of the 64-bit Core microarchitecture of Core 2 branded CPUs. The Core brand had two branches: the Duo (dual-core) and Solo (single-core, which replaced the Pentium M brand of single-core mobile processor).

Intel launched the Core brand on January 6, 2006, with the release of the 32-bit Yonah CPU – Intel's first dual-core mobile (low-power) processor. Its dual-core layout closely resembled two interconnected Pentium M branded CPUs packaged as a single die (piece) silicon chip (IC). Hence, the 32-bit microarchitecture of Core branded CPUs – contrary to its name – had more in common with Pentium M branded CPUs than with the subsequent 64-bit Core microarchitecture of Core 2 branded CPUs. Despite a major rebranding effort by Intel starting January 2006, some companies continued to market computers with the Yonah core marked as Pentium M.

The Core series is also the first Intel processor used in an Apple Macintosh computer. The Core Duo was the CPU for the first generation MacBook Pro, while the Core Solo appeared in Apple's Mac Mini line. Core Duo signified the beginning of Apple's shift to Intel processors across the entire Mac line.

In 2007, Intel began branding the Yonah CPUs intended for mainstream mobile computers as Pentium Dual-Core, not to be confused with the desktop 64-bit Core microarchitecture CPUs also branded as Pentium Dual-Core.

September 2007 and January 4, 2008 marked the discontinuation of a number of Core branded CPUs including several Core Solo, Core Duo, Celeron and one Core 2 Quad products.^[20][21]

Core Solo

Intel Core Solo^[22] (product code 80538) uses the same two-core die as the Core Duo, but features only one active core. Depending on demand, Intel may also simply disable one of the cores to sell the chip at the Core Solo price—this requires less effort than launching and maintaining a separate line of CPUs that physically only have one core. Intel had used the same strategy previously with the 486 CPU in which early 486SX CPUs were in fact manufactured as 486DX CPUs but with the FPU disabled.

Codename	Brand name (list)	L2 Cache	Socket	TDP
Yonah	Core Solo T1xxx	2 MB	Socket M	27–31 W
	Core Solo U1xxx			5.5–6 W

Core Duo

Intel Core Duo^[23] (product code 80539) consists of two cores on one die, a 2 MB L2 cache shared by both cores, and an arbiter bus that controls both L2 cache and FSB (front-side bus) access.

Codename	Brand name (list)	L2 Cache	Socket	TDP
Yonah	Core Duo T2xxx	2 MB	Socket M	31 W
	Core Duo L2xxx			15 W
	Core Duo U2xxx			9 W

Core 2

The successor to Core is the mobile version of the Core 2 line of processors based on the Core microarchitecture,^[24] released on July 27, 2006. The release of the mobile version of Intel Core 2 marks the reunification of Intel's desktop and mobile product lines as Core 2 processors were released for desktops and notebooks, unlike the first Intel Core CPUs that were targeted only for notebooks (although they were used in some small form factor and all-in-one desktops, like the iMac and the Mac Mini).

Unlike the original Core, Intel Core '2's are 64-bit processors, supporting Intel Extended Memory 64 Technology (EM64T), Intel's name at the time for AMD's 64-bit extensions of the x86 architecture. Another difference between the original Core Duo and the new Core 2 Duo is an increase in the amount of level 2 cache. The new Core 2 Duo has tripled the amount of on-board cache to 6 MB. Core 2 also introduced a quad-core performance variant to the single- and dual-core chips, branded Core 2 Quad, as well as an enthusiast variant, Core 2 Extreme. All three chips are manufactured at a 65 nm lithography, and in 2008, a 45 nm lithography and support front side bus speeds ranging from 533 MT/s to 1.6 GT/s. In addition, the 45 nm die shrink of the Core microarchitecture adds SSE4.1 support to all Core 2 microprocessors manufactured at a 45 nm lithography, therefore increasing the calculation rate of the processors.

Core 2 Solo

The Core 2 Solo,^[25] introduced in September 2007, is the successor to the Core Solo and is available only as an ultra-low-power mobile processor with 5.5 Watt thermal design power. The original U2xxx series "Merom-L" used a special version of the Merom chip with CPUID number 10661 (model 22, stepping A1) that only had a single core and was also used in some Celeron processors. The later SU3xxx are part of Intel's CULV range of processors in a smaller μFC-BGA 956 package but contain the same Penryn chip as the dual-core variants, with one of the cores disabled during manufacturing.

Codename	Brand name (list)	L2 cache	Socket	TDP
Merom-L	Mobile Core 2 Solo U2xxx	1 MB	FCBGA	5.5 W
Penryn-L	Mobile Core 2 Solo SU3xxx	3 MB	BGA956	5.5 W

Core 2 Duo

The majority of the desktop and mobile Core 2 processor variants are Core 2 Duo^[26][27] with two processor cores on a single Merom, Conroe, Allendale, Penryn, or Wolfdale chip. These come in a wide range of performance and power consumption, starting with the relatively slow ultra-low-power Uxxxx (10 W) and low-power Lxxxx (17 W) versions, to the more performance oriented Pxxxx (25 W) and Txxxx (35 W) mobile versions and the Exxxx (65 W) desktop models. The mobile Core 2 Duo processors with an 'S' prefix in the name are produced in a smaller μFC-BGA 956 package, which allows building more compact laptops.

Within each line, a higher number usually refers to a better performance, which depends largely on core and front-side bus clock frequency and amount of second level cache, which are model-specific. Core 2 Duo processors typically use the full L2 cache of 2, 3, 4, or 6 MB available in the specific stepping of the chip, while versions with the amount of cache reduced during manufacturing are sold for the low-end consumer market as Celeron or Pentium Dual-Core processors. Like those processors, some low-end Core 2 Duo models disable features such as Intel Virtualization Technology.

Codename	Brand name (list)	L2 cache	Socket	TDP
Merom	Mobile Core 2 Duo U7xxx	2 MB	BGA479	10 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo L7xxx	4 MB		17 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo T5xxx	2 MB	Socket M Socket P BGA479	35 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo T7xxx	2–4 MB
Conroe and Allendale	Core 2 Duo E4xxx	2 MB	LGA 775	65 W
	Core 2 Duo E6xxx	2–4 MB
Penryn	Mobile Core 2 Duo SU7xxx	3 MB	BGA956	10 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo SU9xxx
	Mobile Core 2 Duo SL9xxx	6 MB		17 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo SP9xxx			25 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo P7xxx	3 MB	Socket P FCBGA6	25 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo P8xxx
	Mobile Core 2 Duo P9xxx	6 MB
	Mobile Core 2 Duo T6xxx	2 MB		35 W
	Mobile Core 2 Duo T8xxx	3 MB
	Mobile Core 2 Duo T9xxx	6 MB
	Mobile Core 2 Duo E8xxx	6 MB	Socket P	35–55 W
Wolfdale	Core 2 Duo E7xxx	3 MB	LGA 775	65 W
	Core 2 Duo E8xxx	6 MB

Core 2 Quad

Core 2 Quad^[28][29] processors are multi-chip modules consisting of two dies similar to those used in Core 2 Duo, forming a quad-core processor. This allows twice the performance of a dual-core processors at the same clock frequency in scenarios that take advantage of multi-threading.

Initially, all Core 2 Quad models were versions of Core 2 Duo desktop processors, Kentsfield derived from Conroe and Yorkfield from Wolfdale, but later Penryn-QC was added as a high-end version of the mobile dual-core Penryn.

The Xeon 32xx and 33xx processors are mostly identical versions of the desktop Core 2 Quad processors and can be used interchangeably.

Codename	Brand name (list)	L2 cache	Socket	TDP
Kentsfield	Core 2 Quad Q6xxx	2×4 MB	LGA 775	95–105 W
Yorkfield	Core 2 Quad Q8xxx	2×2 MB		65–95 W
	Core 2 Quad Q9xxx	2×3–2×6 MB
Penryn-QC	Mobile Core 2 Quad Q9xxx	2×3–2×6 MB	Socket P	45 W

Core 2 Extreme

Core 2 Extreme processors^[30][31] are enthusiast versions of Core 2 Duo and Core 2 Quad processors, usually with a higher clock frequency and an unlocked clock multiplier, which makes them especially attractive for overclocking. This is similar to earlier Pentium D processors labeled as Extreme Edition. Core 2 Extreme processors were released at a much higher price than their regular version, often $999 or more.

Codename	Brand name (list)	L2 cache	Socket	TDP
Merom XE	Mobile Core 2 Extreme X7xxx	4 MB	Socket P	44 W
Conroe XE	Core 2 Extreme X6xxx	4 MB	LGA 775	75 W
Kentsfield	Core 2 Extreme QX6xxx	2×4 MB	LGA 775	130 W
Penryn XE	Mobile Core 2 Extreme X9xxx	6 MB	Socket P	44 W
Penryn-QC XE	Mobile Core 2 Extreme QX9300	2×6 MB	Socket P	45 W
Yorkfield	Core 2 Extreme QX9xxx	2×6 MB	LGA 775 / LGA 771	130–150 W

Core i3/i5/i7/i9 series

Intel introduced a new tier-based naming scheme for its Core processors with the launch of the Nehalem microarchitecture in November 2008.^[32] Unlike earlier branding, these names no longer reflected specific technical features such as core count, but instead indicated relative performance levels: entry-level (i3), mid-range (i5), and high-end (i7).^[33] The tiers corresponded to the company's prior Intel Processor Rating system,^[34] which assigned three, four, and five stars to the Core lines, above the one- and two-star ratings for Celeron and Pentium, respectively.^[35] In 2017, Intel added a fourth tier with the introduction of the Core i9, positioned above the i7 as a premium high-performance option.

Pre-i9 series Era

1st generation

The Nehalem microarchitecture was introduced in November 2008. Common features of all Nehalem based processors include an integrated DDR3 memory controller as well as QuickPath Interconnect or PCI Express and Direct Media Interface on the processor replacing the aging quad-pumped Front Side Bus used in all earlier Core processors. All these processors have 256 KB L2 cache per core, plus up to 12 MB shared L3 cache. Because of the new I/O interconnect, chipsets and mainboards from previous generations can no longer be used with Nehalem-based processors.

Intel intended the Core i3 as the new low end of the performance processor line from Intel, following the retirement of the Core 2 brand.^[36][37]

The first Core i3 processors were launched on January 7, 2010.^[38]

The first Nehalem based Core i3 was Clarkdale-based, with an integrated GPU and two cores.^[39] The same processor is also available as Core i5 and Pentium, with slightly different configurations.

The Core i3-3xxM processors are based on Arrandale, the mobile version of the Clarkdale desktop processor. They are similar to the Core i5-4xx series but running at lower clock speeds and without Turbo Boost.^[40] According to an Intel FAQ they do not support Error Correction Code (ECC) memory.^[41] According to motherboard manufacturer Supermicro, if a Core i3 processor is used with a server chipset platform such as Intel 3400/3420/3450, the CPU supports ECC with UDIMM.^[42] According to a forum post, when asked, Intel confirmed that, although the Intel 5 series chipset supports non-ECC memory only with the Core i5 or i3 processors, using those processors on a motherboard with 3400 series chipsets it supports the ECC function of ECC memory.^[43] A limited number of motherboards by other companies also support ECC with Intel Core ix processors; the Asus P8B WS is an example, but it does not support ECC memory under Windows non-server operating systems.^[44]

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 Cache	Socket	TDP	I/O Bus
Clarkdale	Core i3	2	4 MB	LGA 1156	73 W	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU
Arrandale	Core i3-3xxM		3 MB	rPGA-988A	35 W
	Core i3-3xxUM		3 MB	BGA-1288	18 W

Lynnfield were the first Core i5 processors using the Nehalem microarchitecture, introduced on September 8, 2009, as a mainstream variant of the earlier Core i7.^[45][46] Lynnfield Core i5 processors have an 8 MB L3 cache, a DMI bus running at 2.5 GT/s and support for dual-channel DDR3-800/1066/1333 memory and have Hyper-threading disabled. The same processors with different sets of features (Hyper-threading and other clock frequencies) enabled are sold as Core i7-8xx and Xeon 3400-series processors, which should not be confused with high-end Core i7-9xx and Xeon 3500-series processors based on Bloomfield. A new feature called Turbo Boost Technology was introduced which maximizes speed for demanding applications, dynamically accelerating performance to match the workload.

