"Independence Day" redirects here. For other uses, see Independence Day (disambiguation).
For patriotic days not necessarily linked to independence, see National Day.

An Independence Day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state, or after the end of a military occupation, or after a major change in government. Many countries commemorate their independence from a colonial empire.

Not all countries mark independence as a national holiday. Many, such as Australia, Canada, China, Denmark, France,[1] Japan, New Zealand, Ireland, Luxembourg, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Taiwan, and Turkey mark other dates of significance.

List

List of independence days of countries around the world
CountryEvent commemoratedDate of holidayYear of eventIndependence Gained FromNotes
AfghanistanIndependence Day19 August (De jure)1919United KingdomAnglo-Afghan Treaty of 1919 or Treaty of Rawalpindi, an armistice between the United Kingdom and Afghanistan during the Third Anglo-Afghan War.[2]
Liberation Day15 February1989Soviet UnionSoviet withdrawal from Afghanistan.
AlbaniaIndependence Day28 November1912Ottoman EmpireAlbanian Declaration of Independence. During the First Balkan War, risked by separation after war, Ismail Qemali, the first Albanian leader, declared independence in a speech only 5 minutes long. This became the Second November, after the First November, when Skanderbeg raised the Albanian flag in Krujë.
AlgeriaIndependence Day5 July1962FranceAlgeria gained independence following the Algerian War and the Algerian independence referendum. France officially recognized independent Algeria on 3 July, but the Independence Day is celebrated on 5 July, the day of the fall of Algiers in 1830 and the beginning of French Algeria.[3][4]
AngolaIndependence Day11 November1975PortugalThe Alvor Agreement, signed on 15 January 1975, granted Angola independence from Portugal on 11 November, ending the Angolan War of Independence.[5]
Antigua and BarbudaIndependence Day1 November1981United KingdomThe effective date of the Antigua Termination of Association Order passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom in July.[6][7]
ArgentinaIndependence Day9 July1816[8]Spanish EmpireArgentine Declaration of Independence.
ArmeniaRepublic Day (Hanrapetut’yan or)28 May1918[9]Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicDeclaration of Independence of Armenia (1918).
Independence Day21 September1991Soviet Union1991 Armenian independence referendum.
AzerbaijanIndependence Day (Müstəqillik Günü)28 May1918Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicDeclaration of Independence of Azerbaijan.
Day of Restoration of Independence18 October1991[10]Soviet UnionAdoption of the constitutional act "On the State Independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan".[10]
BahamasIndependence Day10 July1973United KingdomEffective date of The Bahamas Independence Order 1973.[11]
BahrainIndependence Day16 December1971United KingdomAscension of Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa to the throne.[12]
BangladeshIndependence and National Day (Sbādhīnôtā Ō Jātīẏô Dibôs)26 March1971PakistanProclamation of Bangladeshi Independence.
Victory Day16 December1971Victory over Pakistan Armed Forces in the Bangladesh Liberation War.
BarbadosIndependence Day30 November1966United KingdomEffective date of the Barbados Independence Act 1966. Also the anniversary of the formal proclamation of Barbados as a Republic in the Commonwealth in 2021.
BelarusIndependence Day (Dzien Niezaliežnasci)3 July1944Nazi GermanyThe liberation of Minsk after several years of German occupation in 1944. Two other independence days – 25 March (proclamation of the Belarusian People's Republic in 1918) and 27 July (independence from the Soviet Union in 1990) – are commemorated unofficially, mainly by the Belarusian diaspora and the anti-Lukashenko opposition.[13]
BelgiumNational Day21 July1831NetherlandsAscension of Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld to the throne.[14]
BelizeIndependence Day21 September1981United KingdomEffective day of the Belize Act 1981.[15]
BeninIndependence Day1 August1960FranceEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July creating the independent Republic of Dahomey.[16]
BoliviaIndependence Day6 August1825SpainBolivian Declaration of Independence.
Bosnia and HerzegovinaIndependence Day1 March1992Yugoslavia1992 Bosnian independence referendum.
