Icebreakers of Russia

{{Short description|none}} thumb|The first Soviet nuclear-powered icebreaker, ''Lenin'' There is a disagreement as to whether the Russia first "true" icebreaker was ''Pilot'' (manufactured in Great Britain in 1862, whose ice-breaking capabilities were enhanced in Russia in 1864) or genuinely first 1898 Arctic ice-faring icebreaker ''Yermak''.<ref name=gangut>{{cite journal|journal=Гангут|url=https://dzen.ru/a/YN8LAx0rw3sYK4FU|author=Понкратов Д. В., Мартинес Х. П.|title=Как выглядел "Пайлот"?|year=2020|language=Russian|issue=120|pages=3–12|issn=2218-7553}}</ref>

==Classification== [[File:Tor icebreaker (2225296).jpg|thumb|Russian port icebreaker ''Tor'' in the ice-covered port of Sabetta]] In Russia, icebreakers are classified in several ways, according to different criteria:<ref>[https://neftegaz.ru/tech-library/suda-neftegazovye-i-morskoe-oborudovanie-dlya-bureniya/887366-ledokol/ Ледокол]</ref><ref name=regbook>[https://web.archive.org/web/20120703113714/http://www.rs-head.spb.ru/ru/regbook/read_me_m.pdf Классификация Российского морского регистра судоходства] (Classification of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping)</ref> *By purpose **Leader icebreakers: The most powerful icebreakers that head ship caravans **Line icebreakers: For guiding and towing of ships on sea routes, for freeing ice-stuck ships **Auxiliary icebreakers: for work in ports, river mouths, and for emergency rescue operations *By ice passability: **heavy icebreakers can break through ice up to 2 m thick **medium icebreakers, for ice from 1 to 1.5 m thick **light icebreakers, for ice less than 1 m thick *By power type: **Steam engine; obsolete, unused **Diesel-electric engine; the most common type **Nuclear-powered icebreakers *By operating method **Ice-cutting. These ships existed in 19th-20th centuries, and for them the term {{ill|icecutter|lt="icecutter"|ru|Ледорез (судно)}} was used in Russia<ref name=dobro>[http://lexicon.dobrohot.org/index.php/ЛЕДОРЕЗ ЛЕДОРЕЗ], citing Военно-морской словарь. — Moscow, 1990.</ref> **Ice-breaking *By operational area **River icebreakers **Marine icebreakers **Port icebreakers

The official classification of a particular vessel may be found in the database of the Russian Maritime Register of Shipping.<ref name=regbook/>

The following lists include icebreakers owned and/or operated by either governmental or commercial entities. Ships known to be currently in service are presented in '''bold'''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://portal.fma.fi/sivu/www/baltice/jaanmurtajalista.pdf |title=THE WORLD ICEBREAKER AND ICEBREAKING SUPPLY VESSEL FLEET |author=Ilmari Aro |date=17 November 2008 |publisher=Baltic Icebreaking Management |accessdate=7 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195209/http://portal.fma.fi/sivu/www/baltice/jaanmurtajalista.pdf |archivedate=29 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>[http://www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg552/docs/MAJOR%20ICEBREAKERS%20Chart.pdf Major icebreakers of the world]. USCG Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy. {{retrieved | accessdate=2012-11-25}}</ref>

== Nuclear-powered icebreakers == [[Image:NSF picture of Yamal.gif|thumb|Russian nuclear-powered icebreaker {{ship||Yamal|icebreaker|2}}]] The following ships are nuclear-powered icebreakers; * {{ship||Lenin|nuclear icebreaker|2}} (1959–1989; museum ship in Murmansk) * {{sclass|Arktika|icebreaker|4}} ** {{ship||Arktika|1972 nuclear icebreaker|2}} (1975–2008; ex-''Leonid Brezhnev'', ex-''Arktika''; decommissioned)<ref name="sibir_scrap">[http://bellona.org/news/nuclear-issues/nuclear-russia/2016-11-russia-prepared-to-dismantle-first-nuclear-icebreaker-ever Russia prepares to dismantle first nuclear icebreaker ever]. Bellona, 14 November 2016. {{retrieved|accessdate=2016-11-16}}</ref> ** {{ship||Sibir|1977 nuclear icebreaker|2}} (1977–1992; decommissioned)<ref name="sibir_scrap" /> ** {{ship||Rossiya|1983 