After Nehalem received a 32 nm Westmere die shrink, Arrandale, the dual-core mobile Core i5 processors and its desktop counterpart Clarkdale was introduced in January 2010, together with Core i7-6xx and Core i3-3xx processors based on the same architecture. Arrandale processors have integrated graphics capability. Core i3-3xx does not support for Turbo Boost, L3 cache in Core i5-5xx processors is reduced to 3 MB, while the Core i5-6xx uses the full cache,^[40] Clarkdale is sold as Core i5-6xx, along with related Core i3 and Pentium processors. It has Hyper-Threading enabled and the full 4 MB L3 cache.^[47]

According to Intel "Core i5 desktop processors and desktop boards typically do not support ECC memory",^[48] but information on limited ECC support in the Core i3 section also applies to Core i5 and i7.^{[citation needed]}

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 Cache	Socket	TDP	I/O Bus
Lynnfield	Core i5-7xx	4	8 MB	LGA 1156	95 W	Direct Media Interface
	Core i5-7xxS				82 W
Clarkdale	Core i5-6xx	2	4 MB		73–87 W	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU
Arrandale	Core i5-5xxM		3 MB	rPGA-988A	35 W
	Core i5-4xxM
	Core i5-5xxUM			BGA-1288	18 W
	Core i5-4xxUM[49]

The Core i7 brand targets the business and high-end consumer markets for both desktop and laptop computers,^[50] and is distinguished from the Core i3 (entry-level consumer), Core i5 (mainstream consumer), and Xeon (server and workstation) brands.

Introduced in late 2008, Bloomfield was the first Core i7 processors based on the Nehalem architecture.^{[51][52][53][54]} The following year, Lynnfield desktop processors and Clarksfield mobile processors brought new quad-core Core i7 models based on the said architecture.^[55]

After Nehalem received a 32 nm Westmere die shrink, Arrandale dual-core mobile processors were introduced in January 2010, followed by Core i7's first six-core desktop processor Gulftown on March 16, 2010. Both the regular Core i7 and the Extreme Edition are advertised as five stars in the Intel Processor Rating.

The first-generation Core i7 uses two different sockets; LGA 1366 designed for high-end desktops and servers, and LGA 1156 used in low- and mid-end desktops and servers. In each generation, the highest-performing Core i7 processors use the same socket and QPI-based architecture as the medium-end Xeon processors of that generation, while lower-performing Core i7 processors use the same socket and PCIe/DMI/FDI architecture as the Core i5.

"Core i7" is a successor to the Intel Core 2 brand.^{[56][57][58][59]} Intel representatives stated that they intended the moniker Core i7 to help consumers decide which processor to purchase as Intel releases newer Nehalem-based products in the future.^[60]

Code name	Brand name	Cores	L3 Cache	Socket	TDP	Process	Busses	Release Date
Gulftown	Core i7-9xxX Extreme Edition	6	12 MB	LGA 1366	130 W	32 nm	QPI, 3 × DDR3	Mar 2010
	Core i7-970							Jul 2010
Bloomfield	Core i7-9xx Extreme Edition	4	8 MB			45 nm		Nov 2008
	Core i7-9xx (except Core i7-970/980)
Lynnfield	Core i7-8xx			LGA 1156	95 W		DMI, PCI-e, 2 × DDR3	Sep 2009
	Core i7-8xxS				82 W			Jan 2010
Clarksfield	Core i7-9xxXM Extreme Edition			rPGA-988A	55 W			Sep 2009
	Core i7-8xxQM				45 W
	Core i7-7xxQM		6 MB
Arrandale	Core i7-6xxM	2	4 MB		35 W	32 nm	DMI, PCI-e, FDI, 2 × DDR3	Jan 2010
	Core i7-6xxLM			BGA-1288	25 W
	Core i7-6xxUM				18 W

2nd generation

In early 2011, Intel introduced a new microarchitecture named Sandy Bridge. This is the second generation of the Core processor microarchitecture. It kept all the existing brands from Nehalem, including Core i3/i5/i7, and introduced new model numbers. The initial set of Sandy Bridge processors includes dual- and quad-core variants, all of which use a single 32 nm die for both the CPU and integrated GPU cores, unlike the earlier microarchitectures. All Core i3/i5/i7 processors with the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture have a four-digit model number. With the mobile version, the thermal design power can no longer be determined from a one- or two-letter suffix but is encoded into the CPU number. Starting with Sandy Bridge, Intel no longer distinguishes the code names of the processor based on number of cores, socket or intended usage; they all use the same code name as the microarchitecture itself.

Ivy Bridge is the codename for Intel's 22 nm die shrink of the Sandy Bridge microarchitecture based on tri-gate ("3D") transistors, introduced in April 2012.

Released on January 20, 2011, the Core i3-2xxx line of desktop and mobile processors is a direct replacement of the 2010 "Clarkdale" Core i3-5xx and "Arrandale" Core i3-3xxM models, based on the new microarchitecture. While they require new sockets and chipsets, the user-visible features of the Core i3 are largely unchanged, including the lack of support for Turbo Boost and AES-NI. Unlike the Sandy Bridge-based Celeron and Pentium processors, the Core i3 line does support the new Advanced Vector Extensions. This particular processor is the entry-level processor of this new series of Intel processors.

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 cache	Socket	TDP	I/O Bus
Sandy Bridge (Desktop)	Core i3-21xx	2	3 MB	LGA 1155	65 W	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU
	Core i3-21xxT				35 W
Sandy Bridge (Mobile)	Core i3-2xx0M			rPGA-988B BGA-1023
	Core i3-2xx7M			BGA-1023	17 W

In January 2011, Intel released new quad-core Core i5 processors based on the "Sandy Bridge" microarchitecture at CES 2011. New dual-core mobile processors and desktop processors arrived in February 2011.

The Core i5-2xxx line of desktop processors are mostly quad-core chips, with the exception of the dual-core Core i5-2390T, and include integrated graphics, combining the key features of the earlier Core i5-6xx and Core i5-7xx lines. The suffix after the four-digit model number designates unlocked multiplier (K), low-power (S) and ultra-low-power (T).

The desktop CPUs now all have four non-SMT cores (like the i5-750), with the exception of the i5-2390T. The DMI bus runs at 5 GT/s.

The mobile Core i5-2xxxM processors are all dual-core and hyper-threaded chips like the previous Core i5-5xxM series, and share most of the features with that product line.

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 cache	Socket	TDP	I/O Bus
Sandy Bridge (Desktop)	Core i5-2xxx Core i5-2xxxK	4	6 MB	LGA 1155	95 W	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU
	Core i5-2xxxS				65 W
	Core i5-25xxT				45 W
	Core i5-23xxT	2	3 MB		35 W
Sandy Bridge (Mobile)	Core i5-2xxxM			rPGA-988B BGA-1023
	Core i5-2xx7M			BGA-1023	17 W

The Core i7 brand was the high-end for Intel's desktop and mobile processors, until the announcement of the i9 in 2017. Its Sandy Bridge models feature the largest amount of L3 cache and the highest clock frequency. Most of these models are very similar to their smaller Core i5 siblings. The quad-core mobile Core i7-2xxxQM/XM processors follow the previous "Clarksfield" Core i7-xxxQM/XM processors, but now also include integrated graphics.

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 cache	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Sandy Bridge-E (Desktop)	Core i7-39xxX	6	15 MB	LGA 2011	130 W	32 nm	Direct Media Interface	November 2011
	Core i7-39xxK		12 MB
	Core i7-38xx	4	10 MB
Sandy Bridge (Desktop)	Core i7-2xxxK, i7-2xxx		8 MB	LGA 1155	95 W		Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	January 2011
	Core i7-2xxxS				65 W
Sandy Bridge (Mobile)	Core i7-2xxxXM			rPGA-988B BGA-1023	55 W
	Core i7-28xxQM				45 W
	Core i7-2xxxQE, i7-26xxQM, i7-27xxQM		6 MB
	Core i7-2xx0M	2	4 MB		35 W			February 2011
	Core i7-2xx9M			BGA-1023	25 W
	Core i7-2xx7M				17 W

3rd generation

Ivy Bridge is the codename for a "third generation" line of processors based on the 22 nm manufacturing process developed by Intel. Mobile versions of the CPU were released in April 2012 following with desktop versions in September 2012.

The Ivy Bridge-based Core-i3-3xxx line is a minor upgrade to 22 nm process technology and better graphics.

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 Cache	Socket	TDP	I/O Bus
Ivy Bridge (Desktop)	Core i3-32xx	2	3 MB	LGA 1155	55 W	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU
	Core i3-32xxT				35 W
Ivy Bridge (Mobile)	Core i3-3xx0M			rPGA-988B BGA-1023
	Core i3-3xx7U			BGA-1023	17 W
	Core i3-3xx9Y				13 W

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 Cache	Socket	TDP	I/O Bus
Ivy Bridge (Desktop)	Core i5-3xxx Core i5-3xxxK	4	6 MB	LGA 1155	77 W	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU
	Core i5-3xxxS				65 W
	Core i5-35xxT				45 W
	Core i5-34xxT	2	3 MB		35 W
Ivy Bridge (Mobile)	Core i5-3xx0M			rPGA-988B BGA-1023
	Core i5-3xx7U			BGA-1023	17 W
	Core i5-3xx9Y				13 W

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 cache	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Ivy Bridge-E (Desktop)	Core i7-4960X	6	15 MB	LGA 2011	130 W	22 nm	Direct Media Interface	September 2013
	Core i7-4930K		12 MB
	Core i7-4820K	4	10 MB
Ivy Bridge (Desktop)	Core i7-37xx, i7-37xxK		8 MB	LGA 1155	77 W		Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	April 2012
	Core i7-37xxS				65 W
	Core i7-37xxT				45 W
Ivy Bridge (Mobile)	Core i7-3xxxXM				55 W
	Core i7-38xxQM				45 W
	Core i7-36x0QM, i7-3xx0QE, i7-36x5QM, i7-3xx5QE, i7-37xxQM		6 MB
	Core i7-3xx2QM, i7-3xx2QE				35 W
	Core i7-3xxxM	2	4 MB
	Core i7-3xxxLE				25 W
	Core i7-3xx7U, i7-3xx7UE				17 W
	Core i7-3xx9Y				13 W			January 2013

4th generation

Haswell is the fourth generation Core processor microarchitecture, and was released in 2013.

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Haswell-DT (Desktop)	Core i3-43xx	2	4 MB	HD 4600	LGA 1150	54 W	22 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	September 2013
	Core i3-43xxT, Core i3-4xxxTE					35 W
	Core i3-41xx		3 MB	HD 4400		54 W
	Core i3-41xxT					35 W
Haswell-MB (Mobile)	Core i3-4xx2E			HD 4600	BGA 1364	25 W
	Core i3-4xx0E					37 W
	Core i3-4xxxM				Socket G3
	Core i3-4xx8U			Iris 5100	BGA 1168	28 W			June 2013
	Core i3-4xx0U, Core i3-4xx5U			HD 4400		15 W
	Core i3-4xxxY			HD 4200		11.5 W

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release date
Haswell-DT (Desktop)	Core i5-4xxx, i5-46xxK	4	6 MB	HD 4600	LGA 1150	84 W	22 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	June 2013
	Core i5-4xxxS					65 W
	Core i5-46xxT					45 W
	Core i5-45xxT, Core i5-45xxTE	2	4 MB			35 W
						65 W
Haswell-H (MCP)	Core i5-4xxxR	4	4 MB	Iris Pro 5200	BGA 1364	65 W
Haswell-MB (Mobile)	Core i5-4xxxH	2	3 MB	HD 4600		47 W			September 2013
	Core i5-4xx2E					25 W
	Core i5-4xx0E					37 W
	Core i5-4xxxM				Socket G3
	Core i5-4xx8U			Iris 5100	BGA1168	28 W			June 2013
	Core i5-4x50U			HD 5000		15 W
	Core i5-4x00U			HD 4400
	Core i5-4xxxY			HD 4200		11.5 W