BotswanaIndependence Day30 September1966United KingdomEffective date of the Botswana Independence Act 1966.[17]
BrazilIndependence Day (Dia da Independência)7 September1822PortugalDeclaration of independence by Pedro I of Brazil (see Independence of Brazil).[18]
BruneiNational Day (Hari Kemerdekaan or Hari Kebangsaan)23 February1984United KingdomBrunei gained full independence effective 1 January 1984 under the Treaty of Friendship and Co-operation of 7 January 1979 between United Kingdom and Brunei.[19] However, the celebrations of the first National Day were delayed until 23 February and that day continues to be celebrated since.[20]
BulgariaLiberation Day3 March1878Ottoman EmpireTreaty of San Stefano which created the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria.[21]
Independence Day22 September1908[22]Bulgarian Declaration of Independence.[22]
Burkina FasoProclamation of Independence Day11 December1958FranceEffective date when French Upper Volta became an autonomous republic in the French Community.
Independence Day5 August1960[23]Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July and creation of the independent Republic of Upper Volta.[16]
BurundiIndependence Day1 July1962BelgiumEffective date of the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1746 terminating the Ruanda-Urundi Trusteeship.[24][25]
CambodiaIndependence Day (Bony Ekreachychate)9 November1953FranceCeremony transferring military from French to Cambodian officials based on a military hand-over agreement reached on 17 October 1953.[26][27]
CameroonNational Day20 May1972
France		Cameroon gained independence on 1 January 1960, but does not celebrate that date. Instead, it celebrates the National Day on 20 May commemorating the 1972 Cameroonian constitutional referendum.[28]
CanadaCanada Day1 July1867United KingdomCanada Day on 1 July commemorates the establishment of the Dominion of Canada in 1867.[29]
Cape VerdeIndependence Day5 July1975PortugalEffective date of the Agreement Between Portugal and Partido Africano para a Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde (PAIGC) signed on 18 December 1974.[30]
Central African RepublicNational Day1 December1958FranceEffective date when Central African Republic became an autonomous republic of the French Community.[31]
Independence Day13 August1960[32]Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 12 July.[16]
ChadRepublic Day28 November1958[33]Effective date when Chad became an autonomous republic in the French Community.[34]
Independence Day11 August1960Effective date of the agreement with France signed on 12 July.[16]
ChileIndependence Day (part of Fiestas Patrias)18 September1810Spanish EmpireEstablishment of the Government Junta of Chile.[35] The following day, 19 September, is celebrated as the Army Day.[36] The two holidays collectively are known as Fiestas Patrias.[37]
ColombiaIndependence Day20 July1810Spanish EmpireColombian Declaration of Independence.
ComorosIndependence Day6 July1975FranceUnilateral declaration of independence by the Chamber of Deputies of Comoros following the 1974 Comorian independence referendum.[38]
Democratic Republic of the CongoIndependence Day30 June1960BelgiumEffective date of the Treaty of Friendship, Assistance and Co-operation between Belgium and the Congo concluded on 29 June 1960.[39]
Republic of the CongoRepublic Day28 November1958[40]FranceEffective date when Congo became an autonomous republic in the French Community.[40]
Independence Day15 August1960Congo gains full independence from France.[41]
Costa RicaIndependence Day15 September1821Spanish EmpireAct of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
CroatiaNational Day30 May[42]1990[43]YugoslaviaFirst session of the Croatian Parliament following the 1990 Croatian parliamentary election.[43] 8 October (when the parliament adopted a decision to sever constitutional relations with Yugoslavia in 1991) and 25 June (when the parliament voted for independence in 1991) were also celebrated as independence days. After the 2019 changes to the law on public holidays, 8 October is the Parliament Day and 25 June is the Independence Day, but they are memorial days and not public holidays.[42]
CubaIndependence Day[44]10 October1868[45]Spanish EmpireCall to rebellion (known as Grito de Yara) by sugar planter Carlos Manuel de Cespedes that led to the Ten Years' War for independence.[46]
10 December1898Spain cedes Cuba to the United States as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1898, which marked the end of the Spanish–American War.
20 May1902United StatesIndependence of Cuba from the United States. However, Cuba remained under direct U.S. influence until 1934 as a result of the Platt Amendment.
