University of Tokyo

{{Short description|Public research university in Japan}} {{Redirect|Todai|the restaurant chain|Todai (restaurant)}} {{Use British English|date=February 2025}} {{Use mdy dates|date=May 2023}} {{Infobox university | name = University of Tokyo | native_name = {{native name|ja|paren=no|東京大学}} | former_name = Imperial University <br> Tokyo Imperial University | other_name = UTokyo | image = 2024 Yasuda Auditorium - Tokyo University.jpg | logo = University of Tokyo logo (2024).svg | image_size = 240px | caption = Yasuda Auditorium | established = {{start date and age|1877|04|12|p=yes}} | type = Public research university | president = Teruo Fujii | free_label = Acceptance rate | free = | address = 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo | city = Bunkyō | prefecture = Tokyo | country = Japan | postcode = 113-8654 | coordinates = {{coord|35|42|48|N|139|45|44|E|region:JP_type:edu_source:dewiki|display=inline}} | faculty = 6,311 (3,937 full-time / 2,374 part-time) (2022)<ref name="Academic Staff">{{cite web|url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/overview/b02_03.html|website=東京大学|date=1 May 2022|title=教職員数（令和4年5月1日現在） - 常勤教員（教授～助手の計）|access-date=6 October 2021|archive-date=6 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006072717/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/overview/b02_03.html|url-status=live}}{{in lang|ja}}</ref> | total_staff = 11,487 | students = 28,133 (2022)<ref>Details on the number of students {{cite web|url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/students/edu-data/e08_02_01.html|title=学生数の詳細について - 在籍者|website=u-tokyo.ac.jp|access-date=19 August 2022|archive-date=5 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210605112828/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/students/edu-data/e08_02_01.html|url-status=live}}{{in lang|ja}}</ref><br />excluding research students and auditors | undergrad = 13,962 (2022)<ref>The number of regular students, research students and auditors [https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400189197.pdf 令和4年5月1日現在学部学生・研究生・聴講生数調 - 在籍者] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220903015746/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400189197.pdf |date=2022-09-03 }}{{in lang|ja}}</ref> | postgrad = 14,171 (2022)<ref>The number of graduate students, research students and international research students [https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400189595.pdf 令和4年5月1日現在大学院学生・研究生・外国人研究生数調 - 在籍者] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220721094837/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400189595.pdf |date=2022-07-21 }}{{in lang|ja}}</ref><br/>including professional degree courses | other = | campus = Urban (Hongo, Komaba)<br/>Suburban (Kashiwa) | language = {{hlist|Japanese|English (for certain courses)}} | colours = {{Color box|#0B8BEE|border=silver}} Tansei (UTokyo Blue)<ref>[https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400234907.pdf UTokyo Visual Identity Guidelines]</ref> | academic_affiliations = {{hlist|IARU|AEARU|AGS|BESETOHA|AALAU}} | budget = ¥280 billion (US$2.54 billion) (2021)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400157741.pdf |website=東京大学|date=11 March 2021|title=令和3年度予算|access-date=9 December 2023}}{{in lang|ja}}</ref> | website = {{URL|https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/|u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/}} }} The '''University of Tokyo''' ({{Langx|ja|東京大学|translit=Tōkyō daigaku|label=none}}, abbreviated as {{nihongo||東大|'''Tōdai'''}} in Japanese and '''UTokyo''' in English<ref>{{Cite web |last=futi |date=2014-06-20 |title=Our New Name, Friends of UTokyo, Inc. (FUTI) is Now Official |url=https://www.friendsofutokyo.org/our-new-name-friends-of-utokyo-inc-futi-is-now-official/ |access-date=2024-04-09 |website=Friends of UTokyo, Inc. |language=en-US}}</ref>) is a public research university in Bunkyō, Tokyo, Japan. Founded in 1877 as the nation's first modern university by the merger of several pre-westernisation era institutions, its direct precursors include the ''Tenmongata'', founded in 1684, and the Shōheizaka Institute.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |title=沿革略図 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/history/b03_02.html |access-date=2024-03-06 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>

The university consists of 10 faculties, 15 graduate schools, and 11 affiliated research institutes.<ref name="u-tokyo_institutes_centers2">{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/institutes_centers.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> As of 2023, it has 13,974 undergraduate students and 14,258 graduate students.<ref name="u-tokyo_institutes_centers2" /> The majority of the university's educational and research facilities are concentrated within its three main Tokyo campuses: Hongō, Komaba, and Kashiwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/access.html |access-date=2023-11-06 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> Additionally, UTokyo operates several smaller campuses in the Greater Tokyo Area and over 60 facilities across Japan and globally.<ref>{{Cite web |title=海外拠点リスト |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/intl-activities/overseas-offices/list_of_overseas_offices.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=全国施設分布図 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/campus-guide/national.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> UTokyo's land holdings amount to 326 square kilometres (approximately 80,586 acres or 32,600 hectares), placing it amongst the largest landowners in the country.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=施設等所在地 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/campus-guide/list.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=今年は「国際森林年」主要32社の社有林所有・利用状況 |url=https://www.dai3.co.jp/_old_hp/rbayakyu/23th/times/news21.htm |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=www.dai3.co.jp}}note: Although not mentioned in this list, which ranks only governmental bodies and companies, UTokyo would be ranked 6th in the country, just after Sumitomo Forestry.</ref>

As of 2025, UTokyo's alumni and faculty include 17 prime ministers of Japan, 20 Nobel Prize laureates, seven astronauts, and a Fields Medalist.<ref name=":18" /> Additionally, UTokyo alumni have founded some of Japan's largest companies, such as Toyota<ref name=":72" /> and Hitachi.<ref name=":82" /> UTokyo alumni also held chief executive positions in approximately a quarter of the Nikkei 225 companies in 2014,<ref name=":19" /> a fifth of the total seats in the National Diet in 2023,<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":5" /> two-thirds of the prefectural governorships in 2023,<ref name=":12" /> and two-thirds of the justiceships at the Supreme Court of Japan in 2024.<ref name=":9" />

== History == === Origins === [[File:Hokusai, Fuji at Torigoe.jpg|left|thumb|250x250px|Asakusa Observatory of the Tenmongata by Hokusai]] The University of Tokyo traces its roots to three independent institutes founded during the Edo period (1603–1868).<ref name=":14" /> The oldest, a Shogun-funded Confucian school called {{Nihongo|Senseiden|先聖殿}}, was founded in 1630 by Razan Hayashi in Ueno.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/whyutokyo/1km_of_campus.html |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> This school was renamed the {{Nihongo|Shoheizaka Institute|昌平坂学問所|Shoheizaka Gakumonjo}} and came to be operated directly by the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1791 as part of the ''Kansei Reforms''. The ''Tenmongata'', founded in 1684, was the astronomical research and education arm of the Shogunate.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Calendar History 2 |url=https://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/history/calendar.html |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www.ndl.go.jp}}</ref> It evolved into the {{Nihongo|Kaisei School|開成学校}}, a school for Western learnings, after the Meiji Restoration. The Kanda Otamagaike Vaccination Centre, established in 1858,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/hospitals.html |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> evolved into a school of Western medicine called {{Nihongo|Tokyo Medical School|東京医学校|Tokyo Igakkō}}. Although plans to establish the country's first university had been in place just after the Meiji Restoration, it was not until around 1875 that it was decided to form the university by merging these schools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=二東京大学の創設：文部科学省 |url=https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/html/others/detail/1317599.htm |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=www.mext.go.jp}}</ref>

=== Founding and early days === [[File:PSM V64 D470 Imperial university of tokyo.png|thumb|UTokyo's Akamon (Red Gate), built in 1827, as seen {{Circa|1903}}]] The University of Tokyo was chartered on April 12, 1877, by the Meiji government. Corresponding to the fields covered by the predecessor schools, it started with four faculties: Law, Science, Letters, and Medicine. The Imperial College of Engineering later merged into the university as the Faculty of Engineering. In 1886, the university was renamed Imperial University, and it adopted the name Tokyo Imperial University in 1897 after the founding of another imperial university.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/chronology.html |access-date=2023-11-06 |website=The University of Tokyo, About UTokyo, Chronology |language=en}}</ref> By 1888, all faculties had completed their relocation to the former site of the Tokyo residence of the Maeda family in Hongo. Among the few extant structures predating this relocation is a gate called Akamon, which has since become a widely recognised symbol of the university.

In the early Meiji period, the government looked to different countries for different disciplines, drawing especially on British, French, German, and American traditions.<ref>{{Cite web |title=四海外留学生と雇外国人教師：文部科学省 |url=https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/html/others/detail/1317601.htm |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=www.mext.go.jp}}</ref> Following this policy, UTokyo and its predecessor institutions sent their graduates to universities in these respective countries and also invited lecturers from those countries. By the 1880s, however, the government had grown concerned about the political ideas associated with foreign models of higher learning, and Minister of Education Takato Oki instructed the university to reduce the use of English as a language of instruction and to adopt Japanese instead.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |first=Masao |last=Terasaki |title=プロムナード東京大学史, Short History of the University of Tokyo |publisher=Tōkyō Daigaku Shuppankai |year=1992 |isbn=4-13-003302-6|location=Tōkyō |pages=161 |language=ja}}</ref> This shift coincided with the return of UTokyo alumni who had completed their education in Europe, and these returnees began filling roles that had been predominantly held by foreign scholars.<ref name=":1" />

=== Interwar period === [[File:Emperor Shōwa arrival at the University of Tokyo.png|thumb|Emperor Hirohito opening a new campus (now known as the Phase II portion of the Komaba Campus) for the Institute of Aeronautics in 1930]] The first half of the Interwar period in Japan was characterised by the spread of liberal ideas, collectively known as Taishō Democracy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=吉野作造｜大正デモクラシー｜民主主義｜選挙普通 (Sakuzo Yoshino, Taisho Democracy, Minpon shugi, Universal suffrage) |url=https://www.yoshinosakuzou.info/blank-22 |access-date=2024-11-09 |website=home |language=ja}}</ref> This movement was ushered in by the concept of ''Minpon Shugi'' by Sakuzō Yoshino, as well as Tatsukichi Minobe's interpretation of sovereignty as inherent to the state rather than the monarchy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=日本放送協会 |title=文字と画像で見る {{!}} 歴史総合 |url=https://www.nhk.or.jp/kokokoza/rekishisougou/contents/resume/resume_0000000527.html |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=高校講座 |language=ja}}</ref> Both were alumni and professors at the Faculty of Law. As such ideas were came to be accepted widely, prime minister Takaaki Katō, an alumnus of UTokyo, extended suffrage to all males aged 25 and over in 1925, as promised in his manifesto.<ref>{{Cite web |title=3-13 男子普通選挙法の成立と治安維持法 {{!}} 史料にみる日本の近代 |url=https://www.ndl.go.jp/modern/cha3/description13.html |access-date=2024-11-10 |website=www.ndl.go.jp |language=ja}}</ref> This liberal tendency was also shared among students, exemplified by the labour movement organisation the UTokyo Association of New People (東大新人会, {{Interlanguage link|Tōdai Shinjin-kai|ja|新人会}}) and the UTokyo Settlement (東大セツルメント, {{Interlanguage link|Tōdai Settlement|ja|学生セツルメント}}).<ref>{{Cite journal |last=中筋 |first=直哉 |date=1998 |title=磯村都市社会学の揺籃 |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpasurban1983/1998/16/1998_16_29/_article/-char/ja/ |journal=日本都市社会学会年報 |volume=1998 |issue=16 |pages=29–47 |doi=10.5637/jpasurban1983.1998.29|url-access=subscription |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Henry |title=Japan's First Student Radicals |publisher=Harvard University Press |year=1972 |isbn=9780674471856 |language=en}}</ref> However, strong reactions against these liberal and socialist ideas also emerged at the university, notably from Shinkichi Uesugi, who mentored and greatly influenced three future prime ministers among his students at UTokyo: Nobusuke Kishi,<ref name=":16">{{Cite book |last=Fukuda |first=Kazuya |title=悪と徳と岸信介と未完の日本 |publisher=扶桑社 |isbn=9784594073152 |publication-date=October 2015 |language=ja}}</ref> Eisaku Satō,<ref name=":16" /> and Takeo Fukuda.<ref>{{Cite book |last=大下英治 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S3drEAAAQBAJ&dq=%E4%B8%8A%E6%9D%89%E6%85%8E%E5%90%89%E3%80%80%E7%A6%8F%E7%94%B0%E8%B5%B3%E5%A4%AB&pg=PT17 |script-title=ja:清和会秘録 |title=Seiwakai hiroku |date=2015-10-15 |publisher=イースト・プレス |isbn=978-4-7816-5058-6 |language=ja}}</ref>

