{{Short description|Type of cultural heritage}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}} '''Intangible cultural heritage''' ('''ICH''')—as opposed to a place's tangible cultural heritage, cultural properties such as historic sites, monuments, and artifacts—comprises manifestations of intellectual wealth such as customs, beliefs, traditions, folklore, language, and knowledge, as expressed in particular through craftsmanship and performance.
Responding to the perceived over-representation of Western Europe among World Heritage Sites,<ref name="Tobunken">{{cite web |url=https://www.tobunken.go.jp/ich/publication/kyogikai/english/12th/ |title=UNESCO Convention for Safeguarding ICH and the Local Heritages |publisher=Tokyo National Research Institute for Cultural Properties |access-date=17 December 2025}}</ref> to help valorize cultural diversity,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/doc/src/00073-EN.pdf |title=Intangible Cultural Heritage – a Mirror of Cultural Diversity |date=13 September 2002 |access-date=17 December 2025}}</ref> and following on from earlier related measures in Japan (1950) and in South Korea (1962),<ref name="Tobunken"/> in 2001, UNESCO made a survey<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&meeting_id=00057#meet_00057 |title=Meeting of 2001 |publisher=UNESCO |access-date=20 June 2007 |archive-date=1 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201090017/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&meeting_id=00057#meet_00057 |url-status=live }}</ref> among states and NGOs to try to agree on a definition, and the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=EN&pg=home |title=Official website |publisher=UNESCO |access-date=20 June 2007 |archive-date=3 May 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130503133021/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/index.php?lg=en&pg=home |url-status=live }}</ref> was drafted in 2003 for its protection and promotion.
==Definition== [[File:Cafe-schwarzenberg-innen-viennaphoto-at.jpg|thumb|right|The Viennese coffee house culture, a special form of cultural heritage<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://immaterielleskulturerbe.unesco.at/cgi-bin/unesco/element.pl?lang=en&bl=0&cat=3&aufnahmejahr=0&=Search&suchtext= |title=Intangible Cultural Heritage in Austria: ''Viennese Coffee House Culture'' |access-date=9 December 2020 |archive-date=18 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160818033958/http://immaterielleskulturerbe.unesco.at/cgi-bin/unesco/element.pl?lang=en&bl=0&cat=3&aufnahmejahr=0&=Search&suchtext= |url-status=dead }}</ref> ]] {{see also|Cultural expressions|Traditional knowledge}} The Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/convention|title = UNESCO|access-date = 4 February 2016|archive-date = 11 October 2012|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121011231944/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/convention|url-status = live}}</ref> defines the intangible cultural heritage as the practices, representations, expressions, as well as the knowledge and skills (including instruments, objects, artifacts, cultural spaces), that communities, groups, and, in some cases, individuals, recognize as part of their cultural heritage. It is sometimes called living cultural heritage, and is manifested in the following domains, among others:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/services/documentation/archives/multimedia/?id_page=13|title=Definition of Intangible Heritage|last=LOMITKO|date=1 October 2005|access-date=4 February 2016|archive-date=3 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120403125114/http://www.unesco.org/services/documentation/archives/multimedia/?id_page=13|url-status=live}}</ref>
* Oral traditions and expressions, including language as a vehicle of the intangible cultural heritage; * Performing arts; * Social practices, rituals and festive events; * Knowledge and practices concerning nature and the universe; * Traditional craftsmanship thumb|right|A painting on an ancient Greek vase depicts a music lesson ({{Circa|510 BC}}) Cultural heritage in general consists of the products and processes of a culture that are preserved and passed on through the generations.<ref>{{Citation|last=Vrdoljak|first=Ana Filipa|title=Indigenous peoples, intangible cultural heritage and participation in the United Nations|date=2017-12-06|work=Intellectual Property, Cultural Property and Intangible Cultural Heritage|pages=50–66|publisher=Routledge|doi=10.4324/9781315714288-3|isbn=978-1-315-71428-8}}</ref> Some of that heritage takes the form of cultural property, formed by tangible artefacts such as buildings or works of art. Many parts of culture, however, are intangible, including song, music, dance, drama, skills, cuisine, sport,<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10286632.2019.1659786 |title= Listing and protecting culturally significant events: intangible cultural heritage and policy considerations for hockey broadcasting in Canada, R. J. Phillips & G. Martin, 26(5) (2020)|journal=International Journal of Cultural Policy|date= 28 July 2020|volume= 26|issue= 5|pages= 584–596|doi= 10.1080/10286632.2019.1659786|access-date=6 June 2024|last1= Phillips|first1= Ryan J.|last2= Martin|first2= George|url-access= subscription}}</ref> crafts, and festivals. These are forms of culture that can be recorded but cannot be touched or stored in physical form, like in a museum, but only experienced through a vehicle giving expression to it. Such cultural vehicles are called "Human Treasures" by the UN. The protection of languages, as the largest and most important intangible cultural heritage, should also be mentioned in this context. According to Karl von Habsburg, former President of Blue Shield International, protection of languages is important in the age of identity wars, because language in particular can become a target for attack as a symbolic cultural asset.<ref>Gerold Keusch: Kulturgüterschutz in der Ära der Identitätskriege (German – Protection of cultural property in the era of identity wars). In: Truppendienst – Magazin des Österreichischen Bundesheeres, 24 October 2018.</ref> [[File:No-Maske Zo-onna Museum Rietberg RJP 4024.jpg|thumb|right|Noh mask. Japan was the first country to introduce legislation to protect and promote its intangible heritage.<ref name="Yang"/>]] According to the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, the intangible cultural heritage (ICH) – or living heritage – is the mainspring of humanity's cultural diversity and its maintenance a guarantee for continuing creativity. It is defined as follows:
<blockquote>Intangible Cultural Heritage means the practices, representations, expressions, knowledge, skills – as well as the instruments, objects, artifacts and cultural spaces associated therewith – that communities, groups and, in some cases, individuals recognize as part of their cultural heritage. This intangible cultural heritage, transmitted from generation to generation, is constantly recreated by communities and groups in response to their environment, their interaction with nature and their history, and provides them with a sense of identity and continuity, thus promoting respect for cultural diversity and human creativity. For the purposes of this Convention, consideration will be given solely to such intangible cultural heritage as is compatible with existing international human rights instruments, as well as with the requirements of mutual respect among communities, groups and individuals, and of sustainable development.</blockquote>
===Oral history=== {{main|Oral history}}
Intangible cultural heritage is slightly different from the discipline of oral history, the recording, preservation and interpretation of historical information (specifically, oral tradition), based on the personal experiences and opinions of the speaker. ICH attempts to preserve cultural heritage 'with' the people or community by protecting the processes that allow traditions and shared knowledge to be passed on while oral history seeks to collect and preserve historical information obtained from individuals and groups.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