CyprusIndependence Day1 October1960United KingdomEffective date of the London-Zürich Agreements was 16 August 1960, but the public holiday was moved to 1 October to avoid summer heat and tourist season.[47]
Czech RepublicIndependence Day28 October1918Austria-HungaryIndependence declaration by the Czechoslovak National Council.[48] Official day of independence of the Czech Republic
Restoration Day1 January1993[49]CzechoslovakiaEffective date of the Peaceful Dissolution of Czechoslovakia into Czech Republic and Slovakia.[50] Establishment of the first Czech state since the Jagiellonian Kingdom of Bohemia.
DjiboutiIndependence Day27 June1977FranceIndependence from France following a successful independence referendum held in May 1977.[51]
DominicaIndependence Day3 November1978United KingdomIndependence from the United Kingdom following the creation of the Dominican constitution.[52]
Dominican RepublicIndependence Day1 December1821Spanish EmpireIndependence from Spain in December 1821.[53]
27 February1844Republic of Haiti (1820–1849)Independence re-declared from Haiti in 1844, after a 22-year occupation. Start of the Dominican War of Independence.
Restoration Day16 August1863Spanish EmpireDay of Grito del Capotillo on 16 August 1863. Independence officially restored from Spain on 11 July 1865, after victory in the Dominican Restoration War.
EcuadorIndependence Day10 August1809Spanish EmpireProclaimed independence on 10 August 1809, but failed with the execution of all the conspirators of the movement on 2 August 1810.
EgyptRevolution Day23 July1952The Egyptian Revolution of 1952 abolished the Kingdom of Egypt, ended British influence in the country, and established an independent republic.[54]
El SalvadorIndependence Day15 September1821Spanish EmpireAct of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
Equatorial GuineaIndependence Day12 October1968SpainIndependence from Spain following the country's only free and fair election to date in September 1968.[55]
EritreaIndependence Day24 May1991EthiopiaEritrean War of Independence.
EstoniaIndependence Day (Iseseisvuspäev)24 February1918Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
German Empire		Estonian Declaration of Independence.
Day of Restoration of Independence[56]20 August1991Soviet Union[56]Estonian Restoration of Independence.
EswatiniIndependence Day (Somhlolo Day)6 September1968United KingdomCommemorates independence.[57] Also called Somhlolo Day or Subhuza Day, after the 19th-century leader Sobhuza I.[58]
FijiFiji Day10 October1970United KingdomInstruments of Independence
FinlandIndependence Day (Itsenäisyyspäivä)6 December1917Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicFinnish Declaration of Independence
GabonIndependence Day16–17 August1960FranceEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 15 July.[16]
The GambiaIndependence Day18 February1965United KingdomEffective date of the Gambia Independence Act 1964.
GeorgiaIndependence Day (Damouk'ideblobis dghe)26 May1918Russian Soviet Federative Socialist RepublicDay of the proclamation of the Democratic Republic of Georgia in 1918.
National Unity Day9 April1991Soviet UnionCommemoration of both the April 9 tragedy 1989 (also known as Tbilisi Massacre, Tbilisi tragedy) when on Rustaveli Avenue, in Tbilisi an anti-Soviet demonstration was dispersed by the Soviet Army, resulting in 20 deaths and hundreds of injuries, as well as the declaration of independence by Zviad Gamsakhurdia following an independence referendum in March 1991.[59]
GermanyGerman Unity Day3 October1990West Germany
East Germany		It commemorates German reunification in 1990 when the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) and the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) were unified.
GhanaIndependence Day6 March1957United KingdomOn Wednesday, 6 March 1957, when Kwame Nkrumah, the inaugural Prime Minister of Ghana, declared to the people of Ghana about their freedom, he added that, "the African People are capable of managing their own affairs and Ghana our beloved country is free forever." Ghana was the first country in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve its independence from European colonial rule.[60][61]
GreeceIndependence Day25 March1821Ottoman EmpireDeclaration of independence 1821. Start of the Greek War of Independence.
GrenadaIndependence Day7 February1974United KingdomAccession of Sir Eric Gairy as the inaugural Prime Minister of Grenada.[62]
GuatemalaIndependence Day15 September1821Spanish EmpireAct of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
GuineaIndependence Day2 October1958FranceWithdrawal of French authority after the collapse of the Fourth Republic and establishment of the Fifth Republic that led to an overwhelming vote for independence in a referendum in September 1958.[63]
Guinea-BissauIndependence Day24 September1973PortugalDeclaration of independence in September 1973 during the country's war of liberation, although it wouldn't be formally recognized by Portugal until a year later on 10 September 1974.[64][65]
GuyanaIndependence Day26 May1966United KingdomThe Guyana Independence Act came into effect.[66]
HaitiIndependence Day1 January1804French First Republic
Spain		Haitian Declaration of Independence.