icebreaker|2}} (1985–2013; decommissioned)<ref name="sibir_scrap" /><ref>[http://bellona.org/news/arctic/russian-nuclear-icebreakers-fleet/2013-04-russian-nuclear-icebreaker-rossiya-taking-last-voyage-along-norways-coast Russian nuclear icebreaker Rossiya taking last voyage along Norway’s coast]. Bellona, 11 April 2013. {{retrieved|accessdate=2016-11-16}}</ref> ** {{ship||Sovetskiy Soyuz|icebreaker|2}} (1990–2014; decommissioned)<ref>[http://archive.rosatom.ru/en/areas_of_activity/non_energy_businesses/nuclear_icebreakers/ Northern Sea Route]. Rosatom. {{retrieved|accessdate=2016-12-20}}</ref><ref>[https://life.ru/t/%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%25D0%25BC%25D0%25B8%25D1%258F/948999/rosatomflot_nachal_protsiess_utilizatsii_atomnykh_liedokolov "Росатомфлот" начал процесс утилизации атомных ледоколов]. ''Life'', 19 December 2016. {{retrieved|accessdate=2016-12-20}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Yamal|icebreaker|2}}''' (1992–) ** '''{{ship||50 Let Pobedy}}''' (2007–) * ''Taymyr'' class ** '''{{ship||Taymyr|1987 icebreaker|2}}''' (1989–) ** '''{{ship||Vaygach|nuclear icebreaker|2}}''' (1990–) * Project 22220 ** '''{{ship||Arktika|2016 icebreaker|2}}''' (2020–)<ref name="sudostroenie_21oct2020">{{cite web|title=На ледоколе "Арктика" поднят российский флаг|language=ru|url=http://sudostroenie.info/novosti/31504.html|publisher=Sudostroenie.info|date=21 October 2020|accessdate=21 October 2020}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Sibir|2017 icebreaker|2}}''' (2021–)<ref name="delivery_sibir">{{cite web|url=https://en.portnews.ru/news/323194/|title=Baltiysky Zavod shipyard delivers Sibir, first serial icebreaker of Project 22220, to Atomflot|publisher=PortNews|date=24 December 2021|accessdate=24 December 2021}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Ural|icebreaker|2}}''' (2022–)<ref name="delivery_ural">{{cite web|url=https://sudostroenie.info/novosti/37897.html|title=На ледоколе "Урал" прошла церемония поднятия флага|language=ru|publisher=Sudostroenie.info|date=22 November 2022|accessdate=22 November 2022}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Yakutiya|icebreaker|2}}''' (2024–)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://portnews.ru/news/372048/|title=На построенном ОСК атомном ледоколе "Якутия" поднят государственный флаг|language=ru|date=28 December 2024|access-date=28 December 2024}}</ref> ** {{ship||Chukotka|icebreaker|2}} (2026– (planned); under construction)<ref name="keel_5th">{{cite web|url=https://portnews.ru/news/306350/|title=Балтзавод заложил атомоход проекта 22220 "Чукотка"|language=ru|publisher=PortNews|date=16 December 2020|accessdate=16 December 2020}}</ref> ** {{ship||Leningrad|2028 icebreaker|2}} (2028– (planned); under construction)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://paluba.media/news/67897|title=Пятый серийный атомный ледокол проекта 22220 получит название «Ленинград»|language=ru|website=Media Paluba|date=19 January 2024|accessdate=19 January 2024}}</ref> ** {{ship||Stalingrad|icebreaker|2}} (2030– (planned); under construction)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://neftegaz.ru/news/Suda-i-sudostroenie/888245-na-baltiyskom-zavode-nachata-rezka-metalla-dlya-universalnogo-atomnogo-ledokola-stalingrad-proekta-2/|title=На Балтийском заводе начата резка металла для универсального атомного ледокола Сталинград проекта 22220|trans-title=Metal cutting for the universal nuclear icebreaker Stalingrad of Project 22220 has begun at the Baltic Shipyard|website=Neftegaz.ru|date=7 May 2025|accessdate=7 May 2025|language=ru}}</ref> * Project 10510 ** {{ship||Rossiya|2030 icebreaker|2}} (2030– (planned); under construction)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/6713099|title=Срок выпуска атомного ледокола «Россия» сдвинули на 2030 год|language=ru|trans-title=The release date of the nuclear-powered icebreaker Rossiya has been pushed back to 2030|website=Kommersant|date=20 May 2024|accessdate=20 May 2024}}</ref>