==== Great Kanto Earthquake ==== thumb|The University of Tokyo suffered immense damage in the Great Earthquake of 1923. On September 1, 1923, the Great Kanto Earthquake struck the Kanto Plain, inflicting immense damage upon the university. This damage included the complete destruction of almost all of its main buildings, including the library, as well as the loss of scientific and historical materials.<ref>Earthquake disaster and reconstruction, The University of Tokyo 100-year history {{cite book |url=https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/53865/files/02_hyakunenshi_tsushi02.pdf#page459 |access-date=2021-05-29 |format=pdf |page=385 |editor=東京大学百年史編集委員会 |publisher=東京大学 |volume=II |date=March 1985 |title=東大百年史通史 |archive-date=2021-06-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210606073831/https://repository.dl.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/record/53865/files/02_hyakunenshi_tsushi02.pdf#page459 |url-status=live }} {{in lang|ja}}</ref><ref name="lostmemoryunesco">[http://www.unesco.org/webworld/mdm/administ/pdf/LOSTMEMO.PDF Lost Memory – Libraries and Archives Destroyed in the Twentieth Century] ( {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120905105742/http://www.unesco.org/webworld/mdm/administ/pdf/LOSTMEMO.PDF|date=September 5, 2012}})</ref> This led to a university-wide debate as to whether it should relocate to a larger site, such as Yoyogi, but ultimately, such plans were rejected. Instead, the university purchased additional land in its vicinity, which was still owned by the Maeda family, and expanded there. [[File:University of Tokyo circa 1953.jpg|thumb|Most of the buildings on the Hongo Campus today were built during the reconstruction period in a style known as Uchida Gothic, including Yasuda Auditorium and the General Library.]] The reconstruction of the university and its library was discussed at the fourth General Assembly of the League of Nations in September 1923, where it was decided to provide support.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-15 |title=Libraries and disasters, libraries and wars |url=https://letterpresslabo.com/2019/12/15/kulpcws-column37/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=活版印刷研究所 |language=ja}}</ref> John D. Rockefeller Jr. donated $2 million, and in the United Kingdom formed a committee led by Arthur Balfour to assist the rebuilding effort.<ref>{{Cite web |title=記念特別展示会－世界から贈られた図書を受け継いで－ |url=https://www.lib.u-tokyo.ac.jp/html/tenjikai/tenjikai2007/preface.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=www.lib.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref> Many of the buildings on the Hongo Campus today were built during this reconstruction period in the style known as Uchida Gothic, after the architect Yoshikazu Uchida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=内田祥三・丹下健三と建築学の戦中・戦後 |url=https://ocw.u-tokyo.ac.jp/lecture_1249/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |language=ja}}</ref>

The earthquake also led to the expansion of its seismology studies. The university already had a long tradition of seismological research, to which its alumnus and professor Fusakichi Omori had made important contributions.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Davison |first=C. |date=January 1924 |title=Prof. Fusakichi Omori |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/113133a0 |journal=Nature |language=en |volume=113 |issue=2830 |pages=133 |doi=10.1038/113133a0 |bibcode=1924Natur.113..133D |issn=1476-4687|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The university set up an independent seismology department in November 1923,<ref>{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://www.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/overview/history.html |access-date=2024-02-16 |website=SCHOOL OF SCIENCE THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO |language=en}}</ref> which was followed by the establishment of the Earthquake Research Institute in 1925.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Greeting from the Director – Earthquake Research Institute, the University of Tokyo |url=https://www.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/overview/greeting-from-the-director/ |access-date=2024-02-16 |language=ja}}</ref>

=== World War II === [[File:東京帝国大学第二工学部本部事務室.png|thumb|UTokyo's Second Faculty of Engineering was established in 1942 to meet the growing demand for engineers during the Second World War. It evolved into the Institute of Industrial Science after the war.]] In 1941, the Empire of Japan attacked the American bases at Pearl Harbor and entered World War II. By late 1943, as Japan faced defeats in the Pacific theatre, a decision was made to enlist university students in the humanities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=昭和18年（1943）10月｜学徒出陣が始まる：日本のあゆみ |url=https://www.archives.go.jp/ayumi/kobetsu/s18_1943_01.html |access-date=2026-01-13 |website=www.archives.go.jp}}</ref> During the war, 1,652 students and alumni of UTokyo were killed, including those from varied civilian professions such as doctors, engineers, and diplomats, as well as those killed in action.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=谷本 |first=宗生 |date=31 March 2014 |title=「学生とともに考える学徒出陣 70 周年—記憶と継承」—（東京大学附属図書館・東京大学史史料室共催）を終えて、一緒に考えてみたこと— |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400005683.pdf |journal=東京大学資料室ニュース |issue=52}}</ref> They are commemorated in a memorial erected near the front gate of the Hongo Campus. Most students studying engineering and science remained at university or worked as apprentice engineers, as the knowledge of science and technology was deemed indispensable for the war effort. The buildings and facilities of UTokyo were largely immune from air raids, allowing education and research activities to continue.<ref>{{Cite web |title=東京帝国大学営繕工事記録写真帳 |url=https://umdb.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp/DAnnex/photobook/home.php |access-date=2024-02-09 |website=umdb.um.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>

The increased demand brought about by the war for engineers led to the establishment of the Second Faculty of Engineering ({{lang|ja|第二工学部}}) at UTokyo in 1942. At the newly built Chiba Campus, around 800 students were enrolled at a time, and military engineering research was conducted there. It was closed in 1951, and as a successor organisation, the Institute of Industrial Science was established on the site of the former headquarters of the Third Infantry Regiment in Roppongi.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hirasawa |first=Hideo |date=2012 |title=第二工学部の思い出 |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/seisankenkyu/64/3/64_399/_pdf |journal=生産研究 |volume=64 |issue=3 |pages=399 |via=JSTAGE}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=沿革・歴代研究科長 |url=https://www.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp/soe/about/history |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=東京大学工学部 |language=ja}}</ref>

During the war, the Imperial Army attempted to use the university's facilities several times. In 1945, plans were made to relocate the university to Sendai and use the Hongo Campus as a fortress for the anticipated Allied landing, but President Yoshikazu Uchida dissuaded the army. In September 1945, Uchida and Shigeru Nambara, Dean of the Faculty of Law, prevented the campus from becoming the Allied Headquarters.<ref>{{Cite web |title=東京大学が接収を免れた経緯について（二）内田祥三 No. 661（昭和30年10月） {{!}} 一般社団法人学士会北大・東北大・東大・名大・京大・阪大・九大卒業生のためのアカデミック・コミュニティー・クラブ |url=https://www.gakushikai.or.jp/magazine/article/archives/archives_661/ |access-date=2024-04-28 |website=www.gakushikai.or.jp |language=ja}}</ref> Nambara succeeded Uchida as president in December 1945.

=== Post-war period === [[File:Nambara Shigeru.JPG|thumb|246x246px|Shigeru Nambara, the first post-war president of the university (1945–1951)]]In 1947, following Japan's defeat in the Second World War, the university dropped the word 'Imperial' from its name and reverted to the University of Tokyo. During the occupation period, Japan's education system was reformed, and under President Shigeru Nambara the university was reorganised under the new post-war system. Nambara was also appointed chairman of the Education Reform Committee and oversaw changes at other educational institutions nationwide.<ref name=":17">{{Cite journal |last=Imada |first=Akiko |date=March 2015 |title=President Shigeru Nambara's Initiative during the Founding of the University of Tokyo under the New Educational System: A Focus on Educational Reform |url=https://ump.p.u-tokyo.ac.jp/resource/06-%E4%BB%8A%E7%94%B0%EF%BC%88%E7%AC%AC%EF%BC%95%E5%8F%B7%EF%BC%89.pdf |journal=大学経営政策研究 |issue=5 |pages=85}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=（5）The Education Reform Committee：文部科学省 |url=https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/html/others/detail/1317421.htm |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=www.mext.go.jp}}</ref>

In 1949, as part of the reforms, UTokyo merged with two Higher Schools, which were university preparatory boarding schools. It thereby became a four-year university instead of the pre-war three-year one. One of the higher schools that merged with UTokyo, the First Higher School, became the College of Arts and Sciences on the Komaba campus.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |title=第一高等学校ホームページ |url=http://museum.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ICHIKOH/home.html |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=museum.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref> At the request of SCAP, the Department of Education was separated from the Faculty of Letters to form the Faculty of Education.<ref name=":17" /> It was also during this period that UTokyo first admitted its female students. The first nineteen female students were matriculated in April 1946.<ref>{{Cite web |title=初めての東大女子入学生は19名 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/kyodo-sankaku/ja/activities/model-program/library/UTW_History/Page03.html |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=東京大学男女共同参画室 |language=ja}}</ref>

==== University of Tokyo Struggles ==== {{See also|1968–1969 Japanese university protests}}The 1960s saw an intensification of student protests across the world, including the Anti-Vietnam War protests and the May 68 protest in France. In Japan, the 1960 Anpo protests marked an early stage of this unrest, during which the death of UTokyo student Michiko Kamba drew nationwide attention.<ref>{{Cite web |last=L |first=Aaron |date=2010-04-26 |title=“Tenno-empire” and the Struggle Against Established Power in Japan – One Historian's Engagement |url=https://apjjf.org/matsuzawa-tessei/3346/article |access-date=2026-03-13 |website=Asia-Pacific Journal: Japan Focus |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 1968, the {{Nihongo|University of Tokyo Struggles|東大紛争|Tōdai Funsō}} began with medical students demanding improvements in internship conditions, under which they worked long unpaid hours before qualifying as doctors.<ref name=":20" /> The conflict intensified with the indefinite strike decision by the students in January 1968 and escalated further following a clash between the students and faculty. Tensions peaked when radicalised students, most of whom were members of the Zenkyōtō (the All-Campus Joint Struggle Committees), occupied Yasuda Auditorium. After the resignation of university executives, Ichiro Kato was appointed interim president and opened negotiations with the occupying students.<ref name=":20" /> The conflict largely ended in January 1969 after a full-scale police operation to remove the occupying students. This operation involved more than 8,500 riot police officers confronting students who fought back with Molotov cocktails and marble stones taken from the auditorium's interior.<ref name=":20">{{Cite web |title=9章東大紛争-ビジュアル年表(戦後70年)：朝日新聞デジタル |url=http://www.asahi.com/special/sengo/visual/page41.html |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=www.asahi.com}}</ref> Prime Minister Eisaku Sato, who was an alumnus of UTokyo himself, visited the site the day after the students were removed, and decided to cancel that year's admission process.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-27 |title=東大入試中止、そのとき受験生は——コロナ禍を超える1969年大学入試の混乱 |url=https://dot.asahi.com/articles/-/85694 |access-date=2023-12-09 |website=AERA dot. (アエラドット) |language=ja}}</ref> The aftermath saw 633 prosecutions, and varied sentences.<ref>{{Cite web |title=テレビで生中継された重大事件簿「東大安田講堂事件」／ホームメイト |url=https://www.homemate-research-tv-station.com/useful/12382_facil_085/ |access-date=2024-04-10 |website=www.homemate-research-tv-station.com}}</ref>

=== 21st century === ==== Women's education ==== The university first admitted female students in 1946. While the student body has remained predominantly male, various attempts have been made to achieve a more equal gender ratio. In 2023, women made up 23 per cent of first-year undergraduates, the highest percentage in the university's history.<ref>{{Cite web |last=日本放送協会 |date=2023-04-12 |title=東京大学で入学式女子学生の割合過去最高の23％ {{!}} NHK |url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20230412/k10014036201000.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230412043513/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/html/20230412/k10014036201000.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=April 12, 2023 |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=NHKニュース}}</ref> A quarter of graduate students were female in 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=東大でお待ちしております～誰もが活躍できるキャンパスを目指して、松木則夫男女共同参画室長より～ |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/kyodo-sankaku/ja/campus-voice/s0902_00002.html |access-date=2024-02-09 |website=東京大学男女共同参画室 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=データ集 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/kyodo-sankaku/ja/about/publicity/index_00002.html |access-date=2024-02-09 |website=東京大学男女共同参画室 |language=ja}}</ref>

==== Reforms in the 21st century ==== [[File:Hyper-Kamiokande scheme.png|thumb|186x186px|UTokyo's Kamiokande project detected cosmic neutrinos for the first time in human history and later proved neutrinos have mass, resulting in Nobel Prizes in 2003 and 2015.]]