HondurasIndependence Day15 September1821Spanish EmpireAct of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
IcelandNational Day17 June1944DenmarkEffective date of the dissolution of the Danish–Icelandic Act of Union following the 1944 Icelandic constitutional referendum.[67]
IndiaIndependence Day (Swatantrata Diwas)15 August1947United KingdomEffective date of the Indian Independence Act 1947.[a]
IndonesiaIndependence Day (Hari Kemerdekaan)17 August1945Empire of Japan
Dutch Empire		Proclamation of Indonesian Independence.
IraqIndependence Day3 October1932United KingdomIraq joined the League of Nations after gaining formal independence.[68]
IsraelIndependence Day (Yom Ha'atzmaut)Iyar 5 (On or between 15 April and 15 May, depending on the Hebrew calendar).1948United Kingdom
British Mandate for Palestine		Israeli Declaration of Independence on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708 in the Hebrew calendar). Yom Ha'atzmaut is celebrated on the Tuesday, Wednesday or Thursday nearest to 5 Iyar, so it occurs between 3 and 6 Iyar each year; this means that the holiday can fall any time between and including 15 April and 15 May, according to the Gregorian calendar.
ItalyAnniversary of the Unification17 March1861Austrian Empire

The political and social movement that on 17 March 1861 ended in the annexation of various states of the Italian peninsula and its outlying isles to the Kingdom of Sardinia, resulting in the creation of the Kingdom of Italy.

It celebrates the birth of Italy as a modern nation state, which took place following the proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy on 17 March 1861. However, the complete unification of Italy took place only in the following years.

Ivory CoastIndependence Day7 August1960FranceEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July.[16]
JamaicaIndependence Day6 August1962United KingdomIndependence of Jamaica.
JordanIndependence Day25 May1946United Kingdom
Emirate of Transjordan
Mandate for Palestine		Ascension of Abdullah I of Jordan to the throne.[67]
KazakhstanIndependence Day16 December1991Soviet UnionThe Supreme Soviet of Kazakhstan passed the Constitutional Independence Law of Republic of Kazakhstan, and was the last country to declare independence from the Soviet Union.
KenyaMadaraka Day1 June1963United KingdomKenya attained internal self rule after being a British colony since 1920.[69]
Jamhuri Day12 December1963Jomo Kenyatta was inaugurated as the first President of Kenya.[70]
KiribatiNational Day[citation needed]12 July1979United KingdomKiribati gained its independence from the United Kingdom, becoming a sovereign state in 1979.
North KoreaNational Liberation Day of Korea (Chogukhaebangŭi nal)15 August1945Empire of JapanLiberation from the Empire of Japan in 1945. See Japanese Occupation of Korea. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea was founded in 1948.
South KoreaMarch 1st Movement (Samiljeol)1 March1919Korean Declaration of Independence in 1919. This day is celebrated as Samiljeol, or Independence Proclamation Day.
National Liberation Day of Korea (Gwangbokjeol)15 August1945Liberation from the Empire of Japan in 1945. See Japanese Occupation of Korea. The Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea was founded in 1919.
KosovoIndependence Day17 February2008Serbia17 February is celebrated as Independence Day in Kosovo, commemorating the declaration of independence from Serbia in 2008, marking a significant milestone in the nation's history.
KuwaitNational Day25 February1961United KingdomIndependence actually occurred on 19 June 1961, but celebrate on 25 February each year to honor Sheikh Abdullah Al-Salim, who is credited with ending the treaties with Britain and instigating democratic life in Kuwait.
KyrgyzstanIndependence Day31 August1991Soviet UnionThe Supreme Council of Kyrgyzstan adopted a law on the "Declaration on State Independence of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan".[71]
LatviaProclamation Day of the Republic of Latvia (Proklamēšanas diena)18 November1918Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
German Empire		Proclamation of independence on 18 November 1918. Latvia was part of Russian Empire prior to World War I, but its territory had been ceded to German Empire in March 1918.