== Diesel-powered icebreakers ==  thumb|Icebreaker {{ship||Kapitan Khlebnikov}} in Vladivostok The following ships are/were fitted with diesel engines for powering their propulsion; * {{sclass2|Wind|icebreaker|4}} ** ''Severny Veter'' (1944–1951; ex-USCGC ''Staten Island''; returned to the United States) ** ''Severniy Polyus'' (1945–1951; ex-USS ''Westwind''; returned to the United States) ** ''Admiral Makarov'' (1945–1949; ex-USCGC ''Southwind''; returned to the United States) * ''Kapitan Belousov'' class ** {{ship||Kapitan Belousov}} (1954–1991; sold to Ukraine)<ref name="belousov">{{csr|register=MSI|id=5181598|shipname=Kapitan Belousov|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> ** {{ship||Kapitan Voronin}} (1955–1996; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=MSI|id=5181689|shipname=Kapitan Voronin|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> ** {{ship||Kapitan Melekhov}} (1956–1994; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=MSI|id=5181639|shipname=Kapitan Meheklov|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> * ''Moskva'' class ** {{ship||Moskva|1959 icebreaker|2}} (1959–1998; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=MSI|id=5242495|shipname=Moskva|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> ** {{ship||Leningrad|1959 icebreaker|2}} (1960–1993; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=MSI|id=5206104|shipname=Leningrad|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> ** {{ship||Kiev|icebreaker|2}} (1965–1993; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=MSI|id=6424040|shipname=Kiev|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> ** {{ship||Murmansk|1968 icebreaker|2}} (1968–1995; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=MSI|id=6723678|shipname=Murmansk|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> ** {{ship||Vladivostok|1969 icebreaker|2}} (1969–1997; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=MSI|id=6822786|shipname=Vladivostok|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> * Civilian variants of {{sclass|Dobrynya Nikitich|icebreaker|4}} (Project 97A) ** {{ship||Vasiliy Pronchishchev|icebreaker|2}} (1961–1989; ex-''Ledokol-1''; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/16159/|title=Василий Прончищев|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** {{ship||Afanasy Nikitin|icebreaker|2}} (1962–1992; ex-''Ledokol-2''; passed over to Ukraine)<ref name="afanasy">{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/16160/|title=Афанасий Никитин|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** {{ship||Khariton Laptev|icebreaker|2}} (1962–1996; ex-''Ledokol-3''; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/15792/|title=Харитон Лаптев|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** {{ship||Vasiliy Poyarkov|icebreaker|2}} (1963–1988; ex-''Ledokol-4''; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/16161/|title=Пояр|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** {{ship||Yerofey Khabarov|icebreaker|2}} (1963–1993; ex-''Ledokol-5''; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/16163/|title=Ерофей Хабаров|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Ivan Kruzenstern|icebreaker|2}}''' (1964–; ex-''Ledokol-6'')<ref>{{csr|register=RS |id=640380|shipname=Ivan Kruzenstern|accessdate=2015-10-11}}</ref> ** {{ship||Vladimir Rusanov|icebreaker|2}} (1964–1988; ex-''Ledokol-7''; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/16166/|title=Vlad|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** {{ship||Semyon Chelyuskin|icebreaker|2}} (1965–1988; ex-''Ledokol-8''; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/16169/|title=Семён Челюскин|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** {{ship||Yuriy Lisyanskiy|icebreaker|2}} (1965–2021; ex-''Ledokol-9''; to be broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://portnews.ru/news/341885/|title=Росморпорт готов заплатить до 26 млн рублей за утилизацию ледокола "Юрий Лисянский"|language=ru|publisher=PortNews|date=24 