===Food heritage=== With sustainable development gaining momentum as a priority of UNESCO heritage policies, an increasing number of food-related nominations are being submitted for inscription on the lists of the convention for the safeguarding of the intangible cultural heritage.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://frictions.hypotheses.org/184 |title=At the UNESCO feast: introduction |date=27 May 2016 |doi=10.58079/ovpf |last1=Chiara Bortolotto |access-date=12 August 2016 |archive-date=28 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160828210947/https://frictions.hypotheses.org/184 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Mediterranean diet,<ref>{{cite book|language=fr|author-last1=Silva|author-first1= A. J. M.|title=Le régime UNESCO (Discours et pratiques alimentaires en Méditerranée vol. III)|place=Charleston|editor=Create Space|year=2016|isbn=978-1532997112|url=https://www.academia.edu/27222415|access-date=11 August 2016|archive-date=29 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129151755/https://www.academia.edu/27222415|url-status=live}}</ref> the traditional Mexican cuisine and the Japanese dietary culture of washoku are some examples of this.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
==== Dishes ====
* Thieboudienne<ref>{{Cite web |title=UNESCO - Ceebu Jën, a culinary art of Senegal |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/ceebu-jen-a-culinary-art-of-senegal-01748 |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=ich.unesco.org |language=en}}</ref>
===Dance heritage=== [[File:Tango dancers in Montevideo.png|thumb|Tango, an example of a cultural heritage shared between two countries, Argentina and Uruguay.]] The UNESCO lists of intangible cultural heritage also include a variety of dance genres, often associated with singing, music and celebrations, from all over the world. The lists include: celebratory and ritual dances such as Ma'di bowl lyre music and Sebiba dance from Algeria and dance from Uganda and Kalbelia folk songs and dances of Rajasthan from India, and social dances such as Cuban rumba. Also, some dances are localized and practiced mainly in their country of origin, such as Sankirtana, a performing art that includes drumming and singing, from India.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
Other dance forms,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.worlddanceheritage.org/international-heritage/ |title=Dance as a form of intangible heritage |date=24 January 2016 |access-date=26 June 2017 |archive-date=17 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417224143/https://worlddanceheritage.org/international-heritage/ |url-status=live }}</ref> however, even if they are officially recognized as heritage from their country of origin, are practiced and enjoyed all over the world. For example, flamenco from Spain and tango, from Argentina and Uruguay, have an international dimension. Dance is a complex phenomenon, which involves culture, traditions, the use of human bodies, artefacts (such as costumes and props), as well as a specific use of music, space and sometimes light. As a result, a lot of tangible and intangible elements<ref>{{Cite journal |url=http://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3366/drs.2016.0147 |title=Lo Iacono, Valeria and Brown, David – ''Beyond Binarism: Exploring a Model of Living Cultural Heritage for Dance''. Dance Research Journal, Vol. 34, April 2016 |journal=Dance Research |date=May 2016 |volume=34 |issue=1 |pages=84–105 |doi=10.3366/drs.2016.0147 |access-date=26 June 2017 |archive-date=20 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020183104/https://www.euppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3366/drs.2016.0147 |url-status=live |last1=Iacono |first1=Valeria Lo |last2=Brown |first2=David H. K. }}</ref> are combined within dance, making it a challenging but interesting type of heritage to safeguard.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
===Digital heritage=== thumb|Mapping of intangible heritage phenomena (GIS technology)<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Juśkiewicz |first1=Włodzimierz |last2=Jaszewski |first2=Jakub |last3=Brykała |first3=Dariusz |last4=Piotrowski |first4=Robert |last5=Alexander |first5=K. M. |last6=Juśkiewicz |first6=Kacper B. |date=2025-12-31 |title=A new and extensive geographical description of supernatural phenomena in Polish and German Pomerania (POMERANIÆ POLONICÆ ET GERMANICÆ PHÆNOMENA SUPERNATURALIA NOVA ET EMPLA DESCRIPTIO GEOGRAPHICA), 1:720,000 |journal=Journal of Maps |language=EN |doi=10.1080/17445647.2024.2434015 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2025JMaps..2134015J }}</ref> {{Main|Digital heritage}} Digital heritage is a representation of heritage in the digital realm and is a sub-category of Intangible Cultural Heritage.<ref name="nova">{{cite journal|title=Transmitting Al Ardha: Traditional Arab Sword Dance|first=Muqeem|last=Khan|date=1 March 2015|journal=International Journal of Heritage in the Digital Era|volume=4|issue=1|pages=71–86|doi=10.1260/2047-4970.4.1.71}}{{dead link|date=December 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> It refers primarily to the use of digital media in the service of preserving cultural or natural heritage.<ref>{{cite book |title=New Heritage: New Media and Cultural Heritage |editor=Yehuda Kalay |editor2=Thomas Kvan |editor3=Janice Affleck |publisher=Routledge |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-135-97770-2}}</ref><ref>Ann Marie Sullivan, Cultural Heritage & New Media: A Future for the Past, 15 J. MARSHALL REV. INTELL. PROP. L. 604 (2016) https://repository.jmls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1392&context=ripl {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405095657/https://repository.jmls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1392&context=ripl |date=5 April 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Theorizing Digital Cultural Heritage: A Critical Discourse |editor=Fiona Cameron |editor2=Sarah Kenderdine |editor2-link=Sarah Kenderdine |publisher=MIT Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-262-03353-4}}</ref> Examples of this include mapping of intangible heritage phenomena, such as folk beliefs linked to the supernatural beings.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Juśkiewicz |first1=Włodzimierz |last2=Jaszewski |first2=Jakub |last3=Brykała |first3=Dariusz |last4=Piotrowski |first4=Robert |last5=Alexander |first5=K.M. |last6=Juśkiewicz |first6=Kacper B. |date=2025-12-31 |title=Supernatural beings of Pomerania: postmodern mapping of folkloristic sources |journal=Journal of Maps |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=1–15 |article-number=2434015 |doi=10.1080/17445647.2024.2434015 |doi-access=free |bibcode=2025JMaps..2134015J }}</ref>
=== Sports heritage === {{Excerpt|Traditional Sports and Games|paragraphs=2}}
==Oral continuity== {{main|Oral tradition}} {{Gallery |align=right |mode=nolines |File:Pol festival 2007.JPG|Greek polyphonic group from Dropull wearing skoufos and fustanella |File:A traditional male folk group from Skrapar.JPG|Albanian polyphonic group from Skrapar wearing qeleshe and fustanella }} Intangible cultural heritage is passed orally within a community, and while there may be individuals who are known tradition bearers, ICH is often broader than one individual's own skills or knowledge. A 2006 report by the government of Newfoundland and Labrador said, regarding oral culture in their area, "The processes involved in the continuation of this traditional knowledge constitute one of the most interesting aspects of our living heritage. Each member of the community possesses a piece of the shared knowledge.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Farah|first1=Paolo Davide|last2=Tremolada|first2=Riccardo|title=Desirability of Commodification of Intangible Cultural Heritage: The Unsatisfying Role of Intellectual Property Rights|journal=Transnational Dispute Management|date=March 15, 2014|volume=11|issue=2|ssrn=2472339}}</ref> Crucial knowledge is passed on during community activities, frequently without any conscious attention to the process."<ref>{{cite book |title=Creative Newfoundland and Labrador: The Blueprint for Development and Investment in Culture |date=2006 |publisher=Government of Newfoundland and Labrador |location=St. John's, NL |url=http://www.tcii.gov.nl.ca/artsculture/pdf/culturalplan2006.pdf |access-date=9 June 2017 |archive-date=18 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170718160730/http://www.tcii.gov.nl.ca/artsculture/pdf/culturalplan2006.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