Codename	Brand name (list)	Cores	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Haswell-E (Desktop)[61]	Core i7-5960X	8	20 MB	N/A	LGA 2011-3	140 W	22 nm	Direct Media Interface	September 2014
	Core i7-5930K	6	15 MB
	Core i7-5820K
Haswell-DT (Desktop)	Core i7-47xx, i7-47xxK	4	8 MB	HD 4600	LGA 1150	84 W		Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	June 2013
	Core i7-47xxS					65 W
	Core i7-47x0T					45 W
	Core i7-47x5T					35 W
	Core i7-47xxR		6 MB	Iris Pro 5200	BGA 1364	65 W
Haswell-MB (Mobile)	Core i7-4x50HQ, Core i7-4x60HQ Core i7-4x50EQ, Core i7-4x60EQ					47 W
	Core i7-47x2HQ, Core i7-47x2EQ Core i7-470xHQ, Core i7-470xEQ			HD 4600		37 W 47 W
	Core i7-47x2MQ Core i7-470xMQ				Socket G3	37 W 47 W
	Core i7-49xxMQ, Core i7-4xxxXM		8 MB			57 W
	Core i7-4xxxM	2	4 MB			35 W			September 2013
	Core i7-4xx8U			Iris 5100	BGA 1168	28 W			June 2013
	Core i7-4x50U			HD 5000		15 W
	Core i7-4x00U			HD 4400
	Core i7-4xxxY			HD 4200		11.5 W

5th generation

Broadwell is the fifth generation Core processor microarchitecture, and was released by Intel on September 6, 2014, and began shipping in late 2014. It is the first to use a 14 nm chip.^[62] Additionally, mobile processors were launched in January 2015^[63] and Desktop Core i5 and i7 processors were released in June 2015.^[64]

Desktop processor (DT-Series)

Processor branding	Model (list)	Cores (Threads)	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Core i7	5775C	4 (8)	6 MB	Iris 6200	LGA 1150	65 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	June 2015
	5775R
Core i5	5675C	4 (4)	4 MB
	5675R
	5575R

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model (list)	Cores (Threads)	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Core i7	5xx7U	2 (4)	4 MB	Iris 6100	BGA 1168	28 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	January 2015
	5x50U			HD 6000		15 W
	5x00U			HD 5500
Core i5	5xx7U	2 (2)	3 MB	Iris 6100		28 W
	5x50U			HD 6000		15 W
	5x00U			HD 5500
Core i3	5xx7U			Iris 6100		28 W
	5xx5U			HD 5500		15 W
	5xx0U

Mobile Processors (Y-Series)

Processor branding	Model (list)	Cores (Threads)	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Core M	5Yxx	2 (2)	4 MB	HD 5300	BGA 1234	4.5 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	September 2014

6th generation

Broadwell microarchitecture

Processor branding	Model (list)	Cores (Threads)	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release Date
Core i7	6800K	6 (12)	15 MB	N/A	LGA 2011-3	140 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface	Q2'16
	6850K
	6900K	8 (16)	20 MB
	6950X	10 (20)	25 MB

Skylake microarchitecture

Skylake is the sixth generation Core processor microarchitecture, and was launched in August 2015 before i9 series. Being the successor to the Broadwell line, it is a redesign using the same 14 nm manufacturing process technology; however the redesign has better CPU and GPU performance and reduced power consumption. Intel also disabled overclocking non -K processors.

Desktop processors (DT-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores/Threads	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release date
Core i7	6700K	4/8	8 MB	HD 530	LGA 1151	91 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	August 2015
	6700					65 W			September 2015
	6700T					35 W
	6785R			Iris Pro 580		65 W			May 2016
Core i5	6600K	4/4	6 MB	HD 530		91 W			September 2015
	6600					65 W
	6500
	6400
	6402P			HD 510					December 2015
	6xx0R			HD 530		35 W			June 2016
	6xx0T								September 2015
Core i3	6320	2/4	4 MB	HD 530		51 W
	6300
	6300T					35 W
	6100		3 MB	HD 530		51 W
	6100T					35 W
	6098P			HD 510		54 W			December 2015

Mobile processors (H-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores/Threads	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release date
Core i3	6100H	2/4	3 MB	HD 530	FBGA 1356	35 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	September 2015

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores/Threads	L3 cache	GPU Model	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Release date
Core i7	6650U	2/4	4 MB	Iris 540	FCBGA 1356	15 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface, Integrated GPU	September 2015
	6600U			HD 520		25 W
	6567U			Iris 550		28 W
	6x60U			Iris 540		15 W
	6x00U			HD 520
Core i5	62x7U			Iris 550		28 W
	6360U			Iris 540		9.5 W
	6300U			HD 520		15 W
	6260U			Iris 540
	6200U		3 MB	HD 520
Core i3	6167U			HD 550		28 W
	6100U			HD 520		15 W
	6006U			HD 520					November 2016

Era of i9 series/Pre-Era of Core Ultra

7th generation

Skylake microarchitecture

High-end Desktop processors (X-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores/Threads	L3 cache	Socket	TDP	Process	I/O Bus	Price
Core i9	7980XE	18/36	24.75 MB	LGA 2066	165 W	14 nm	Direct Media Interface	$1999
	7960X	16/32	22 MB					$1699
	7940X	14/28	19.25 MB					$1399
	7920X	12/24	16.5 MB		140 W			$1199
	7900X	10/20	13.75 MB					$999
Core i7	7820X	8/16	11 MB					$599
	7800X	6/12	8.25 MB					$389

Kaby Lake

Kaby Lake is the codename for the seventh generation Core processor, and was launched in October 2016 (mobile chips)^[65] and January 2017 (desktop chips).^[66] With the latest generation of microarchitecture, Intel decided to produce Kaby Lake processors without using their "tick–tock" manufacturing and design model.^[67] Kaby Lake features the same Skylake microarchitecture and is fabricated using Intel's 14 nanometer manufacturing process technology.^[67]

Built on an improved 14 nm process (14FF+), Kaby Lake features faster CPU clock speeds and Turbo frequencies. Beyond these process and clock speed changes, little of the CPU architecture has changed from Skylake, resulting in identical IPC.

Kaby Lake features a new graphics architecture to improve performance in 3D graphics and 4K video playback. It adds native High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection 2.2 support, along with fixed function decode of H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, High Efficiency Video Coding Main and Main10/10-bit, and VP9 10-bit and 8-bit video. Hardware encode is supported for H.264/MPEG-4 AVC, HEVC Main10/10-bit, and VP9 8-bit video. VP9 10-bit encode is not supported in hardware. OpenCL 2.1 is now supported.

Kaby Lake is the first Core architecture to support hyper-threading for the Pentium-branded desktop CPU SKU. Kaby Lake also features the first overclocking-enabled i3-branded CPU.

Features common to desktop Kaby Lake CPUs:

• LGA 1151 socket
• DMI 3.0 and PCIe 3.0 interfaces
• Dual channel memory support in the following configurations: DDR3L-1600 1.35 V (32 GiB maximum) or DDR4-2400 1.2 V (64 GiB maximum)
• A total of 16 PCIe lanes
• The Core-branded processors support the AVX2 instruction set. The Celeron and Pentium-branded ones support only SSE4.1/4.2
• 350 MHz base graphics clock rate
• No L4 cache (eDRAM).
• A release date of January 3, 2017

Desktop processors (S-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	CPU Turbo clock rate			GPU model	Maximum GPU clock rate	L3 cache	TDP	Price (USD)
				Single core	Dual core	Quad core
Core i7	7700K	4 (8)	4.2 GHz	4.5 GHz	4.4 GHz	4.4 GHz	HD 630	1150 MHz	8 MB	91 W	$350
	7700		3.6 GHz	4.2 GHz	4.1 GHz	4.0 GHz				65 W	$312
	7700T		2.9 GHz	3.8 GHz	3.7 GHz	3.6 GHz				35 W
Core i5	7600K	4 (4)	3.8 GHz	4.2 GHz	4.1 GHz	4.0 GHz			6 MB	91 W	$243
	7600		3.5 GHz	4.1 GHz	4.0 GHz	3.9 GHz				65 W	$224
	7600T		2.8 GHz	3.7 GHz	3.6 GHz	3.5 GHz		1100 MHz		35 W
	7500		3.4 GHz	3.8 GHz	3.7 GHz	3.6 GHz				65 W	$202
	7500T		2.7 GHz	3.3 GHz	3.2 GHz	3.1 GHz				35 W
	7400		3.0 GHz	3.5 GHz	3.4 GHz	3.3 GHz		1000 MHz		65 W	$182
	7400T		2.4 GHz	3.0 GHz	2.9 GHz	2.7 GHz				35 W	$187
Core i3	7350K	2 (4)	4.2 GHz	N/A				1150 MHz	4 MB	60 W	$179
	7320		4.1 GHz							51 W	$157
	7300		4.0 GHz								$147
	7300T		3.5 GHz					1100 MHz		35 W
	7100		3.9 GHz						3 MB	51 W	$117
	7100T		3.4 GHz							35 W
	7101E		3.9 GHz							54 W
	7101TE		3.4 GHz							35 W

Mobile Processors (H-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	CPU Turbo clock rate			GPU	GPU clock rate		L3 cache	Max. PCIe lanes	TDP	cTDP		Release date	Price (USD)
				Single core	Dual core	Quad core		Base	Max.				Up	Down
Core i7	7920HQ	4 (8)	3.1 GHz	4.1 GHz	3.9 GHz	3.7 GHz	HD 630	350 MHz	1100 MHz	8 MB	16	45 W	N/A	35 W	Q1 2017	$568
	7820HQ		2.9 GHz	3.9 GHz	3.7 GHz	3.5 GHz										$378
	7820HK
	7700HQ		2.8 GHz	3.8 GHz	3.6 GHz	3.4 GHz				6 MB
Core i5	7440HQ	4 (4)							1000 MHz							$250
	7300HQ		2.5 GHz	3.5 GHz	3.3 GHz	3.1 GHz
Core i3	7100H	2 (4)	3.0 GHz	N/A					950 MHz	3 MB		35 W		N/A		$225

Mobile Processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	CPU Turbo clock rate		GPU	GPU clock rate		L3 cache	L4 cache	Max. PCIe lanes	TDP	cTDP		Release date	Price (USD)
				Single core	Dual core		Base	Max.					Up	Down
Core i7	7660U	2 (4)	2.5 GHz	4.0 GHz	?	Iris Plus 640	300 MHz	1100 MHz	4 MB	64 MB	12	15 W	N/A	9.5 W	Q1 2017	?
	7600U		2.8 GHz	3.9 GHz		HD 620		1150 MHz		N/A			25 W	7.5 W		$393
	7567U		3.5 GHz	4.0 GHz		Iris Plus 650				64 MB		28 W	N/A	23 W		?
	7560U		2.4 GHz	3.8 GHz		Iris Plus 640		1050 MHz				15 W		9.5 W
	7500U		2.7 GHz	3.5 GHz		HD 620				N/A			25 W	7.5 W	Q3 2016	$393
Core i5	7360U		2.3 GHz	3.6 GHz		Iris Plus 640		1000 MHz	4 MB	64 MB	12	15 W	N/A	9.5 W	Q1 2017	?
	7300U		2.6 GHz	3.5 GHz		HD 620		1100 MHz	3 MB	N/A	12	15 W	25 W	7.5 W		$281
	7287U		3.3 GHz	3.7 GHz		Iris Plus 650			4 MB	64 MB		28 W	N/A	23 W		?
	7267U		3.1 GHz	3.5 GHz				1050 MHz
	7260U		2.2 GHz	3.4 GHz		Iris Plus 640		950 MHz				15 W		9.5 W
	7200U		2.5 GHz	3.1 GHz		HD 620		1000 MHz	3 MB	N/A			25 W	7.5 W	Q3 2016	$281
Core i3	7167U		2.8 GHz	N/A		Iris Plus 650		1000 MHz	3 MB	64 MB	12	28 W	N/A	23 W	Q1 2017	?
	7100U		2.4 GHz			HD 620				N/A		15 W		7.5 W	Q3 2016	$281

Mobile Processors (Y-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	CPU Turbo clock rate		GPU	GPU clock rate		L3 cache	Max. PCIe lanes	TDP	cTDP		Release date	Price (USD)
				Single core	Dual core		Base	Max.				Up	Down
Core i7	7Y75	2 (4)	1.3 GHz	3.6 GHz	3.4 GHz	HD 615	300 MHz	1050 MHz	4 MB	10	4.5 W	7 W	3.5 W	Q3 2016	$393
Core i5	7Y57		1.2 GHz	3.3 GHz	2.9 GHz			950 MHz						Q1 2017	$281
	7Y54			3.2 GHz	2.8 GHz									Q3 2016
Core i3	7Y30		1.0 GHz	2.6 GHz	?			900 MHz
	7Y32		1.1 GHz	3.0 GHz										Q2 2017

Kaby Lake-X processors are modified versions of Kaby Lake-S processors that fit into the LGA 2066 socket. However, they can't take advantage of the unique features of the platform.

