{{Use Hiberno-English|date=December 2019}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2019}} {{Infobox islands | name = Inchagoill | image_name = A Landing Beach on Inchagoill - geograph.org.uk - 827841.jpg | image_caption = Landing point | native_name = Inis an Ghaill Crabhthigh | native_name_link = | nickname = | location = Lough Corrib | archipelago = | area_km2 = 0.3268 | area_footnotes =<ref>From 6-inch OS map, which gives an area of 80 acres, 3 roods, 1 perch.</ref> | map = Ireland | map_alt = | map_width = | map_caption = | map_relief = yes | label = | label_position = | coordinates = {{coord|53.486|N|9.317|W|display=inline,title}} | length_km = | length_footnotes = | width_km = | width_footnotes = | coastline_km = | highest_mount = | elevation_m = 24 | elevation_footnotes = | country = Ireland | country_admin_divisions_title = Province | country_admin_divisions = Connacht | country_admin_divisions_title_1 = County | country_admin_divisions_1 = Galway | country_admin_divisions_title_2 = Barony | country_admin_divisions_2 = Ross | country_capital_city = | country_largest_city = | country_largest_city_population = | country_leader_title = | country_leader_name = | population = 0 | population_as_of = | density_km2 = | ethnic_groups = | additional_info = }} {{Infobox historic site | name = Inchagoill | native_name = Inis an Ghaill Crabhthigh | native_language = ga | built = 6th–12th century AD | architecture = Romanesque | governing_body = | owner = State | designation1 = Irish National Monument | designation1_offname = Inchagoill Early Medieval Ecclesiastical Site | designation1_date = | designation1_number = 412
}} '''Inchagoill''' is an island in Lough Corrib, Ireland. Its Christian ruins constitute an Irish National Monument. The island name means "Island of the devout foreigner."<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5xEcBQAAQBAJ&q=Inchagoill&pg=PA293|title=Ancient Ireland: A Study in the Lessons of Archaeology and History|first=R. A. S.|last=Macalister|date=24 October 2014|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-60259-0|via=Google Books}}</ref>
==Location==
Inchagoill is an island of {{Convert|32.68|ha|abbr=on}} located in the northwest part of Lough Corrib. It lies halfway between Oughterard and Cong. Burr Island ({{Convert|1.18|ha|abbr=on}}) lies immediately to the north.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EJMfeHBtuVAC&q=Inchagoill&pg=PA228|title=Ireland|first1=Andy|last1=Halpin|first2=Conor|last2=Newman|date=26 October 2006|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-151317-6|via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b81QAAAAYAAJ&q=Inchagoill&pg=RA2-PA32|title=Explanation to Accompany Sheets 1-|date=10 December 1871|publisher=H.M. Stationery Office|via=Google Books}}</ref>
==Ruins and monuments== ===St. Patrick's Church=== thumb|Templepatrick
Also called Templepatrick (''Teampall Phádraig''), its construction was traditionally attributed to Saint Patrick and his nephew Lugnad, who is credited with bringing him to Ireland by boat; it is more likely to date to the 6th or 7th century AD.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oughterardheritage.org/content/topics/inchagoill-lough-corribs-largest-island|title=Inchagoill, Lough Corrib's Largest Island|publisher=}}</ref>
===Lugnad's stone=== thumb|The stone This stone, of Silurian grit and shaped like a rudder, bears the inscription ''Lia Lugnaedon Macc Limenueh'' ("Stone of Lugnad son of Limenueh", the latter being Patrick's sister Liamain; there are many variant readings). It is the oldest inscription in Ireland in the Latin alphabet (all earlier inscriptions are in Ogham).<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.megalithicireland.com/Inchagoill%20Island.htm| title = Inchagoill Inscribed Pillar Stone}} </ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZGRiAAAAMAAJ&q=Inchagoill|title=Ogam Stones and the Earliest Irish Christians|first=Catherine|last=Swift|date=10 December 1997|publisher=Department of Old and Middle Irish, St. Patrick's College|isbn=978-0-901519-98-6|via=Google Books}}</ref> The pillar is known as 'Lugnaedon Pillar', a piece of Silurian grit stone, about two feet high with an incised cross on the north side, and two such crosses on each of the other sides. The stone bears an inscription "Lie Lugnaedon Macc Li Menueh", translated, it means "The stone of Lugnaedon, son of Limenueh", the sister of St. Patrick.<ref>{{cite book |last=Meehan |first=Cary |date=2004 |title=Sacred Ireland |url= |location=Somerset |publisher=Gothic Image Publications |page=615|isbn=0 906362 43 1 |access-date=}}</ref> The pillar dates back to the 6th century. This pillar is the remains of a pre-Christian era Ogham stone, and was sanctified with crosses after it was purged of its pagan inscription, by the founder of the church.
