{{Short description|Soap operas written, produced, and filmed in India, with characters played by Indians}} {{Distinguish|Bollywood}} {{More citations needed|date=April 2025}} {{Use Indian English|date=November 2022}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2026}}
'''Indian television dramas''', also known as '''Indian series''' or '''Indian serials''', are scripted television programmes produced in India and featuring Indian actors. These dramas are broadcast on various Indian television networks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=4 May 2023 |title=Indian TV Serial or Korean Drama: What Does an Indian Viewer Prefer? |url=https://m.sakshipost.com/news/ott/indian-tv-serial-or-korean-drama-what-does-indian-viewer-prefer-186371 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240124033218/https://m.sakshipost.com/news/ott/indian-tv-serial-or-korean-drama-what-does-indian-viewer-prefer-186371 |archive-date=24 January 2024 |website=Sakshipost}}</ref><ref>Pak-Hind Ka Swag, Book 5, "Culture, Technology and Fun", chapter 16, "Soap Opera, Serials and Films".</ref>
India's first television drama, ''Hum Log'' (Hindi), aired from 1984 to 1985 and consisted of 154 episodes.<ref>{{cite news |date=21 August 1985 |title=SOAP OPERAS CAST A SPELL OVER INDIA |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/21/movies/soap-operas-cast-a-spell-over-india.html |work=The New York Times}}</ref> Ekta Kapoor's ''Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi'' (2000–2008) became the first Indian television drama to surpass 1,000 episodes, completing 1,833 episodes and earning a place in the Limca Book of Records.<ref>[https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-times/deep-focus/Saas-bahu-and-The-End/articleshow/3641504.cms Saas Bahu and the End]</ref> The Marathi series ''Char Divas Sasuche'' (2001–2013) reached 3,200 episodes, becoming the first Indian television series to exceed 3,000 episodes, also entering the Limca Book of Records. The Telugu serial ''Abhishekam'' (2008–2022) was the first Indian show to reach 4,000 episodes, concluding on 1 February 2022. The Hindi series ''Yeh Rishta Kya Kehlata Hai'' (2009–present), with over 5,000 episodes as of December, 2025, is India's longest-running Hindi television drama and soap opera, having aired for 16 years and is the first to reach that mark<ref>{{Cite news |last=Shekhar |first=G. C. |date=6 September 2018 |title=More Spellbinding Soap Gathas |url=https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/more-spellbinding-soap-gathas/300602 |access-date=9 September 2019 |work=Outlook}}</ref>
Indian television dramas are produced in most major languages spoken across the country, often blending the regional language with English. These shows are also broadcast in several other regions, including South Asia, the Caribbean, Southeast Asia, Central Asia, Europe, the Middle East, North America, Latin America, and parts of Africa.<ref>{{cite web |first=Geeta |last=Pandey |title=BBC - Culture - Indian soap operas: Family affairs |url=http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/20140502-family-affair-indian-soap-operas |work=BBC Culture |date=21 October 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=20 July 2013 |title=India Marginalized in Myanmar |url=http://www.irrawaddy.org/magazine-guest-column/india-marginalized-in-myanmar.html}}</ref>
By the late 2010s, the popularity of daytime and afternoon dramas had declined, and mainstream channels ceased broadcasting such programmes.<ref>{{cite news |title=Star Dopahar to call it a day, all shows to end on September 30 |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/television/star-dopahar-to-call-it-a-day-all-shows-to-end-on-september-30-tv-news-4834240/ |access-date=19 September 2017 |publisher=The Indian Express}}</ref> However, in 2017, television networks attempted to regain viewership by reintroducing shows in the afternoon and daytime slots. Currently, the major Indian television networks with nationwide prime-time dramas include JioStar, Zee, Sun TV, and ETV.