High-end Desktop processors (X-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	CPU Turbo clock rate			L3 cache	TDP	Price (USD)
				Single core	Dual core	Quad core
Core i7	7740X	4 (8)	4.3 GHz	4.5 GHz	4.4 GHz	4.4 GHz	8 MB	112 W	$339
Core i5	7640X	4 (4)	4.0 GHz	4.2 GHz	4.1 GHz	4.0 GHz	6 MB		$242

8th generation

Kaby Lake Refresh

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	CPU Turbo clock rate			GPU	GPU clock rate		L3 cache	L4 cache	Max. PCIe lanes	TDP	cTDP		Release date	Price (USD)
				Single core	Dual core	Quad core		Base	Max.					Up	Down
Core i7	8650U	4 (8)	1.9 GHz	4.2 GHz		3.9 GHz	UHD 620	300 MHz	1150 MHz	8 MB	rowspan="4"	12	15 W	25 W	10 W	Q3 2017	$409
	8550U		1.8 GHz	4.0 GHz		3.7 GHz
Core i5	8350U		1.7 GHz	3.6 GHz					1100 MHz	6 MB	$297
	8250U		1.6 GHz	3.4 GHz

Coffee Lake microarchitecture

Coffee Lake is a codename for the eighth generation Intel Core family and was launched in October 2017. For the first time in the ten-year history of Intel Core processors, the Coffee Lake generation features an increase in core counts across the desktop lineup of processors, a significant drive of improved performance versus previous generations despite similar per-clock performance.

Increase in number of CPU cores in desktop Coffee Lake processors

	Kaby Lake (7th Generation)	Coffee Lake (8th Generation)
	Cores / Threads	Cores / Threads
Core i3	2 / 4	4 / 4
Core i5	4 / 4	6 / 6
Core i7	4 / 8	6 / 12

* Intel Hyper-threading capabilities allow an enabled processor to execute two threads per physical core

Coffee Lake features largely the same CPU core and performance per MHz as Skylake/Kaby Lake.^[68][69] Features specific to Coffee Lake include:

• Following similar refinements to the 14 nm process in Skylake and Kaby Lake, Coffee Lake is the third 14 nm process refinement ("14nm++") and features increased transistor gate pitch for a lower current density and higher leakage transistors which allows higher peak power and higher frequency at the expense of die area and idle power.
• Coffee Lake will be used in conjunction with the 300-series chipset and is incompatible with the older 100- and 200-series chipsets.^[70][71]
• Increased L3 cache in accordance to the number of cores
• Increased turbo clock speeds across i5 and i7 CPUs models (increased by up to 200 MHz)
• Increased iGPU clock speeds by 50 MHz
• DDR4 memory support updated for 2666 MHz (for i5 and i7 parts) and 2400 MHz (for i3 parts); DDR3 memory is no longer supported

Desktop processors (S-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base CPU clock rate	Turbo clock rate[72] [GHz]						GPU	max GPU clock rate	L3 cache	TDP	Memory support	Price (USD)
				Number of cores used
				1	2	3	4	5	6
Core i7	8086K	6 (12)	4.0 GHz	5.0	4.6	4.5	4.4		4.3	UHD 630	1.20 GHz	12 MB	95 W	DDR4 2666	$425
	8700K		3.7 GHz	4.7											$359
	8700		3.2 GHz	4.6	4.5	4.4	4.3						65 W		$303
	8700T		2.4 GHz	4.0	4.0	3.9		3.8					35 W
Core i5	8600K	6 (6)	3.6 GHz	4.3	4.2			4.1			1.15 GHz	9 MB	95 W		$257
	8600		3.1 GHz										65 W		$213
	8600T		2.3 GHz	3.7	3.6			3.5					35 W
	8500		3.0 GHz	4.1	4.0			3.9			1.10 GHz		65 W		$192
	8500T		2.1 GHz	3.5	3.4	3.3		3.2					35 W
	8400		2.8 GHz	4.0	3.9			3.8			1.05 GHz		65 W		$182
	8400T		1.7 GHz	3.3	3.2	3.1		3.0					35 W
Core i3	8350K	4 (4)	4.0 GHz	colspan="6" rowspan="5"	1.15 GHz	8 MB	91 W	DDR4 2400	$168
	8300		3.7 GHz	62 W			$138
	8300T		3.2 GHz	35 W
	8100		3.6 GHz	1.10 GHz	6 MB	65 W	$117
	8100T		3.1 GHz			35 W

* Processors Core i3-8100 and Core i3-8350K with stepping B0 actually belong to "Kaby Lake-S" family

Mobile processors (H-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	Max. Turbo clock rate	GPU	GPU clock rate		L3 cache	TDP	cTDP		Price (USD)
						Base	Max.			Down	Up
Core i7	8850H	6 (12)	2.6 GHz	4.3 GHz	UHD 630	350 MHz	1.15 GHz	9 MB	45 W	35 W	N/A	$395
	8750H		2.2 GHz	4.1 GHz			1.10 GHz
	8700B		3.2 GHz	4.6 GHz			1.20 GHz	12 MB	65 W			$303
Core i5	8500B	6 (6)	3.0 GHz	4.1 GHz			1.10 GHz	9 MB				$192
	8400B		2.8 GHz	4.0 GHz			1.05 GHz					$182
	8400H	4 (8)	2.5 GHz	4.2 GHz			1.10 GHz	8 MB	45 W			$250
	8300H		2.3 GHz	4.0 GHz			1.00 GHz					$250
Core i3	8100H	4 (4)	3.0 GHz	N/A				6 MB				$225

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	Max. Turbo clock rate	GPU	GPU clock rate		L3 cache	L4 cache (eDRAM)	TDP	cTDP		Price (USD)
						Base	Max.				Down	Up
Core i7	8559U	4 (8)	2.7 GHz	4.5 GHz	Iris Plus 655	300 MHz	1.20 GHz	8 MB	128 MB	28 W	20 W	N/A	$431
Core i5	8269U		2.6 GHz	4.2 GHz			1.10 GHz	6 MB					$320
	8259U		2.3 GHz	3.8 GHz			1.05 GHz		N/A
Core i3	8109U	2 (4)	3.0 GHz	3.6 GHz	UHD 630		1.10 GHz	4 MB

Amber Lake microarchitecture

Amber Lake is a refinement over the low power Mobile Kaby Lake CPUs.

Mobile Processors (Y-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate		GPU	Max GPU clock rate	L3 cache	TDP	cTDP		Price
			Base	Max turbo					Up	Down
Core i7	8510Y Archived July 28, 2020 at the Wayback Machine	2 (4)	1.8 GHz	3.9 GHz	UHD 617	1050 MHz	4 MB	7 W	N/A		$393
	8500Y		1.5 GHz	4.2 GHz	UHD 615			5 W	7 W	3.5 W	$393
Core i5	8310Y		1.6 GHz	3.9 GHz	UHD 617			7 W	N/A		$281
	8210Y			3.6 GHz
	8200Y		1.3 GHz	3.9 GHz	UHD 615	950 MHz		5 W	7 W	3.5 W	$291
Core m3	8100Y		1.1 GHz	3.4 GHz		900 MHz			8 W	4.5 W	$281

Whiskey Lake microarchitecture

Whiskey Lake is Intel's codename for the third 14 nm Skylake process-refinement, following Kaby Lake Refresh and Coffee Lake. Intel announced low power mobile Whiskey Lake CPUs availability on August 28, 2018.^[73][74] It has not yet been advertised whether this CPU architecture contains hardware mitigations for Meltdown/Spectre class vulnerabilities—various sources contain conflicting information.^{[75][76][74][77]} Unofficially it was announced that Whiskey Lake has hardware mitigations against Meltdown and L1TF while Spectre V2 requires software mitigations as well as microcode/firmware update.^{[78][79][80][81]}

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	Turbo clock GHz Num of cores			GPU	Max GPU clock rate	L3 cache	cTDP		Memory	Price
				1	2	4				Up	Down
Core i7	8665U	4 (8)	1.9 GHz	4.8			UHD 620	1150 MHz	8 MB	25 W	10 W	DDR4-2400 LPDDR3-2133	$409
	8565U		1.8 GHz	4.6	4.5	4.1							$409
Core i5	8365U		1.6 GHz	4.1				1100 MHz	6 MB				$297
	8265U			3.9	3.9	3.7							$297
Core i3	8145U	2 (4)	2.1 GHz	3.9	3.7			1000 MHz	4 MB				$281

Cannon Lake microarchitecture

Cannon Lake (formerly Skymont) is Intel's codename for the 10 nanometer die shrink of the Kaby Lake microarchitecture. As a die shrink, Cannon Lake is a new process in Intel's "process–architecture–optimization" execution plan as the next step in semiconductor fabrication.^[82] Cannon Lake are the first mainstream CPUs to include the AVX-512 instruction set. In comparison to the previous generation AVX2 (AVX-256), the new generation AVX-512 most notably provides double the width of data registers and double the number of registers. These enhancements would allow for twice the number of floating point operations per register due to the increased width in addition to doubling the overall number of registers, resulting in theoretical performance improvements of up to four times the performance of AVX2.^[83][84]

At CES 2018, Intel announced that they had started shipping mobile Cannon Lake CPUs at the end of 2017 and that they would ramp up production in 2018.^[85][86][87] No further details were disclosed.

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	CPU Turbo clock rate	GPU	GPU clock rate		L3 cache	TDP	cTDP	Price (USD)
						Base	Max.			Down
Core i3	8121U[88][89]	2 (4)	2.2 GHz	3.2 GHz	N/A			4 MB	15 W	N/A	?

9th generation

Skylake microarchitecture

The 9th generation Coffee Lake CPUs are updated versions of previous Skylake X-Series CPUs with clockspeed improvements.

High-end Desktop processors (X-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores/Threads	Base Clock	Single Core Turbo Clock	L3 cache	TDP	Price
Core i9	9980XE	18/36	3.0 GHz	4.5 GHz	24.75 MB	165 W	$1979
	9960X	16/32	3.1 GHz		22 MB		$1684
	9940X	14/28	3.3 GHz		19.25 MB		$1387
	9920X	12/24	3.5 GHz				$1189
	9900X	10/20					$989
	9820X		3.3 GHz	4.2 GHz	16.5 MB		$889
Core i7	9800X	8/16	3.8 GHz	4.5 GHz			$589

Coffee Lake Refresh microarchitecture

The 9th generation Coffee Lake CPUs were released in the fourth quarter of 2018. They include hardware mitigations against certain Meltdown/Spectre vulnerabilities.^[90][91]

For the first time in Intel consumer CPU history, these CPUs support up to 128 GB RAM.^[92]

Increase in number of CPU cores in desktop 9th Generation processors

	8th Generation	9th Generation
	Cores / Threads	Cores / Threads
Core i3	4 / 4	4 / 4
Core i5	6 / 6	6 / 6
Core i7	6 / 12	8 / 8
Core i9	6 / 12	8 / 16

* Intel Hyper-threading capabilities allow an enabled processor to execute two threads per physical core

Even though the F suffix CPUs lack an integrated GPU, Intel set the same price for these CPUs as their featureful counterparts.^[93]

Desktop processors (S-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)	Base CPU clock rate	Turbo clock rate[94] [GHz]								GPU	max GPU clock rate	L3 cache	TDP	Memory support	Price (USD)
				Number of cores used
				1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Core i9	9900KS	8 (16)	4.0 GHz	5.0								UHD 630	1.20 GHz	16 MB	127 W *	DDR4-2666	$524
	9900K		3.6 GHz	5.0		4.8		4.7							95 W *		$488
	9900KF											colspan="2"
Core i7	9700K	8 (8)	3.6 GHz	4.9	4.8	4.7		4.6				UHD 630	1.20 GHz	12 MB	95 W		$374
	9700KF											colspan="2"
Core i5	9600K	6 (6)	3.7 GHz	4.6	4.5	4.4		4.3		colspan="2" rowspan="7"	UHD 630	1.15 GHz	9 MB	$262
	9600KF									colspan="2"
	9400		2.9 GHz	4.1						UHD 630	1.05 GHz	65 W		$182
	9400F									colspan="2"
Core i3	9350KF	4 (4)	4.0 GHz	4.6						colspan="2"	8 MB	91 W	DDR4-2400	$173
	9100F		3.6 GHz	4.2						colspan="2"	6 MB	65 W		$122
	9100									UHD 630					1.1 GHz

* various reviews show that the Core i9 9900K CPU may consume over 140 W under load. The Core i9 9900KS may consume even more.^{[95][96][97][98]}

Mobile processors (H-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)	Base CPU clock rate	Single Core Turbo clock rate [GHz]	GPU	Max GPU clock rate	L3 cache	TDP	Memory support	Price (USD)
Core i9	9980HK	8 (16)	2.4 GHz	5.0	HD 630	1.25 GHz	16 MB	45 W	DDR4-2666	$583
	9880H		2.3 GHz	4.8		1.20 GHz				$556
Core i7	9850H	6 (12)	2.6 GHz	4.6		1.15 GHz	12 MB			$395
	9750H			4.5
Core i5	9400H	4 (8)	2.5 GHz	4.3		1.10 GHz	8 MB			$250
	9300H		2.4 GHz	4.1		1.05 GHz

10th generation

Cascade Lake microarchitecture

Cascade Lake X-Series CPUs are the 10th generation versions of the previous Skylake X-Series CPUs. They offer minor clockspeed improvements and a highly reduced price.

