{{Infobox royalty | name = Iku-Shamagan<br>{{nobold|{{cuneiform|𒄿𒆪𒀭𒊭𒈠𒃶}}}} | image = Iku-Shamagan - Mari - Temple of Ninni-Zaza (retouched).jpg | reign = c. 2500 BC | caption = Statue of Iku-Shamagan, Temple of Ninni-Zaza, Mari.<ref name="Handbuch der Orientalistik">{{cite book |last1=Spycket |first1=Agnès |title=Handbuch der Orientalistik |date=1981 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-06248-1 |pages=87–89 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA87 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parrot |first1=André |title=Les fouilles de Mari Huitième campagne (automne 1952) |journal=Syria |date=1953 |volume=30 |issue=3/4 |pages=196–221 |doi=10.3406/syria.1953.4901 |jstor=4196708 |issn=0039-7946}}</ref> [[National Museum of Damascus]] | succession = [[List of kings of Mari|King of Mari]] | predecessor = Possibly [[Ikun-Shamash]] | successor = Possibly [[Ishqi-Mari]] }} {{Location map | Near East | width = 260px | float = right | border = | caption = Location of Mari | alt = | relief = yes | AlternativeMap = | overlay_image = | label = Mari | label_size = | position = top | background = | mark = | marksize = | link = | lat_deg = 34.549444 | lon_deg = 40.89 }} '''Iku-Shamagan''' ({{cuneiform|𒄿𒆪𒀭𒊭𒈠𒃶}}, ''i-ku-<sup>[[Dingir|D]]</sup>[[Šumugan|sha-ma-gan]],'' {{fl.|{{circa}} 2500 BC}})<ref name="CDLI-Archival View">{{cite web |title=CDLI-Archival View |url=https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P431174 |website=cdli.ucla.edu}}</ref><ref name="ML">{{cite journal |last1=LAMBERT |first1=Maurice |title=Les inscriptions des temples d'Ishtarat et de Ninni-zaza |journal=Revue d'Assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale |date=1970 |volume=64 |issue=2 |pages=168–171 |jstor=23283417 |issn=0373-6032}}</ref> was a King of the second [[Mari, Syria#The second kingdom|Mariote]] kingdom. He is one of three Mari kings known from archaeology, [[Ikun-Shamash]] probably being the oldest one.<ref name="AS"/> Another king was [[Ishqi-Mari]], also known from an inscribed statue.<ref>{{cite book |title=Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus |date=2003 |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |isbn=978-1-58839-043-1 |page=148 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8l9X_3rHFdEC&pg=PA148 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Spycket |first1=Agnès |title=Handbuch der Orientalistik |date=1981 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-06248-1 |page=88 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA88|language=fr}}</ref><ref name="Hamblin">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S88UAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA16|title= Who Were the Amorites|author= Alfred Haldar|page= 16|year=1971}}</ref>
In their inscriptions, these Mari kings used the [[Akkadian language]], whereas their contemporaries to the south used the [[Sumerian language]].<ref name="AS">{{cite book |last1=Spycket |first1=Agnès |title=Handbuch der Orientalistik |date=1981 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-06248-1 |page=86 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA86 |language=fr}}</ref>
==Vase== A vase mentioning Iku-Shamagan "in an early semitic dialect" is also known:<ref>{{cite book |last1=Margueron |first1=Jean-Claude |title=Akh Purattim 2 |date=2018 |publisher=MOM Éditions |isbn=978-2-35668-183-6 |page=86 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BPyADwAAQBAJ&pg=PA86 |language=fr}}</ref><ref name="AFC">{{cite book |title=Art of the First Cities: The Third Millennium B.C. from the Mediterranean to the Indus |date=2003 |publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art |isbn=978-1-58839-043-1 |pages=155–156 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8l9X_3rHFdEC&pg=PA155 |language=en}}</ref>
{{blockquote|"For Iku-Shamagan, king of Mari, Shuweda the cup-bearer, son of ... the merchant, dedicated this vessel to the river god and [[Ishtarat]]"|Vessel inscription.<ref name="AFC"/><ref name="CDLI-Archival View">{{cite web |title=CDLI-Archival View |url=https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P431174 |website=cdli.ucla.edu}}</ref>}}