==Preservation== {{Main|Preservation of meaning}} Prior to the UNESCO Convention, efforts had already been made by a number of states to safeguard their intangible heritage.<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/tk/en/databases/creative_heritage/docs/subtle_power.pdf |title=The Subtle Power of Intangible Heritage: Legal and Financial Instruments for Safeguarding Intangible Heritage |author-last1=Deacon|author-first1= Harriet |display-authors=etal|publisher=Human Sciences Research Council |year=2004 |isbn=978-0796920744 |page=21 |access-date=9 June 2017 |archive-date=20 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020183103/https://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/tk/en/databases/creative_heritage/docs/subtle_power.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> Japan, with its 1950 Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, was the first to introduce legislation to preserve and promote intangible as well as tangible culture: Important Intangible Cultural Properties are designated and "holders" recognized of these craft and performance traditions, known informally as Living National Treasures.<ref name="Yang">{{cite book |title=Cultural Protection Policy in Korea: Intangible Cultural Properties and Living National Treasures |author-last1=Yang|author-first1=Jongsung|publisher=Jimoondang International |year=2003 |isbn=978-1931897051 |pages=33ff}}</ref><ref name=Kurin>{{cite journal|last=Kurin|first=Richard|title=Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage in the 2003 UNESCO Convention: a critical appraisal|journal=Museum International|date=1 May 2004|volume=56|issue=1–2|pages=66–77|doi=10.1111/j.1350-0775.2004.00459.x|s2cid=142579517}}</ref> Other countries, including South Korea (Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Korea), the Philippines, Ukraine, the United States, Thailand, France, Romania, the Czech Republic, and Poland, have since created similar programs.<ref name=Kurin/>
In 2003 UNESCO adopted the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. This went into effect on 20 April 2006. The Convention recommends that countries and scholars develop inventories of ICH in their territory, as well as work with the groups who maintain these ICH to ensure their continued existences; it also provides for funds to be voluntarily collected among UNESCO members and then disbursed to support the maintenance of recognized ICH.<ref name=Kurin/> UNESCO has also created other intangible culture programs, such as a list called Proclamation of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity. This list began in 2001 with 19 items and a further 28 were listed in 2003 and another 43 in 2005. In part, the original list was seen as a way to correct the imbalance in the World Heritage List, since it excluded many Southern Hemisphere cultures which did not produce monuments or other physical cultural manifestations.<ref name = Kurin/> It was superseded in 2008 by the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
According to academic Yi Sun publishing in 2024, "China has played an increasingly dynamic role in energizing" the Intangible Cultural Heritage Cooperation program.<ref name=":Sun">{{Cite book |last=Sun |first=Yi |title=China under Xi Jinping: A New Assessment |publisher=Leiden University Press |year=2024 |isbn=9789087284411 |editor-last=Fang |editor-first=Qiang |chapter=Necessitated by Geopolitics: China's Economic and Cultural Initiatives in Central Asia |jstor=jj.15136086 |editor-last2=Li |editor-first2=Xiaobing}}</ref>{{Rp|page=157}}
Recently there has been much debate over protecting intangible cultural heritage through intellectual property rights, as well as the desirability to do so through this legal framework and the risks of commodification derived from this possibility.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ssrn.com/abstract=2705698 |title=Farah, Paolo Davide and Tremolada, Riccardo ''Conflict between Intellectual Property Rights and Human Rights: A Case Study on Intangible Cultural Heritage'' (December 19, 2015). Oregon Law Review, Vol. 94, No. 1, 2015 |access-date=3 July 2016 |archive-date=11 April 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411142434/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2705698 |url-status=live }}</ref> The issue still remains open in legal scholarship.{{Citation needed|date=March 2021}}
In recent years, digital methods have increasingly been used to support the documentation and preservation of Intangible Cultural Heritage. Approaches developed within the field of Digital Humanities—including digital mapping, data visualization, and network analysis—enable researchers to document cultural practices, trace the circulation of traditional knowledge, and analyze the transformation of heritage in digital environments. Such methods have also been applied to study processes of appropriation or biopiracy of traditional medicinal knowledge through the analysis of web data and patent databases, contributing to new forms of digital monitoring and documentation of intangible cultural heritage.<ref>Berry, David M. (2012). Understanding Digital Humanities. Palgrave Macmillan.</ref><ref>Schnapp, Jeffrey & Presner, Todd (2009). Digital Humanities Manifesto 2.0.</ref><ref>Torrez-Yepez, Luis (2024). "Étude de l’appropriation du patrimoine culturel immatériel grâce aux méthodes numériques: visualisation et cartographie de la biopiraterie des médecines traditionnelles". PhD thesis, Université Paris 8. Available at: https://theses.fr/2024PA080049 </ref>
==List of countries with UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage elements== {{Main|UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists}} {{See also|List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Eastern Europe}} {{See also|List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Northern Europe}} ''Note'': Each country may maintain its own cultural heritage lists, items of which are not necessarily inscribed into UNESCO lists. {| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;" |- !scope="col"| Rank !scope="col"| Country !scope="col"| ICHs{{efn|Number of intangible cultural heritage elements inscribed by UNESCO<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/lists?multinational=3&display1=inscriptionID&display=maps#tabs|title=Map of the Intangible Cultural Heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=10 May 2017|archive-date=10 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170510144619/http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/lists?multinational=3&display1=inscriptionID&display=maps#tabs|url-status=live}}</ref>}} !