High-end Desktop processors (X-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores/Threads	Base Clock	Single Core Turbo Clock	All Core Turbo Clock	L3 cache	TDP	Price
Core i9	10980XE	18/36	3.0 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.8 GHz	24.75 MB	165 W	$979
	10940X	14/28	3.3 GHz		4.1 GHz	19.25 MB		$784
	10920X	12/24	3.5 GHz		4.3 GHz			$689
	10900X	10/20	3.7 GHz	4.7 GHz				$590

Ice Lake microarchitecture

Ice Lake is codename for Intel's 10th generation Intel Core processors, representing an enhancement of the 'architecture' of the preceding generation Kaby Lake/Cannon Lake processors (as specified in Intel's process–architecture–optimization execution plan). As the successor to Cannon Lake, Ice Lake uses Intel's newer 10 nm+ fabrication process, and is powered by the Sunny Cove microarchitecture.

Ice Lake are the first Intel CPUs to feature in-silicon mitigations for the hardware vulnerabilities discovered in 2017, Meltdown and Spectre. These side-channel attacks exploit branch prediction's use of speculative execution. These exploits may cause the CPU to reveal cached private information which the exploiting process is not intended to be able to access as a form of timing attack.^{[citation needed]}

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base CPU clock rate	Turbo clock GHz Num of cores			GPU			L3 cache	TDP	cTDP		Price
				1	2	4	Series	EUs	Max clock rate			Up	Down
Core i7	1065G7	4 (8)	1.3 GHz	3.9		3.5	Iris Plus	64	1.1 GHz	8 MiB	15 W	25 W	12 W	$426
Core i5	1035G7		1.2 GHz	3.7		3.3			1.05 GHz	6 MiB	15 W	25 W	12 W	$320
	1035G4		1.1 GHz					48						$309
	1035G1		1.0 GHz	3.6			UHD	32					13 W	$297
Core i3	1005G1	2 (4)	1.2 GHz	3.4			UHD	32	0.9 GHz	4 MiB	15 W	25 W	13 W	$281

Mobile processors (Y-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base CPU clock rate	Turbo clock GHz Num of cores			GPU			L3 cache	TDP	cTDP		Price
				1	2	4	Series	EUs	Max clock rate			Up	Down
Core i7	1060G7	4 (8)	1.0 GHz	3.8		3.4	Iris Plus	64	1.1 GHz	8 MiB	9 W	12 W
Core i5	1030G7		0.8 GHz	3.5		3.2	Iris Plus	64		6 MiB	9 W	12 W
	1030G4		0.7 GHz					48
Core i3	1000NG4	2 (4)	1.1 GHz	3.2			Iris Plus	48	0.9 GHz	4 MiB	9 W
	1000G4											12 W
	1000G1						UHD	32

Comet Lake microarchitecture

Comet Lake is Intel's codename for the fourth 14 nm Skylake process-refinement, following Whiskey Lake. Intel announced low power mobile Comet Lake CPUs availability on August 21, 2019.^[99]

Increase in number of CPU cores in desktop 10th generation processors

	9th generation	10th generation
	Cores / threads	Cores / threads
Core i3	4 / 4	4 / 8
Core i5	6 / 6	6 / 12
Core i7	8 / 8	8 / 16
Core i9	8 / 16	10 / 20

Desktop processors (S-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)	CPU clock rate (GHz)				GPU		Smart cache (MB)	TDP		Memory support	Price (USD)
			Base	All-Core Turbo	Turbo Boost 2.0	Turbo Boost Max 3.0	Model	max clock rate (GHz)
										Down	Base
Core i9	10900K	10 (20)	3.7	4.8	5.1	5.2	UHD 630	1.20	20	95	125	DDR4-2933 2-channel up to 128 GB	$488
	10900KF						colspan="2"	$472
	10910		3.6	4.7	rowspan="3" 5.0 GHz |5.0		UHD 630	1.20					OEM
	10900		2.8	4.5	5.1	rowspan="2"				65	$438
	10900F					colspan="2"	$422
	10900T		1.9	3.7	4.5	4.6	UHD 630	1.20		25	35		$438
	10850K		3.6	4.7	5.0	5.1				95	125		$453
Core i7	10700K	8 (16)	3.8						16				$374
	10700KF						colspan="2"	$349
	10700		2.9	4.6	4.7	4.8	UHD 630	1.20		rowspan="2"	65		$323
	10700F						colspan="2"	$298
	10700T		2.0	3.7	4.4	4.5	UHD 630	1.20		25	35		$325
Core i5	10600K	6 (12)	4.1	4.5	4.8	rowspan="15"			12	95	125	DDR4-2666 2-channel up to 128 GB	$262
	10600KF					colspan="2"	$237
	10600		3.3	4.4	4.8	UHD 630	1.20			65	$213
	10600T		2.4	3.7	4.0			25		35
	10500		3.1	4.2	4.5		1.15			65	$192
	10500T		2.3	3.5	3.8			25		35
	10400		2.9	4.0	4.3		1.10	rowspan="2"		65	$182
	10400F					colspan="2"	$157
	10400T		2.0	3.2	3.6	UHD 630	1.10	25		35	$182
Core i3	10320	4 (8)	3.8	4.4	4.6		1.15	8	rowspan="2"	65	$154
	10300		3.7	4.2	4.4				$143
	10300T		3.0	3.6	3.9		1.10			25	35
	10100		3.6	4.1	4.3			6	rowspan="2"	65	$122
	10100F					colspan="2"	$79 - $97
	10100T		3.0	3.5	3.8	UHD 630	1.10		25	35	p

Mobile processors (H-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)	CPU clock speed (GHz)		GPU		Smart cache (MB)	TDP (W)			Memory support	Price (USD)
			Base	Max. Turbo	Model	Max. freq. (GHz)
								Down	Base	Up
Core i9	10980HK	8 (16)	2.4	5.3	UHD 630	1.25	16		45	65	DDR4-2933 2-channel up to 128 GB	$583
	10885H							35		rowspan="9"		$556
Core i7	10875H		2.3	5.1		1.20				$450
	10870H		2.2	5.0						$417
	10850H	6 (12)	2.7	5.1		1.15	12			$395
	10750H		2.6	5.0
Core i5	10500H		2.5	4.5		1.05				$250
	10400H	4 (8)	2.6	4.6		1.10	8
	10300H		2.5	4.5		1.05
	10200H		2.4	4.1	UHD 610

Mobile processors (U-Series)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)	CPU clock speed (GHz)		GPU		L3 cache (MB)	TDP			Memory support	Price (USD)
			Base	Max. Turbo	Model	Max. freq.
								Down	Base	Up
Core i7	10810U	6 (12)	1.1	4.9	UHD 620	1.15	12	12.5	15	25	DDR4-2666 LPDDR3-2133	$443
	10710U			4.7
	10610U	4 (8)	1.8	4.9			8	10				$409
	10510U
Core i5	10310U		1.7	4.4			6					$297
	10210U		1.6	4.2		1.10
Core i3	10110U	2 (4)	2.1	4.1		1.00	4					$281

Comet Lake Refresh microarchitecture

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)	CPU clock rate (GHz)			GPU		Smart cache (MB)	TDP		Memory support	Price (USD)
			Base	All-Core Turbo	Turbo Boost 2.0	Model	Max. freq.
									Down	Base
Core i5	10505	6 (12)	3.2	4.3	4.6	UHD 630	1.2	12	N/A	65	DDR4-2666 2-channel up to 128 GB	$192
Core i3	10325	4 (8)	3.9	4.5	4.7		1.15	8	rowspan="2"	65		$154
	10305		3.8	4.3	4.5				$143
	10305T		3.0	3.7	4.0		1.10			25		35
	10105		3.7	4.2	4.4			6	rowspan="2"	65		$122
	10105F					colspan="2"	$97
	10105T		3.0	3.6	3.9	UHD 630	1.10		25	35		$122

Amber Lake Refresh microarchitecture

List of Amber Lake Refresh Y-series processors

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	CPU clock rate	Turbo Boost clock rate			GPU	Max GPU clock rate	L3 cache	TDP	cTDP		Memory	Price
				1 core	2 cores	4 cores					Up	Down
Core i7	10510Y	4 (8)	1.2 GHz	4.5 GHz		3.2 GHz	UHD for 10th Gen Processors	1150 MHz	8 MB	7 W	9 W	4.5 W	LPDDR3-2133	US$403
Core i5	10310Y		1.1 GHz	4.1 GHz		2.8 GHz		1050 MHz	6 MB			5.5 W		US$292
	10210Y		1.0 GHz	4.0 GHz		2.7 GHz						4.5 W
Core i3	10110Y	2 (4)			3.7 GHz			1000 MHz	4 MB			5.5 W		US$287

11th generation

Tiger Lake

Launched on September 2, 2020.

• All models support DDR4-3200 memory
• All models support 20 reconfigurable PCI Express 4.0 lanes, allowing x16 Gen 4 link for discrete GPU and x4 Gen 4 link for M.2 SSDs

Mobile processors (Tiger Lake-H)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base freq at TDP			Max Turbo freq, active cores				UHD Graphics		Smart cache	TDP	Price
			@35 W	@45 W	@65 W	1 or 2	4	6	All	EUs	Max freq
Core i9	11980HK	8 (16)		2.6 GHz	3.3 GHz	5.0 GHz	4.9 GHz	4.7 GHz	4.5 GHz	32	1.45 GHz	24 MB	45-65 W	$583
	11950H vPro		2.1 GHz		N/A								35-45 W	$556
	11900H			2.5 GHz		4.9 GHz	4.8 GHz	4.6 GHz	4.4 GHz					$546
Core i7	11850H vPro					4.8 GHz	4.8 GHz	4.6 GHz	4.3 GHz					$395
	11800H		1.9 GHz	2.3 GHz		4.6 GHz	4.5 GHz	4.4 GHz	4.2 GHz
Core i5	11500H vPro	6 (12)	2.4 GHz	2.9 GHz		4.6 GHz	4.4 GHz	4.2 GHz				12 MB		$250
	11400H		2.2 GHz	2.7 GHz		4.5 GHz	4.3 GHz	4.1 GHz		16
	11260H		2.1 GHz	2.6 GHz		4.4 GHz	4.2 GHz	4.0 GHz			1.40 GHz

Mobile processors (Tiger Lake-H35)

• All models support DDR4-3200 or LPDDR4X-4267 memory

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base freq at TDP		Max Turbo freq active cores			Iris Xe Graphics		Smart cache	TDP	Price
			@28 W	@35 W	1	2	All	EUs	Max freq
Core i7	11390H	4 (8)	2.9 GHz	3.4 GHz	5.0 GHz		4.6 GHz	96	1.40 GHz	12 MB	28-35 W	$426
	11375H		3.0 GHz	3.3 GHz	5.0 GHz	4.8 GHz	4.3 GHz		1.35 GHz			$482
	11370H				4.8 GHz							$426
Core i5	11320H		2.5 GHz	3.2 GHz	4.5 GHz					8 MB		$309
	11300H		2.6 GHz	3.1 GHz	4.4 GHz		4.0 GHz	80	1.30 GHz