Questions of international standing and competitiveness were a recurring concern in national higher-education policy and in the university's own strategic planning throughout the 2010s.<ref>{{cite web |title=National University Reform Plan |url=https://www.mext.go.jp/en/news/topics/detail/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2014/03/13/1345139_1.pdf |website=Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |publisher=Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |date=2013-11-26 |access-date=2026-03-13}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{cite web |title=Selection for the FY 2014 Top Global University Project |url=https://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/houdou/26/09/__icsFiles/afieldfile/2014/10/07/1352218_02.pdf |website=Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |publisher=Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |date=2014-09-01 |access-date=2026-03-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Action Scenario: The University of Tokyo, 2010: Announcement of Action Scenario: FOREST 2015 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400018952.pdf |website=The University of Tokyo |publisher=The University of Tokyo |year=2010 |access-date=2026-03-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=UTokyo Compass: Into a Sea of Diversity: Creating the Future through Dialogue |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/utokyo-compass.html |website=The University of Tokyo |publisher=The University of Tokyo |date=2024-05-31 |access-date=2026-03-13}}</ref> One widely cited indicator was the university's position in international rankings:<ref name=":21" /> when the ''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' were first published in partnership with Quacquarelli Symonds in 2004, UTokyo was ranked 12th in the world, whereas in the 2024 ''Times Higher Education'' rankings it was ranked 29th.<ref>{{cite web |title=World University Rankings 2004 |url=https://prophe.org/cache/0723021_WorldUniversityRanking2004_ModifiedFromTHES.pdf |website=Program for Research on Private Higher Education |publisher=State University of New York at Albany |access-date=2026-03-13}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=World University Rankings 2024 |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/2024/world-ranking |website=Times Higher Education |publisher=Times Higher Education |access-date=2026-03-13}}</ref>

In response, UTokyo has implemented a series of reforms. In 2004, the University of Tokyo Edge Capital Partners (UTEC) was established to support entrepreneurship arising from university research.<ref>{{Cite web |title=UTEC-The University of Tokyo Edge Capital Partners Co., Ltd. |url=https://www.ut-ec.co.jp/english/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=UTEC-The University of Tokyo Edge Capital Partners Co., Ltd.}}</ref> In 2006, the first phase of development was completed at Kashiwa Campus. Located in the suburb of Kashiwa, this research-focused campus spans 405,313 square metres (100 acres) and has a focus on advanced scientific research.<ref>{{Cite web |title=柏キャンパス – 柏キャンパス |url=https://www.kashiwa.u-tokyo.ac.jp/about_kashiwa_campus/kashiwa_campus/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |language=ja}}</ref> In addition, UTokyo expanded autumn matriculation opportunities for international students and adopted other measures to strengthen its international competitiveness and research environment.<ref>{{Cite web |last=東京大学広報室 |date=2010-10-25 |title=「特集：■平成22年度秋季学位記授与式・卒業式■平成22年度秋季入学式」（PDF）|url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400004878.pdf |access-date=November 3, 2023 |website=『学内広報』第1404号}}</ref>

== Organisation == [[File:Teruo Fujii 20220727.jpg|thumb|241x241px|Teruo Fujii, the 31st president of the University of Tokyo]] The University of Tokyo operates under a centralised administrative structure, with key policies set by the administrative council, which is chaired by the president.<ref>{{Cite web |title=組織構成 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/overview/b02_01.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> However, due to the university's historical development as a merger of various institutions, each of the constituent colleges, faculties, and research institutes maintains its own administrative board. Today, the University of Tokyo is organised into 10 faculties<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/faculties.html|title=The University of Tokyo|website=The University of Tokyo|access-date=15 November 2018|archive-date=16 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001359/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/faculties.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and 15 graduate schools.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/graduate_schools.html|title=The University of Tokyo|website=The University of Tokyo|access-date=15 November 2018|archive-date=16 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116001406/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/graduate_schools.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

The leader of the University of Tokyo is known as the {{Nihongo|president|総長|sōchō}} and it is a substantive leadership role. The president is elected by the university's board council from among the faculty members for a term of six years. The current president is Teruo Fujii, a scholar in applied microfluidics, who assumed the role in April 2021 and is expected to serve until March 2027.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Prof. Teruo Fujii {{!}} |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/adm/jiepp/en/symposium/speaker/2021_speaker01.html |access-date=2023-12-16 |website=www.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>

=== Faculties and graduate schools === The University of Tokyo's academic structure consists of 10 faculties and their affiliated graduate schools. This organisational structure was introduced as a result of reforms in the 1990s.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2000 |title=特集大学院を重点とする大学 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400005325.pdf |journal=東京大学広報誌淡青 |issue=2 |pages=9}}</ref> {| class="wikitable" |+ !Faculty !Founded !Locations !Affiliated graduate schools !Colour |- |Law |1872 |Hongo |Graduate Schools for Law and Politics |{{color sample|green}} Green |- |Medicine |1868 |Hongo, Shirokane |Graduate School of Medicine |{{color sample|red}} Red |- |Engineering |1871 |Hongo, Kashiwa, Komaba II, Asano |Graduate School of Engineering, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology |{{color sample|white}} White |- |Letters |1868 |Hongo |Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology |None |- |Science |1877 |Hongo, Komaba (maths) |Graduate School of Science, Graduate School of Mathematical Sciences |{{color sample|#C5591A}} Benikaba |- |Agriculture |1886 |Hongo (Yayoi) |Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences |{{color sample|#6F00FF}} Indigo |- |Economics |1919 |Hongo |Graduate School of Economics |{{color sample|blue}} Blue |- |Arts and Sciences |1886 |Komaba |Graduate School of Arts and Sciences |{{color sample|black}}{{color sample|yellow}} Black and Yellow |- |Education |1949 |Hongo, Nakano |Graduate School of Education |{{color sample|#FFB74C}} Orange |- |Pharmaceutical Sciences |1958 |Hongo |Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences |{{color sample|#B3424A}} Enji |} In addition to the graduate schools affiliated with specific faculties, the University of Tokyo also includes two independent graduate institutions: the Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies and the Graduate School of Public Policy (GraSPP).

In 2025, UTokyo announced a plan to launch a five-year programme called the College of Design, starting in the autumn of 2027. This would be the first faculty to be established in nearly 70 years, since the founding of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 1958.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-04-04 |title=東京大学が70年ぶり新学部文理融合、半数が留学生 |url=https://dot.asahi.com/articles/-/85694 |access-date=2025-04-09 |website=日本経済新聞 (Nikkei) |language=ja}}</ref>

=== Research institutes === [[File:University of Tokyo - Historiographical Institute.jpg|thumb|The Historiographical Institute at Hongo]] Apart from the faculties and graduate schools, the University of Tokyo hosts eleven {{Nihongo|affiliated research institutes|附置研究所}}. Simultaneously, they function as educational institutions for the graduate schools.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/institutes_centers.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=附置研究所 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/schools-orgs/centers/institutes.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=大学案内・選抜要項・募集要項 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/undergraduate/e01_06_01.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>

* {{Nihongo|Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute|大気海洋研究所}} * Earthquake Research Institute * Historiographical Institute * Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia (formerly known as Institute of Oriental Culture, {{lang|ja|東洋文化研究所}}) * Institute for Cosmic Ray Research * {{Nihongo|Institute for Solid State Physics|物性研究所}} * {{Nihongo|Institute of Industrial Science|生産技術研究所}} * Institute of Medical Science * {{Nihongo|Institute for Quantitative Biosciences|定量生命科学研究所}} * {{Nihongo|Institute of Social Science|社会科学研究所}} * {{Nihongo|Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology|先端科学技術研究センター}}

==== UTokyo Institutes For Advanced Study (UTIAS) ==== UTokyo Institutes For Advanced Study (UTIAS) started in January 2011. There are four UTIAS institutes as of November 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/todias.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref>

* Tokyo College * Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe * International Research Center for Neurointelligence (IRCN) * The University of TOkyo Pandemic preparedness, Infection and Advanced research center (UTOPIA)

=== University of Tokyo library system === {{Main|University of Tokyo Library}}

thumb|One of the reading rooms, General Library (Hongo) The University of Tokyo Library System consists of three comprehensive libraries located on the main campuses—Hongo, Komaba, and Kashiwa—along with 27 other field-specific libraries operated by various faculties and research institutes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/libraries.html |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> As of 2024, the University of Tokyo library has a collection of over 10 million books and numerous materials of historical importance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=統計表 |url=https://www.lib.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/library/contents/about/statistic |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=東京大学附属図書館 |language=ja}}</ref> This collection ranks it as the second-largest library in Japan, surpassed only by the National Diet Library, which holds a collection of approximately 46.8 million books.<ref>{{Cite web |title=統計｜国立国会図書館—National Diet Library |url=https://www.ndl.go.jp/jp/aboutus/outline/numerically.html |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=www.ndl.go.jp}}</ref> It also subscribes to about 170,000 journals.

