{{Short description|British politician and philanthropist}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}} {{Use British English|date=November 2014}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Ida Copeland | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|size=100%|country=GBR|FRSA}} | image = Ida copeland.jpg | image_size = | constituency_MP1 = Stoke-on-Trent, Stoke division | prime_minister1 = Stanley Baldwin | term_start1 = 27 October 1931 | term_end1 = 13 November 1935 | majority1 = 6,654 votes | predecessor1 = Cynthia Mosley | successor1 = Ellis Smith | birth_date = 15 April 1881<ref>''New York, Passenger Lists, 1820-1957''</ref> | birth_place = Florence, Tuscany, Kingdom of Italy | death_date = {{dda|1964|6|29|1875|4|14|df=y}} | death_place = Battle, Sussex, England | spouse = Richard Ronald John Copeland | party = Conservative | occupation = Envoy, politician | birth_name = Ida Fenzi }}
'''Ida Copeland''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR-cats|FRSA}} (''née'' '''Fenzi'''; 15 April 1881 – 29 June 1964) was an Anglo-Italian British politician. She was active in social welfare both locally and nationally, particularly the Girl Guides, and was one of the earliest women to enter Parliament, sitting as Conservative MP for Stoke from 1931 to 1935.<ref name="times">{{cite news |title=Mrs. Ida Copeland |work=The Times |page=10 |date=11 July 1964}}</ref>
==Family and early life== Ida was born in Florence, Tuscany, the daughter of Italian ''Cavalier'' Camillo Fenzi (1852–1883), and his English wife, Evelyne Isabella, daughter of Sir Douglas Strutt Galton and Marianne (''née'' Nicholson), a first cousin of Florence Nightingale, who were married in 1875. Ida was the great-granddaughter of ''Cavalier'' Emanuele Fenzi, Senator of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and banker (Banco Fenzi), granddaughter of ''Cavalier'' Sebastiano Fenzi and his wife, Emily Verity.<ref>Verity Family Records, Glamorgan Archives D/DXcb and DXBT</ref>
On the death of her father, she and her brother Leone inherited the Villa di Rusciano designed by Brunelleschi for the Dukes of Urbino. Copeland grew up in Italy and moved to England at the end of the 19th century.<ref name="times"/> In 1898, her mother married Leonard Daneham Cunliffe, an influential London financier, brother of Walter Cunliffe Governor of the Bank of England, President of the Hudson's Bay Company and one of the major investors in the Harrods department stores.<ref>[http://www.hbc.com/hbcheritage/history/people/governors/article.asp?article=38 Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) profile]</ref>
[[File:Silk dress belonging to Ida Copeland.jpg|thumb|Silk dress belonging to Ida Copeland on display at Lotherton Hall, Leeds]] On 28 July 1915, Ida Fenzi wed Ronald Copeland (1884–1958)<ref>D. J. Jeremy, ed., ''Dictionary of Business Biography'', 5 vols. (1984–86)</ref><ref>J. Burke, ''A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland'', 4 vols. (1833–38); new edn as ''A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain and Ireland'', 3 vols. [1843–49]</ref><ref>''Who Was Who'' (1900–1958)</ref> of Staffordshire, grandson of William Taylor Copeland,<ref>P.A. Halfpenny, ed., ''Spode-Copeland, 1733–1983: potters to the royal family since 1806'' (1983) [exhibition catalogue, City Museum and Art Gallery, Stoke-on-Trent, 1983]</ref> Lord Mayor of London,<ref>A. B. Beaven, ed., ''The Aldermen of the City of London, temp. Henry III–[1912]'', 2 volumes (1908–13)</ref> president and chairman of the Spode-Copeland firm of bone china manufacturers in Staffordshire, potters to the royal family since 1806.
==Girl Guides== Copeland was an active participant in the success of the Girl Guides, and was a member of the International Council of Girl Guides from 1920 to 1928 and from 1940 to 1948. Throughout her life she was dedicated to all forms of social and welfare causes. Funding and campaigning alongside Baden-Powell for the development of the Girl Guide movement, she served as a division commissioner for the north-west of the county from 1918. Her husband Ronald was a county commissioner for the Boy Scout Association. Later the Copeland family donated the Kibblestone Hall Estate<ref>Stone Hist. and Civic Soc. No., PT00389</ref> to the Staffordshire Scouting Movement to be used as a Scout camp.