Day of Restoration of Independence4 May1990Soviet UnionOn the Restoration of Independence of the Republic of Latvia.
LebanonIndependence Day22 November1943Vichy FranceDomestic and international pressure forced France to release the Lebanese prisoners from Rashaya Citadel.[72]
LesothoIndependence Day4 October1966Name of the country changed from Basutoland to Lesotho.[73]
LiberiaIndependence Day26 July1847American Colonization SocietyLiberian Declaration of Independence.
LibyaIndependence Day24 December1951
Italy
France		Independence from Italy on 10 February 1947, released from British and French on 24 December 1951.
LiechtensteinNational Day15 August1866German ConfederationSeparation of the country from the German Confederation following the Austro-Prussian War.[74]
LithuaniaStatehood Restoration Day (Valstybės atkūrimo diena)16 February1918Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
German Empire		Act of Independence of Lithuania.
Day of Restoration of Independence11 March1990Soviet UnionAct of the Re-Establishment of the State of Lithuania.
MadagascarIndependence Day26 June1960FranceSeparation of the autonomous Malagasy Republic from the French Community.[75]
MalawiIndependence Day6 July1964Name of the country changed from Nyasaland to Malawi.[76]
MalaysiaIndependence Day/National Day (Hari Kemerdekaan or Hari Kebangsaan)31 August1957Malayan Declaration of Independence.
Malaysia Day (Hari Malaysia)16 September1965Proclamation of Malaysia
MaldivesNational Day1st of Rabi' al-Awwal, 3rd month of Islamic calendar1573PortugalTermination of Portuguese rule in the archipelago following the uprising of Mohamed Thakurufaanu in 1573.[77]
Independence Day26 July1965United KingdomIndependence agreement formalized in Ceylon, signed by Prime Minister Ibrahim Nasir and High Commissioner Sir Michael Walker.[78]
MaliIndependence Day22 September1960FranceDissolution of the Mali Federation following secession of Senegal led to the independence of the Sudanese Republic as the Republic of Mali.[79]
MaltaIndependence Day21 September1964Malta Independence Act.[80]
Marshall IslandsConstitution Day1 May1979United StatesConstitution of the Marshall Islands enacted in force.[81]
MauritaniaIndependence Day28 November1960FranceEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 19 October.[16]
MauritiusIndependence Day12 March1968Constitution of Mauritius enacted in force.[82]
MexicoIndependence Day (Día de la independencia)
Cry of Dolores (Grito de Dolores)		16 September1810Spanish EmpireStart of the Mexican War of Independence.
MicronesiaIndependence Day3 November1986United StatesEffective date of the Compact of Free Association.
MoldovaIndependence Day (Ziua Independenței)27 August1991Soviet UnionMoldovan Declaration of Independence.
MongoliaIndependence Day29 December[83]1911Qing dynasty[84][85]Independence declared in 1911 during the Xinhai Revolution. However, Mongolian independence was neither recognized by Qing China nor its successor state, the Republic of China. The newly established Bogd Khanate of Mongolia led by the Bogd Khan lasted for 8 years until it was occupied by the Republic of China in 1919, to regain independence not long after.The Imperial Edict of the Abdication of the Qing Emperor issued in 1912 provided the legal basis for the Republic of China to inherit all Qing territories, including Mongolia.[86][87][88] The Republic of China later established de facto control over Mongolia in 1919. Mongolia subsequently re-asserted its independence in 1921. During the years of socialism, the value of this historically important day was ignored, but the law of the State Greate Khural of the Republic of Mongolia on 16 August 2007, made 29 December a public holiday, and later enshrined it into law on 23 December 2011, making it a public holiday, the Day of the Restoration of National Freedom and Independence.
MontenegroStatehood Day13 July1878Ottoman EmpireCommemorates the day in 1878 on which the Berlin Congress recognized Montenegro as an independent state, as well as also the 1941 uprising against Italian occupation.
Independence Day21 May2006Serbia and Montenegro2006 Montenegrin independence referendum.
MoroccoProclamation of Independence Day11 January1944France
Spain		Proclamation of Independence.
Independence Day18 November1955Return of Mohammed V of Morocco from exile.