{{Abbr|Ref|Reference}} |- !scope="row" | 1 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|China}} {{ill|List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in China|lt=China|zh|中華人民共和國非物質文化遺產名錄}} | 45 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/china-CN|title=China – intangible heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081404/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/china-CN|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope="row" | 2 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Turkey}} Turkey | 32 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/turkey-TR|title=Turkey – intangible heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081832/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/turkey-TR|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope="row" | 3 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|France}} France | 30 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/france-FR|title=France – intangible heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020206/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/france-FR|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope="row" | 4 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Iran}} Iran | 27 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/iran-islamic-republic-of-IR|title=Iran – intangible heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=7 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211207092715/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/iran-islamic-republic-of-IR|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope="row" | 5 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Spain}} Spain | 26 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/spain-ES|title=Spain – intangible heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020449/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/spain-ES|url-status=live}}</ref> |- !scope="row" | 6 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Azerbaijan}} Azerbaijan | 24 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/azerbaijan-AZ|title=Azerbaijan – intangible heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081952/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/azerbaijan-AZ|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="3" scope="row" | 7 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Croatia}} Croatia | rowspan="3" | 23 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/croatia-HR|title=Croatia – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020116/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/croatia-HR|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Japan}} Japan |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/japan-JP|title=Japan – intangible heritage|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081501/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/japan-JP|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|South Korea}} South Korea |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/republic-of-korea-KR|title=Republic of Korea – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081722/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/republic-of-korea-KR|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="3" scope="row" | 8 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Belgium}} Belgium | rowspan="3" | 21 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/belgium-BE|title=Belgium – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204082016/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/belgium-BE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Italy}} Italy |<ref name="Italy – intangible heritage">{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/italy-IT|title=Italy – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020302/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/italy-IT|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|United Arab Emirates}} United Arab Emirates |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/united-arab-emirates-AE|title=United Arab Emirates – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=14 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214180754/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/united-arab-emirates-AE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="3" scope="row" | 9 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Oman}} Oman | rowspan="3" | 18 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/oman-OM |title=Oman – intangible heritage |access-date=7 December 2017 |archive-date=14 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214180531/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/oman-OM |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Saudi Arabia}} Saudi Arabia |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/saudi-arabia-SA|title=Saudi Arabia – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=14 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214180548/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/saudi-arabia-SA|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Uzbekistan}} Uzbekistan |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/uzbekistan-UZ|title=Uzbekistan – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081854/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/uzbekistan-UZ|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" | 10 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Mongolia}} {{ill|List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Mongolia|lt=Mongolia|fr|Liste du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l'humanité en Mongolie}} | rowspan="2" | 17 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mongolia-MN |title=Mongolia – intangible heritage |access-date=7 December 2017 |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081608/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mongolia-MN |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Vietnam}} {{ill|List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in Vietnam|lt=Vietnam|fr|Liste du patrimoine culturel immatériel de l'humanité au Vietnam}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/viet-nam-VN|title=Viet Nam – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081907/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/viet-nam-VN|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="4" scope="row" | 11 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|India}} India | rowspan="4" | 16 |<ref>{{cite web |title=India – intangible heritage |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/india-IN |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081439/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/india-IN |archive-date=4 December 2021 |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Indonesia}} Indonesia |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/indonesia-ID|title=Indonesia – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=16 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211216020647/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/indonesia-ID|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Kyrgyzstan}} Kyrgyzstan |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kyrgyzstan-KG|title=Kyrgyzstan – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081520/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kyrgyzstan-KG|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Morocco}} Morocco |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/morocco-MA|title=Morocco – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=14 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214180905/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/morocco-MA|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" | 12 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Colombia}} Colombia | rowspan="2" | 15 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/colombia-CO |title=Colombia – intangible heritage |access-date=9 December 2023 |archive-date=14 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214012108/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/colombia-CO |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Peru}} Peru |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/peru-PE |title=Peru – intangible heritage |access-date=9 December 2023 |archive-date=14 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214012110/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/peru-PE |url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" | 13 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Iraq}} Iraq | rowspan="2" | 14 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/iraq-IQ |title=Iraq – intangible heritage |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Kazakhstan}} Kazakhstan |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kazakhstan-KZ |title=Kazakhstan – intangible heritage |access-date=7 December 2017 |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081509/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kazakhstan-KZ |url-status=live}}</ref> |- |- ! rowspan="3" scope="row" | 14 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Algeria}} Algeria | rowspan="3" | 13 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/algeria-DZ |title=Algeria – intangible heritage |access-date=22 December 2020 |archive-date=14 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211214180758/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/algeria-DZ |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Mexico}} Mexico |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mexico-MX |title=Mexico – intangible heritage |access-date=7 December 2017 |archive-date=5 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205104447/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mexico-MX |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Tajikistan}} Tajikistan |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/tajikistan-TJ|title=Tajikistan – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="2" scope="row" | 15 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Austria}} Austria | rowspan="2" | 12 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/austria-AT |title=Austria – intangible heritage |access-date=22 December 2020 |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081946/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/austria-AT |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Portugal}} Portugal |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/portugal-PT|title=Portugal – intangible heritage|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020406/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/portugal-PT|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="7" scope="row" | 16 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Greece}} Greece | rowspan="7" | 11 |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/greece-GR |title=Greece – intangible heritage |access-date=22 December 2020 |archive-date=5 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020233/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/greece-GR |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Czech Republic}} Czech Republic |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/czechia-CZ |title=Czech Republic – intangible heritage |access-date=12 December 2023 |archive-date=16 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216054607/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/czechia-CZ |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Egypt}} Egypt |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/egypt-EG |title=Egypt – intangible heritage |access-date=10 December 2023 |archive-date=12 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212043140/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/egypt-EG |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Jordan}} Jordan |<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/jordan-JO |title=Jordan – intangible heritage |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Romania}} Romania |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/romania-RO |title=Romania – intangible heritage |access-date=7 December 2017 |archive-date=5 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020421/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/romania-RO |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Switzerland}} Switzerland |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/switzerland-CH |title=Switzerland – intangible heritage |access-date=10 December 2023 |archive-date=13 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113345/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/switzerland-CH |url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Venezuela}} Venezuela |<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/venezuela-bolivarian-republic-of-VE |title=Venezuela – intangible heritage |access-date=22 December 2020 |archive-date=5 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205104621/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/venezuela-bolivarian-republic-of-VE |url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="7" scope="row" | 17 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Bolivia}} Bolivia | rowspan="7" | 10 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bolivia-plurinational-state-of-BO|title=Bolivia – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020618/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bolivia-plurinational-state-of-BO|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Brazil}} Brazil |<ref>{{cite web |title=Brazil – intangible heritage |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/brazil-BR |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020626/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/brazil-BR |archive-date=5 December 2021 |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Germany}} Germany |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/germany-DE|title=Germany – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113334/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/germany-DE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Hungary}} Hungary |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/hungary-HU|title=Hungary – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=11 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211125545/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/hungary-HU|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Slovakia}} Slovakia |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/slovakia-SK|title=Slovakia – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=5 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211205020437/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/slovakia-SK|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Tunisia}} Tunisia |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/tunisia-TN|title=Tunisia – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212164947/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/tunisia-TN|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Turkmenistan}} Turkmenistan |<ref>{{cite web |title=Turkmenistan |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/turkmenistan-TM |website=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Centre |access-date=14 February 2026}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="6" scope="row" | 18 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Bulgaria}} Bulgaria | rowspan="6" | 9 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bulgaria-BG|title=Bulgaria – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204173754/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bulgaria-BG|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Malaysia}} Malaysia |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/malaysia-MY|title=Malaysia – intangible heritage|access-date=17 December 2023|archive-date=16 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231216040008/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/malaysia-MY|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Mali}} Mali |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mali-ML|title=Mali – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=9 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211209071359/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mali-ML|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Mauritania}} Mauritania |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mauritania-MR|title=Mauritania – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=10 