{{Short description|Former French research institute}} {{Other uses|INRA (disambiguation)}} {{use dmy dates|date=April 2020}} {{Multiple issues| {{primary sources|date=June 2015}} {{third-party|date=June 2015}} }} {{Infobox organization |name = Institut national de la recherche agronomique |image= Logo of INRA (French National Institute for Agricultural Research) - version_of_2013.svg |image_size= 250px |type = Governmental organisation |formation = 1946 |location = Paris, France |leader_name = Philippe Mauguin (July 2016<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://institut.inra.fr/en/Overview/Highlights/Philippe-Mauguin-President-of-INRA |title=INRA – Philippe Mauguin, President of INRA |access-date=24 August 2016 |archive-date=7 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161107034556/http://institut.inra.fr/en/Overview/Highlights/Philippe-Mauguin-President-of-INRA |url-status=dead }}</ref>) |leader_title = President |purpose = targeted research |budget = €877.6 million<ref name="inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com">{{Cite web |url=https://inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com/ressources/afile/251625-fb52e-resource-inra-plaquette-de-presentation-de-l-institut-en.html |title=Archived copy |access-date=19 June 2015 |archive-date=19 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150619195142/https://inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com/ressources/afile/251625-fb52e-resource-inra-plaquette-de-presentation-de-l-institut-en.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> |num_staff = {{formatnum:8290}}<ref name="inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com"/> |website = {{URL|www.international.inra.fr}} }}

The '''Institut national de la recherche agronomique''' ({{IPA|fr|ɛ̃stity nɑsjɔnal də la ʁəʃɛʁʃ aɡʁɔnɔmik}}; {{langx|en|National Institute of Agricultural Research}}; abbr. '''INRA''' {{IPA|fr|inʁa|}}) was a French public research institute dedicated to agricultural science. It was founded in 1946 and is a Public Scientific and Technical Research Establishment under the joint authority of the Ministries of Research and Agriculture. From 1 January 2020 the INRA merged with the IRSTEA (Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture) to create the INRAE (Institut national de recherche pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www2.depecheveterinaire.com/l-inra-deviendra-l-inrae-suite-a-sa-fusion-avec-l-irstea_67974A7AAF6CAD.html|title=Inra will become Inrae after merging with Irstea|website=La dépêche vétérinaire|date=2019-05-19|language=fr|access-date=2020-03-22|archive-date=1 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201001233837/https://www2.depecheveterinaire.com/l-inra-deviendra-l-inrae-suite-a-sa-fusion-avec-l-irstea_67974A7AAF6CAD.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

INRA led projects of targeted research for a sustainable agriculture, a safeguarded environment and a healthy and high quality food. Based on the number of publications in agricultural sciences/crops and animal sciences, INRA was the first institute for agricultural research in Europe, and the second in the world.<ref name="inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com"/> It belonged to the top 1% most cited research institutes.<ref name="inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com"/>

==Missions== INRA main tasks were: * to gather and disseminate knowledge * to build know-how and innovation for the society * to provide expertise to public institutions and private companies * to participate in science-society debates * to train in research

==Staff and organization== INRA was a research institute with 1,840 researchers, 1,756 research engineers and 4,694 lab workers/field workers/administrative staff. In addition, 510 PhD students were trained, and 2,552 interns were employed every year.<ref name="inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com"/>

INRA was composed of 13 scientific departments: * Environment and Agronomy * Biology and crop breeding * Plant health and environment * Ecology of forests, meadows and aquatic environments * Animal genetics * Animal physiology and animal production systems * Animal health * Characterization and processing of agricultural products * Microbiology and food processing * Human nutrition * Sciences for action and development * Social sciences, agriculture and food, territories and environment * Applied mathematics and computer sciences

Moreover, INRA provided tools and support to the scientific community: databases, environmental research observatories, genetic resources centers, experimental platforms, etc.