''Hum Log'' was India's first television drama, airing from 1984 to 1985 with a total of 154 episodes.<ref name="Kohli2006">{{cite book |last=Kohli |first=Vanita |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hllyb6ymMy0C&pg=RA1-PA8-IA1 |title=The Indian Media Business |date=14 June 2006 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=9780761934691 |pages=1– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref> At the time, it was the longest-running serial in Indian television history. The show attracted approximately 60 million viewers, with each episode lasting about 25 minutes, except for the final episode, which was approximately 55 minutes long.<ref name="Gokulsing2004">{{cite book |last=Gokulsing |first=K. Moti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4CAgVZ-lJFIC&pg=PA32 |title=Soft-soaping India: The World of Indian Television Soap Operas |publisher=Trentham Books |year=2004 |isbn=9781858563213 |pages=32– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref>
== Impact ==
Television dramas have had a significant impact on Indian society, influencing issues related to national integration, identity, globalisation,<ref>Gokulsing, K. (2004). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=4CAgVZ-lJFIC Soft-Soaping India: The World of Indian Televised Soap Operas]''. Trentham Books, UK. {{ISBN|1-85856-321-6}}. p. 105.</ref> the status of women, ethics, and social issues in rural areas.<ref>Gokulsing, K. (2004). ''Soft-Soaping India: The World of Indian Televised Soap Operas''. Trentham Books, UK. p. 105.</ref> The first Indian television drama series, ''Hum Log'', was originally conceptualised as a family planning programme but soon evolved into an entertainment-oriented show. Despite this shift, it continued to promote pro-development messages, serving as a model for using television serials as a form of "edutainment"—a concept later adopted in several countries around the world.<ref name="AggarwalGupta2001">{{cite book |last1=Aggarwal |first1=Vir Bala |last2=Gupta |first2=V. S. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sCIf8MM1ZlAC&pg=PA208 |title=Handbook of Journalism and Mass Communication |date=1 January 2001 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=9788170228806 |pages=208– |access-date=1 February 2014}}</ref>
A 2007 study examining the introduction of cable television in rural India found that it led to "significant decreases in the reported acceptability of domestic violence towards women and son preference, as well as increases in women's autonomy and decreases in fertility." The study also presented "suggestive evidence that exposure to cable television increases school enrolment among younger children, possibly due to the increased participation of women in household decision-making."<ref>Jensen, Robert & Oster, Emily (August 2007). ''"[http://www.nber.org/papers/w13305 The Power of TV: Cable Television and Women's Status in India]"''. Quarterly Journal of Economics, MIT Press. Vol. 124(3), pp. 1057–1094.</ref><ref>Munshi, Shoma (2010). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=agw0m5m9oS8C Prime Time Soap Operas on Indian Television]''. Routledge, New Delhi. {{ISBN|978-0-415-55377-3}}. p. 200.</ref>
== Television rating point and rankings ==
Since the 2000s, Indian television serials have relied on television rating points (TRPs)—also referred to as target rating points—as key indicators and benchmarks of a programme's success, used to measure audience interest and viewership.<ref>{{cite web |title=Most watched shows of the week: The latest TRP rankings revealed, "Anupamaa" continued to dominate the top spot |work=The Times of India |date=August 2024 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/most-watched-tv-shows-of-week-anupamaa-maintains-top-spot-kanwar-dhillon-neha-harsoras-udne-ki-aasha-surpasses-ghum-hai-kisikey-pyaar-meiin-and-yeh-rishta/articleshow/112202697.cms}}</ref>
Storylines in many serials are frequently modified based on TRP performance. In some cases, declining TRP levels have resulted in shows being concluded prematurely or ending abruptly.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jeete Hain Jiske Liye taken off air |work=The Times of India |date=16 August 2007 |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/why-smita-bansal-feels-cheated/articleshow/2283206.cms}}</ref>
