Insular G

{{Short description|Form of the letter g in Insular script}} {{inline|date=September 2016}}thumb|125px|Insular G {{Infobox grapheme | letter =Ᵹ ᵹ | image = Latin Letter Insular G.png | fam1 = G g | script = Latin | usageperiod = 600s to 800s }} [[Image:Latin alphabet Gg.svg|thumb|125px|Carolingian G]] '''Insular G''' (majuscule: Ᵹ, minuscule: ᵹ) is a form of the letter g somewhat resembling an ezh, used in the medieval insular script of Great Britain and Ireland. It was first used in the Roman Empire in Roman cursive, then it appeared in Irish half uncial (insular) script, and after it had passed into Old English, it developed into the Middle English letter yogh (Ȝ ȝ). Middle English, having reborrowed the familiar Carolingian g from the Continent, began to use the two forms of g as separate letters.

==Letter== [[File:Sign-1805, Newcastlewest, Co. Limerick, Ireland.jpg|thumb|Insular Gs written in Gaelic type in Newcastlewest, Ireland: "1926 – Árus na Gaeilge" (House of Irish)]] The lowercase insular g (ᵹ) was used in Irish linguistics as a phonetic character for {{IPAblink|ɣ}}, and on this basis is encoded in the Phonetic Extensions block of Unicode 4.1 (March 2005) as U+1D79. Its capital (Ᵹ) was introduced in Unicode 5.1 (April 2008) at U+A77D. The insular {{gph|g}} is one of several insular letters encoded into Unicode for phonetics use.{{efn|Gaelic type, used to write Irish and Scottish Gaelic, is a typeface that has glyphs for {{angbr|G}} and {{angbr|g}} that typically resemble the phonetics insulular g, but uses {{unichar2|G}} and {{unichar2|g}}, not {{unichar|1D79}} and {{unichar|A77D}}.}} Few fonts will display all of the symbols, but more than a few will display the lowercase insular g (ᵹ) and the tironian et (⁊). Two fonts that support the other characters too are Junicode and Tehuti. thumb|right|The relationship between different fonts, showing the development of the minuscule {{Unicode chart Insular}}

==Turned insular g== A turned version of insular g (Ꝿ ꝿ) was used by William Pryce to designate the velar nasal ŋ.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2006/06266-n3122-insular.pdf|title=L2/06-266: Proposal to add Latin letters and a Greek symbol to the UCS|date=2006-08-06|first=Michael|last=Everson}}</ref>

==Notes== {{notelist}}

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20080211121716/http://www.english.su.se/nlj/ormproj/fonts/yogh.htm Drawing an insular G] (here mistaken for yogh) * Michael Everson's article [http://www.evertype.com/standards/wynnyogh/ezhyogh.html On the derivation of YOGH and EZH] shows insular g in several typefaces.

G insular Category:Anglo-Saxon literature G insular