Mobile processors (UP3-class)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base freq at TDP			Max Turbo freq		GPU			Smart cache	TDP	Memory support	Price
			@12 W	@15 W	@28 W	1 Core	All Cores	Series	EUs	Max freq
Core i7	1195G7	4 (8)	1.3 GHz		2.9 GHz	5.0 GHz	4.6 GHz	Iris Xe	96	1.40 GHz	12 MB	12-28 W	DDR4-3200 LPDDR4X-4267	$426
	1185G7 vPro		1.2 GHz	1.8 GHz[9]	3.0 GHz	4.8 GHz	4.3 GHz			1.35 GHz
	1165G7		1.2 GHz	1.7 GHz	2.8 GHz	4.7 GHz	4.1 GHz			1.30 GHz
Core i5	1155G7		1.0 GHz		2.5 GHz	4.5 GHz	4.3 GHz		80	1.35 GHz	8 MB			$309
	1145G7 vPro		1.1 GHz	1.5 GHz	2.6 GHz	4.4 GHz	3.8 GHz			1.30 GHz
	1135G7		0.9 GHz	1.4 GHz	2.4 GHz	4.2 GHz	3.8 GHz
Core i3	1125G4				2.0 GHz	3.7 GHz	3.3 GHz	UHD	48	1.25 GHz			DDR4-3200 LPDDR4X-3733	$281
	1115G4	2 (4)	1.7 GHz	2.2 GHz	3.0 GHz	4.1 GHz					6 MB

Embedded mobile processors (UP3-class)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base freq at TDP			Max Turbo freq	GPU			Smart cache	TDP	Memory support		Price
			@12 W	@15 W	@28 W		Series	EUs	Max freq			Type	ECC
Core i7	1185GRE vPro	4 (8)	1.2 GHz	1.8 GHz	2.8 GHz	4.4 GHz	Iris Xe	96	1.35 GHz	12 MB	15 W	DDR4-3200 LPDDR4X-4267	Yes	$490
	1185G7E vPro												No	$431
Core i5	1145GRE vPro		1.1 GHz	1.5 GHz	2.6 GHz	4.1 GHz		80	1.30 GHz	8 MB			Yes	$362
	1145G7E vPro												No	$312
Core i3	1115GRE	2 (4)	1.7 GHz	2.2 GHz	3.0 GHz	3.9 GHz	UHD	48	1.25 GHz	6 MB		DDR4-3200 LPDDR4X-3733	Yes	$338
	1115G4E												No	$285

Mobile processors (UP4-class)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base freq at TDP			Max Turbo freq		GPU			Smart cache	TDP	Memory support	Price
			@7 W	@9 W	@15 W	1 Core	All Cores	Series	EUs	Max freq
Core i7	1180G7 vPro	4 (8)	0.9 GHz		2.2 GHz	4.6 GHz		Iris Xe	96	1.10 GHz	12 MB	7-15 W	LPDDR4X-4267	$426
	1160G7			1.2 GHz	2.1 GHz	4.4 GHz	3.6 GHz
Core i5	1140G7 vPro		0.8 GHz		1.8 GHz	4.2 GHz			80		8 MB			$309
	1130G7			1.1 GHz		4.0 GHz	3.4 GHz
Core i3	1120G4				1.5 GHz	3.5 GHz	3.0 GHz	UHD	48					$281
	1110G4	2 (4)	1.5 GHz	1.8 GHz	2.5 GHz	3.9 GHz					6 MB

Desktop/tablet processors (Tiger Lake-B)

• Socket: FCBGA1787, a BGA socket, thus these CPUs are meant only for system integrators
• Intel Xe UHD Graphics
• Up to 128 GB DDR4-3200 memory
• Was initially incorrectly listed as having a 5.3 GHz TVB boost frequency.^[100]

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)	Base / Boost Clocks (GHz)	L3 cache (MB)	TDP	GPU EU	GPU Max freq	Price
Core i9	11900 KB	8 (16)	3.3 / 4.9	24	65 W	32	1.45 GHz	$539
Core i7	11700B		3.2 / 4.8
Core i5	11500B	6 (12)	3.3 / 4.6	12
Core i3	11100B	4 (8)	3.6 / 4.4			16	1.4 GHz

Rocket Lake microarchitecture

Rocket Lake is a codename for Intel's desktop x86 chip family based on the new Cypress Cove microarchitecture, a variant of Sunny Cove (used by Intel's Ice Lake mobile processors) backported to the older 14 nm process.^[101] The chips are marketed as "Intel 11th generation Core". Launched March 30, 2021.

Desktop processors

• All CPUs listed below support DDR4-3200 natively. The Core i9 K/KF processors enable a 1:1 ratio of DRAM to memory controller by default at DDR4-3200, whereas the Core i9 non K/KF and all other CPUs listed below enable a 2:1 ratio of DRAM to memory controller by default at DDR4-3200 and a 1:1 ratio by default at DDR4-2933.^[102]
• All CPUs support up to 128 GiB of RAM in dual channel mode
• Core i9 CPUs (except 11900T) support Intel Thermal Velocity Boost technology

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)	Base clock rate	All-Core Turbo	Turbo Boost 2.0	Turbo Boost Max 3.0	GPU	max GPU clock rate	Smart cache	TDP	Price (USD)
Core i9	11900K	8 (16)	3.5 GHz	4.8 GHz	5.1 GHz	5.2 GHz	UHD 750	1.3 GHz	16 MiB	125 W	$539
	11900KF						-				$513
	11900		2.5 GHz	4.7 GHz	5.0 GHz	5.1 GHz	UHD 750	1.3 GHz		65 W	$439
	11900F						-				$422
	11900T		1.5 GHz	3.7 GHz	4.8 GHz	4.9 GHz	UHD 750	1.3 GHz		35 W	$439
Core i7	11700K		3.6 GHz	4.6 GHz	4.9 GHz	5.0 GHz				125W	$399
	11700KF						-				$374
	11700		2.5 GHz	4.4 GHz	4.8 GHz	4.9 GHz	UHD 750	1.3 GHz		65W	$323
	11700F						-				$298
	11700T		1.4 GHz	3.6 GHz	4.5 GHz	4.6 GHz	UHD 750	1.3 GHz		35 W	$323
Core i5	11600K	6 (12)	3.9 GHz	4.6 GHz	4.9 GHz	N/A			12 MiB	125 W	$262
	11600KF						-				$237
	11600		2.8 GHz	4.3 GHz	4.8 GHz		UHD 750	1.3 GHz		65 W	$213
	11600T		1.7 GHz	3.5 GHz	4.1 GHz					35 W
	11500		2.7 GHz	4.2 GHz	4.6 GHz					65 W	$192
	11500T		1.5 GHz	3.4 GHz	3.9 GHz			1.2 GHz		35 W
	11400		2.6 GHz	4.2 GHz	4.4 GHz		UHD 730	1.3 GHz		65 W	$182
	11400F						-				$157
	11400T		1.3 GHz	3.3 GHz	3.7 GHz		UHD 730	1.2 GHz		35 W	$182

12th generation

Alder Lake

Alder Lake is Intel's codename for the 12th generation of Intel Core processors based on a hybrid architecture utilizing Golden Cove high-performance cores and Gracemont power-efficient cores.^[103]
It is fabricated using Intel's Intel 7 process, previously referred to as Intel 10 nm Enhanced SuperFin (10ESF).
Intel officially announced 12th Gen Intel Core CPUs on October 27, 2021, and was launched to the market on November 4, 2021.^[104]

Desktop processors (Alder Lake-S)

• All the CPUs support up to 128 GB of DDR4-3200 or DDR5-4800 RAM in dual channel mode.^[105]
• Some models feature integrated UHD Graphics 770, UHD Graphics 730 or UHD Graphics 710 GPU with 32/24/16 EUs and base frequency of 300 MHz.
• By default Alder Lake CPUs are configured to run at Turbo Power at all times and Base Power is only guaranteed when P-Cores/E-cores do not exceed the base clock rate.^[106]
• Max Turbo Power: the maximum sustained (> 1 s) power dissipation of the processor as limited by current and/or temperature controls. Instantaneous power may exceed Maximum Turbo Power for short durations (≤ 10 ms). Maximum Turbo Power is configurable by system vendor and can be system specific.
• CPUs in bold below feature UDIMM ECC memory support only when paired with a motherboard based on the W680 chipset.^[107]

*By default, Core i9 12900KS achieves 5.5 GHz only when using Thermal Velocity Boost^[108]

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Base clock rate		Turbo Boost 2.0		Turbo Max 3.0	GPU		Smart cache	Power		Price (USD)
		P	E	P	E	P	E	P	Model	Max. clock rate		Base	Turbo
Core i9	12900KS	8 (16)	8 (8)	3.4 GHz	2.5 GHz	5.2 GHz	4.0 GHz	5.3 GHz	UHD 770	1.55 GHz	30 MB	150 W	241 W	$739
	12900K			3.2 GHz	2.4 GHz	5.1 GHz	3.9 GHz	5.2 GHz				125 W		$589
	12900KF								colspan="2"	$564
	12900			2.4 GHz	1.8 GHz	5.0 GHz	3.8 GHz	5.1 GHz	UHD 770	1.55 GHz		65 W	202 W	$489
	12900F								colspan="2"	$464
	12900T			1.4 GHz	1.0 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.6 GHz	4.9 GHz	UHD 770	1.55 GHz		35 W	106 W	$489
Core i7	12700K		4 (4)	3.6 GHz	2.7 GHz	4.9 GHz	3.8 GHz	5.0 GHz		1.50 GHz	25 MB	125 W	190 W	$409
	12700KF								colspan="2"	$384
	12700			2.1 GHz	1.6 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.6 GHz	4.9 GHz	UHD 770	1.50 GHz		65 W	180 W	$339
	12700F								colspan="2"	$314
	12700T			1.4 GHz	1.0 GHz	4.6 GHz	3.4 GHz	4.7 GHz	UHD 770	1.50 GHz		35 W	99 W	$339
Core i5	12600K	6 (12)		3.7 GHz	2.8 GHz	4.9 GHz	3.6 GHz	rowspan="2"		1.45 GHz	20 MB	125 W	150 W	$289
	12600KF							colspan="2"	$264
	12600		rowspan="13"	3.3 GHz	rowspan="13"	4.8 GHz	colspan="2" rowspan="13"	UHD 770	1.45 GHz	18 MB	65 W	117 W	$223
	12600T		2.1 GHz	4.6 GHz	35 W	74 W
	12500		3.0 GHz		65 W	117 W	$202
	12500T		2.0 GHz	4.4 GHz	35 W	74 W
	12490F[109]		3.0 GHz	4.6 GHz	colspan="2"	20 MB	65 W	117 W	China exclusive
	12400		2.5 GHz	4.4 GHz	UHD 730	1.45 GHz			18 MB	$192
	12400F				colspan="2"	$167
	12400T		1.8 GHz	4.2 GHz	UHD 730	1.45 GHz	35 W	74 W		$192
Core i3	12300	4 (8)	3.5 GHz	4.4 GHz			12 MB	60 W	89 W	$143
	12300T		2.3 GHz	4.2 GHz				35 W	69 W
	12100		3.3 GHz	4.3 GHz		1.40 GHz		60 W	89 W	$122
	12100F				colspan="2"	58 W		$97
	12100T		2.2 GHz	4.1 GHz	UHD 730	1.40 GHz		35 W	69 W	$122

Extreme-performance Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-HX)

• Bold indicates ECC memory support

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Base clock rate		Turbo Boost 2.0		UHD Graphics		Smart cache	Power		Price (USD)
		P	E	P	E	P	E	EUs	Max. freq.		Base	Turbo
Core i9	12950HX	8 (16)	8 (8)	2.3 GHz	1.7 GHz	5.0 GHz	3.6 GHz	32	1.55 GHz	30 MB	55 W	157 W	$590
	12900HX												$606
Core i7	12850HX			2.1 GHz	1.5 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.4 GHz		1.45 GHz	25 MB			$428
	12800HX			2.0 GHz									$457
	12650HX	6 (12)				4.7 GHz	3.3 GHz			24 MB
Core i5	12600HX	4 (8)		2.5 GHz	1.8 GHz	4.6 GHz			1.35 GHz	18 MB			$284
	12450HX		4 (4)	2.4 GHz		4.4 GHz	3.1 GHz	16	1.30 GHz	12 MB