TRPs are calculated using the total number of people in the target audience as the denominator and the number of people from that audience who watched the programme as the numerator, multiplied by 100. The basic formula for TRP calculation is:
* TRP = (Number of viewers in the sample audience / Total target audience) × 100.{{citation needed|date=February 2025}}
==International reception== === Afghanistan ===
Indian soap operas gained immense popularity in Afghanistan during the 2000s, building upon the long-standing appeal of Bollywood cinema in the region. In 2006, a Reuters report highlighted the broadcast of ''Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi'', dubbed into Dari, which captivated a wide audience across the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian soap opera mesmerises Afghanistan |date=18 May 2006 |url=https://gulfnews.com/world/asia/indian-soap-opera-mesmerises-afghanistan-1.237349}}</ref>
{{blockquote|Men, women, young, and old—anyone with access to a television—became enthralled by the family drama.}}
Reports suggested that, during the years of conflict in Afghanistan, armed militants occasionally paused fighting to watch Indian television dramas.<ref>{{cite web |title=India's influential soft power in Afghanistan: Giving edge over Pakistan |url=https://www.orfonline.org/expert-speak/india-influential-soft-power-afghanistan-giving-edge-over-pakistan/}}</ref>
However, the growing popularity of Indian serials also drew criticism from conservative groups who regarded them as a threat to Afghanistan’s religious and national values. Responding to such concerns, the government of Hamid Karzai ordered television broadcasters to halt the airing of Indian dramas in April 2008. Several broadcasters refused to comply, arguing that the ban contravened the country's media law.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 April 2008 |title=Indian soap operas stir outrage in Afghanistan |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-afghan-tv-idUSISL22857320080417 |newspaper=Reuters}}</ref>
Afghanistan's first domestically produced television drama serial, ''Palwasha'', was created by Aina Afghan Media and began airing on 25 November 2007. Although filmed in Kabul and in Dari, the series was directed by an Indian filmmaker and featured several Indian contributors. The lead role was portrayed by Indian actress Sonal Udeshi.<ref>{{cite web |date=December 2007 |title=Kabul TV airs first Afghan commercial serial made by Indians |url=https://eoi.gov.in/kabul/?pdf0232?000 |work=India Review |format=PDF}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sinha |first1=Neha |date=19 November 2007 |title=Starting this week on Kabul TV: First Afghan serial, made by Indians |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/starting-this-week-on-kabul-tv-first-afghan-serial-made-by-indians/240785/ |website=The Indian Express}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Padukone |first1=Chaitanya |date=19 November 2013 |title=Tales from Kabul |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-tales-from-kabul-1111239 |website=DNA India}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Thompson |first1=Teresa L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9J1AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1380 |title=Encyclopedia of Health Communication |date=18 April 2014 |publisher=SAGE Publications |isbn=9781483346410}}</ref>
=== Brazil ===
''Caminho das Índias'' (''India: A Love Story''),<ref>{{cite news |date=18 August 2006 |title=Meet Maya and Bahuan, the protagonists of Caminho Das Indias (India's Way), a Brazilian television show |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/brazil-s-number-one-tv-show-is-all-indian/story-6Mfx38GPJM4e9dd7mFEddK.html |access-date=19 July 2009 |publisher=Hindustan Times}}</ref> a popular Brazilian television soap opera, was centred on Indian culture and became widely popular in Brazil.<ref>{{cite news |date=18 August 2006 |title=The Indian soap opera that's taken Brazil by storm |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/slide-show/slide-show-1-the-indian-soap-opera-thats-taken-brazil-by-storm/20090624.htm |access-date=25 June 2009 |work=Rediff.com}}</ref>
=== Dubai ===
''Khwaish'', which aired on Sony Entertainment Television and ARY Digital, became a popular show in Dubai in 2007. In 2016, responding to strong audience interest, A-Plus TV dubbed the Hindi romantic drama ''Jeevan Saathi – Humsafar Zindagi Ke'' from Colors TV into Urdu, further enhancing its appeal among viewers.