The headquarters of the library is situated in the General Library at Hongo, which underwent thorough renovation in the late 2010s. It now features a 46-metre-deep automated underground storage capable of housing approximately 3 million books.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-11-07 |title=地下46mに300万冊納める東大の新図書館 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXMZO23144170W7A101C1000000/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=日本経済新聞 |language=ja}}</ref>

=== University of Tokyo Hospital === {{Main|University of Tokyo Hospital}}

thumb|Outpatient Clinic Building of the hospital The University of Tokyo Hospital is an academic health science centre operated by the Faculty of Medicine. The hospital finds its roots in the Kanda Otamagaike Vaccination Centre, established in 1858. It has 37 clinical examination rooms for a wide range of specialisations including Cardiovascular Medicine and Orthopaedic Surgery, among others. With a capacity of 1,210 beds, the hospital facilitated medical services for 389,830 inpatients and 794,454 outpatients in the fiscal year 2010.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/hospitals.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> Newsweek's ''World's Best Hospitals 2023'' ranks it 17th in the world, 2nd in Asia, and 1st in Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=World's Best Hospitals 2023 - Top 250 |url=https://www.newsweek.com/rankings/worlds-best-hospitals-2023 |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> It serves as the primary hospital for the Imperial Family of Japan, with both the current emperor and the emperor emeritus having undergone major operations there.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-02-12 |title=天皇陛下、18日に冠動脈バイパス手術狭心症と診断 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASDG1200T_S2A210C1000000/ |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=日本経済新聞 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=天皇陛下のご入院・ご手術・ご退院について - 宮内庁 |url=https://www.kunaicho.go.jp/activity/gonittei/01/h15/gonyuin-h15.html |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=www.kunaicho.go.jp}}</ref>

=== Museums === The University of Tokyo operates eight museums, three of which fall under the purview of the University Museum (UMUT). {| class="wikitable" |+ !Museum !Location !Operator |- |University Museum |Hongo |UMUT |- |INTERMEDIATHEQUE |JP Tower, Marunouchi, Chiyoda |UMUT/Japan Post |- |University Museum, Koishikawa Annex |Koishikawa botanical garden |UMUT |- |Komaba Museum |Komaba |College of Arts and Sciences |- |Museum of Health and Medicine |Hongo |Faculty of Medicine |- |Medical Science Museum |Shirokanedai |Institute of Medical Sciences |- |Farm Museum |Tanashi farm |Faculty of Agriculture |- |Agricultural Museum |Yayoi |Faculty of Agriculture |} [[File:Bunkyou Koishikawa Botanical Japanese Garden 1.JPG|thumb|Koishikawa Botanical Garden in autumn]] Apart from the aforementioned museums, the University of Tokyo operates several other facilities that are open to the public, among which are two botanical gardens managed by the Faculty of Science: Koishikawa and Nikko.

* Established in 1684, Koishikawa Botanical Garden has been operated by the University of Tokyo since its foundation as a modern university in 1877.<ref>{{Cite web |title=小石川植物園について｜小石川植物園 |url=https://koishikawa-bg.jp/overview/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |language=ja}}</ref> In 1894, Hirase Sakugoro the discovered spermatozoids of the ginkgo there, proving that gymnosperms produce sperm cells.<ref>{{Cite web |title=利用案内｜小石川植物園 |url=https://koishikawa-bg.jp/overview/guide/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |language=ja}}</ref> * Nikko Botanical Garden was opended in 1902 in Nikko as an annex to the Koishikawa Garden and primarily focuses on alpine plants.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nikko Botanical Garden |url=https://www.bg.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/nikko/eng/ |access-date=2023-11-17 |website=www.bg.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>

=== Finances === {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible" |+UTokyo's Income and Expenses, 2021-2022 (avg. exchange rate: 1 US$ = 109.8 yen) ! colspan="2" |Income (billion yen) ! colspan="2" |Expenses (billion yen) |- |Government fundings |93.1 |Personnel |106.1 |- |Self-earned income |81.2 |Equipment |134.7 |- |External fundings (research grants, endowments) |91.7 |Depreciation |27.9 |} In 2021–2022, the university had an income of 264.1 billion yen. Of this, 93.4 billion yen (35.1%) was funded by the government, primarily through the Expense Management Grant (運営費交付金). Despite being a national university, this grant from the government has been consistently reduced, dropping from 95.5 billion yen in 2005 to 79.9 billion yen in 2022. A total of 81.2 billion yen (30.5%) was self-earned, through sources such as the university hospitals (54.7 billion yen) and academic fees (16.6 billion yen). The remainder, 91.7 billion yen (34.4%), came from external funding, such as research grants and endowments. Although research grants are primarily earned by research groups and not by the university, the university can typically claim up to 30% of them for university operations, which is included in this number.<ref>{{Cite web |title=財務情報 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/public-info/b06.html |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>

The total assets of the university are valued at 1.47 trillion yen as of March 31, 2024. Land holdings make up the largest percentage of this figure, valued at 878 billion yen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=About finances |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/public-info/zaimu-2022.html |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> UTokyo's endowment fund is relatively small, at 44 billion yen as of March 2023. This is because national universities in Japan, including UTokyo, were not allowed to invest in high-risk assets until 2018, so endowments were spent rather than invested until that point.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-31 |title=東京大学、高リスク投資6割に自主財源拡大へ基金積極運用 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOUB288FI0Y3A320C2000000/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=日本経済新聞 |language=ja}}</ref> The UTokyo Foundation is the primary fundraising arm of the university, and it accepts both endowments for the university as a whole and purpose-specific donations.<ref>{{Cite web |title=en {{!}} 東京大学基金 |url=http://utf.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en |access-date=2024-06-15 |website=utf.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>

UTokyo's tuition fees have been fixed at 535,000 yen annually for undergraduates and master's students since 2005, regardless of their status (whether domestic or international).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tuition fees from next year |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/focus/ja/press/p01_170125_02.html |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> This makes up approximately 5% of the university's income. However, the decline in government funding and the university's international standing have brought about discussions on whether to raise these fees.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-10 |title=UTokyo President 'Considers Tuition Fee Rises' |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQOUE102GY0Q4A610C2000000/ |access-date=2024-06-13 |website=The Nikkei |language=ja}}</ref>

== Student life == === Admissions === thumb|A successful applicant rejoicing on the results day The {{Interlanguage link|University of Tokyo's admission process|ja|東京大学の入学試験}} (東大入試, ''tōdai nyūshi'') is regarded as the most selective in Japan and is almost synonymous with something that is difficult to achieve.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-03-24 |title=大学･学部別｢難易度ランキング｣トップ30 |url=https://toyokeizai.net/articles/-/26876 |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=東洋経済オンライン |language=ja}}</ref> To apply, candidates must achieve high scores in the Common Test for University Admissions, a standardised multiple-choice examination. UTokyo applicants are required to take at least seven subjects in this examination. Applicants for natural sciences take two mathematics tests, Japanese, one foreign language, two science subjects chosen from physics, chemistry, biology, and geology, and one social studies subject chosen from geography, Japanese history, or world history. Humanities applicants take two social studies subjects and one science subject instead.<ref>{{Cite web |title=入学者選抜方法等の概要（学部） |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/adm-data/e01_02.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>

On the basis of the Common Test scores, approximately three times the number of the final admission slots are invited to take the second-stage examination in late February. In that examination, mathematics, Japanese, and one foreign language are compulsory for all applicants.<ref>{{Cite web |title=高等学校段階までの学習で身につけてほしいこと |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/undergraduate/e01_01_18.html |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> Science applicants are examined in advanced mathematics, English, Japanese, and two science subjects, while humanities applicants take mathematics, a foreign language, advanced Japanese, and two social studies subjects. All applicants, including those for the natural sciences, sit for a written examination in Japanese and Chinese classics as part of the Japanese paper. Some applicants are called upon to take an interview.<ref>{{Cite web |title=一般選抜 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/undergraduate/e01_02_01.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>

Successful candidates are notified in March and are matriculated in April. The published acceptance rate for undergraduate admission is around 30 per cent,<ref>{{Cite web |title=入学者数・志願者数 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/overview/e08_01.html |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> but this figure is calculated only for the second-stage examination, after candidates have already been screened on the basis of Common Test scores.<ref>{{Cite web |title=一般選抜 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/undergraduate/e01_02_01.html |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=Undergraduate admissions (domestic) |language=ja}}</ref> Moreover, because applicants to national universities in Japan are effectively limited to a single choice in the main admissions round, candidates with little prospect of admission often apply to other institutions instead.<ref>{{Cite web |title=国立大学の入試 {{!}} 国立大学協会 |url=https://www.janu.jp/univ/exam/ |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=www.janu.jp |language=ja}}</ref>

=== Junior division === thumb|Komaba Campus, where all undergraduates spend a year and a half The matriculation ceremony takes place on April 12, the foundation day of the university.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-04-10 |title=東大の入学式は、なぜ12日開催なのか - 東大新聞オンライン |url=https://www.todaishimbun.org/entranceceremony20160410/ |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=www.todaishimbun.org |language=ja}}</ref> All first-year students are matriculated at the College of Arts and Sciences at Komaba, which is a remnant of the time when the Komaba Campus was a separate university-preparatory boarding school called the First Higher School until 1949.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/chronology.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> They spend the first one and a half years of their degrees at Komaba. All students study a foreign language they have not previously studied.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-12 |title=クラス分け {{!}} キミの東大高校生・受験生が東京大学をもっと知るためのサイト |url=https://kimino.ct.u-tokyo.ac.jp/kotohajime/college-classes/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=キミの東大 |language=ja}}</ref> Undergraduates at Komaba face ''shingaku sentaku'' ({{lang|ja|進学選択}}, or colloquially {{lang|ja|進振り}}, ''shinfuri'') in September of their second year, where they are assigned to departments based on their grades at Komaba.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-11-09 |title=進学選択 {{!}} キミの東大高校生・受験生が東京大学をもっと知るためのサイト |url=https://kimino.ct.u-tokyo.ac.jp/kotohajime/to-3rd-year/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=キミの東大 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=[入門駒場ライフ] 科類・進学選択について｜受験生・新入生応援サイト2023｜東京大学消費生活協同組合 |url=https://text.univ.coop/puk/START/utcoop/karui.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=text.univ.coop}}</ref>

==== Student housing ==== Despite its roots as a boarding school, most undergraduates at the university either live with their families or in private accommodation. Since the closure of the {{Interlanguage link|Komaba Dormitory|ja|東京大学駒場寮}} (駒場寮, ''Komaba-ryō'') in August 2001, there has been no on-campus accommodation for domestic students at the university. There are four university dormitories available for undergraduate students: Mitaka, Toshima, Oiwake and Mejirodai. In 2021, approximately five per cent of the undergraduate students lived in one of the university dormitories.<ref>{{Cite web |title=大学案内・選抜要項・募集要項 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/undergraduate/e01_06_01.html |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> The university offers more options for international students, with on-campus dormitories available for them at Komaba and Kashiwa.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Housing Office {{!}} Housing Information {{!}} Accommodations Offered by UTokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/adm/housing-office/en/housing/shukusha/index.html |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=www.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref>

==== Student newspapers and magazines ==== ''The Todai Shimbun'' (東大新聞) is one of the university's longest-running student publications, with its first issue in 1920.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-19 |title=団体紹介 - 東大新聞オンライン |url=https://www.todaishimbun.org/about/ |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=www.todaishimbun.org |language=ja}}</ref> Recruit was spun off from its advertising branch in 1961.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-11-06 |title=リクルートが生まれた場所、東京大学新聞リクルート創業者江副浩正氏の「唯一の上司」 - 東大新聞オンライン |url=https://www.todaishimbun.org/amano1102/ |access-date=2024-03-24 |website=www.todaishimbun.org |language=ja}}</ref> Other student publications include ''Kokasha'' (恒河沙), whose start-of-term issues contain student evaluations of lecturers and are widely used by students in the junior division when choosing courses.<ref>{{Cite web |title=沿革 – 時代錯誤社 |url=https://jidaisakugosha.net/?page_id=1444 |access-date=2023-12-29 |language=ja}}</ref>

=== Senior division === thumb|Hongo campus, where most senior-division departments are located

After completing the ''Shingaku Sentaku'', second-year students enter senior-division departments to specialise in their chosen fields. With the exception of the senior division of the College of Arts and Sciences and the Department of Mathematics, which are located in Komaba, all other senior departments are situated in Hongo. Consequently, approximately 85 per cent of the students move to Hongo at this point of their studies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/enrollment.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref>

Graduation ceremonies take place towards the end of March. Approximately one-third of the graduates enter the workforce upon graduation, while the remainder continue their studies at graduate schools within the university or at universities abroad.<ref>{{Cite web |title=学部卒業者の卒業後の状況 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/adm-data/e09_01.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> Common destinations include academia, government ministries, major private-sector employers, trading houses, consulting firms, and investment banks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-03 |title=東京大学「就職先企業・団体」ランキング2022【全20位・完全版】 |url=https://diamond.jp/articles/-/317098 |access-date=2023-12-29 |website=ダイヤモンド・オンライン |language=ja}}</ref>