High-performance Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-H)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Base clock rate		Turbo Boost 2.0		Iris Xe Graphics		Smart cache	Base Power	Turbo power	Price (USD)
		P-cores	E-cores	P-cores	E-cores	P-cores	E-cores	EUs	Max freq
Core i9	12900HK	6 (12)	8 (8)	2.5 GHz	1.8 GHz	5.0 GHz	3.8 GHz	96	1.45 GHz	24 MB	45 W	115 W	$635
	12900H												$617
Core i7	12800H			2.4 GHz		4.8 GHz	3.7 GHz		1.4 GHz				$457
	12700H			2.3 GHz	1.7 GHz	4.7 GHz	3.5 GHz
	12650H		4 (4)					64
Core i5	12600H	4 (8)	8 (8)	2.7 GHz	2.0 GHz	4.5 GHz	3.3 GHz	80		18 MB		95 W	$311
	12500H			2.5 GHz	1.8 GHz				1.3 GHz
	12450H		4 (4)	2.0 GHz	1.5 GHz	4.4 GHz		48	1.2 GHz	12 MB

Low Power Performance Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-P)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Base clock rate		Turbo Boost 2.0		Iris Xe Graphics		Smart cache	Base Power	Turbo power	Price (USD)
		P-cores	E-cores	P-cores	E-cores	P-cores	E-cores	EUs	Max freq
Core i7	1280P	6 (12)	8 (8)	1.8 GHz	1.3 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.6 GHz	96	1.45 GHz	24 MB	28 W	64 W	$482
	1270P	4 (8)		2.2 GHz	1.6 GHz		3.5 GHz		1.40 GHz	18 MB			$438
	1260P			2.1 GHz	1.5 GHz	4.7 GHz	3.4 GHz
Core i5	1250P			1.7 GHz	1.2 GHz	4.4 GHz	3.3 GHz	80		12 MB			$320
	1240P								1.30 GHz
Core i3	1220P	2 (4)		1.5 GHz	1.1 GHz			64	1.10 GHz				$281

Ultra Low Power Mobile Processors (Alder Lake-U)

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Base clock rate		Turbo Boost 2.0		Iris Xe Graphics		Smart cache	Base power	Turbo power	Price (USD)
		P-cores	E-cores	P-cores	E-cores	P-cores	E-cores	EUs	Max freq
Core i7	1265U	2 (4)	8 (8)	1.8 GHz	1.3 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.6 GHz	96	1.25 GHz	12 MB	15 W	55 W	$426
	1260U			1.1 GHz	0.8 GHz	4.7 GHz	3.5 GHz		0.9 GHz		9 W	29 W
	1255U			1.7 GHz	1.2 GHz				1.25 GHz		15 W	55 W	$426
	1250U			1.1 GHz	0.8 GHz				0.9 GHz		9 W	29 W
Core i5	1245U			1.6 GHz	1.2 GHz	4.4 GHz	3.3 GHz	80	1.2 GHz		15 W	55 W	$309
	1240U			1.1 GHz	0.8 GHz				0.9 GHz		9 W	29 W
	1235U			1.3 GHz	0.9 GHz				1.2 GHz		15 W	55 W	$309
	1230U			1.0 GHz	0.7 GHz				0.9 GHz		9 W	29 W
Core i3	1215U		4 (4)	1.2 GHz	1.2 GHz			64	1.1 GHz	10 MB	15 W	55 W	$281
	1210U			1.0 GHz	0.7 GHz				0.85 GHz		9 W	29 W

Era of Core Ultra

13th generation

Raptor Lake

Raptor Lake is Intel's codename for the 13th generation of Intel Core processors and the second generation based on a hybrid architecture.^[110]
It is fabricated using an improved version of Intel's Intel 7 process.^[111] Intel launched Raptor Lake on October 22, 2022.

Desktop Processors (Raptor Lake-S)

• All CPUs support up to DDR5 4800 and 192 GiB of RAM
  • 13600 and better support DDR5 5600
  • 13500 and lower support DDR5 4800
• Intel 600 and 700 chipset support with LGA 1700
  • Intel 600 Series chipsets require BIOS update to achieve support for Raptor Lake-S
• First 6 GHz processor (13900KS)*

*By default, Core i9 13900KS achieves 6.0 GHz only when using Thermal Velocity Boost with sufficient power and cooling.

Processor branding	Model	Cores (Threads)		Base clock rate		Turbo Boost 2.0		Turbo Boost 3.0	Iris Xe Graphics		Smart cache	Power		Price (USD)
		P-core	E-core	P-core	E-core	P-core	E-core	P-core	EUs	Max freq		Base	Turbo
Core i9	13900KS	8 (16)	16 (16)	3.2 GHz	2.4 GHz	5.4 GHz	4.3 GHz	5.8 GHz	32	1.65 GHz	36 MB	150 W	253 W	$689
	13900K			3.0 GHz	2.2 GHz			5.7 GHz				125 W		$589
	13900KF								colspan="2"	$564
	13900			2.0 GHz	1.5 GHz	5.2 GHz	4.2 GHz	5.5 GHz	32	1.65 GHz		65 W	219 W	$549
	13900F								colspan="2"	$524
	13900T			1.1 GHz	0.8 GHz	5.1 GHz	3.9 GHz	5.3 GHz	32	1.65 GHz		35 W	106 W	$549
Core i7	13700K		8 (8)	3.4 GHz	2.5 GHz	5.3 GHz	4.2 GHz	5.4 GHz		1.60 GHz	30 MB	125 W	253 W	$409
	13700KF								colspan="2"	$384
	13700			2.1 GHz	1.5 GHz	5.1 GHz	4.1 GHz	5.2 GHz	32			1.60 GHz	65 W	219 W
	13700F								colspan="2"	$359
	13700T			1.4 GHz	1.0 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.6 GHz	4.9 GHz	32	1.60 GHz		35 W	106 W	$384
Core i5	13600K	6 (12)		3.5 GHz	2.6 GHz	5.1 GHz	3.9 GHz	rowspan="12"		1.50 GHz	24 MB	125 W	181 W	$319
	13600KF							colspan="2"	$294
	13600			2.7 GHz	2.0 GHz	5.0 GHz	3.7 GHz	32	1.55 GHz	65 W		154 W	$255
	13600T			1.8 GHz	1.3 GHz	4.8 GHz	3.4 GHz			35 W		92 W
	13500			2.5 GHz	1.8 GHz		3.5 GHz			65 W		154 W	$232
	13500T			1.6 GHz	1.2 GHz	4.6 GHz	3.2 GHz			35 W		92 W
	13400		4 (4)	2.5 GHz	1.8 GHz		3.3 GHz	24		20 MB	65 W	148 W	$221
	13400F							colspan="2"	$196
	13400T			1.3 GHz	1.0 GHz	4.4 GHz	3.0 GHz	24	1.55 GHz		35 W	82 W	$221
Core i3	13100	4 (8)	rowspan="3"	3.4 GHz	rowspan="3"	4.5 GHz	rowspan="3"		1.50 GHz	12 MB	60 W	89 W	$134
	13100F		colspan="2"		58 W		$109
	13100T		2.5 GHz	4.2 GHz	24	1.50 GHz	35 W	69 W	$134

14th generation

Raptor Lake Refresh

Raptor Lake Refresh is Intel's codename for the 14th generation of Intel Core processors. It is a refresh and based on the same architecture of the 13th generation with clock speeds of up to 6.2 GHz on the Core i9 14900KS, 6 GHz on the Core i9 14900K and 14900KF, 5.6 GHz on the Core i7 14700K and 14700KF, and 5.3 GHz on the Core i5 14600K and 14600KF as well as UHD Graphics 770 on non-F processors. They are still based on the Intel 7 process node.^[112] Introduced on October 17, 2023, these CPUs are designed for the LGA 1700 socket, which allows for compatibility with 600 and 700 series motherboards.^[113] It is the last generation CPUs to use the Intel Core i3, i5, i7 and i9 naming scheme as Intel announced that they will be dropping the "i" prefix for future Intel Core processors in 2023.^[114]

The 14th generation CPU does not feature any major architectural changes over Raptor Lake, but does feature some minor improvements.^[115] The 14th generation CPU was widely criticized^{[original research?]} as a last-ditch effort to beat AMD's Zen 4 with 3D V-Cache^[116][117] Intel's desktop version of the next generation architecture, Meteor Lake, was cancelled and the Arrow Lake architecture was not yet ready for release.^[118]

In addition to the Raptor Lake-S Refresh desktop processors, Intel also launched 14th gen Raptor Lake-HX Refresh mobile processors in January 2024.^[119]

CPUs in bold below feature UDIMM ECC memory support only when paired with a motherboard based on the W680 chipset according to each respective Intel Ark product page.

Branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Clock rate (GHz)						GPU		Smart cache	TDP		Released	Price (USD)[d]
				Base		Turbo Boost				Model	Max. freq. (GHz)
						2.0		3.0	TVB
		P	E	P	E	P	E	P	P				Base	Turbo
Core i9	14900KS	8 (16)	16 (16)	3.2	2.4	5.6	4.5	5.9	6.2	UHD 770	1.65	36 MB	150 W	253 W	March 14, 2024	$689
	14900K						4.4	5.8	6.0				125 W		October 17, 2023	$589
	14900KF									colspan="2"	$564
	14900			2.0	1.5	5.4	4.3	5.6	5.8	UHD 770	1.65		65 W	219 W	January 8, 2024	$549
	14900F									colspan="2"	$524
	14900T			1.1	0.8	5.1	4.0	5.5	rowspan="22"	UHD 770	1.65		35 W	106 W		$549
Core i7	14790F		8 (8)	2.1	1.5	5.3	4.2	5.4	colspan="2"	65 W	219 W		January 15, 2024	China exclusive
	14700K		12 (12)	3.4	2.5	5.5	4.3	5.6	UHD 770	1.6	33 MB	125 W	253 W	October 17, 2023	$409
	14700KF								colspan="2"	$384
	14700			2.1	1.5	5.3	4.2	5.4	UHD 770			1.6	65 W	219 W	January 8, 2024
	14700F								colspan="2"	$359
	14700T			1.3	0.9	5.0	3.7	5.2	UHD 770	1.6		35 W	106 W	$384
Core i5	14600K	6 (12)	8 (8)	3.5	2.6	5.3	4.0	rowspan="15"		1.55	24 MB	125 W	181 W	October 17, 2023	$319
	14600KF							colspan="2"	$294
	14600			2.7	2.0	5.2	3.9	UHD 770	1.55	65 W		154 W	January 8, 2024	$255
	14600T			1.8	1.3	5.1	3.6			35 W		92 W
	14500			2.6	1.9	5.0	3.7			65 W		154 W		$232
	14500T			1.7	1.2	4.8	3.4			35 W		92 W
	14490F		4 (4)	2.8	2.1	4.9	3.7	colspan="2"	65 W	148 W		January 15, 2024	China exclusive
	14400			2.5	1.8	4.7	3.5	UHD 730			1.55	20 MB	January 8, 2024	$221
	14400F							colspan="2"			$196
	14400T			1.5	1.1	4.5	3.2	UHD 730	1.55	35 W	82 W			$221
Core i3	14100	4 (8)	rowspan="5"	3.5	rowspan="5"	4.7	rowspan="5"		1.5	12 MB	60 W	110 W		$134
	14100F		colspan="2"		58 W		$109
	14100T		2.7	4.4	UHD 730	1.5	35 W	69 W	$134
Intel Processor	300	2 (4)	3.9	rowspan="2"	UHD 710	1.45	6 MB	46 W	rowspan="2"	$82
	300T		3.4	35 W

Core and Core Ultra 3/5/7/9 series

Starting with the Meteor Lake mobile series launched in December 2023 (with the exception of Raptor Lake-HX Refresh),^[120] Intel introduced a new naming system for its new and upcoming processors. The numbers 3, 5, 7 and 9 which denote tiers are still used, but the letter 'i' is dropped, and there is a new "Core Ultra" sub-brand. Like AMD with their Ryzen 7000 mobile series and later processors, Intel now refreshes older architectures to be sold as more affordable mainstream processors while the latest architectures are released as "premium" products, under the Core Ultra brand.^[121]

This new naming system also cuts the number of model number digits down from 4-5 to 3-4, e.g. Core 1xx series instead of Core 8xxx or 14xxx series.

Intel no longer refers to iterations of product series under "nth generation" anymore, instead using "Series n". Otherwise the latest series launched in December 2023 would be called 15th generation.^[122]

Compared to the Core processors, the Core Ultra processors introduced more advanced AI technologies such as NPU.

