Iloilo Customs House

{{Short description|Historical building and museum in Iloilo City, Philippines}} {{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}} {{Use American English|date=July 2022}} {{Infobox building | name = Iloilo Customs House | native_name = {{native name|es|Aduana de Iloílo}} | alternate_names = {{native name|hil|Adwana sang Iloilo}} | image = Aduana de Iloilo (Iloilo Customs House).jpg | image_caption = The façade facing the Iloilo River (2018) | address = Muelle Loney Street corner Aduana Street, Iloilo City Proper | location_town = Iloilo City | location_country = Philippines | coordinates = {{coord|10.694175|N|122.572146|E|dim:30_region:PH_type:landmark|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | status = Active | completion_date = 1916 | architect = Ralph Harrington Doane | map_type =   | pushpin_map_alt = Location in the Visayas#Location in the Philippines | building_type = Government building; museum | architectural_style = Neoclassical }} {{Infobox museum | name = Museum of Philippine Maritime History | native_name = {{native name|hil|Museo sang Kasaysayan sang Dagat sang Pilipinas}}<br/> {{native name|fil|Museo ng Kasaysayang Pandagat ng Pilipinas}} | native_name_lang = | logo = Museum of Philippine Maritime History logo.jpg | logo_upright = | logo_alt = Logo | logo_caption = Logo | image = Museum of Philippine Maritime History, Iloilo City (2).jpg | image_upright = | caption = Interior of the museum | alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_mapsize = | map_relief = | map_dot_label = | former_name =  | established = {{start date|2023}} | dissolved =  | location = Iloilo Customs House, Muelle Loney Street corner Aduana Street, Iloilo City Proper, Iloilo City, Philippines | coordinates = | type = Museum | accreditation = | key_holdings = | collections = | collection_size = | visitors = | founder = | executive_director = | director = | president = | ceo = | chairperson = | curator = | architect = | historian = | owner = National Historical Commission of the Philippines | employees = | public_transit = | parking =  | website =  | network = | embedded =  | leader_type = | leader = }}

The '''Iloilo Customs House''' ({{langx|es|Aduana de Iloílo}}; {{langx|hil|Adwana sang Iloilo}}) is a historic building in Iloilo City, Philippines. It was built in 1916<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2018-02-08 |title=NHCP turns over the completed restoration project for Customs House Building |url=https://nhcp.gov.ph/nhcp-turns-completed-restoration-project-customs-house-building/ |access-date=2022-07-10 |website=National Historical Commission of the Philippines |language=en-US}}</ref> to a design by American architect Ralph Harrington Doane, then Consulting Architect of the Bureau of Public Works in the Philippine Islands. Among the three American-era customs houses in the Philippines, it is the second largest (after Manila's) and second oldest (after Cebu's, now known as Malacañang sa Sugbo). The building is located at Muelle Loney Street and Aduana Street along the Iloilo River and still houses the offices of the Bureau of Customs and the Bureau of Immigration in Iloilo City.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=ExploreIloilo.com |title=Iloilo Customs House (Aduana) |url=https://www.exploreiloilo.com/do/info/iloilo-customs-house/ |access-date=2022-07-10 |website=Explore Iloilo |language=en-US}}</ref>

At present, the Iloilo Customs House houses the '''Museum of Philippine Maritime History''' ({{langx|hil|Museo sang Kasaysayan sang Dagat sang Pilipinas}}; {{langx|fil|Museo ng Kasaysayang Pandagat ng Pilipinas}}) of National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) at the ground floor and the office of Bureau of Customs at the upper ground floor.

