{{Infobox royalty | name = Ili-Ishar<br>{{nobold|{{cuneiform|𒀭𒄿𒊬}}}} | image = Brick with inscription of Ili-Ishar, March 1935.jpg | caption = Brick with inscription of "Ili-Ishar, Shakkanakku of Mari", commemorating a canal-building project<ref>{{cite book |last1=Leick |first1=Gwendolyn |title=Who's Who in the Ancient Near East |date=2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-78795-1 |page=94 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3A2GAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT94 |language=en}}</ref> | death_date = c. 2072 BC | spouse = | father = [[Apil-kin]] | reign = c. 2085 - c. 2072 BC | predecessor = [[Iddi-ilum]] | successor = [[Tura-Dagan]] | dynasty = [[Shakkanakku]] dynasty | succession = [[List of kings of Mari|King of Mari]] }} {{Location map | Near East | width = 260px | float = right | border = | caption = Location of Mari | alt = | relief = yes | AlternativeMap = | overlay_image = | label = Mari | label_size = | position = | background = | mark = | marksize = | link = | lat_deg = 34.549444 | lon_deg = 40.89 }} '''Ili-Ishar''', also '''Ilum-Ishar''' ({{cuneiform|𒀭𒄿𒊬}}, ''Il<sub>3</sub>-Ishar''; died {{Circa}} 2072 BC), was a ruler of the city of [[Mari, Syria|Mari]], northern [[Mesopotamia]], after the fall of [[Akkadian Empire|Akkad]] c. 2085-2072 BCE.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Leick |first1=Gwendolyn |title=Who's Who in the Ancient Near East |date=2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-78795-1 |page=78 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3A2GAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT36 |language=en}}</ref> His father was [[Apil-kin]], and his brother was [[Tura-Dagan]], who succeeded him.<ref name="GL">{{cite book |last1=Leick |first1=Gwendolyn |title=Who's Who in the Ancient Near East |date=2002 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-78796-8 |page=168 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nAGFAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA168 |language=en}}</ref>
He held the title of [[Shakkanakku]] (military governor), which was borne by all the princes of a dynasty who reigned at [[Mari, Syria|Mari]] in the late third millennium and early second millennium BC. These kings were the descendants of the military governors appointed by the kings of [[Akkad (city)|Akkad]].<ref>Louvre. "The Statuette of Iddi-Ilum," Department of Near Eastern Antiquities: Mesopotamia. Accessed December 1, 2014. http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/statuette-iddi-ilum {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216193353/http://www.louvre.fr/en/oeuvre-notices/statuette-iddi-ilum |date=2015-02-16 }}</ref> He was contemporary of the [[Third Dynasty of Ur]], and probably their vassal.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Unger |first1=Merrill F. |title=Israel and the Aramaeans of Damascus: A Study in Archaeological Illumination of Bible History |date=2014 |publisher=Wipf and Stock Publishers |isbn=978-1-62564-606-4 |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qw6vCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA5 |language=en}}</ref>
Several brick inscriptions in the name of Ili-Ishar have been found in Mari, describing the building of a canal:
{{blockquote|"Ilum-išar, šakkanakku of Mari, made the Ḫubur go down to Bāb-Mēr"|Mari inscriptions of Ili-Ishar.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Loisel |first1=Anne-Caroline Rendu |title=Ilum-Isar et Apil-Kin, deux nouvelles inscriptions de Mari/Tell Hariri |journal=In L. Feliu / J. Llop / A. Millet Alba / J. Sanmartin (Ed), Time and History in the Ancient Near East, Proceedings of Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale 56, Barcelone, Juillet 2010, Pp.633-643 |url=https://www.academia.edu/3891160 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=THUREAU-DANGIN |first1=F. |title=TEXTES DE MÂRI |journal=Revue d'Assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale |date=1936 |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=177–179 |jstor=23284100 |issn=0373-6032}}</ref>}}
On some of his inscriptions, Ili-Ishar uses the title ''dannum''' ("the Great") in front of his function ''[[Shakkanakku]]'' ("Military Governor"), a practice which is first attested at Mari from the inscriptions of Apil-Kin, and was initially introduced by [[Naram-Sin of Akkad|Naram-Sin]] of [[Akkadian Empire|Akkad]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Loisel |first1=Anne-Caroline Rendu |page=649|title=Ilum-Isar et Apil-Kin, deux nouvelles inscriptions de Mari/Tell Hariri |journal=In L. Feliu / J. Llop / A. Millet Alba / J. Sanmartin (Ed), Time and History in the Ancient Near East, Proceedings of Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale 56, Barcelone, Juillet 2010, Pp.633-643 |url=https://www.academia.edu/3891160 |language=en}}</ref>
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4"> File:Brick with inscription of Ili-Ishar Shakkanakku Mari-ki.jpg|Inscription "Ili-Ishar Shakkanakku Mari-ki" ({{cuneiform|𒀭𒄿𒊬 𒄊𒀴 𒈠𒌷𒆠}}, "Ili-Ishar, Military Governor of Mari") on the brick File:Inscriptions of Ilum-Ishar, excavated in Mari.jpg|Inscriptions of Ilum-Ishar, excavated in Mari </gallery>
{{s-start}} {{s-hou||||2100 BCE||name=Ili-Ishar of [[Mari, Syria|Mari]]}} {{S-reg}} {{s-bef | before = [[Iddi-ilum]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[List of kings of Mari|King of Mari]] | years = c. 2085 - c. 2072 BC }} {{s-aft | after = [[Tura-Dagan]] }} {{s-end}}
==References== {{reflist}}
[[Category:21st-century BC monarchs]] [[Category:Kings of Mari]] [[Category:3rd-millennium BC births]] [[Category:21st-century BC deaths]]