Ingleholme

<!-- Article title: Ingleholme SHRNo:71 DatabaseNo:5045077 --> {{Use Australian English|date=June 2018}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2018}} {{italic title}} {{Infobox historic site | name = ''Ingleholme'' | image = Ingleholme, Turramurra, Sydney.jpg | caption = ''Ingleholme'', pictured in January 2008 | locmapin = Australia Sydney#Australia | map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|-33.7282|151.1367|region:AU-NSW_type:landmark|display=inline,title|format=dms}} | map_relief = yes | location = 17 Boomerang Street, Turramurra, Ku-ring-gai Council, New South Wales, Australia | area = | elevation = | height = | beginning_label = Design period | beginning_date = | formed = | founded = | built = 1895&ndash;1896 | built_for = | demolished = | architect = Sir John Sulman | architecture = Federation Queen Anne | owner = | designation1 = New South Wales State Heritage Register | designation1_offname = Ingleholme and garage | designation1_type = State heritage (built) | designation1_date = 2 April 1999 | delisted1_date = | designation1_partof = | designation1_number = 71 | designation1_free1name = Type | designation1_free1value = House | designation1_free2name = Category | designation1_free2value = Residential buildings (private) | designation1_free3name = Builders | designation1_free3value = }}

'''''Ingleholme''''' is a heritage-listed residence at 17 Boomerang Street, in the Sydney suburb of Turramurra, New South Wales in Australia. It was designed by Sir John Sulman and built from 1895 to 1896. It is also known as '''''Ingleholme'' and Garage'''. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.<ref name=nswshr-71>{{cite NSW SHR|5045077|Ingleholme & Garage|hr=00071|fn=S90/06269 & HC 32004|accessdate=1 June 2018}}</ref>

== History == ===Turramurra=== Turramurra is {{convert|170|m}} {{AHD}}, {{convert|30|m}} above Pymble and {{convert|17|km}} from the Sydney central business district. It has an average of {{convert|1400|mm}} of rain per annum, one of the highest for the Sydney metro area. It has a population of close to 11,000 and an area of {{convert|6.13|km2}}. It is bordered on one end by the Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park and on the other by Lane Cove National Park.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

Originally a timber-getting area, European settlement begun in 1822 until after 1850 when orchardists came to occupy extensive landholdings producing a variety of citrus and other fruits including persimmons, custard apples and Chinese pears.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

The Turramurra railway station was opened on 1 January 1890. The suburb was then known as Eastern Road and it was nearly a year later on 14 December 1890 that Turramurra was named after the Aboriginal word meaning "high hill".<ref name=nswshr-71/> The railway brought immediate progress. In 1881 the population was only 142, by 1891 it was 788 and in 1901 1,306.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

There was no electricity until 1927, water was piped from Wahroonga Reservoir and the outside loos were regularly emptied by the nightwatchman. The gaslights were lit each evening by the gaslighter. Those with very large properties kept cows for instant milk supply. Many dairies were established and the milkman delivered twice a day. By 1920, fruit fly put an end to all commercial growing of fruit on the North Shore and the land were converted into Chinese gardens.<ref name=nswshr-71-739>Edwards, 2009, 1-2</ref><ref name=nswshr-71/>

===Bobbin Head Road=== Bobbin Head Road (formerly Ku-Ring-Gai Chase Road) is said to be an Aboriginal word for "a smoky place", or, named after a rock resembling a head bobbing in water when the tide comes in, or, said to be the name of a farm owned by one "Hutchinson". "Ku-Ring-Gai" is the modified version of the name of the Aboriginal tribe (Guringai) that dwelt in the region. The word was first used by Europeans in the naming of Ku-Ring-Gai Chase National Park. Boomerang Street is from an Aboriginal word for "weapon for throwing when hunting".<ref name=nswshr-71/>