==Statue== Iku-Shamagan is known from a statue with inscription, discovered by [[André Parrot]] in 1952.<ref name="AS"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parrot |first1=André |title=Les fouilles de Mari. Huitième campagne (automne 1952) |journal=Syria. Archéologie, Art et Histoire |date=1953 |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=196–221 |doi=10.3406/syria.1953.4901 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/syria_0039-7946_1953_num_30_3_4901}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parrot |first1=André |title=Les fouilles de Mari Huitième campagne (automne 1952) |journal=Syria |date=1953 |volume=30 |issue=3/4 |pages=Plates XXI-XXII |doi=10.3406/syria.1953.4901 |jstor=4196708 |issn=0039-7946}}</ref> The statue, in the [[National Museum of Damascus]], was restored by the [[Louvre Museum]] in 2011.<ref name="Louvre">{{cite journal |title=Louvre Recherche Scientifique |date=2011 |pages=180–181 |url=https://www.louvre.fr/sites/default/files/medias/medias_fichiers/fichiers/pdf/louvre-recherche-scientifique-louvre-rs2011_3.pdf |access-date=2020-04-07 |archive-date=2020-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020005358/https://www.louvre.fr/sites/default/files/medias/medias_fichiers/fichiers/pdf/louvre-recherche-scientifique-louvre-rs2011_3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Iku-Shamagan's votive statue was dedicated through an inscription on the back of the statue:<ref name="Louvre"/>
{{blockquote|[[File:Iku-Shamagan inscription.jpg|300px]]<br>{{cuneiform|𒄿𒆪𒀭𒊭𒈠𒃶 / 𒈗𒈠𒌷𒆠 / 𒀋 / 𒊕𒂅 / 𒊨𒋤 / 𒀭𒈹𒍝𒍝 / 𒊕𒄸𒁺}}<br> ''i-ku-<sup>[[Dingir|D]]</sup>sha-ma-gan / lugal ma-ri2<sup>ki</sup> / abba2 / sa12du5 / dul3su3 / <sup>[[Dingir|D]]</sup>MUSZ3xZA.ZA / sa12rig9''<br> "Of Iku-Shamagan, king of Mari, his surveyor has dedicated the statue to Ninni-zaza"|Inscription on the statue of Iku-Shamagan<ref name="ML"/><ref>{{cite web |title=CDLI-Archival View |url=https://cdli.ucla.edu/search/archival_view.php?ObjectID=P225858 |website=cdli.ucla.edu}}</ref>}}
The statue was discovered in Mari, in the Temple Ninni-zaza.<ref name="Louvre"/>
The statue was heavily damaged during the conquest by the armies of the [[Akkadian Empire|Akkad]] around 2300 BC.<ref name="Louvre"/><ref>Statue of Iku-Shamagan at time of discovery {{cite web |title=Mission Archéologique de Mari. Volume III only : Les Temples D'Ishtarat et de Ninni-Zaza by PARROT André on Meretseger Books |url=https://www.meretsegerbooks.com/pages/books/M4039c/parrot-andre/mission-archeologique-de-mari-volume-iii-only-les-temples-dishtarat-et-de-ninni-zaza |website=Meretseger Books }}{{Dead link|date=September 2024 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
<gallery widths="200px" heights="200px" perrow="4"> File:Asma al-Assad and Marisa Leticia.jpg|[[Asma al-Assad]] and [[Marisa Leticia]] looking at the statue of Iku-Shamagan in the [[National Museum of Damascus]] Iku-Shamagan - Mari - Temple of Ninni-Zaza (front and side).jpg|Statue of Iku-Shamagan with votive inscription on the back of the right shoulder.<ref name="Handbuch der Orientalistik">{{cite book |last1=Spycket |first1=Agnès |title=Handbuch der Orientalistik |date=1981 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=978-90-04-06248-1 |pages=87–89 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=idYUAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA87 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Parrot |first1=André |title=Les fouilles de Mari Huitième campagne (automne 1952) |journal=Syria |date=1953 |volume=30 |issue=3/4 |pages=196–221 |doi=10.3406/syria.1953.4901 |jstor=4196708 |issn=0039-7946}}</ref> [[National Museum of Damascus]] Iku-Shamagan - Mari - Temple of Ninni-Zaza (portrait).jpg|Iku-Shamagan (detail) </gallery>
{{s-start}} {{s-hou||||||name=King Iku-Shamagan of [[Mari, Syria|Mari]]}} {{S-reg}} {{s-bef | before = Possibly [[Ikun-Shamash]] }} {{s-ttl | title = [[Mari, Syria#Kings of Mari|King of Mari]] | years = c. 2500 BC }} {{s-aft | after = Possibly [[Ishqi-Mari]] }} {{s-end}}
==Citations== {{reflist|2}}
[[Category:Kings of Mari]] [[Category:26th-century BC monarchs]] [[Category:25th-century BC monarchs]] [[Category:3rd-millennium BC births]] [[Category:3rd-millennium BC deaths]]