=== Indonesia ===
Indian television dramas such as ''Uttaran'' and ''Balika Vadhu'' achieved significant success in Indonesia, where they were dubbed in Indonesian and aired multiple times until their conclusions. ''Saath Nibhaana Saathiya'' was also highly popular and was broadcast under the title ''Gopi'', named after the main character. It aired from 15 September 2016 to 19 April 2017 and was rebroadcast from 2021 to 2022, with the Indonesian version comprising around 600 episodes.
Other serials, including ''Yeh Hai Mohabbatein'', ''Ishq Mein Marjawan'', ''Kumkum Bhagya'' (aired in Indonesian as ''Lonceng Cinta''), ''Anupamaa'', ''Imlie'', ''Naagin'', and ''Silsila Badalte Rishton Ka'', also received high TRP ratings in Indonesia. Additionally, serials such as ''Sapne Suhane Ladakpan Ke'', ''Jabb Love Hua'', ''Kumkum Bhagya'', and ''Punar Vivaah'' were broadcast on Zee Hiburan, the 24-hour general entertainment channel of Zee TV in Indonesia, following the success of their original Hindi versions.<ref>{{cite news |date=23 August 2016 |title=Zee Hiburan completes one year in Indonesia |url=https://admin.indiantelevision.com/television/tv-channels/gecs/zee-hiburan-completes-one-year-in-indonesia-160325 |access-date=25 March 2016 |publisher=indiantelevision.com}}</ref>
''Dastaan-E-Mohabbat Salim Anarkali'' was also dubbed in Indonesian and telecast on ANTV.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.popmagz.com/salim-anarkali-antv-tayang-sore-kisah-cinta-anak-jodha-akbar-22577/ |title=Salim Anarkali ANTV aired on Indonesia |publisher=Popmagz |access-date=20 August 2025}}{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref>
=== United Kingdom ===
''Rab Se Sohna Isshq'', a love triangle drama from Zee TV, was set and filmed in London.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/review-serial-review-rab-se-sohna-isshq-1720283 |title=Serial review: 'Rab Se Sohna Isshq' |date=27 July 2012 |website=DNA India}}</ref> It was the first cross-continental show in Indian television history. The series was later dubbed in English as ''Eternal Love'' and broadcast on Zee World and its sister channel Zee TV UK.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bizasialive.com/zee-tv-uk-re-run-classic-shows-in-afternoon-band/ |title=ZEE TV UK re-run classic shows in afternoon band |last=Baddhan |first=Raj |date=25 January 2019 |website=BizAsia – Media, Entertainment, Showbiz, Events and Music |language=en-GB |access-date=8 August 2019}}</ref>
=== Ivory Coast and Senegal ===
''Vaidehi – Ek Aur Agni Pareeksha'' gained notable popularity in Ivory Coast and Senegal. In 2010, responding to strong audience demand, the series was dubbed into Arabic to reach a wider audience.
=== Nepal ===
In the mid-2000s, Indian television dramas such as ''Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi'', ''Kahaani Ghar Ghar Kii'', and ''Kasautii Zindagii Kay'' gained widespread popularity in Nepal, attracting large audiences.<ref>{{cite news |date=17 January 2003 |title=Indian serials drawing big crowds in Nepal |url=https://zeenews.india.com/news/south-asia/indian-serials-drawing-big-crowds-in-nepal_76213.html |publisher=Zee News}}</ref> This surge in popularity encouraged the production of more Nepali serials, including ''Sindur'', ''Maiti'', and ''Ghat Pratighat'', which were developed to cater to the increasing television audience.<ref>{{cite news |date=1 August 2023 |title=After 17 years, Pragya is making teleserial ''Sindoor'' again |url=https://www.newsofglobal.com/details/7444.html |publisher=News of Global}}</ref>
=== Pakistan ===
Indian television dramas have been widely popular in Pakistan, with shows such as ''Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi'' achieving higher viewership than local Pakistani serials. Their popularity is partly attributed to the mutual intelligibility between Urdu and Hindi.<ref>{{cite web |author=Chander Mohan Jindal |title=My Experiences of Lahore and Pakistan Railway |url=http://www.irastimes.org/Experiences_of_Lahore_and_Pakistan_Railway.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121112045945/http://www.irastimes.org/Experiences_of_Lahore_and_Pakistan_Railway.htm |archive-date=12 November 2012 |website=irastimes.org}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=11 November 2010 |title=Pakistani women love India's 'saas-bahu' sagas – The Express Tribune |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/75602/pakistani-women-love-indias-saas-bahu-sagas/ |access-date=13 January 2015 |publisher=Tribune.com.pk}}</ref>