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210105810/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mauritania-MR|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Palestine}} Palestine |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/palestine-PS|title=Palestine – intangible heritage|access-date=9 December 2023|archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519032320/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/palestine-PS|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Syria}} Syria |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/syrian-arab-republic-SY|title=Syria – intangible heritage|access-date=2 December 2022|archive-date=2 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002061154/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/syrian-arab-republic-SY|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="4" scope="row" | 19 | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Armenia}} Armenia | rowspan="4" | 8 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/armenia-AM|title=Armenia – intangible heritage|access-date=22 December 2020|archive-date=4 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204081940/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/armenia-AM|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Cuba}} Cuba |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cuba-CU|title=Cuba – intangible heritage |website=UNESCO |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219021320/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cuba-CU |archive-date= 19 Dec 2023 }}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Cyprus}} Cyprus |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cyprus-CY|title=Cyprus – intangible heritage|access-date=9 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212233622/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cyprus-CY|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Nigeria}} Nigeria |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/nigeria-NG|title=Nigeria – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113301/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/nigeria-NG|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="10" scope="row" | 20 | align="left" | {{flagu|Belarus}} | rowspan="10" | 7 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/belarus-BY|title=Belarus – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113316/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/belarus-BY|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Cambodia}} Cambodia |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cambodia-KH|title=Cambodia – intangible heritage|access-date=4 December 2024|archive-date=24 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230624071606/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cambodia-KH|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Estonia}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/estonia-EE|title=Estonia – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212233622/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/estonia-EE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Ethiopia}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ethiopia-ET|title=Ethiopia – intangible heritage |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Kuwait}} Kuwait |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kuwait-KW|title=Kuwait – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214005032/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kuwait-KW|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Philippines}} Philippines |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/philippines-PH|title=Philippines – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=7 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231207055650/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/philippines-PH|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Poland}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/poland-PL|title=Poland – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212233622/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/poland-PL|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Qatar}} Qatar |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/qatar-QA|title=Qatar – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214005022/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/qatar-QA|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Slovenia}} Slovenia |<ref>{{cite web|title=Slovenia – intangible heritage|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/slovenia-SI|website=ich.unesco.org|access-date=10 December 2023|language=en|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113329/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/slovenia-SI|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Ukraine}} Ukraine |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ukraine-UA|title=Ukraine – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=6 July 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706095944/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ukraine-UA|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="13" scope="row" | 21 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Bangladesh}} Bangladesh | rowspan="13" | 6 |<ref>{{cite web |title=UNESCO - Bangladesh |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bangladesh-BD |website=ich.unesco.org |access-date=7 December 2023 |language=en |archive-date=3 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231203110301/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bangladesh-BD |url-status=live }}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Bosnia and Herzegovina}} Bosnia and Herzegovina |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bosnia-and-herzegovina-BA|title=Bosnia and Herzegovina – intangible heritage|access-date=2 January 2024|archive-date=19 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219021318/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bosnia-and-herzegovina-BA|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Kenya}} Kenya |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kenya-KE|title=Kenya – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=8 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231208003235/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/kenya-KE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Luxembourg}} Luxembourg |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/luxembourg-LU|title=Luxembourg – intangible heritage|access-date=9 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113326/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/luxembourg-LU|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Malawi}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/malawi-MW|title=Malawi – intangible heritage |website=UNESCO |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219021331/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/malawi-MW |archive-date= 19 Dec 2023 }}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|North Macedonia}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/north-macedonia-MK|title=North Macedonia – intangible heritage |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Norway}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/norway-NO|title=Norway – intangible heritage |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Serbia}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/serbia-RS|title=Serbia – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Sudan}} Sudan |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/sudan-SD|title=Sudan – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Thailand}} Thailand |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/thailand-TH|title=Thailand – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214012104/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/thailand-TH|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Uganda}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/uganda-UG|title=Uganda – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214002009/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/uganda-UG|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Yemen}} Yemen |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/yemen-YE|title=Yemen – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214005023/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/yemen-YE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Zambia}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/zambia-ZM|title=Zambia – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212045712/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/zambia-ZM|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="12" scope="row" | 22 | align="left" | {{flagu|Afghanistan}} | rowspan="12" | 5 |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/afghanistan-AF|title=Afghanistan – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Albania}} Albania |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/albania-AL|title=Albania – intangible heritage|access-date=24 December 2023|archive-date=19 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231219021316/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/albania-AL|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Bahrain}} Bahrain |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bahrain-BH|title=Bahrain – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212195854/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bahrain-BH|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Dominican Republic}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/dominican-republic-DO|title=Dominican Republic – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214005047/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/dominican-republic-DO|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Georgia}} Georgia |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/georgia-GE|title=Georgia – intangible heritage|access-date=26 June 2025}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Guatemala}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/guatemala-GT|title=Guatemala – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214002014/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/guatemala-GT|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Ireland}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ireland-IE|title=Ireland – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113325/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ireland-IE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Ivory Coast}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cote-d-ivoire-CI|title=Ivory Coast – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=10 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210121039/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cote-d-ivoire-CI|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Moldova}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/republic-of-moldova-MD|title=Moldova – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212084244/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/republic-of-moldova-MD|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Netherlands}} Netherlands |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/netherlands-NL|title=Netherlands – intangible heritage|access-date=14 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113326/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/netherlands-NL|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|North Korea}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/democratic-people-s-republic-of-korea-KP|title=North Korea – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=10 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210121038/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/democratic-people-s-republic-of-korea-KP|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Panama}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/panama-PA|title=Panama – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="13" scope="row" | 23 | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Andorra}} Andorra | rowspan="13" | 4 |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/andorra-AD|title=Andorra – intangible heritage|access-date=9 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212074430/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/andorra-AD|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Argentina}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/argentina-AR|title=Argentina – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Botswana}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/botswana-BW|title=Botswana – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113250/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/botswana-BW|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Cameroon}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/cameroon-CM|title=Cameroon – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Chile}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/chile-CL|title=Chile|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Ecuador}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ecuador-EC|title=Ecuador – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=10 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210105011/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ecuador-EC|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Finland}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/finland-FI|title=Finland – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113337/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/finland-FI|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Lithuania}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/lithuania-LT|title=Lithuania – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=11 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240411142356/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/lithuania-LT|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Madagascar}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/madagascar-MG|title=Madagascar – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212214253/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/madagascar-MG|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Mauritius}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mauritius-MU|title=Mauritius – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113309/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mauritius-MU|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagdeco|Pakistan}} Pakistan |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/pakistan-PK|title=Pakistan – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=14 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231214012100/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/pakistan-PK|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Paraguay}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/paraguay-PY|title=Paraguay – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Sweden}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/sweden-SE|title=Sweden – intangible heritage|access-date=12 December 2023|archive-date=13 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213113318/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/sweden-SE|url-status=live}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="9" scope="row" | 24 | align="left" | {{flagu|Djibouti}} | rowspan="9" | 3 |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/djibouti-DJ|title=Djibouti |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Haiti}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/haiti-HT|title=Haiti |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Jamaica}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/jamaica-JM|title=Jamaica |website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Latvia}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/latvia-LV|title=Latvia |access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212071229/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/latvia-LV|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Lebanon}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/lebanon-LB|title=Lebanon|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Mozambique}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mozambique-MZ|title=Mozambique – intangible heritage|access-date=10 December 2023|archive-date=12 December 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231212071229/https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/mozambique-MZ|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Senegal}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/senegal-SN|title=Senegal|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Sri Lanka}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/sri-lanka-LK|title=Sri Lanka – intangible heritage|website=UNESCO}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Togo}} |<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/togo-TG|title=Togo |publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="13" scope="row" | 27 | align="left" | {{flagu|Belize}} | rowspan="13" | 2 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/belize-BZ|title=Belize|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Denmark}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/denmark-DK|title=Denmark|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Honduras}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/honduras-HN|title=Honduras|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Iceland}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/iceland-IS|title=Iceland|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Ghana}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/ghana-GH|title=Ghana|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Republic of the Congo}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/congo-CG|title=Congo|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Namibia}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/namibia-NA|title=Namibia|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Nicaragua}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/nicaragua-NI|title=Nicaragua|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Niger}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/niger-NE|title=Niger|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Russia}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/russian-federation-RU|title=Russia|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Somalia}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/somalia-SO|title=Somalia|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Uruguay}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/uruguay-UY|title=Uruguay|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- | align="left" | {{flagu|Zimbabwe}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/zimbabwe-ZW|title=Zimbabwe|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage |access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref> |- ! rowspan="17" scope="row" | 26 | align="left" | {{flagu|Angola}} | rowspan="17" |1 |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/angola-AO|title=Angola|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Bahamas}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bahamas-BS|title=Bahamas|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Bhutan}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/bhutan-BT|title=Bhutan|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Burkina Faso}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/burkina-faso-BF|title=Burkina Faso|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Burundi}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/burundi-BI|title=Burundi|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Central African Republic}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/central-african-republic-CF|title=Central African Republic|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Chad}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/comoros-KM|title=Chad|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Comoros}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/comoros-KM|title=Comoros|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Democratic Republic of the Congo}} |<ref name="Democratic Republic of the Congo">{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/democratic-republic-of-the-congo-CD|title=Democratic Republic of the Congo|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|El Salvador}} |<ref>{{Cite web |title=Browse the Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage and the Register of good safeguarding practices: El Salvador |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/lists?text=&country[]=00065&multinational=3#tabs |access-date=2026-05-13 |website=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Gabon}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/el-salvador-SV|title=El Salvador|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Gambia}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/gambia-GM|title=Gambia|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Guinea}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/guinea-GN|title=Guinea|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Libya}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/libya-LY|title=Libya|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Myanmar}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/myanmar-MM|title=Myanmar|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagdeco|Rwanda}} Rwanda |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/rwanda-RW|title=Rwanda|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |- | align="left" |{{flagu|Vanuatu}} |<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/state/vanuatu-VU|title=Vanuatu|publisher=UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}}</ref> |}
== See also == {{portal|border=no|Society|World}} <!-- New links in alphabetical order please --> * Living human treasure * Non-material culture
==Note== {{notelist}}
== References == {{Reflist}}
== Further reading == *Petrillo Pier Luigi, Biocultural diversity and the Mediterranean Diet, in FAO, Sustainable diets and biodiversity, Rome 2012 * Petrillo Pier Luigi, The Legal Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage. A comparative Perspective, Springer 2020
==External links== {{Wikivoyage|UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage}} {{Wiktionary}}
*{{Official website|https://ich.unesco.org/en/home}} *[https://ich.unesco.org/doc/src/00078-EN.pdf Definitions of Intangible Cultural Heritage] as of States, IGOs and NGOs in 2001 *[https://ich.unesco.org/en/convention Full text of the Convention] *[https://www.academia.edu/1805038/What_is_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_ICH_ What Is ICH?] document from Newfoundland, Canada *[http://www.worlddanceheritage.org/living-heritage/ Exploring a Model of Living Cultural Heritage] New model of Intangible heritage *[https://web.archive.org/web/20190209125626/https://www.culturequintessence.com/en/intangible-cultural-heritage-home/ Culture Quintessence] Internationally oriented enterprise dedicated to the protection, appreciation and transmission of Intangible Cultural Heritage *[https://dedalo.dev Dédalo. Open source software for management of Cultural Heritage (tangible and intangible) and Oral History] *[https://patrimoniuindustrial.com/en/immaterial/ Intangible Spanish heritage]
{{World topic|title=Lists of UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage elements|prefix=List of Intangible Cultural Heritage elements in|noredlinks=yes}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Conservation and restoration of cultural heritage Category:Cultural anthropology Category:Cultural heritage Category:Traditional knowledge Category:Traditions