Series 1

The Series 1 of Core processors consists of the Raptor Lake-U Refresh mobile series released January 2024 under the Core brand,^[121] and the Meteor Lake-U/H mobile series released December 2023 under the Core Ultra brand.^[120]

Overview of mobile Core Series 1 models

Model line	Codename	Architecture	P-core count	E-core count	Integrated graphics
Core Ultra 5/7/9 1xxH	Meteor Lake-H	Redwood Cove (P-cores) Crestmont (E- and LP E-cores)	4–6	8	Arc (Alchemist), up to 8 Xe-cores
Core Ultra 5/7 1xxU	Meteor Lake-U		2	4–8	Intel Graphics (Alchemist), up to 4 Xe-cores
Core 3/5/7 1xxU	Raptor Lake-U Refresh	Raptor Cove (P-cores) Gracemont (E-cores)			Intel Graphics (Xe-LP), up to 96 EU

Meteor Lake

Meteor Lake is Intel's codename for the first generation of Intel Core Ultra mobile processors,^[123] and was officially launched on December 14, 2023.^[124] It is the first generation of Intel mobile processors to use a chiplet architecture which means that the processor is a multi-chip module.^[123] Tim Wilson led the system on a chip development for this generation microprocessor.^[125]

Process technology

Due to its Multi-Chip Module (MCM) construction, Meteor Lake can take advantage of different process nodes that are best suited to the use case. Meteor Lake is built using four different fabrication nodes, including both Intel's own nodes and external nodes outsourced to fabrication competitor TSMC. The "Intel 4" process used for the CPU tile is the first process node in which Intel is utilising extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography, which is necessary for creating nodes 7nm and smaller. The interposer base tile is fabricated on Intel's 22FFL, or "Intel 16", process.^[126][127] The 22FFL Fin Field-Effect Transistor (FinFET) Low-power node, first announced in March 2017, was designed for inexpensive low power operation.^[128] The interposer base tile is designed to connect tiles together and allow for die-to-die communication which does not require the most advanced, expensive nodes so an older, inexpensive node can be used instead.

Tile	Node	EUV	Die size	Ref.
Compute tile	Intel 4 (7nm EUV)		69.67 mm2	[129] [130] [131]
Graphics tile	TSMC N5		44.25 mm2
SoC tile	TSMC N6		100.15 mm2
I/O extender tile			27.42 mm2
Foveros interposer base tile	Intel 16 (22FFL)		265.65 mm2

Mobile processors

Meteor Lake-H

155H, 165H, and 185H support P-core Turbo Boost 3.0 running at the same frequency as Turbo Boost 2.0.

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)			Base clock rate (GHz)			Turbo Boost (GHz)			Arc graphics		Smart cache	TDP			Release date	Price (USD)[d]
		P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	Xe-cores (XVEs)	Max. freq. (GHz)		Base	cTDP	Turbo
Core Ultra 9	185H	6 (12)	8 (8)	2 (2)	2.3	1.8	1.0	5.1	3.8	2.5	8 (128)	2.35	24 MB	45 W	35–65 W	115 W	Q4'23	$640
Core Ultra 7	165H				1.4	0.9	0.7	5.0				2.3		28 W	20–65 W		Q4'23	$460
	155H							4.8				2.25					Q4'23	$503
Core Ultra 5	135H	4 (8)			1.7	1.2		4.6	3.6			2.2	18 MB				Q4'23	$342
	125H				1.2	0.7		4.5			7 (112)						Q4'23	$375

Meteor Lake-U

The integrated GPU is branded as "Intel Graphics" but still use the same GPU microarchitecture as "Intel Arc Graphics" on the H series models.

All models support DDR5 memory except 134U and 164U.

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)			Base clock rate (GHz)			Turbo Boost (GHz)			Intel Graphics		Smart cache	TDP			Release date	Price (USD)[d]
		P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	Xe-cores (XVEs)	Max. freq. (GHz)		Base	cTDP	Turbo
Low power (MTL-U15)
Core Ultra 7	165U	2 (4)	8 (8)	2 (2)	1.7	1.2	0.7	4.9	3.8	2.1	4 (64)	2.0	12 MB	15 W	12–28 W	57 W	Q4'23	$448
	155U							4.8				1.95					Q4'23	$490
Core Ultra 5	135U				1.6	1.1		4.4	3.6			1.9					Q4'23	$332
	125U				1.3	0.8		4.3				1.85					Q4'23	$363
	115U		4 (4)		1.5	1.0		4.2	3.5		3 (48)	1.8	10 MB				Q4'23	unspecified
Ultra low power (MTL-U9)
Core Ultra 7	164U	2 (4)	8 (8)	2 (2)	1.1	0.7	0.4	4.8	3.8	2.1	4 (64)	1.8	12 MB	9 W	9–15 W	30 W	Q4'23	$448
Core Ultra 5	134U				0.7	0.5		4.4	3.6			1.75					Q4'23	$332

Processors for Internet of Things (IoT) devices and embedded systems (Meteor Lake-PS)

High-power

155HL and 165HL support P-core Turbo Boost 3.0 running at the same frequency as Turbo Boost 2.0.

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)			Base clock rate (GHz)			Turbo Boost (GHz)			Arc graphics		Smart cache	TDP			Release date	Price (USD)[d]
		P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	Xe-cores (XVEs)	Max. freq. (GHz)		Base	cTDP	Turbo
Core Ultra 7	165HL	6 (12)	8 (8)	2 (2)	1.4	0.9	0.7	5.0	3.8	2.5	8 (128)	2.3	24 MB	45 W	20–65 W	115 W	Q2'24	$459
	155HL							4.8				2.25					Q2'24	$438
Core Ultra 5	135HL	4 (8)			1.7	1.2		4.6	3.6			2.2	18 MB				Q2'24	$341
	125HL				1.2	0.7		4.5			7 (112)						Q2'24	$325

Low-power

The integrated GPU is branded as "Intel Graphics" but still use the same GPU microarchitecture as "Intel Arc Graphics" on the high-power models.

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)			Base clock rate (GHz)			Turbo Boost (GHz)			Intel Graphics		Smart cache	TDP			Release date	Price (USD)[d]
		P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	P	E	LP-E	Xe-cores (XVEs)	Max. freq. (GHz)		Base	cTDP	Turbo
Core Ultra 7	165UL	2 (4)	8 (8)	2 (2)	1.7	1.2	0.7	4.9	3.8	2.1	4 (64)	2.0	12 MB	15 W	12–28 W	57 W	Q2'24	$447
	155UL							4.8				1.95					Q2'24	$426
Core Ultra 5	135UL				1.6	1.1		4.4	3.6			1.9					Q2'24	$331
	125UL				1.3	0.8		4.3				1.85					Q2'24	$309
Core Ultra 3	105UL		4 (4)		1.5	1.0		4.2	3.5		3 (48)	1.8	10 MB				Q2'24	$295

Series 2

Lunar Lake

Mobile processors

Processor branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Clock rate (GHz)			Arc Graphics		NPU (TOPS)	Smart cache[i]	RAM	TDP			Release date	Price(USD)
				Base	Turbo
		P	LP-E		P	LP-E	Xe cores (<abbr title="Xe Vector Engines">XVEs)	Max. freq. (GHz)				Base	Turbo	cTDP
Core Ultra 9	288V	4 (4)	4 (4)	3.3	5.1	3.7	8 (64)	2.05	48	12 MB	32 GB	30 W	37 W	17-37 W	September 24, 2024	$686
Core Ultra 7	268V			2.2	5.0			2.0			32 GB	17 W		8-37 W		$571
	266V										16 GB					$520
	258V				4.8			1.95	47		32 GB					$613
	256V										16 GB					$563
Core Ultra 5	238V			2.1	4.7	3.5	7 (56)	1.85	40	8 MB	32 GB					$454
	236V										16 GB					$403
	228V				4.5						32 GB					$485
	226V										16 GB					$435

1. ^ Only the P-cores can access this L3 cache^[142]

Arrow Lake

Arrow Lake is Intel’s codename for the second generation Core Ultra processors. Announced on October 10, 2024, Arrow Lake is the first series of desktop Intel processors not to feature a monolithic design, instead adopting the chiplet design used on Meteor Lake.^[132] Intel primarily markets this product as being on-par with Raptor Lake in performance whilst being much more power efficient.^[133] The processors use the LGA 1851 socket with the 800 series chipset. It also represented a shift in branding, from the Intel Core 'i' series branding to the new 'Intel Core Ultra' branding for Intel's desktop processors.

Arrow Lake features multiple new architectural innovations over the previous generation Raptor Lake desktop processors, such as utilizing a chiplet-based 'tile' design, with the flagship 285K processor having six tiles, including a compute tile, SoC tile, graphics tile, I/O tile, and a filler tile.^[134] All tiles are placed over an interposer base tile, packaged via Intel's Foveros Technology. Most of Arrow Lake is also built using TSMC's process nodes, except the base tile built using Intel's 22nm node.^[135][136] Arrow Lake is also the first Intel desktop processor lineup to feature an NPU, with each processor containing an NPU capable of up to 13 trillion operations per second (TOPS).^[137]

Arrow Lake released on October 24, 2024, to mixed reviews due to its lack of generational performance uplift or even performance regression in some cases.^[138] Many reviewers also noticed that the processors had multiple bugs at launch, and inconsistent performance caused by certain BIOS configurations. Intel addressed this issue via a series of microcode and Windows updates released through December 2024 and January 2025, aiming to improve performance and to fix bugs with the platform, although some reviewers noticed no satisfactory gains, and sometimes even further regressions caused by the microcode update.^[139][140]

In addition to the Core Ultra 200S Arrow Lake desktop processors, Intel also announced the Core Ultra 200H, Core Ultra 200HX, and Core Ultra 200U Arrow Lake processors for mobile at CES 2025.^[141]

Desktop processors

Arrow Lake-S

Branding	Model	Cores (threads)		Clock rate (GHz)						Arc Graphics		NPU	Smart cache (MB)	TDP (W)		Released	Price (USD)[d]
				Base		Turbo Boost				Xe cores	Max. freq. (GHz)
						2.0		3.0	TVB
		P	E	P	E	P	E	P	P					Base	Turbo
Core Ultra 9	285K	8 (8)	16 (16)	3.7	3.2	5.5	4.6	5.6	5.7	4	2.0	13	36	125	250	Oct 24, 2024	$589
	285			2.5	1.9	5.4		5.5	5.6					65	182	Jan 6, 2025	$549
	285T			1.4	1.2	5.3			rowspan="15"					35	112
Core Ultra 7	270K Plus			3.7	3.2	5.4	4.7		125					250	Mar 26, 2026	$289
	265K		12 (12)	3.9	3.3	5.4	4.6		30				125	250	Oct 24, 2024	$394
	265KF									colspan="2"	$379
	265			2.4	1.8	5.2	4.6	5.3		4	1.95		65	182	Jan 6, 2025	$384
	265F									colspan="2"	$369
	265T			1.5	1.2					4	1.95		35	112		$384
Core Ultra 5	245K	6 (6)	8 (8)	4.2	3.6	5.2	4.6	rowspan="12"	1.9		24		125	159	Oct 24, 2024	$309
	245KF							colspan="2"	$294
	245			3.5	3.0	5.1	4.5	4	1.9	65			121	Jan 6, 2025	$270
	245T			2.5	1.9					35			114
	235			3.4	2.9	5.0	4.4	3	2.0	65			121		$247
	235T			2.2	1.6					35			114
	225		4 (4)	3.3	2.7	4.9		2	1.8	20	65		121		$236
	225F							colspan="2"	$221
	225T			2.5	1.9			2			1.8		35		114

Series 3

Panther Lake

Series 4

Nova Lake

See also

• Intel Core (microarchitecture)
• List of Intel graphics processing units
• List of Intel processors
• List of Intel Core processors
• List of Intel chipsets
• Ryzen
• Zen (microarchitecture)

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External links

• Intel Core technical specifications August 9, 2007 at the Wayback Machine
• CPU Database. TechPowerUp.
• Intel Core Duo (Yonah) Performance Preview – Part II vs AMD 64 X2 and Intel Pentium M. Anandtech.
• Intel Core i7-3960X CPU Performance Comparison
• Intel Centrino Duo Mobile Technology papers. Intel.
• Intel Product Information, providing a list of various processor generations