January 2023|accessdate=27 April 2023}}</ref> ** {{ship||Fyodor Litke|1970 icebreaker|2}} (1970–2013; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=E |id=7020085|shipname=Fyodor Litke|accessdate=2012-11-25}}</ref> ** {{ship||Ivan Moskvitin|icebreaker|2}} (1971–1997; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/16190/|title=Иван Москвитин|publisher=FleetPhoto|accessdate=14 March 2020}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Semyon Dezhnev|1971 icebreaker|2}}''' (1971–)<ref>{{csr|register=E |id=7119446|shipname=Semyon Dezhnev|accessdate=2012-11-25}}</ref> * ''Ermak'' class ** {{ship||Ermak|1974 icebreaker|2}} (1974–2021; broken up)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://fleetphoto.ru/photo/451458/|title=Ермак|website=FleetPhoto|accessdate=12 January 2024|language=ru}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Admiral Makarov|icebreaker|2}}''' (1975–) ** '''{{ship||Krasin|1976 icebreaker|2}}''' (1976–) * ''Kapitan M. Izmaylov'' class ** '''{{ship||Kapitan M. Izmaylov}}''' (1976–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Kosolapov}}''' (1976–) ** {{ship||Kapitan A. Radzhabov}} (1976–1992; transferred to Azerbaijan) * ''Kapitan Sorokin'' class ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Sorokin}}''' (1977–; fitted with Thyssen-Waas bow in 1991) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Nikolaev}}''' (1978–; rebuilt in 1990) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Dranitsyn}}''' (1980–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Khlebnikov}}''' (1981–) * ''Kapitan Chechkin'' class ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Chechkin}}''' (1977–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Plakhin}}''' (1977–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Chadaev}}''' (1978–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Krutov}}''' (1978–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Bukaev}}''' (1978–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Zarubin}}''' (1978–) * ''Mudyug'' class ** '''{{ship||Mudyug|icebreaker|2}}''' (1982–; fitted with Thyssen-Waas bow in 1986) ** '''{{ship||Magadan|icebreaker|2}}''' (1982–) ** '''{{ship||Dikson|icebreaker|2}}''' (1983–) * ''Kapitan Evdokimov'' class ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Evdokimov}}''' (1983–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Babichev}}''' (1983–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Chudinov}}''' (1983–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Borodkin}}''' (1983–) ** '''{{ship||Avraamiy Zavenyagin}}''' (1984–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Mecaik}}''' (1984–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Deminov}}''' (1984–) ** '''{{ship||Kapitan Moshkin}}''' (1986–) * '''{{ship||Tor|icebreaker|2}}''' (2000–; purchased from Sweden)<ref name="tor">{{csr|register=MSI|id=5418197|shipname=Tor|accessdate=2012-11-06}}</ref> * '''{{ship||Karu|icebreaker|2}}''' (2002–2020; ex-''Karhu'', ex-''Kapitan Chubakov''; purchased from Estonia; broken up) * '''{{ship||Dudinka|icebreaker|2}}''' (2006–; ex-''Apu''; purchased from Finland) * Project 21900 ** '''{{ship||Moskva|2007 icebreaker|2}}''' (2008–) ** '''{{ship||Sankt-Peterburg|icebreaker|2}}''' (2009–) * Project 21900M ** '''{{ship||Vladivostok|2014 icebreaker|2}}''' (2015–) ** '''{{ship||Murmansk|2015 icebreaker|2}}''' (2015–)<ref name="lk16">[http://en.portnews.ru/news/180039/ Vyborg Shipyard starts building hull of 21900M icebreaker "Novorossiysk" for Rosmorport (photo)]. PortNews, 8 May 2014. {{retrieved|accessdate=2014-05-11}}</ref> ** '''{{ship||Novorossiysk|icebreaker|2}}''' (2016–)<ref>[http://en.portnews.ru/news/231874/ FSUE Rosmorport takes delivery of Novorossiysk, icebreaker built by Vyborg Shipyard (photo)]. PortNews, 26 December 2016. {{retrieved|accessdate=2016-12-26}}</ref> * '''{{ship||Ob|icebreaker|2}}''' (2019–)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sever-press.ru/2019/10/17/the-icebreaker-ob-built-for-work-in-sabetta-will-be-delivered-to-the-customer/|title=The