=== International students === As of November 1, 2023, the University of Tokyo hosts 5,106 international students, who represent 17.7 per cent of the total student body. Of these, 4,874 are postgraduate students and 460 are undergraduates. Exchange students and postdoctoral researchers are not included in these numbers.<ref name=":13">https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400229030.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240329064615/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/content/400229030.pdf |date=March 29, 2024 }} University of Tokyo (in Japanese). Retrieved March 29, 2024.</ref> At the undergraduate level, international students may enter through Japanese-language admissions for students educated overseas, English-medium programmes such as PEAK, or exchange programmes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=外国学校卒業学生特別選考第1種：私費留学生・第2種：帰国生徒 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/admissions/undergraduate/e01_02_04.html |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo, PEAK - Programs in English at Komaba {{!}} HOME |url=https://peak.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ |access-date=2023-11-03 |website=peak.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/academics/ustep-overview.html |access-date=2023-11-04 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Partner Universities {{!}} The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.globalkomaba.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/inbound/study/programs/exchange_programs/partner.html |access-date=2023-11-04 |website=www.globalkomaba.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref> A wider variety of postgraduate programmes are offered in English,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/prospective-students/graduate_course_list.html |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> making the international student ratio significantly higher for postgraduate studies (31.32 per cent in November 2023).<ref name=":13" />

Starting in Autumn 2027, UTokyo plans to offer a five-year programme called the College of Design. The programme aims to 'redefine design as a broad concept (...) based on interdisciplinary knowledge that integrates the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, engineering and other fields'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Regarding media coverage of the College of Design (tentative name) concept |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/focus/en/articles/z1310_00023.html |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> Approximately 100 students will be matriculated annually, with half of them coming from overseas.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Tokyo to launch 5-year arts and sciences program |url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Society/University-of-Tokyo-to-launch-5-year-arts-and-sciences-program |access-date=2024-03-29 |website=Nikkei Asia |language=en-GB}}</ref>

== Academic rankings and reputation == {{Infobox Japanese university ranking | TSU_N = 1 | Kawai_N = 1 | THE_W = 26 | USNWR_W = 62 | QS_W = 36= | ARWU_W = 31 |Nature Index academic=19|QS_A=21|THE_A=4|LINE_2=1|THE_W_Reputation=10|NI_A=16}} The University of Tokyo has been ranked in a range of university rankings based on different criteria. * The ''Times Higher Education World University Rankings'' ranked UTokyo 26th in the world in 2025 (1st in Japan).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-11-01 |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/university-tokyo |access-date=2025-10-09 |website=Times Higher Education (THE) |language=en}}</ref> Its subject rankings ranked UTokyo 1st in the country for all subjects it covers.<ref name=":15" /> The ''Times Higher Education World Reputation Rankings'' 2023 ranked UTokyo 10th in the world (1st in Japan, 2nd in Asia). In 2017, its ''Alma Mater Index'', which measures universities around the world by the number of CEOs of ''Fortune'' Global 500 companies among their alumni, ranked UTokyo 16th in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Durrans |first=Alice |date=18 January 2017 |title=Where do the world's top CEOs go to university? |url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/news/where-do-worlds-top-ceos-go-university |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127084805/https://www.timeshighereducation.com/student/news/where-do-worlds-top-ceos-go-university |archive-date=27 November 2019}}</ref> * The ''QS World University Rankings'' ranked UTokyo 32nd in the world in 2024 (1st in Japan).<ref>{{Cite web |title=QS Ranking 2025 |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/world-university-rankings?page=1}}</ref> Its subject rankings ranked UTokyo 1st in Japan for all academic disciplines the university covers except for Classics and Ancient History, for which KyotoU was recognised as the best. The university was ranked 11th in the world for Natural Sciences, 18th for Engineering and Technology, 35th for Social Sciences & Management, and 32nd for Arts and Humanities.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web |title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024 |url=https://www.topuniversities.com/subject-rankings |access-date=2024-05-27 |website=Top Universities |language=en}}</ref>

thumb|270x270px|UTokyo's performance in ''The World University rankings'' compared to other universities (2004-2009 and 2011–2024)

* UTokyo has consistently been the largest recipient of the KAKENHI Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (Japan's largest national research grant) in the country. In FY2022, it alone received approximately 10 percent of the total grants awarded to 1,370 institutions across Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |title=科研費配分結果｜科学研究費助成事業（科研費）｜日本学術振興会 |url=https://www.jsps.go.jp/j-grantsinaid/27_kdata/kohyo/r04_01.html |access-date=2024-02-28 |website=日本学術振興会 |language=ja}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=令和5年度科学研究費助成事業の配分について：文部科学省 |url=https://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shinkou/hojyo/1422129_00005.htm |access-date=2024-02-28 |website=文部科学省ホームページ |language=ja}}</ref> * In 2023, ''Newsweek'' recognised the University of Tokyo Hospital as the 17th best hospital in the world (2nd in Asia after Singapore General Hospital, 1st in Japan).<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-03-01 |title=World's Best Hospitals 2023 - Top 250 |url=https://www.newsweek.com/rankings/worlds-best-hospitals-2023 |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref>

=== Subject rankings === {{col-begin}} {{col-break}} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; font-size: 90%" |+ QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024<ref name="QSSubject">{{cite web|url=https://www.topuniversities.com/subject-rankings/2024|title=QS World University Rankings by Subject 2024|website=QS World University Rankings}}</ref> ! Subject !! Global !! National |- ! {{Left|Arts & Humanities}} ! data-sort-value="32" | {{Rise|size=9}} =32 ! data-sort-value="1" | {{Same position|size=9}} 1 |- | Linguistics | data-sort-value="24" | {{Center|1={{Same position|size=9}} =24}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Theology, Divinity and Religious Studies | data-sort-value="46" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 46}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 1}} |- | Archaeology | data-sort-value="24" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 24}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Architecture and Built Environment | data-sort-value="15" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 15}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Art and Design | data-sort-value="49" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 49}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Classics and Ancient History | data-sort-value="42" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 42}} | data-sort-value="2" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 2}} |- | English Language and Literature | data-sort-value="37" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 37}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | History | data-sort-value="12" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 12}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Art History | data-sort-value="6" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 6}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 1}} |- | Modern Languages | data-sort-value="7" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 7}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Philosophy | data-sort-value="51–100" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 51–100}} | data-sort-value="1–2" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 1–2}} |- ! {{Left|Engineering and Technology}} ! data-sort-value="18" | {{Rise|size=9}} 18 ! data-sort-value="1" | {{Same position|size=9}} 1 |- | Engineering – Chemical | data-sort-value="15" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 15}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Engineering – Civil and Structural | data-sort-value="21" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 21}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Computer Science and Information Systems | data-sort-value="38" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =38}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Engineering – Electrical and Electronic | data-sort-value="33" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 33}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Engineering – Petroleum | data-sort-value="10" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 10}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 1}} |- | Engineering – Mechanical | data-sort-value="21" | {{Center|1={{Same position|size=9}} =21}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- ! {{Left|Life Sciences & Medicine}} ! data-sort-value="36" | {{Rise|size=9}} 36 ! data-sort-value="1" | {{Same position|size=9}} 1 |- | Agriculture and Forestry | data-sort-value="36" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 36}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Anatomy and Physiology | data-sort-value="28" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 28}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Biological Sciences | data-sort-value="31" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 31}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Medicine | data-sort-value="42" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 42}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Nursing | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Pharmacy and Pharmacology | data-sort-value="41" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 41}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Psychology | data-sort-value="77" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =77}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Veterinary Science | data-sort-value="48" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 48}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- ! {{Left|Natural Sciences}} ! data-sort-value="11" | {{Same position|size=9}} =11 ! data-sort-value="1" | {{Same position|size=9}} 1 |- | Chemistry | data-sort-value="15" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 15}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Earth and Marine Sciences | data-sort-value="11" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 11}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Environmental Sciences | data-sort-value="31" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =31}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Geography | data-sort-value="18" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 18}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Geology | data-sort-value="12" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =12}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Geophysics | data-sort-value="13" | {{Center|1={{Same position|size=9}} =13}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Materials Sciences | data-sort-value="20" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 20}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Mathematics | data-sort-value="29" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 29}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Physics and Astronomy | data-sort-value="9" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 9}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- ! {{Left|Social Sciences & Management}} ! data-sort-value="35" | {{Fall|size=9}} 35 ! data-sort-value="1" | {{Same position|size=9}} 1 |- | Accounting and Finance | data-sort-value="39" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 39}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Anthropology | data-sort-value="33" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 33}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Business and Management Studies | data-sort-value="87" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =87}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Communication and Media Studies | data-sort-value="51–100" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 51–100}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Development Studies | data-sort-value="26" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =26}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Economics and Econometrics | data-sort-value="33" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 33}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Education and Training | data-sort-value="57" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =57}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Law and Legal Studies | data-sort-value="22" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 22}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Politics | data-sort-value="39" | {{Center|1={{Fall|size=9}} =39}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Social Policy and Administration | data-sort-value="29" | {{Center|1={{Fall|size=9}} =29}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Sociology | data-sort-value="24" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =24}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Sports–Related Subjects | data-sort-value="49" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 49}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 1}} |- | Statistics and Operational Research | data-sort-value="34" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 34}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- |} {{col-break|gap=0.5em}} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; font-size: 90%" |+ THE World University Rankings by Subject 2024<ref name="THESubject">{{cite web|url=https://www.timeshighereducation.com/world-university-rankings/by-subject|title=World University Rankings by subject|website=Times Higher Education World University Rankings}}</ref> ! Subject !! Global !! National |- | Arts & humanities | data-sort-value="60" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 60}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Business & economics | data-sort-value="28" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =28}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Clinical & health | data-sort-value="30" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 30}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Computer science | data-sort-value="33" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 33}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Education | data-sort-value="25" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 25}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Engineering | data-sort-value="29" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 29}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Life sciences | data-sort-value="30" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 30}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Physical sciences | data-sort-value="24" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 24}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Psychology | data-sort-value="61" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 61}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Social sciences | data-sort-value="40" | {{Center|1={{Rise|size=9}} =40}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- |} {| class="wikitable sortable" style="width: 100%; font-size: 90%" |+ ARWU Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2023<ref name="ARWUSubject">{{cite web|url=https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/gras/2023|title=ShanghaiRanking's Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2023|website=Academic Ranking of World Universities}}</ref> ! Subject !! Global !! National |- ! colspan="3" | Natural Sciences |- | Mathematics | data-sort-value="51–75" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 51–75}} | data-sort-value="1–2" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 1–2}} |- | Physics | data-sort-value="5" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 5}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Chemistry | data-sort-value="24" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 24}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Earth Sciences | data-sort-value="34" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 34}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Geography | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Ecology | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1–2" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1–2}} |- | Oceanography | data-sort-value="48" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 48}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Atmospheric Science | data-sort-value="38" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 38}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- ! colspan="3" | Engineering |- | Mechanical Engineering | data-sort-value="151–200" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 151–200}} | data-sort-value="3" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 3}} |- | Electrical & Electronic Engineering | data-sort-value="151–200" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 151–200}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Automation & Control | data-sort-value="47" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 47}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 1}} |- | Instruments Science & Technology | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Biomedical Engineering | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1–2" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1–2}} |- | Computer Science & Engineering | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Civil Engineering | data-sort-value="76–100" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 76–100}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Chemical Engineering | data-sort-value="151–200" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 151–200}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Materials Science & Engineering | data-sort-value="76–100" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 76–100}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 1}} |- | Nanoscience & Nanotechnology | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Energy Science & Engineering | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Environmental Science & Engineering | data-sort-value="151–200" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 151–200}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Water Resources | data-sort-value="76–100" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 76–100}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Biotechnology | data-sort-value="151–200" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 151–200}} | data-sort-value="1–2" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1–2}} |- | Transportation Science & Technology | data-sort-value="151–200" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 151–200}} | data-sort-value="1–2" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1–2}} |- | Remote Sensing | data-sort-value="51–75" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 51–75}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Metallurgical Engineering | data-sort-value="51–75" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 51–75}} | data-sort-value="3–4" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 3–4}} |- ! colspan="3" | Life Sciences |- | Biological Sciences | data-sort-value="76–100" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 76–100}} | data-sort-value="4" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 4}} |- | Human Biological Sciences | data-sort-value="151–200" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 151–200}} | data-sort-value="3" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 3}} |- | Agricultural Sciences | data-sort-value="401–500" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 401–500}} | data-sort-value="2–3" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 2–3}} |- | Veterinary Sciences | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Fall|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1–6" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1–6}} |- ! colspan="3" | Medical Sciences |- | Clinical Medicine | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Public Health | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 1}} |- | Nursing | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Medical Technology | data-sort-value="301–400" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 301–400}} | data-sort-value="1–6" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 1–6}} |- | Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- ! colspan="3" | Social Sciences |- | Economics | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Statistics | data-sort-value="101–150" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 101–150}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- | Political Sciences | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1–2" | {{Center|{{Rise|size=9}} 1–2}} |- | Communication | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{New entry|size=16}} 1}} |- | Psychology | data-sort-value="201–300" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 201–300}} | data-sort-value="1" | {{Center|{{Same position|size=9}} 1}} |- |} {{col-end}}