MozambiqueIndependence Day
(Dia da Independência Nacional)		25 June1975PortugalIn September 1964 the Mozambique Liberation Front (FRELIMO) began an armed guerilla campaign against the Portuguese. FRELIMO took control of Maputo in April 1974 in a coup. Independence for Mozambique was officially declared a year later on 25 June 1975.[89]
MyanmarIndependence Day (Lwatlautrayynae)4 January1948United KingdomBurmese Declaration of Independence.
NamibiaIndependence Day21 March1990South AfricaThe New York Accords signed in December 1988 guaranteed Namibian independence two years later.[90]
NauruIndependence Day31 January1968Australia
New Zealand
United Kingdom		Effective date of the Nauru Independence Act 1967. Also marks the date of the return of the Nauruans from Truk island after the Japanese occupation of Nauru during World War II.[91]
NicaraguaIndependence Day15 September1821SpainAct of Independence of Central America.[citation needed]
NigerIndependence Day3 August1960FranceEffective date of the agreement with France signed on 11 July.[16]
NigeriaIndependence Day1 October1960United KingdomNigeria Independence Act 1960.[92]
North MacedoniaRepublic Day2 August1903Ottoman EmpireRepublic Day: Recognition of the establishment of the short-lived Kruševo Republic during the Ilinden Uprising.
Independence Day (Den na nezavisnosta)8 September1991Yugoslavia1991 Macedonian independence referendum.[93]
NorwayConstitution Day17 May1814DenmarkNational Day: Independence and the Constitution of Norway (17 May 1814).
Independence Day7 June1905SwedenUnion Dissolution and Independence Day (7 June 1905).
PakistanIndependence Day (Youm-e-Azadi)14 August1947United KingdomEffective date of the Indian Independence Act 1947;[b][94] see also: Pakistan Day (23 March).
PalauIndependence Day1 October1994United States9 July 1980 is Palau's Constitution Day usually commemorated with formal events. Independence Day celebrations are more elaborate and last several days.
PanamaIndependence Day28 November1821Spanish EmpireIndependence Act of Panama
Separation Day3 November1903ColombiaPanama was member of Gran Colombia until 1903. The 1903 separation from Colombia is celebrated as an official holiday day on 3 November.
Papua New GuineaIndependence Day16 September1975AustraliaEffective date of the Papua New Guinea Independence Act 1975[95]
ParaguayIndependence Day14 and 15 May1811Spanish Empire[96]Revolution of May 14.[97]
PeruIndependence Day28 July1821Spanish EmpirePeruvian independence proclaimed by General José de San Martín.[98]
PhilippinesIndependence Day (Araw ng Kalayaan or Araw ng Kasarinlan)12 June1898Philippine Declaration of Independence by Emilio Aguinaldo during the Philippine Revolution against Spain. The Philippines achieved self-rule from the United States on 4 July 1946, and celebrated 4 July as Independence Day until 1964.[99]
Republic Day4 July1946United StatesTreaty of Manila.[100]
PolandIndependence Day (Święto Niepodległości)11 November1918Russian Republic
Austria-Hungary
German Empire		Restoration of Poland's independence in 1918 after 123 years of partitions by Russia, Prussia, and Austria.