== History == [[File:1975-NHI-Ang Daungan ng Iloilo.png|left|thumb|''Daungan ng Iloilo'' (Port of Iloilo) historical marker]] The Iloilo Customs House was built in 1916, during the American colonial period in the Philippines. It was then referred to as the ''Iloilo Customhouse'', completed with an original appropriation of ₱200,000, plus an additional appropriation of ₱33,000 in 1917.<ref name="archive.org">{{cite web |title=Bureau of Public Works Quarterly Bulletin, Vol. 6 No. 1, p. 13 |url=https://archive.org/details/quarterly-bulletin/page/n9/mode/2up |website=Internet Archive |access-date=21 December 2022}}</ref> It is the second custom house built by the Americans after the Cebu Customs House (now known as Malacañang sa Sugbo) of 1910.

Planning for the new custom house of the port of Iloilo started in 1913, with Consulting Architect William E. Parsons initially overseeing the project.<ref>{{cite web |title=Bureau of Public Works Quarterly Bulletin, Vol. 2 No. 4, p. 39 |url=https://archive.org/details/acw7643.0002.004.umich.edu/page/38/mode/2up |website=Internet Archive |access-date=21 December 2022}}</ref> The new building was to rise west from the old Spanish-era custom house near the river.

After the departure of Parsons in 1914, the new Consulting Architect George C. Fenhagen took over in the preparation of building plans. Vol. 4 No. 2 of the Bureau of Public Works Bulletin (July 1915) described the circumstances leading to its construction:<ref>{{cite web |title=Bureau of Public Works Quarterly Bulletin, Vol. 4 No. 2, p. 33 |url=https://archive.org/details/acw7643.0004.002.umich.edu/page/33/mode/2up?q=customhouse |website=Internet Archive |access-date=21 December 2022}}</ref>

:''The Consulting Architect has stated that plans for the customhouse will be, he hopes, finally completed about the 1st of August. The residents of Iloilo have become rather impatient for some evidence of this structure. Assurance has been given, however, that work will be started immediately upon the receipt of the plans and it is hoped that nothing further will prevent its being started at an early date.''

Ralph Harrington Doane replaced Fenhagen as Consulting Architect in 1916, and prepared the final architectural plans of the building. Doane was very critical of Parsons' work in the islands, and endeavored to improve the aesthetics i.e. ornamentation of public buildings. Among his oeuvre are the Pangasinan Provincial Capitol and the National Museum of Fine Arts (Manila).

In 2018, the building underwent rehabilitation by National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP).<ref name=":0" />

The building is currently after undergoing another rehabilitation for adaptive reuse, houses the Museum of Philippine Maritime History by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines which opened on January 13, 2023. It is the third thematic history museum in the Visayas after the NHCP Museum of Philippine Political History and Presidential Gallery in Cebu City and the NHCP Museum of Philippine Economic History, also in Iloilo City.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lena |first=Perla |date=2022-11-28 |title=Iloilo's Jaro belfry rings again after 74 years |work=Philippine News Agency |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1189582 |access-date=2022-12-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-08 |title=[Ilonggo Notes] Why Iloilo should be the museum capital of the Philippines |url=https://www.rappler.com/voices/thought-leaders/ilonggo-notes-why-iloilo-museum-capital-philippines/ |access-date=2022-12-02 |website=RAPPLER |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Architecture == thumb|Façade of the customs house, featuring its neoclassical architecture The architectural style of the Iloilo Customs House is neoclassical, with a dominant central tower. The Manila Customs House, designed by Juan Arellano and constructed towards the end of the American colonial period, is a more ornate version.<ref name=":1" />

Filipino architect Tomas Mapua is often erroneously credited for its design, although he only entered service in the Bureau of Public Works in 1917, when the building was already substantially completed, and as an assisting architect (together with Juan Arellano) to the new Consulting Architect, Ralph Harrington Doane.<ref name="archive.org"/>

== References == {{Reflist}}

== External links == * {{Commons category-inline}}

Category:Neoclassical architecture in the Philippines Category:Buildings and structures in Iloilo City Proper Category:Tourist attractions in Iloilo City Category:Government buildings in the Philippines Category:Museums in Iloilo City Category:History museums in the Philippines Category:Maritime museums Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1916