===Ku-Ring-Gai Avenue=== The most expensive subdivision, with lots of {{convert|10|acre|ha|order=flip}} or more available, is the portion around Ku-ring-gai Avenue and Boomerang Street and a number of houses listed in the Sands Directory of 1903 are found here. Chinese market gardens in the area disappeared after WWII. Ku-ring-gai Avenue was owned by a few prominent people, including:<ref name=nswshr-71/> *2 – Ellerslie 1899 – John Shedden Adam *8 – Mildura 1899 – Slatyer and Cosh *12 – Ballydown 1897 – Charles Slatyer – Martin McIlrath (second owner of Ingleholme) *17 – Glensloy, Wychwood 1901 – Robertson and Marks – G. E. McFarlane (tobacco merchant) Originally on a 9-acre site *25 – Yacaba 1897 – Walter Vindin (solicitor) *31 – Creighton, Cainga, Tanvally 1899 – Thomas Cosh *34 – Newstead, Yprina 1903 (Lichtner, chemist and importer) *37 – Ilanscourt 1897 – Nixon and Allen – W. J. Baker (Cutler and Instrument maker) *43 – Sylvan Fels, Cossington 1899 – Nixon and Allen – Grace Cossington Smith gave drawing and painting lessons. *44 – Waiwera 1900 – additions by Spain and Cosh (Sir Joseph Palmer Abbott); Woodstock 1905 – Spain and Cosh – W. C. Penfold *51 – Highfield 1917 *54 – Erahor, Cairns 1900 – Spain and Cosh (Thomas Cosh) – Dr Cosh and later J. P Dowling *55 – Hampton 1900 – Alex Joske *56 – Strathendrick 1899 – Spain and Cosh – Mr Ward rented from Cosh *60 – The Terricks 1908 – Spain and Cosh, (Thomas Cosh) *62 – Egelabra 1908 – Spain and Cosh (Thomas Cosh) *77 – Talagon 1897 – Arthur Stanton Cook<ref name=nswshr-71/>

===Boomerang Avenue=== *2 – Sunny Law 1912 – Spain Cosh and Dodds, W. Dougall *6 – Clavally 1895–1900 – E. J. McCulloch (solicitor) *17 – Ingleholme 1896 – John Sulman.<ref name=nswshr-71-740>Edwards, 2009</ref><ref name=nswshr-71/>

===Sir John Sulman=== {{main|John Sulman}} In 1895 John Sulman purchased {{convert|7|acre|ha|0|spell=on|order=flip}} on Ku-Ring-Gai Chase Road (now Bobbin Head Road) on which to build a house for his parents. He mapped out the road that was to be built to gain access to the site. When the cottage was nearing completion, however, his parents had a change of heart, deciding that the location was too secluded for them and "very dull". In view of this Sulman bought another property nearby, right on Lane Cove Road (now the Pacific Highway) just across the road from Womerah Avenue. It was there that he built his parents' home. They moved to their new house in 1896 and named it ''Addiscombe'' after the village in Croydon on the outskirts of London where they had lived before emigrating to Australia.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

right|600 px|Ingleholme, Boomerang Street, Turramurra, Sydney, ca. 1906, Ingleholme, Boomerang Street, Turramurra, Sydney, ca. 1906 Sulman decided to move in to the first home and convert it to his family home and named it ''Ingleholme''. The house was in a continual state of flux from the time Sulman decided to move in. He extended it several times as his family grew, major phases of development coinciding with the birth of his children: Geoffrey in 1894, Joan in 1896, Thomas in 1899 and John in 1906. The building he designed occupied a floor space of {{convert|650|ft2|m2|order=flip}} and comprised a drawing room, dining room, large music room, nine bedrooms, a playroom, two bathrooms, kitchen pantry, storeroom, two box rooms, extensive stabling with asphalted and covered yards, two men's rooms and outbuildings including workshop, cycle and gardener's shops, rubbish destructor and a "good gymnasium". It was replete with up-to-date home conveniences, water, gas and drainage by a perfectly acting septic tank. The grounds comprised {{convert|2|acre|ha|0|spell=on|order=flip}} of garden, lawn and orchard and {{convert|5|acre|ha|0|spell=on|order=flip}} of good paddocks with good views. The garden was laid out formally with spacious lawns, clipped hedges, topiary, a vine walk, a kitchen garden, drying ground, fowl yards, paddocks and a small lucerne patch.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