PortugalRestoration of Independence1 December1640Spanish EmpirePortugal was officially an autonomous state, but the country was in a personal union with the Spanish crown from 1580 to 1640 – date of the restoration of full Portuguese autonomy from Iberian Union with Spain.[101]
QatarNational Day18 December1878Ottoman EmpireOn 18 December 1878, Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani succeeded his father, Mohammed bin Thani as ruler of the Qatari Peninsula. He was deemed to have unified all the local tribes by combating external forces, such as the British. He also earned a considerable degree of autonomy for the tribes of the peninsula.[102][103]
RomaniaNational Independence Day
(Ziua Independenței Naționale)		10 May1877Ottoman EmpireRomania's declaration of its independence and subsequent victory in the Romanian War of Independence, part of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, against the Ottoman Empire.[104]
Great Union Day
(Ziua Unirii Mare)		1 December1918Kingdom of Romania
Bukovina (Austria-Hungary)
Transylvania (Austria-Hungary)
Bessarabia (Russian Empire)		Unification of Romania on 1 December 1918
RwandaIndependence Day1 July1962BelgiumEffective date of the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 1746 terminating the Rwanda-Urundi Trusteeship.[24][25]
Saint Kitts and NevisIndependence Day19 September1983United KingdomAssociation with the United Kingdom fully terminated.[105]
Saint LuciaIndependence Day22 February1979Association with the United Kingdom fully terminated.[106]
Saint Vincent and the GrenadinesIndependence Day27 October1979Association with the United Kingdom fully terminated.[107]
SamoaIndependence Day1 June1962New ZealandNamed Western Samoa until 1997, it was the first Polynesian nation to be recognized as a sovereign state in the 20th century.[108]
São Tomé and PríncipeIndependence Day12 July1975PortugalEffective date of the agreement with Portugal reached on 26 November 1974.[109][110]
SenegalIndependence Day4 April1960FranceTransfer of power agreement signed between the Mali Federation and France.[111]
SerbiaStatehood Day15 February1804 and 1835Ottoman EmpireOutbreak of the First Serbian Uprising in 1804, which evolved into a Serbian Revolution; the adoption of the first modern constitution in 1835.
SeychellesIndependence Day29 June1976United KingdomSir James R. Mancham became the country's first President, with France-Albert René as Prime Minister.[112]
Sierra LeoneIndependence Day27 April1961On 20 April 1960, Milton Margai led a 24-member Sierra Leonean delegation at constitutional conferences that were held with the Government of Queen Elizabeth II and British Colonial Secretary Iain Macleod in negotiations for independence held in London. On the conclusion of talks in London on 4 May 1960, the United Kingdom agreed to grant Sierra Leone independence on 27 April 1961.[113][114]
SingaporeNational Day (Hari Kebangsaan)9 August1965MalaysiaProclamation of Singapore.
SlovakiaIndependence Day28 October1918Austria-HungaryIndependence declaration by the Czechoslovak National Council.[115]
Independence Day17 July1992CzechoslovakiaDeclaration of Independence in 1992 (only a remembrance day), de jure independence came on 1 January 1993, after the division of Czechoslovakia (public holiday).
Restoration Day1 January1993CzechoslovakiaEffective date of the Dissolution of Czechoslovakia into Czech Republic and Slovakia.[50] Establishment of the first Slovak state since the First Slovak Republic.
SloveniaStatehood Day25 June1991YugoslaviaDate of Slovenia's declaration of independence from Yugoslavia in 1991.
Independence and Unity Day26 December1990YugoslaviaDate of the release of the official results of the independence plebiscite in 1990, confirming secession from Yugoslavia.
Solomon IslandsIndependence Day7 July1978United KingdomSolomon Islands Act 1978.[116]
SomaliaIndependence Day26 June1960United Kingdom
Italy		British Somaliland gained independence from the United Kingdom, although Italian Somaliland wouldn't do so from Italy until five days later.[117]
Republic Day1 July1960The former Italian and British Somalilands unified as the Somali Republic on 1 July 1960.[118]
Sri LankaIndependence Day (Jātika Dinaya)4 February1948United KingdomCelebrates to commemorate the country's political independence from British rule in 1948.[119] Event celebrated annually.
SudanIndependence Day1 January1956
Egypt		A polling process was carried out resulting in the composition of a democratic parliament and Ismail al-Azhari was elected first Prime Minister and led the first modern Sudanese government. On 1 January 1956, in a special ceremony held at the People's Palace, the Egyptian and British flags were lowered and the new Sudanese flag, composed of green, blue and yellow stripes, was raised in their place by the prime minister Ismail al-Azhari.[120]
South SudanIndependence Day9 July2011SudanThe 2011 South Sudanese independence referendum resulted in an overwhelming 98.3% vote in favor of independence, with well over 60% turnout. The predetermined date for the creation of an independent state was 9 July 2011.[121][122]
SurinameIndependence Day (Srefidensi)25 November1975Dutch EmpireUnder the left-wing pro-independence Den Uyl cabinet Suriname gained independence, albeit with substantial Dutch foreign aid.[123]
SwitzerlandNational Day1 August1291Holy Roman EmpireAlliance against the Holy Roman Empire in 1291.