==Elected as MP== Elected chairman of the Stoke division of the Women's Unionist Association<ref>''The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography''</ref> in 1920, she was chosen as Conservative candidate for the Stoke division of Stoke-on-Trent in 1931 for the general election. Copeland faced Sir Oswald Mosley – leader of the New Party – amongst the opposing candidates, but her popularity and involvement in local politics and welfare proved fruitful. Mosley maintained strong connections with the Nazi Party in Germany. His wife Lady Cynthia Mosley had won Stoke for Labour at the 1929 election.<ref>Robert Skidelsky, ''Oswald Mosley'' (1990)</ref> Although Mosley spent less than a week campaigning in the constituency, directing his efforts instead at a national campaign, he met enthusiastic support there, especially amongst younger voters. However, the electoral tide ran in Copeland's favour. Her husband's position as a leading china manufacturer in the Potteries, and her "moderate and straightforward appeal", won her an audience even outside factory gates.<ref>''The Times'', 23 October 1931</ref> She won by an impressive majority of 6,654 votes. She was the 25th woman to be elected to the House of Commons.<ref>photograph, repro. in ''The Times'' (29 October 1931)</ref>
In May 1932, Copeland made her maiden speech on import duties, which she approached "entirely from the point of view of the pottery industry".<ref>Hansard 5C, vol. 265, col. 1204</ref> It was an industry under threat from foreign competition and she welcomed the protection that tariffs afforded. She believed that overseas manufacturers paid starvation wages to their workers, and it was with a critical eye on the opposition benches that she asked:<blockquote>"Can we allow goods manufactured under those conditions to come into this country and lower the standard of living of our own people? I say 'no', and I firmly believe that, if we raise these tariffs, the time will come when our industry will be on its feet again."<ref>Hansard 5C, vol. 265, col. 1206</ref><ref>Hansard 5C Parliamentary debates, Commons, 5th ser. (1909)</ref></blockquote>
She made another plea for protection of the china industry in December 1933 after reports that Australian and New Zealand markets were being flooded by cheap Japanese goods, including skilful imitations of British wares: "the competition is so severe that it threatens to sweep the English Potteries right out of those countries".<ref>Hansard 5C, vol. 283, col. 1790</ref> She wanted the British government to compel the Dominion governments, in their own interests as much as in Britain's, to take action to prevent this "dumping". This was, however, a sensitive matter, and the official response was sympathetic without being specific.<br /> After the war, in 1947, she became godmother to Dorothy Crisp's daughter Elizabeth; Crisp was a right-wing English political figure, writer and publisher.<br />
==Ancestry== {{ahnentafel |collapsed=yes |align=center 2 |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. '''Ida Fenzi''', b 1875, d 1964 m '''Richard Ronald John Copeland Esq''' |2= 2. Cav. Camillo Emanuele Arturo Carlo Sebastiano Fenzi of Palazzo Fenzi, b 1852, d 1883 |3= 3. Lady Evelyne Isabella Strutt Galton, b 1853, d 1938 |4= 4. Cav. Sebastiano Fenzi, b 1822, d 1901 |5= 5. Emily Verity |6= 6. Sir Douglas Strutt Galton KCB FRS, b 1822, d 1899 |7= 7. Lady Marianne Nicholson |8= 8. Cav. Emanuele Fenzi of Palazzo Fenzi, b 1784, d 1875 |9= 9. Countess Ernesta Paffetta dei Lamberti, b 1801, d 1869 |10= 10. Abraham Verity |11= 11. Catherine Jenkins |12= 12. John Howard Galton of Hadzor House, b 1794, d 1862 |13= 13. Isabella Strutt, b 1797, d 1877 |14= 14. George Thomas Nicholson of Waverley Abbey |15= 15. Ann Elisebeth Smith |16= 16. Cav. Jacobo Orazio Fenzi |17= 17. Luisa Bardini, b 1767, d 1849 |18= 18. Count Luigi Lamberti |19= 19. Eleonora Disperati |24= 24. Lucy Barclay of Urie |25= 25. Samuel "John" Galton Jr. FRS of Duddeston House, b 1753, d 1832 |26= 26. Joseph Strutt Esq. of '''St Helen's House, Derby''', b 1765, d 1844 |27= 27. Isabella Archibald Douglas, b 1769, d 1802 |28= 28. Samuel Nicholson, b 1738 |29= 29. Mary Haydon |30= 30. William Smith M.P., b 1756, d 1835 |31= 31. Frances Coape, b 1758, d 1840 }}
==Accomplishments== *Served on the International Council of Girl Guides from 1920 to 1928 and in 1940. *Division Commissioner for N.W. Staffordshire Division of Girl Guides from 1918. *Chairman of Stoke Division Women's Unionist Association, 1920. *Chairman of the Staffordshire Anglo Polish Society 1943-. *President of the Staffordshire Allotment Holders Association in 1948-. *President of the Women's Advisory Council, Truro Division 1955. *MStJ: Sister of Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem, 1949.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=38503 |date=4 January 1949 |page=82}}</ref> *Polish Gold Cross of Merit, 1952. *Donor of the Trelissick Gardens Estate to the National Trust in 1955.<ref>R. Fedden and R. Joekes, The National Trust guide (1973)</ref>
==References== {{reflist|2}}
==External links== {{Commons category}} *{{Hansard-contribs | mrs-ida-copeland | Ida Copeland}}
{{s-start}} {{s-par|uk}} {{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Stoke | years = 1931–1935 | before = Cynthia Mosley | after = Ellis Smith }} {{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Copeland, Ida}} Category:1881 births Category:1964 deaths Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies Category:UK MPs 1931–1935 Category:Female members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies Category:Italian emigrants to the United Kingdom Category:Italian people of English descent Category:20th-century British women politicians Category:20th-century English women politicians Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Arts