icebreaker "Ob" built for work in Sabetta will be delivered to the customer|publisher=Sever-Press|date=18 October 2019|accessdate=18 October 2019|archive-date=18 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191018112238/https://sever-press.ru/2019/10/17/the-icebreaker-ob-built-for-work-in-sabetta-will-be-delivered-to-the-customer/|url-status=dead}}</ref> * '''{{ship||Georgiy Sedov|1998 icebreaker|2}}''' (2019–; ex-''Antarcticaborg''; purchased from Kazakhstan) * '''{{ship||Viktor Chernomyrdin|icebreaker|2}}''' (2020–)<ref name="portnews_30sep2020">{{cite web|url=https://en.portnews.ru/news/302511/|title=Acceptance/delivery certificate signed for Victor Chernomyrdin icebreaker|date=30 September 2020|accessdate=1 October 2020|publisher=PortNews}}</ref> * Project 21900M2 ** Unnamed Project 21900M2 icebreaker (construction stopped as of 2021)<ref name="21900m2_keel">{{cite web|url=https://portnews.ru/news/303995/|title=Sietas (Германия) заложила ледокол мощностью 18 МВт для ФГУП "Росморпорт"|publisher=PortNews|date=29 October 2020|accessdate=29 October 2020}}</ref> ** Unnamed Project 21900M2 icebreaker (2028– (current estimate); under construction)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.portnews.ru/comments/3246/|title=IAA PortNews' interview with Aleksandr Solovyov, General Director of Vyborg Shipyard|publisher=PortNews|date=7 October 2022|accessdate=8 October 2022}}{{Dead link|date=November 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }}</ref> * Project 23620 ** Unnamed Project 23620 icebreaker (2024– (original plan); ordered)<ref name="pr23620">{{cite web|url=https://en.portnews.ru/news/315883/|title=Onego Shipyard to build Project 23620 LNG-fueled icebreaker duo for Rosmorport|publisher=PortNews|date=20 July 2021|accessdate=5 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://vpk.name/en/524303_reconstruction-plan-of-the-onega-shipbuilding-and-ship-repair-plant.html|title=Reconstruction plan of the Onega Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Plant|publisher=VPK|date=19 July 2021|accessdate=5 December 2021}}</ref> ** Unnamed Project 23620 icebreaker (2024– (original plan); ordered)<ref name="pr23620" /> * Project 22740M ** Unnamed Project 22740M icebreaker (under construction)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://stolicaonego.ru/news/sudostroiteli-petrozavodska-zalozhili-pervyj-v-istorii-karelii-ledokol/|title=Судостроители Петрозаводска заложили первый в истории Карелии ледокол|language=ru|publisher=Интернет-газета «СТОЛИЦА на Onego.ru»|date=12 May 2023|accessdate=12 May 2023}}</ref> ** Unnamed Project 22740M icebreaker (under construction)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sudostroenie.info/novosti/40877.html|title=Заложен второй мелкосидящий ледокол проекта 22740М|language=ru|publisher=Sudostroenie.info|date=15 November 2023|accessdate=16 November 2023}}</ref>

== Steam-powered icebreakers == thumb|Steam-powered icebreaker ''Yermak'' The following icebreakers were powered by steam; * {{ship||Pilot|icebreaker|2}} (built in 1862; modified and operated as an icebreaker: 1864–1890; broken up?) * {{ship||Ledokol 1}} (1890–1915; later converted to a gunboat)<ref name="ibbook">{{citation|last=Andrienko|first=Vladimir Grigorievich|title=Ледокольный флот России 1860–е – 1918 гг.|year=2017|publisher=Litres |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3SflDQAAQBAJ|isbn=978-545-76850-6-2}}</ref><ref name="led1">[http://opww.narod.ru/mmtm/17.htm Портовые и многоцелевые ледоколы]. {{retrieved|accessdate=2018-12-25}}</ref><ref>[http://www.tugboatlars.se/Holmen8.htm Holmen VIII]. Tugboatlars.se. {{retrieved|accessdate=2018-12-26}}</ref> * {{ship||Ledokol 2}} (1895–1923; handed over to Latvia)<ref name="ibbook" /> * {{ship||Saratovskiy Ledokol}} (1895–1968; sunk)<ref>[http://www.vzsar.ru/news/2015/10/08/ledokol-saratov-planiryut-podnyat-so-dna-volgi-v-dekabre.html Ледокол "Саратов" планируют поднять со дна