The house is built of dark brown brick trimmed with red brick. A series of pitched and hipped roofs are covered with Marseilles tiles from which emanate towers, corbelled chimneys and gables. Sulman used cavity walls in areas exposed to weather and sold walls everywhere else. The deep porch is configured in such a way as to provide more than adequate shelter to visitors from inclement weather. French doors, retractable awnings, louvers and flap shutters kept the rooms cool during summers.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

right|thumb|John Sulman in front yard of Ingleholme, Boomerang Street, Turramurra, Sydney, ca. 1900 The playroom extension was distinctive because of its size, designed by Sulman to serve the recreation needs of his seven children. It was a "fine large room" equipped with hung shutters. A glazed bay window above a dais let in natural light. Adjoining this was a large recessed hearth for a log fire with an iron canopy. According to Sulman the playroom was "...a source of wonder to the people of the district as there was nothing like it anywhere in the neighbourhood especially to the R.C. orchardists of the vicinity some of whom could hardly be persuaded it was not to be used as a Protestant Chapel, in which case it was intimated it would not last long and might be found in ashes any fine morning. In addition to the fireplace turret there was also a ventilator on the roof which could easily be mistaken for a bell cot. But when it began to be used for its legitimate purpose the fears of the R.C. died down and they even attended an election meeting for Charles Wade when he ran for Parliament."<ref name=nswshr-71-741>Sulman, "The Story of Ingleholme", 12/1927, Sulman Papers, ML MSS4480</ref><ref name=nswshr-71/>

Red brick accented by white trimmed windows are in the Federation Queen Anne style. Old English vernacular is represented in the use of half-timbered gables and in the oriel windows. The expansive roof extends down onto the verandah. French doors from the principal rooms open out onto the verandah and thence onto the garden. The influence of Kerr and Stevenson may be seen in the configuration of the main spaces and principal rooms. The drawing room features Adam detailing and an inglenook, a distinctive and ubiquitous feature of Sulman's domestic designs; it is the basis of the name ''Ingleholme''.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

The dining room features cedar-panelled walls.<ref name=nswshr-71-739/><ref name=nswshr-71/>

The Sulmans lived at ''Ingleholme'' until October 1910 when it became "necessary to find a cooler climate" and alleviate Geoffrey's predisposition to digestive problems during the summer months and Annie's "rheumatism in the hands owing to living on clay soil and shale subsoil". They rented lodgings at Katoomba, Wentworth Falls and Medlow Bath in the Blue Mountains before moving to ''Kihilla'' at Lawson. ''Kihilla'' remained in the ownership of the Sulman family until it was sold in 1953. The Sulman home in Sydney was at ''Burrangong'' in Warung (Warrung) Street, McMahons Point.<ref name=nswshr-71/><ref>Edwards, 11/2009 pers.comm.</ref>

== Description == ===Site and house=== In 1895, {{convert|7|acre|ha|0|order=flip|spell=on}} on Ku-Ring-Gai Chase Road (now Bobbin Head Road).<ref name=nswshr-71/>

===Garden=== The grounds comprised two acres of garden, lawn and orchard and five acres of good paddocks with good views. The garden was laid out formally with spacious lawns, clipped hedges, topiary, a vine walk, a kitchen garden, drying ground, fowl yards, paddocks and a small lucerne patch.<ref name=nswshr-71-739/><ref name=nswshr-71/>

A row of six Bhutan cypresses (''Cupressus torulosa'') provide privacy and wind protection from the street.<ref name=nswshr-71-742>Stuart Read, pers.comm., 8/5/2015</ref><ref name=nswshr-71/>