== Sites == The University of Tokyo is organised around three principal campuses: Hongo, Komaba, and Kashiwa. Apart from these main campuses, the university has a number of smaller campuses, research stations, farms, observatories, and other facilities in Japan and overseas.<ref name=":0" /> The university's land holdings in Japan amount to 326 square kilometres, and its real estate assets were valued at 1.14 trillion yen as of 31 March 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=令和4年度財務情報 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/about/public-info/zaimu-2022.html |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref>

=== Hongo campus === {{Main|Hongō campus}}

The Hongo campus has been the university's centre since 1884, when the university's administration office relocated to the site. The campus faces Shinobazu Pond in Ueno Park to the east and has in its vicinity the electric district Akihabara, the city's bookshop hub, Jimbōchō, and the city's largest indoor stadium, Tokyo Dome. The campus is served by three Tokyo Metro stations: Hongo-sanchome, Todai-mae, and Nezu.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/access.html |access-date=2024-02-15 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> It occupies the former estate of the Maeda family, Edo period feudal lords of Kaga Province.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-01-16|title=Japan's new university entrance exams underway amid virus pandemic|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/01/16/national/japan-university-entrance-exams-coronavirus/|access-date=2021-03-24|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-01-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116220149/https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/01/16/national/japan-university-entrance-exams-coronavirus/|url-status=live}}</ref> One of the university's best known landmarks, Akamon (the Red Gate), is a relic of this era. The symbol of the university is the ginkgo leaf, from the trees found throughout the area. The Hongo campus also hosts UTokyo's annual May Festival.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.a103.net/may/86/visitor/|title=トップページ｜東京大学第86回五月祭|work=第86回五月祭公式ウェブページ|access-date=12 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905020355/http://www.a103.net/may/86/visitor/|archive-date=5 September 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

<gallery mode="packed" heights="120"> File:東京大学総合図書館外観.jpg|General Library File:Faculty of Medicine Building 2, the University of Tokyo.jpg|Faculty of Medicine Building 2 File:Faculty of Law & Letters Bldg1 Tokyo University 2010.jpg|Building one, Shared by the Faculties of Law and Letters File:University of Tokyo - university hospital.JPG|University Hospital File:Wongwt 東京大學 (16663967103).jpg|Engineering Building 3 File:東京大学理学部化学東館.jpg|Chemistry East Building </gallery>

=== Komaba Campus === {{Main|Komaba Campus, University of Tokyo}}

The Komaba Campus, serving as the educational hub for the first two years of undergraduate studies, provides general education to around 6,000 first and second year students. The campus, also home to the Graduate Schools of Arts, Sciences, and Mathematical Sciences, has advanced research facilities. It also provides specialised education for about 450 senior division undergraduate students in the College of Arts and Sciences and 1,400 graduate students across various disciplines. It is served by Komaba-Todaimae Station on the Keio Inokashira line, which is directly connected to the main gate of the campus.<ref name=":4" />

<gallery mode="packed" heights="120"> File:University of Tokyo - Komaba Campus - Building 1.JPG|Komaba Campus Building 1 File:Tokyo University - Komaba campus - Main Auditorium.jpg|Auditorium 900 File:Southern Complex.jpg|Main Refectory File:Komaba Research Campus (Evening) color.jpg|link=|The Institute of Industrial Science File:Research Center-2.jpg|link=|Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology File:CAMPUS PLAZA, Komaba Campus, University of Tokyo.jpg|Campus Plaza </gallery>

=== Kashiwa Campus === {{Main|Kashiwa Campus, University of Tokyo}}

The Kashiwa Campus is dedicated to postgraduate education and research. It houses the Graduate School of Frontier Sciences along with advanced research institutes such as the Institute for Cosmic Ray Research, the Institute for Solid State Physics, the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe, and the Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, equipped with extensive facilities and services.<gallery mode="packed"> File:The University of Tokyo.JPG|link=|The Kashiwa Campus is built on 100 acres of land. File:Kashiwa canpus, University of Tokyo.jpg|link=|The institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR), Kasiwa File:Test line at the Institute of Industrial Science, the University of Tokyo.jpg|link=|A test track for the new generation of railway technology runs across the campus. File:Tokyo Metro 01-630 in Tokyo University.jpg|link=|A former Tokyo Metro series 01 coach is used as a railway technology testbed. File:University of Tokyo Kashiwa campus II.JPG|link=|The Kashiwa II Campus (20 acres) houses accommodation and athletic facilities for the students and faculty of the Kashiwa Campus. </gallery>

=== Shirokanedai Campus === thumb|The main building of the Shirokanedai Campus The relatively small Shirokanedai Campus<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp/imswww/About/map0310-e.html|title=Shirokanedai Campus, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo|website=Ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp|access-date=15 November 2018|archive-date=28 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928043712/http://www.ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp/imswww/About/map0310-e.html|url-status=live}}</ref> hosts the Institute of Medical Science, which is entirely dedicated to postgraduate studies. The institute was originally established by Shibasaburo Kitasato and moved to the current site in Shirokanedai, Minato in 1906. The campus is focused on genome research, including among its research groups the Human Genome Center, which has at its disposal the largest supercomputer in the field.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hgc.jp/english/|title=Human Genome Center|website=Hgc.jp|access-date=12 June 2015|archive-date=26 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150526172211/http://hgc.jp/english/|url-status=live}}</ref> The main building of the building was designed by Yoshikazu Uchida in a style matching that of the adjacent Institute of Public Health, which is now opened to the public as Minato Local History Museum.<ref>{{Cite web |title=港区立郷土歴史館 |url=https://www.minato-rekishi.com/ |access-date=2024-12-15 |website=港区立郷土歴史館 |language=ja}}</ref>

=== Other sites === <gallery mode="packed" widths="160"> File:Bunkyou Koishikawa Botanical Japanese Garden 1 (1).JPG|Koishikawa Botanical Garden, Tokyo File:Norikura Solar Observatory、乗鞍コロナ観測所、8128356.JPG|Norikura Solar Observatory File:TokyoDaigakuKemigawaSougoUndojo20110809.jpg|Kemigawa Athletic Ground, Chiba File:In-construction KAGRA gravitational-wave detector.jpg|KAGRA gravitational wave telescope, Gifu File:Yamanaka Seminar House, University of Tokyo.jpg|Yamanaka Seminar House, Yamanashi File:The moon high above Cerro Chajnantor at sunset.jpg|Atacama Observatory, Mount Chajnator, Chile File:Kemigawa Seminar House, the University of Tokyo.jpg|Kemigawa Seminar House, Chiba File:US Navy 110315-N-5503T-307 An aerial view of damage to Otsuchi, Japan, after a 9.0 magnitude earthquake and subsequent tsunami devastated the area in northern Japan.jpg|Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, Iwate, after the Tsunami of 11 March 2011 File:Nikko Botanical Gardens, the University of Tokyo.JPG|Nikko Botanical Garden, Tochigi File:Tokoro archaeological centre, University of Tokyo, Hokkaido.jpg|Tokoro Archaeological Centre, Tokoro, Hokkaido </gallery>

== Alumni == {{Main|List of University of Tokyo people}}

Throughout its history as a modern university since 1877, a considerable number of UTokyo alumni have attained prominence in both academic and other fields. As of 2024, UTokyo's alumni and faculty include 17 of Japan's 64 prime ministers, 20 Nobel Prize laureates, five astronauts, and a Fields Medalist.<ref name=":18">{{Cite web |title=The University of Tokyo |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/president.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111026032504/https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/about/president.html |archive-date=2011-10-26 |access-date=2019-07-12 |website=The University of Tokyo |language=en}}</ref> Additionally, UTokyo alumni have founded some of Japan's largest companies, such as Toyota<ref name=":72">{{Cite web |title=» Kiichiro Toyoda {{!}} Automotive Hall of Fame |url=https://www.automotivehalloffame.org/honoree/kiichiro-toyoda/ |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.automotivehalloffame.org}}</ref> and Hitachi.<ref name=":82">{{Cite web |title=Legacy of Meister Namihei Odaira : Hitachi Review |url=https://www.hitachi.com/rev/column/gf/vol05/index.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.hitachi.com |language=en}}</ref> UTokyo alumni also hold chief executive positions in approximately a quarter of the Nikkei 225 companies (47 in 2014),<ref name=":19">{{Cite book |url=https://iss.ndl.go.jp/books/R100000001-I115381085-00 |title=サンデー毎日 2014年 3/23号 |publisher=毎日新聞社 |isbn= |language=ja}}</ref> a fifth of the total seats in the National Diet (139 out of 713 in 2023),<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":5" /> more than half of the prefectural governorships (27 out of 47 in 2023),<ref name=":12" /> and about two thirds of the justiceships at the Supreme Court of Japan (11 out of 15 in 2024).<ref name=":9" />

Of the 20 Nobel Prize winners affiliated with UTokyo in some way, twelve have earned degrees from the institution, with prizes won in five of the six categories, except for economics. This is the largest number among all universities in Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nobel Laureates |url=https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/en/about/honors/international-awards/nobel-laureates |access-date=2024-04-07 |website=Kyoto University |language=en}}</ref> However, when including other affiliates such as non-alumnus faculty members, the total number is on par with Kyoto University.<ref>[https://www.kyoto-u.ac.jp/sites/default/files/inline-files/KU2024_page_00_05-ddc3e3332b7185cc335f1c7d83d9f82c.pdf 京都大学大学案内 2024 知と自由への誘い]</ref> The remainder consists of: Hideki Yukawa (Physics, 1949), who served as a professor from 1942 for a few years;<ref name=":7">{{Cite web |title=東京大学創立130周年記念事業 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/130ut/event/03_07.html |access-date=2023-12-01 |website=www.u-tokyo.ac.jp}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=生命情報科学の源流 {{!}} WEB連載 {{!}} 大人の科学.net |url=https://otonanokagaku.net/issue/origin/vol5/index04.html |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=otonanokagaku.net}}</ref> Charles H. Townes (Physics, 1964), who was a visiting scholar for two years in the 1950s;<ref>{{Cite web |title=Townes, Charles H. |url=https://history.aip.org/phn/11408013.html |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=history.aip.org}}</ref> Wolfgang Paul (Physics, 1989), who was a visiting lecturer in 1978;<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wolfgang Paul |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1989/paul/biographical/ |access-date=2025-01-11 |website=www.nobelprize.org}}</ref> Anthony James Leggett (Physics, 2003), who was a visiting professor for two years beginning in 1972;<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leggett, A. J. (Anthony J.) |url=https://history.aip.org/phn/11605005.html |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=history.aip.org}}</ref> Gérard Mourou, who was a visiting professor in 1994;<ref>[http://www.kps.or.kr/upload/data/CV_GM_Jan_2018.pdf "CV (Gérard Albert Mourou)"].</ref> Tasuku Honjo (Physiology or Medicine, 2018), who was an assistant professor for six years beginning in 1974;<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-06-13 |title=本庶佑（京都大学がん免疫総合研究センター長）私の履歴書（12）東大京都大学がん免疫総合研究センター長 |url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXZQODK16DMH0W4A510C2000000/ |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=日本経済新聞 |language=ja}}</ref> Harry Markowitz (Economics, 1990)<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=2023-07-11 |title=Harry Markowitz: An Appreciation Part II |url=https://wilmott.com/harry-markowitz-an-appreciation-part-ii/ |access-date=2024-10-04 |language=en-GB}}</ref> and Leonid Hurwicz (Economics, 2007),<ref>{{Cite web |last=INFORMS |title=Hurwicz, Leonid |url=https://www.informs.org/Explore/History-of-O.R.-Excellence/Biographical-Profiles/Hurwicz-Leonid |access-date=2024-10-04 |website=INFORMS |language=en-US}}</ref> both of whom served as visiting professors.