Волги в декабре]. {{retrieved|accessdate=2015-10-09}}</ref> * {{ship||Nadeshnyy}} (1897–1924; later converted to a gunboat)<ref name="ibbook" /> * {{ship||Yermak|1898 icebreaker|2}} (1899–1963; scrapped, despite efforts to preserve it as a museum piece<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20140805191557/http://mvestnik.ru/shwpgn.asp?pid=2013021620 Сначала срезали имя, потом сняли орден]</ref>) * {{ship||Gaydamak|icebreaker|2}} (1898–1930; broken up)<ref name="ibbook" /> * {{ship||Ledokol 3}} (1899–1923; broken up)<ref name="ibbook" /><ref>[http://www.tynebuiltships.co.uk/L-Ships/ledokol31899.html Ledokol 3 1899]. Tyne Built Ships. {{retrieved|accessdate=2015-10-11}}</ref> * {{ship||Ledokol IV}} (1907–1942; sunk by Germans)<ref name="ibbook" /> * {{ship||A. Sibiryakov|icebreaker|2}} (1909–1942; sunk by Germans) * {{ship||Vaygach|1909 icebreaker|2}} (1909–1918; sank in 1918) * {{ship||Taymyr|1909 icebreaker|2}} (1909–1950s?; broken up) * {{ship||Silatch}} (1910–1918, 1922–late 1950s; broken up) * {{ship||Malygin|1912 icebreaker|2}} (1912–1940; sunk in 1940) * ''Volynets'' (1914–1918, 1940–1985; ex-''Tsar' Mikhail Fyodorovich'', ex-''Wäinämöinen'', ex-''Suur Tõll''; sold to Estonia in 1987) * {{ship||Fyodor Litke|1909 icebreaker|2}} (1914–1958; ex-CGC ''Earl Grey''; broken up)  * {{ship||Georgiy Sedov|1908 icebreaker|2}} (1915–1967; ex-''Beothic'' (1909–1915); broken up) * {{ship||Sadko|1913 icebreaker|2}} (1915–1941; ex-''Lintrose'' (1912–1915); sank in 1941) * {{ship||Mikula Seleaninovich|icebreaker|2}} (1916–1918)<ref name="ibbook" /> * {{ship||Ledokol V}} (1916–1941; sank in 1941)<ref>{{csr|register=C|id=18155|shipname=Ledokol V|accessdate=2018-12-26}}</ref> * {{ship||Ledokol VI}} (1916–1961; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=C|id=23869|shipname=Ledokol VI|accessdate=2018-12-26}}</ref> * {{ship||Ledokol VII}} (1916–1954; broken up)<ref>[http://www.tynebuiltships.co.uk/L-Ships/ledokolvii1916.html Ledokol VII 1916]. Tyne Built Ships. {{retrieved|accessdate=2015-10-11}}</ref> * {{ship||Ledokol VIII}} (1917–1961; broken up)<ref>{{csr|register=C|id=23878|shipname=Ledokol VIII|accessdate=2018-12-26}}</ref> * {{ship||Ledokol IX}} (1917–1932; sank in White Sea)<ref>[http://www.tynebuiltships.co.uk/L-Ships/ledokolix1917.html Ledokol IX 1917]. Tyne Built Ships. {{retrieved|accessdate=2015-10-11}}</ref> * {{ship||Krasin|1917 icebreaker|2}} (1917–1971; extensively rebuilt in 1953–1960, now a museum ship in St. Petersburg) * {{ship||Lenin|1916 icebreaker|2}} (1917–1968; broken up) * {{ship||Stepan Makarov|1917 icebreaker|2}} (1917–1941; sunk) * {{ship||Toros|icebreaker|2}} (1929–1964)<ref name="ibbook" /> * {{ship||Sibir|1937 icebreaker|2}} (1938–1973; ex-''I. Stalin'' (−1961); broken up) * {{ship||Admiral Lazarev|icebreaker|2}} (1938–1967; ex-''L. Kaganovich'' (−1951); broken up) * {{ship||Admiral Makarov|1941 icebreaker|2}} (1941–1967; ex-''V. Molotov'' (−1956); broken up) * {{ship||A. Mikoyan|icebreaker|2}} (1941–1968; broken up) * {{ship||Malygin|1945 icebreaker|2}} (1945–1970; ex-''Voima''; broken up) * ''Sibiryakov'' (1945–1972; ex-''Jääkarhu''; broken up) * ''Alyosha Popovich'' (1945–1970; ex-''Eisvogel''; decommissioned and abandoned off Russky Island) * {{ship||Ilya Muromets|1941 icebreaker|2}} (1946–1979; ex-''Eisbär''; broken up in 1981)<ref>[https://www.fesco.ru/about/history/fleet-roll/12079/ Илья Муромец (Eisbar)]. FESCO. {{retrieved|accessdate=2018-12-24}}</ref> * ''Peresvet'' (1951–1980; ex-''Castor''; decommissioned and abandoned off Reyneke Island)

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== *[https://www.dco.uscg.mil/Portals/9/DCO%20Documents/Office%20of%20Waterways%20and%20Ocean%20Policy/20170501%20major%20icebreaker%20chart.pdf%3Fver%3D2017-06-08-091723-907 MAJOR ICEBREAKERS OF THE WORLD], a USCG table, year 2017 version. Lists 61 Russian ships, of which 11 were under construction and 4 planned

Category:Icebreakers of Russia Category:Icebreakers of the Soviet Union Category:Lists of ships of Russia