===Buildings=== ====House==== Soon after a cottage was built, named Ingleholme. It was in a continual state of flux from the time Sulman bought it. He extended it several times, major phases coinciding with the birth of his children: 1894, 1896, 1899 and 1906. The building occupied a floor space of {{convert|650|ft2|m2|order=flip}} and comprised a drawing room, dining room, large music room, nine bedrooms, a playroom, two bathrooms, kitchen pantry, storeroom, two box rooms, extensive stabling with asphalted and covered yards, two men's rooms and outbuildings including workshop, cycle and gardener's shops, rubbish destructor and a "good gymnasium". It was replete with up-to-date home conveniences, water, gas and drainage by a perfectly acting septic tank.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

The house is of dark brown brick trimmed with red brick. A series of pitched and hipped roofs are covered with Marseilles tiles from which emanate towers, corbelled chimneys and gables. Sulman used cavity walls in areas exposed to weather and sold walls everywhere else. The deep porch is configured in such a way as to provide more than adequate shelter to visitors from inclement weather. French doors, retractable awnings, louvers and flap shutters kept the rooms cool during summers.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

The playroom extension was distinctive because of its size, designed to serve recreation needs of seven children. It was a "fine large room" equipped with hung shutters. A glazed bay window above a dais let in natural light. Adjoining this was a large recessed hearth for a log fire with an iron canopy. According to Sulman the playroom was "...a source of wonder to the people of the district as there was nothing like it anywhere in the neighbourhood especially to the R.C.orchardists of the vicinity some of whom could hardly be persuaded it was not to be used as a Protestant Chapel, in which case it was intimated it would not last long and might be found in ashes any fine morning. In addition to the fireplace turret there was also a ventilator on the roof which could easily be mistaken for a bell cot. But when it began to be used for its legitimate purpose the fears of the R.C. died down and they even attended an election meeting for Charles Wade when he ran for Parliament.".<ref name=nswshr-71-741/><ref name=nswshr-71/>

Red brick accented by white trimmed windows are in the Queen Anne style. Old English vernacular is represented in the use of half-timbered gables and in the oriel windows. The expansive roof extends down onto the verandah. French doors from the principal rooms open out onto the verandah and thence onto the garden. The influence of Kerr and Stevenson may be seen in the configuration of the main spaces and principal rooms. The drawing room features Adam detailing and an inglenook, a distinctive and ubiquitous feature of Sulman's domestic designs; it is the basis of the name "Ingleholme".<ref name=nswshr-71/>

The dining room features cedar-panelled walls.<ref name=nswshr-71-739/><ref name=nswshr-71/>

=== Modifications and dates === ''Ingleholme'' was in a continual state of flux from the time John Sulman bought it (ostensibly for a home for his parents) and decided to move in himself. He extended it several times as his family grew, major phases of development coinciding with the birth of his children: Geoffrey in 1894, Joan in 1896, Thomas in 1899 and John in 1906.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

The playroom extension was distinctive because of its size, designed by Sulman to serve the recreation needs of his seven children.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

== Heritage listing == ''Ingleholme'' was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.<ref name=nswshr-71/>

== See also == {{stack|{{Portal|Architecture}}}} *Australian residential architectural styles

== References == {{reflist}}

=== Bibliography === * {{cite book|author=Edwards, Dr. Zeny|date=2009|title=Grand Homes of the North Shore - a tour conducted by Zeny Edwards for the NSW Historic Houses Trust}}

=== Attribution === {{NSW-SHR-CC|name=Ingleholme & Garage|dno=5045077|id=00071|year=2018|accessdate=1 June 2018}}

==External links== {{commons category-inline|Ingleholme}}

Category:New South Wales State Heritage Register Category:Turramurra Category:Houses in Sydney Category:Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register Category:Houses completed in 1896 Category:1896 establishments in Australia Category:John Sulman buildings