=== Law and politics === <gallery mode="packed" caption="Japanese Prime Ministers who attended the University of Tokyo"> File:Takaaki Kato suit.jpg| Takaaki Kato File:Osachi Hamaguchi posing cropped.jpg|Osachi Hamaguchi File:Shigeru Yoshida suit.jpg|Shigeru Yoshida File:Hatoyama Ichirō.jpg|Ichirō Hatoyama File:Eisaku Sato cropped 1 Eisaku Sato 19641109.jpg|Eisaku Sato File:Yasuhiro Nakasone 19821127.jpg|Yasuhiro Nakasone File:Kiichi Miyazawa cropped 2 Kiichi Miyazawa 19911105.jpg|Kiichi Miyazawa File:Yukio Hatoyama 20070824.jpg|Yukio Hatoyama </gallery>The University of Tokyo has educated eighteen prime ministers of Japan: Takashi Hara (dropped out), Earl Takaaki Katō (Law, 1881), Baron Reijirō Wakatsuki (Law, 1892), Osachi Hamaguchi (Law, 1895), Kōki Hirota (Law, 1905), Duke Fumimaro Konoe (Letters, dropped out), Baron Hiranuma Kiichirō (Law, 1888), Baron Kijūrō Shidehara (Law, 1895), Shigeru Yoshida (Law, 1906), Tetsu Katayama (Law, 1912), Hitoshi Ashida (Law, 1912), Ichirō Hatoyama (Law, 1907), Nobusuke Kishi (Law, 1920), Eisaku Satō (Law, 1924), Takeo Fukuda (Law, 1929), Yasuhiro Nakasone (Law, 1941), Kiichi Miyazawa (Law, 1941), Yukio Hatoyama (Engineering, 1969). Eisaku Satō received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1974, for his commitment to halting the spread of nuclear arms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 1974 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1974/sato/facts/ |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}</ref>

UTokyo has produced numerous other influential politicians since its establishment. As of December 2023, UTokyo alumni hold 139 seats in the National Diet (the national legislature of Japan), accounting for about a fifth of the total seats.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=議員情報 |url=https://www.shugiin.go.jp/internet/index.nsf/html/giin_top.htm |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.shugiin.go.jp}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web |title=議員一覧（50音順）：参議院 |url=https://www.sangiin.go.jp/japanese/joho1/kousei/giin/200/giin.htm |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.sangiin.go.jp |archive-date=August 4, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230804083137/https://www.sangiin.go.jp/japanese/joho1/kousei/giin/200/giin.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> Six members of the cabinet are UTokyo alumni, including the Chief Cabinet Secretary: Yoshimasa Hayashi; Internal Affairs: Takeaki Matsumoto; Justice: Ryuji Koizumi; Foreign Affairs: Yoko Kamikawa; Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology: Masahito Moriyama; and Economy, Trade and Industry: Ken Saito.<ref>{{Cite web |title=List of Ministers |url=https://japan.kantei.go.jp/101_kishida/meibo/daijin/index_e.html |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=Prime Minister's Office of Japan |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=第2次岸田第2次改造内閣閣僚等名簿 |url=https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/101_kishida/meibo/index.html |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=首相官邸ホームページ |language=ja}}</ref> As of April 2023, 27 out of the 47 incumbent governors of Japanese prefectures have received their undergraduate education at UTokyo.<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=2023-04-04 |title=都道府県のトップは実は｢よそもの｣が多い...知事47人中27人が｢東大出身のエリート｣である本当の理由全平均在任期間は安倍元首相の8年8カ月より長い |url=https://president.jp/articles/-/68012 |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=PRESIDENT Online（プレジデントオンライン） |language=ja}}</ref>

UTokyo has produced a large number of distinguished jurists, judges and lawyers. As of February 2024, eleven out of the fifteen incumbent justices of the Supreme Court are UTokyo alumni.<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |title=Justices of the supreme court {{!}} 裁判所 - Courts in Japan |url=https://www.courts.go.jp/english/about/justice/index.html |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=www.courts.go.jp}}</ref> The university is also the alma mater of all four Japanese judges of the International Court of Justice: Kōtarō Tanaka, Shigeru Oda, Hisashi Owada and Yuji Iwasawa. Tomoko Akane has served as the president of the International Criminal Court (ICC) since March 2024.

=== Sciences, engineering and mathematics === <gallery mode="packed" caption="Scientists and engineers who attended the University of Tokyo"> File:Kodaira Kunihiko.jpg|Kunihiko Kodaira File:Masatoshi Koshiba 2002.jpg|Masatoshi Koshiba File:Nobel Laureates 7428 (30679389523) (cropped).jpg|Yoshinori Ohsumi File:Kenzo Tange 1981.jpg|Kenzo Tange File:YoichiroNambu.jpg|Yoichiro Nambu File:Kiyoshi Ito cropped 3 Kiyosi Ito.jpg|Kiyoshi Ito File:Teiji Takagi photographed by Ken Domon.jpg|Teiji Takagi File:Nobel Prize 2010-Press Conference KVA-DSC 7398.jpg|Ei-ichi Negishi </gallery>Nine Nobel-awarded scientists have earned degrees from UTokyo: six in physics (Leo Esaki, Masatoshi Koshiba, Shin'ichirō Tomonaga, Yoichiro Nambu, Takaaki Kajita and Syukuro Manabe), one in chemistry (Ei-ichi Negishi) and two in Physiology or Medicine (Yoshinori Ohsumi and Satoshi Ōmura). Additionally, Kunihiko Kodaira won a Fields Medal, Masaki Kashiwara won an Abel Prize, both often called the 'Nobel Prize for mathematics'. Four architects educated at the Faculty of Engineering have received the Pritzker Architecture Prize: Kenzo Tange, Arata Isozaki, Toyo Ito and Fumihiko Maki.

Other UTokyo-educated scientists, engineers, and mathematicians include Kiyoshi Ito, known for his work in probability theory; Hantaro Nagaoka, a pioneer in atomic theory; Yoshio Nishina, who made significant contributions to particle physics; and Teiji Takagi, known for his work in number theory. Yoji Totsuka was an influential figure in neutrino physics. Kikunae Ikeda is credited with discovering umami. Kitasato Shibasaburō discovered the infectious agent of bubonic plague, and Kazuhiko Nishijima contributed to the discovery of the Gell-Mann–Nishijima formula. Hirotugu Akaike developed the Akaike Information Criterion, and Hideo Shima was the chief engineer behind the development of the Shinkansen bullet train. Yuzuru Hiraga was the chief engineer at the Imperial Japanese Navy, then the third-strongest in the world, and Takamine Jōkichi was the first to isolate adrenaline. Akira Fujishima discovered the photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide, and Tosio Kato made notable contributions to functional analysis. Kenkichi Iwasawa is known for his influence on algebraic number theory. Shun'ichi Amari invented and formulated the recurrent neural network (RNN) for learning.

=== Business, economics and finance === <gallery mode="packed" caption="Industrialists, economists and central bankers who attended the University of Tokyo"> File:Kiichiro Toyoda.jpg|Kiichiro Toyoda, founder of Toyota File:Namihei Odaira Portrait c1910.png|Namihei Odaira, founder of Hitachi File:Iwasaki Koyata.jpg|Baron Koyata Iwasaki, longest-serving head of Mitsubishi File:Aikawa Yosuke.jpg|Yoshisuke Ayukawa, founder of the Nissan Group File:Keizo Shibusawa.jpg|Viscount Keizo Shibusawa, governor of BoJ File:Kazuo Ueda 20230410meeting01.jpg|Kazuo Ueda, governor of BoJ since 2023 File:Hirofumi Uzawa.jpg|Hirofumi Uzawa, mathematical economist File:Nobuhiro Kiyotaki cropped 1 Nobuhiro Kiyotaki 202011.jpg|Nobuhiro Kiyotaki, New Keynesian economist </gallery>Kiichiro Toyoda, an alumnus of the Faculty of Engineering, founded Toyota Motor, the largest car manufacturer in the world and the largest company in Japan by both market capitalisation and revenue.<ref name=":72" /> Namihei Odaira, also an alumnus of the Faculty of Engineering, founded Hitachi, one of the largest electronics conglomerates in the world.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Legacy of Meister Namihei Odaira: Hitachi Review |url=https://www.hitachi.com/rev/column/gf/vol05/index.html |access-date=2023-11-10 |website=www.hitachi.com |language=en}}</ref> Another UTokyo-educated engineer, Yoshisuke Ayukawa, founded the Nissan Group (''zaibatsu''),<ref>{{Cite web |title=鮎川義介｜近代日本人の肖像 |url=https://www.ndl.go.jp/portrait/datas/226/ |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=近代日本人の肖像 |language=ja}}</ref> from which some of Japan's largest companies, such as Nissan, Isuzu, NEC, and SOMPO Holdings, spun off.<ref>{{Cite web |title=「オレは絶対に金持ちにならない」日産、日立の始祖・鮎川義介の血と育ち｜人間力・仕事力を高めるWEB chichi｜致知出版社 |url=https://www.chichi.co.jp/web/20230320_ayukawa_yoshisuke_kita/ |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=致知出版社 |language=ja}}</ref> Baron Koyata Iwasaki, a member of the founding Iwasaki family of Mitsubishi, was the longest-serving and last head of the group before it was split up by order of the Allied Occupation Forces after the Second World War. Under his leadership, the group's business evolved significantly, and he founded companies such as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Nikon. Hiromasa Ezoe, as an educational psychology student at UTokyo in 1961, established Recruit Holdings, the largest human resources company in Japan, which also runs worldwide businesses including Indeed and Glassdoor. UTokyo alumni have held chief executive positions at numerous influential Japanese companies; as of April 2024, companies under the leadership of a UTokyo alumnus include Sony (Kenichiro Yoshida),<ref>{{Cite web |title=ソニー、次期社長に吉田憲一郎氏新中期経営計画スタート前にニュースイッチ by 日刊工業新聞社 |url=https://newswitch.jp/p/11897 |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=ニュースイッチ by 日刊工業新聞社 |language=ja}}</ref> MUFG (Hironori Kamezawa)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hironori Kamezawa, CEO of MUFG |url=https://ihj.global/leadership/leadership-5122/ |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=公益財団法人国際文化会館 |language=ja}}</ref> and Mitsubishi Corp (Katsuya Nakanishi [<nowiki/>ja]).<ref>{{Cite web |last=日経ビジネス電子版 |date=2022-10-13 |title="It's our turn to save this country from this national crisis", said the CEO of Mitsubishi Corp |url=https://business.nikkei.com/atcl/NBD/19/00119/00184/ |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=日経ビジネス電子版 |language=ja}}</ref> More than half of the governors of the Bank of Japan, the central bank of Japan, have been UTokyo alumni, including the incumbent governor Kazuo Ueda, who previously taught at UTokyo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor : UEDA Kazuo : 日本銀行 Bank of Japan |url=https://www.boj.or.jp/en/about/organization/policyboard/gv_ueda.htm |access-date=2024-06-08 |website=Bank of Japan |language=en}}</ref>