SwedenNational Day6 June1523Kalmar UnionCelebrates the election of King Gustav Vasa in 1523 and the new constitutions in 1809 and 1974. The election of King Gustav Vasa was the de facto end of the Kalmar Union.[124]
SyriaIndependence Day17 April1946Provisional Government of the French RepublicEnd of the French Mandate of Syria in 1946.
TajikistanIndependence Day9 September1991Soviet UnionOn 9 September 1991, at the session Supreme Soviet, a Resolution and Declaration "On State Independence of the Republic of Tajikistan" was adopted, being formally signed by acting president Qadriddin Aslonov.[125][126]
TanzaniaIndependence Day9 December1961United KingdomIndependence as Tanganyika.
Timor-LesteProclamation of Independence Day28 November1975PortugalEast Timor Unilateral Declaration of Independence from the Portuguese rule in 1975.
Day of Restoration of Independence20 May2002IndonesiaTimorese independence from Indonesian and United Nations administration in 2002.
TogoIndependence Day27 April1960FranceOn 13 October 1958 the French government announced that full independence would be granted. On 14 November 1958 the United Nations’ General Assembly took note of the French government's declaration according to which Togo which was under French administration would gain independence in 1960, thus marking an end to the trusteeship period. On 5 December 1959 the United Nations’ General Assembly resolved that the UN Trusteeship Agreement with France for Cameroon would end when Togo became independent on 27 April 1960.[127][128][129]
Liberation Day13 January1963A military coup on 13 January 1963 led to the assassination of President Sylvanus Olympio by a group of soldiers under the direction of Sergeant Gnassingbé Eyadéma.[130]
TongaEmancipation Day4 June1970United KingdomTermination of protectorate status in 1970.
Trinidad and TobagoIndependence Day31 August1962Effective date of the Trinidad and Tobago Independence Act 1962.
TunisiaIndependence Day20 March1956FranceTermination of the Treaty of Bardo and signing of the Franco-Tunisian protocol led to the relinquishment of French authority over the country.[131]
TurkmenistanIndependence Day27 September1991Soviet Union[132]Saparmurat Niyazov was elected as the inaugural President of Turkmenistan.[133]
TuvaluIndependence Day1 October1978United KingdomToaripi Lauti became the inaugural Tuvaluan prime minister.[134]
UgandaIndependence Day9 October1962United KingdomInitially a Commonwealth realm, the country would become a republic one year later.[135]
UkraineIndependence Day24 August1991Soviet UnionDeclaration of Independence of Ukraine
Day of Unity (Den Sobornosti)22 January1919Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Austria-Hungary		Unification of Ukraine on 22 January 1919.[136]
United Arab EmiratesNational Day2 December1971United KingdomMerger of six emirates in the Persian Gulf (Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Sharjah, and Umm Al Quwain) into a federal union.[137]
United StatesIndependence Day or Fourth of July4 July1776Kingdom of Great BritainUnited States Declaration of Independence
UruguayIndependence Day25 August1825Empire of BrazilDeclaration of independence and union with the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata
UzbekistanIndependence Day1 September1991Soviet UnionIndependence was declared in the same month as the failed coup attempt in Moscow.[138]
VanuatuIndependence Day30 July1980United Kingdom
France		Name of the country changed from the New Hebrides to Vanuatu.[139]
Vatican CityLateran Treaty Day11 February1929Kingdom of ItalyLateran Treaty establishing Vatican City as an independent state
VenezuelaIndependence Day5 July1811Spanish EmpireVenezuelan Declaration of Independence.
VietnamNational Day (Ngày Quốc Khánh)2 September1945Empire of Japan
France		Proclamation of Independence of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.
YemenIndependence Day30 November1967United KingdomDeclaration of Independence of the South Yemen
ZambiaIndependence Day24 October1964United KingdomEffective date of the Zambia Independence Act 1964.
ZimbabweIndependence Day18 April1980United KingdomGranting of independence by the United Kingdom in 1980

See also

References

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Notes

  1. ^ Independence was at midnight on the 14/15 August, Pakistan chose to celebrate independence on the 14th September and India on the 10th September.
  2. ^ Independence was at midnight on the 14/15 August, Pakistan chose to celebrate independence on the 14th and India on the 15th.