However, the Supreme Court of Pakistan has prohibited the broadcast of Indian films and television shows.<ref>{{cite web |title=Indian TV Channels Banned in Pakistan |url=http://www.defence.pk/forums/current-events-social-issues/70682-indian-tv-channels-banned-pakistan.html |access-date=13 January 2015 |work=Pakistan Defence |archive-date=5 September 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905020629/http://www.defence.pk/forums/current-events-social-issues/70682-indian-tv-channels-banned-pakistan.html |url-status=dead}}</ref> Despite this, the BBC reported that many cable television operators in Pakistan continue to air Indian serials in violation of the ban due to high demand. Indian TV shows constitute nearly 60% of all foreign programmes broadcast in the country.<ref>{{cite news |date=18 August 2006 |title=BBC NEWS - South Asia - Pakistan allows Indian TV shows |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5263530.stm |access-date=13 January 2015 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref>
In June 2006, Pakistani comedian Rauf Lala won the Indian comedy show ''The Great Indian Laughter Challenge'', but Pakistani audiences were unable to watch it due to the broadcasting restrictions.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 June 2006 |title=BBC NEWS - South Asia - Pakistani comic's Indian joy |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/5120838.stm |access-date=13 January 2015 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref> An official commented that "Bollywood and Indian TV drama have invaded our homes".<ref>{{cite news |date=15 June 2005 |title=BBC NEWS - Entertainment - Pakistan confirms Bollywood ban |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/4095232.stm |access-date=13 January 2015 |publisher=BBC News}}</ref>
Indian TV dramas have become so popular in Pakistan that mainstream newspapers, such as the Pakistan Tribune, frequently publish articles on these shows.<ref>{{cite web |date=15 January 2012 |title=10 things I hate about Indian soaps |url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/319826/10-things-i-hate-about-indian-soaps/ |access-date=13 January 2015 |publisher=Tribune.com.pk}}</ref> Many viewers have resorted to satellite connections to access uninterrupted broadcasts of Indian programmes.<ref>{{cite web |author=Rob Crilly in Islamabad |date=3 October 2010 |title=Pakistanis snap up Satellite dishes for Indian soaps |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/pakistan/8040017/Pakistanis-snap-up-Satellite-dishes-for-Indian-soaps.html |access-date=13 January 2015 |work=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref>
Despite historical anti-Indian sentiment and four wars over approximately 50 years, Indian television shows and Bollywood have contributed to a shift in perception, with many Pakistanis viewing India and its people more favourably. Indian tourists visiting Pakistan have noted that locals tend to be particularly friendly when they learn the visitor is from India.<ref>{{cite web |title=Serial Lovers - Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/sunday-toi/special-report/Serial-Lovers/articleshow/10888106.cms |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130403094215/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-11-27/special-report/30446463_1_serials-karachi-pakistanis |archive-date=3 April 2013 |access-date=13 January 2022 |website=The Times of India |date=27 November 2011}}</ref>
On 27 October 2018, the Supreme Court of Pakistan reinstated the ban on Indian content on local television channels. Channels such as Filmazia and Urdu 1 temporarily suspended Indian programming following the ruling.<ref>{{cite news |date=27 October 2018 |title=Pakistan bans Indian TV channels |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-46003662 |access-date=28 October 2018 |work=BBC News |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Baloch |first=Shafi |date=27 October 2018 |title=SC reinstates ban on airing of Indian content on TV channels |url=https://www.dawn.com/news/1441739 |access-date=28 October 2018 |work=DAWN.COM |language=en-US}}</ref>
=== Russia ===
The Indian television serial ''Dishayen'' was dubbed in Russian and gained popularity in Russia in 2005.