=== Literature, arts and humanities === <gallery mode="packed" caption="Literary figures who attended the University of Tokyo"> File:Natsume Soseki photo.jpg|Soseki Natsume File:Akutagawa Ryunosuke.jpg|Ryunosuke Akutagawa File:Junichiro Tanizaki 01.jpg|Junichiro Tanizaki File:Osamu Dazai.jpg|Osamu Dazai File:Yukio Mishima 2.jpg|Yukio Mishima File:Kinema-Junpo-1967-January-Special-3.jpg|Kobo Abe File:Yasunari Kawabata 1968 cropped2.jpg|Yasunari Kawabata File:K oe.jpg|Kenzaburo Oe </gallery>Many notable literary figures have attended the University of Tokyo, two of whom received the Nobel Prize in Literature: Yasunari Kawabata (Known for ''The Dancing Girl of Izu, Snow Country'' and ''The Old Capital'') and Kenzaburo Oe (''A Personal Matter'', ''The Silent Cry'' and ''Death by Water''). Other notable UTokyo-educated writers include: Soseki Natsume (''I Am a Cat'', ''Botchan'', ''Sanshiro'' and ''Kokoro''), Ōgai Mori, Ryunosuke Akutagawa, Junichiro Tanizaki, Naoya Shiga, Osamu Dazai, Yukio Mishima, Kobo Abe, Shōyō Tsubouchi, Shinichi Hoshi, Kōyō Ozaki, Jun Takami, Motojiro Kaijii, Shūichi Katō, Kunio Kishida, Hideo Kobayashi, Shigeharu Nakano, Hyakken Uchida, Makoto Oda, Tatsuo Hori, Mari Yonehara and Atsushi Nakajima. Shiki Masaoka is known as the initiator of modern haiku poetry and one of the most celebrated poets in Japanese history.<ref>{{Cite web |title=正岡子規：俳句を革新した俳人 {{!}} September 2022 {{!}} Highlighting Japan |url=https://www.gov-online.go.jp/eng/publicity/book/hlj/html/202209/202209_12_jp.html |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=www.gov-online.go.jp}}</ref> Other notable UTokyo-educated poets include Mokichi Saito, Nobutsuna Sasaki, Makoto Ōoka, Hōsai Ozaki, Saneatsu Mushanokōji and Tatsuji Miyoshi.

Isao Takahata co-founded Studio Ghibli with Hayao Miyazaki and directed animation films including ''Grave of the Fireflies'', ''Pom Poko'', and ''The Tale of the Princess Kaguya''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Amidi |first=Amid |author-link=Amid Amidi |date=2018-05-16 |title=Watch Hayao Miyazaki's Eulogy For Isao Takahata |url=https://www.cartoonbrew.com/rip/watch-hayao-miyazakis-eulogy-for-isao-takahata-158410.html |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=Cartoon Brew |language=en-US}}</ref> Together with Miyazaki, he created animation films such as ''Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind'' and ''Laputa: Castle in the Sky''. Yoji Yamada directed the film series ''Otoko wa Tsurai yo'' and the Samurai Trilogy (''The Twilight Samurai'', ''The Hidden Blade'' and ''Love and Honor''). Koichi Sugiyama is known for composing the music for ''Dragon Quest'', along with several other famous video games, anime, films, television shows, and pop songs. Wowaka is considered to be a pioneer in the vocaloid music industry, especially Hatsune Miku.<ref name="kotaku_2019-04-09">{{Cite web |last=Strawhun |first=Aiden |date=9 April 2019 |title=Remembering A Vocaloid Legend Behind Some Of The Best Hatsune Miku Songs |url=https://kotaku.com/remembering-a-vocaloid-legend-behind-some-of-the-best-h-1833912736 |access-date=2019-04-10 |website=Kotaku |language=en-US}}</ref> Kunio Yanagita made significant contributions to the preservation and studies of Japanese folklore.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Encyclopedia of Shinto詳細 |url=https://d-museum.kokugakuin.ac.jp//eos/detail/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220611142410/https://d-museum.kokugakuin.ac.jp/eos/detail/ |archive-date=June 11, 2022 |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=國學院大學デジタルミュージアム |language=ja}}</ref> Yanagi Sōetsu initiated the ''mingei'' (folk craft) movement, and his contributions made the idea of finding beauty in everyday utilitarian crafts popular. Nam June Paik, a Korean-American media artist, is considered to be the founder of video art.<ref>{{cite news |last=Judkis |first=Maura |date=December 12, 2012 |title="Father of video art" Nam June Paik gets American Art Museum exhibit (Photos) |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/going-out-guide/post/father-of-video-art-nam-june-paik-gets-american-art-museum-exhibit-photos/2012/12/12/c16fa980-448b-11e2-8e70-e1993528222d_blog.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809041026/https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/going-out-guide/post/father-of-video-art-nam-june-paik-gets-american-art-museum-exhibit-photos/2012/12/12/c16fa980-448b-11e2-8e70-e1993528222d_blog.html |archive-date=August 9, 2017 |access-date=September 5, 2017 |newspaper=The Washington Post}}</ref>

=== Other notable alumni and affiliates === <gallery mode="packed"> File:Princess Masako, the present Empress of Japan.jpg|Masako, Empress of Japan File:Prince Mikasa Takahito wearing Sokutai.jpg|Takahito, Prince Mikasa File:Birendra Bir Bikram Shah c. 1967 (restoration).jpg|Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, King of Nepal File:Tokugawa Iemasa as the president of the house of peers.jpg|Duke Iemasa Tokugawa, 17th head of the Tokugawa clan File:Tokugawa Yoshichika 01.jpg|Marquess Yoshichika Tokugawa, botanist File:Chie Nakane cropped Chie Nakane 19951212.jpg|Chie Nakane, Social Anthropologist File:Yahiko Mishima and Paul Zerling 1912.jpg|Yahiko Mishima (left), first Japanese national to compete in the Olympics File:Kanō Jigorō 1936.jpg|Kanō Jigorō, founder of Judo </gallery>Masako, Empress of Japan, attended UTokyo after finishing her first degree overseas, although she did not earn a degree from the university. The university's other recent connections with the Imperial family include Takahito, Prince Mikasa, younger brother of Emperor Hirohito, who studied archaeology; Fujimaro, Marquess of Tsukuba, a younger son of Kikumaro, Prince Yamashina, who studied Japanese literature.<ref>{{Cite web |title=University of Tokyo Student List: 1925-1927 (The National Diet Library Digital Collection) |url=https://dl.ndl.go.jp/pid/1448364/1/271 |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=dl.ndl.go.jp}}</ref> Additionally, Crown Prince Fumihito, and his daughter Princess Mako both worked at the University Museum at different times. King Birendra of Nepal also attended UTokyo but did not earn a degree.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2001-06-02 |title=Birendra: Nepal's monarch of change |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/1365485.stm |access-date=2024-07-23 |language=en-GB}}</ref> UTokyo was a preferred educational institution for members of the Japanese aristocracy before any form of peerage, with the exception of the Imperial family, was prohibited with the 1947 constitution. Duke Iemasa Tokugawa, 17th head of the House of Tokugawa, studied law at the university and led a career as a diplomat. Other members of the clan who attended the university include Marquess Yoshichika Tokugawa, who became active as a botanist and patron of arts and sciences later in his life, and Earl Muneyoshi Tokugawa, who was the primary promoter of forestation movements in Japan. Earl Yoriyasu Arima studied agriculture and later served as the Minister of Agriculture. The ''Arima Kinen'', the world's largest betting horse race, was named in his honour. Marquess Yoshi Hijikata, with his strong communist sympathies, fled to Soviet Russia and was deprived of his title on account of this. Another communist sympathiser among UTokyo's alumni, Hotsumi Ozaki, played a central role in Soviet espionage with Richard Sorge and was executed for high treason in 1944.

Chie Nakane, a social anthropologist, was one of the first nineteen female students matriculated at UTokyo in 1947, and she later became the first female professor in the university's history.<ref>{{Cite web |title="A hierarchical society could be beneficial for women" advises Chie Nakane, UTokyo's first female professor |url=https://news.yahoo.co.jp/feature/1354/ |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=Yahoo!ニュース |language=ja}}</ref> Hidesaburo Ueno, an agricultural scientist who studied and worked at the Faculty of Agriculture, is best known as the owner of the devoted dog Hachiko, who continued to wait for him for more than 9 years. Although the university is not particularly noted for athletics today, beginning with Yahiko Mishima, the first-ever Japanese Olympian who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics, 33 UTokyo students and alumni have competed in the Olympics.<ref>{{Cite web |title=日本選手第一号から1976モントリオール大会まで淡青色のオリンピアンたち｜オリパラと東大。 |url=https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/focus/ja/features/z1304_00073.html |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=東京大学 |language=ja}}</ref> Kusuo Kitamura, later a senior bureaucrat at the Ministry of Labour, won a gold medal in the Men's 1500 metre freestyle swimming in the 1932 Summer Olympics. Judo, now an Olympic sport, was created by Jigoro Kano in 1882, the year he graduated from UTokyo. He was also the central figure in Japan's successful bid to host the 1940 Summer Olympic Games, which had to be cancelled due to the Second World War.<ref>{{Cite web |title=オリンピックムーブメントと嘉納治五郎｜オリンピックを知る｜JOC - 日本オリンピック委員会 |url=https://www.joc.or.jp/olympism/history/kano/index.html |access-date=2024-07-23 |website=JOC - 日本オリンピック委員会 |language=ja}}</ref>

== See also == {{Portal|Tokyo}} * Earthquake engineering * Imperial College of Engineering * ''International Journal of Asian Studies'' – published in association with the Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia, University of Tokyo * Koishikawa Botanical Gardens * Nikko Botanical Garden * University of Tokyo Library * University Museum, University of Tokyo

== References == {{Reflist}}

== Further reading == * {{cite web |url= https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/08/11/reference/todai-still-beckons-nations-best-brightest-but-goals-diversifying/|title= Todai still beckons nation's best, brightest but goals diversifying|last= Kato|first= Mariko|date= 2009-08-11|website= |publisher= Japan Times|access-date= 2024-03-24|quote=}} * Kersten, Rikki. "The intellectual culture of postwar Japan and the 1968–1969 University of Tokyo Struggles: Repositioning the self in postwar thought." ''Social Science Japan Journal'' 12.2 (2009): 227–245. * Marshall, Byron K. ''Academic Freedom and the Japanese Imperial University, 1868–1939'' (University of California Press, 1992). * Takashi, Tachibana, and Richard H. Minear. ''Tokyo University and the War'' (2017), on world war II; [https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=history_oapubs online].

== External links == {{Commons}} * {{Official website|https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/en/index.html}}

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