===Templenaneeve=== [[File:Chapel on Inchagoill, Lough Corrib - geograph.org.uk - 29848.jpg|thumb|Templenaneeve, with sandstone doorway visible]] In Irish ''Teampall na Naoimh'', "church of the saints."
A flagged path of {{Convert|72|m|yd|abbr=on}} in length connects the two churches. Templenaneeve is Hiberno-Romanesque church with a 12th-century decorated arched doorway; its sculpted heads are similar to those at Annaghdown Abbey.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PggIclfQfx0C&q=Inchagoill&pg=PA126|title=From Ireland Coming: Irish Art from the Early Christian to the Late Gothic Period and Its European Context|first=Colum|last=Hourihane|date=10 December 2017|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-08825-9|via=Google Books}}</ref> The incised slab is 8th century, and there are three bullauns as well. The chancel is semi-circular and undecorated.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oughterardtourism.com/inchagoillisland.htm|title=Inchagoill Island - Oughterard Tourism|last=SiteCaddy|website=www.oughterardtourism.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://loveconnemara.com/item/inchagoill-island/|title=Inchagoill Island - Love Connemara|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gKoMAQAAMAAJ&q=Inchagoill|title=History of Mayo|first=J. F.|last=Quinn|date=1 January 1996|publisher=Brendan Quinn|isbn=978-0-9519280-2-8|via=Google Books}}</ref>
===Graveyard=== The graveyard is also ancient; buried there is Muirgheas O'Nioc (Muirgius ua Nioc; died 1128), coarb of Tuam.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://celt.ucc.ie/published/T100005B/text023.html|title=Part 23 of Annals of the Four Masters|website=celt.ucc.ie}}</ref> (He is often incorrectly described as Archbishop of Tuam, but that title didn't exist until 1152.)<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.academia.edu/6842520|title=The establishment of Tuam as an archdiocesan capital in the twelfth century|first=Griffin|last=Murray|journal=Glimpses of Tuam Through the Centuries: Proceedings of a Seminar 28th September 2013 (Ed. A. Tierney)}}</ref> Other important families in the region also used the graveyard: Kinnaveys, Conways, Sullivans, Murphys, Lyddans, Butlers.
===Other sites=== A holy well (Tobernaneeve), two cross-inscribed pillars and five cross slabs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://issuu.com/clifden2012/docs/guide_to_lough_corribs_early_monastic_sites|title=A Guide to Lough Corrib's Early Monastic Sites|publisher=}}</ref>
==Today== An annual Mass is celebrated on the island, and local cruise companies offer tourist expeditions to the island.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.corribcruises.com/daily-sailings/history-cruise-from-ashford-castle-3-2-2/|title=Oughterard – Inchagoill – Cong Return|newspaper=Corrib Cruises|date=2 March 2017|publisher=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tripadvisor.ie/ShowUserReviews-g663560-d1746953-r279995999-Corrib_Cruises-Cong_County_Mayo_Western_Ireland.html|title=Highly recommended visit to historic Inchagoill Island. - Review of Corrib Cruises, Cong, Ireland - TripAdvisor|website=www.tripadvisor.ie}}</ref>
Coillte have extensively afforested the island.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QH4qAQAAMAAJ&q=Inchagoill|title=Irish Forestry|date=10 December 1997|publisher=|via=Google Books}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
Category:Religion in County Galway Category:Archaeological sites in County Galway Category:National monuments in County Galway Category:Islands of County Galway Category:Lake islands of Ireland