=== Sri Lanka ===
The Hindi serials ''Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi'' and ''Kasautii Zindagii Kay'' were dubbed in Sinhala and received a positive response in Sri Lanka. Another popular show, ''Kindurangana'', a remake of the Hindi serial ''Kasamh Se'', also garnered favourable reception among Sri Lankan viewers. Additionally, the serial ''Shanti'', which was popular during the 1990s, was dubbed in Sinhala and broadcast in Sri Lanka.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian TV shows in Indonesia, Turkey, Sri Lanka |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/indonesia-turkeysri-lanka-crazy-about-desi-tv-shows-too/articleshow/52587864.cms |website=Times of India}}</ref>
=== Turkey ===
''Iss Pyaar Ko Kya Naam Doon'' was dubbed in Turkish for broadcast in Turkey.<ref>{{cite news |title=Indian TV shows in Indonesia, Turkey, Sri Lanka |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/tv/news/hindi/indonesia-turkeysri-lanka-crazy-about-desi-tv-shows-too/articleshow/52587864.cms |website=Times of India}}</ref>
=== Africa ===
''Tu Tevha Tashi'', a Marathi daily soap, was dubbed in English as ''Never Too Late for Love'' for African audiences and broadcast on Zee Africa.<ref>{{cite news |title=Marathi TV serial dubbed for African viewers leaves netizens in splits |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/trending/trending-globally/marathi-tv-serial-dubbed-african-viewers-netizens-in-splits-9413575/ |website=Indian Express}}</ref>
=== Other countries ===
The series ''The Iron Handed Phantom – Mayavi'' was dubbed in Mandarin and Korean<ref>{{cite news |title=Mayavi wins Jury Special Award in South Korea for Seoul Drama Award for Excellence in TV drama |url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/award-for-3d-serial/article2253758.ece |access-date=3 October 2007 |website=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mayavi Tamil 3D serial to be dubbed in Mandarin and Korean |url=https://www.domain-b.com/industry/mayavi-tamil-3-d-serial-to-be-dubbed-in-mandarin-and-korean |access-date=7 September 2007 |website=Domain-B}}</ref> and was also broadcast in Europe and Australia.<ref>{{cite news |title=GV Films' Mayavi attracts interest from Asian, European and Australian TV channels |url=https://www.exchange4media.com/media-tv-news/gv-films-3d-tv-serial-mayavi-bags-seoul-drama-award-27640.html |access-date=7 September 2007 |website=Exchange4media}}</ref>
Additionally, several popular Colors TV dramas, including ''Madhubala – Ek Ishq Ek Junoon'', ''Balika Vadhu'', ''Chakravartin Ashoka Samrat'', ''Chandrakanta'', ''Udaan'', ''Naagin'', ''Shakti'', ''Ishq Mein Marjawan'', and ''Bepannah'', were dubbed in Thai to cater to audiences in Thailand and other South Asian markets, including Vietnam.<ref>{{cite news |title=Viacom18 library dubbed in Thai for viewers in Thailand and other key South Asian markets |url=https://www.livemint.com/Consumer/i27z0ARGQDy57l3S0WZ7LN/IndiaCast-partners-with-Thai-company-JKN-Media-for-content-d.html |access-date=12 December 2018 |website=Livemint}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Outpouring of grief in Vietnam for Balika Vadhu |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/india/outpouring-of-grief-in-vietnam-for-balika-vadhu/cid/1488924}}</ref>
==See also== * Tamil television drama * List of longest-running Indian television series
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Television drama series |state=collapsed}}
{{WorldTV}} {{Social issues in India}}
Category:Indian television soap operas Category:Asian drama Category:Indian drama television series Category:Television drama