The past and current directors of INRA include:<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denis |first=Gilles |date=2014-12-15 |title=Une histoire institutionnelle de l'Institut national de la recherche agronomique (Inra) – Le premier Inra (1946-1980) |url=http://journals.openedition.org/hrc/802 |journal=Histoire de la recherche contemporaine |issue=Tome III - N°2 |pages=125–136 |doi=10.4000/hrc.802 |issn=2260-3875 |language=fr|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Denis |first=Gilles |date=2017-12-15 |title=Une histoire institutionnelle de l'Institut national de la recherche agronomique (Inra) – Mise en place du second Inra (1980-1996) |url=http://journals.openedition.org/hrc/1481 |journal=Histoire de la recherche contemporaine |issue=Tome VI-N°2 |pages=109–127 |doi=10.4000/hrc.1481 |issn=2260-3875|url-access=subscription }}</ref> {{Div col|colwidth=25em}} * 1946–1948 : Charles Crépin * 1948–1956 : Raymond Braconnier * 1956–1963 : Henri Ferru * 1963–1972 : Jean Bustarret * 1972–1974 : Jean-Michel Soupault * 1975–1978 : Raymond Février * 1978–1989 : Jacques Poly<ref>{{Cite web |title=Déclaration de M. Louis Le Pensec, ministre de l'agriculture et de la pêche, en hommage à la carrière de M. Jacques Poly, Paris le 17 décembre 1997. |url=https://www.vie-publique.fr/discours/244233-louis-le-pensec-17121997-hommage-jacques-poly-directeur-inra |access-date=2024-06-23 |website=www.vie-publique.fr}}</ref> * 1989–1991 : Pierre Douzou * 1991–1999 : Guy Paillotin<ref>{{Cite web |title=Guy PAILLOTIN |url=https://www.annales.org/archives/x/paillotin.html |access-date=2024-06-23 |website=www.annales.org}}</ref> * 1999–2003 : Bertrand Hervieu * 2004–2012 : Marion Guillou * 2012–2016 : François Houllier<ref>{{Cite web |title=François HOULLIER {{!}} Académie d'Agriculture de France |url=https://www.academie-agriculture.fr/membres/annuaire/francois-houllier |access-date=2024-06-23 |website=www.academie-agriculture.fr}}</ref> * 2016–present : Philippe Mauguin<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Casassus |first=Barbara |date=2016-10-27 |title=Controversial head of French agricultural agency speaks out |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/nature.2016.20859 |journal=Nature |language=en |doi=10.1038/nature.2016.20859 |issn=0028-0836|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-30 |title=Philippe Mauguin reappointed as INRAE Chair & CEO |url=https://www.myscience.org/en/news/wire/philippe_mauguin_reappointed_as_inrae_chair_ceo-2024-inrae |website=myScience |language=en}}</ref> {{div col end}}

==Centers and partnerships== In 2014, INRA had 17 regional centres in France, including in the French overseas territories. Most laboratories and facilities located in Paris region are to be moved to the Paris-Saclay research-intensive cluster.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.epps.fr/en/a-global-cluster/a-world-class-university/ |title=A world class university – Paris Saclay |access-date=2015-06-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924001532/http://www.epps.fr/en/a-global-cluster/a-world-class-university/ |archive-date=2015-09-24 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

INRA develops partnerships with: * universities and French top schools in agricultural/veterinary sciences * French research institutes of fundamental and targeted research. Notably, CNRS and INSERM are INRA first two partners.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.natureindex.com/institution-outputs/France/French%20National%20Institute%20for%20Agricultural%20Research%20(INRA)/Life%20Sciences/Science |title=French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), France &#124; Institution outputs &#124; Nature Index |access-date=2015-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623003331/http://www.natureindex.com/institution-outputs/France/French%20National%20Institute%20for%20Agricultural%20Research%20(INRA)/Life%20Sciences/Science |archive-date=2015-06-23 |url-status=dead }}</ref> * French research institutes of agricultural applied research (Terres Inovia, Arvalis Institut du Végétal, etc.) * the main agricultural research institutes in the world (Rothamsted Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, etc.). It has scientific collaborations and exchanges with many countries in Europe, America and Asia (see e.g. collaborations map in<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.researchgate.net/institution/French_National_Institute_for_Agricultural_Research |title=French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE) |website=ResearchGate}}</ref>). Nearly half of the publications are co-authored by foreign scientists.<ref name="inra-dam-front-resources-cdn.brainsonic.com"/>

==Research on wine and grapes== INRA maintained a collection of vines at Domaine de Vassal, in Marseillan near Sète, a site where phylloxera cannot survive.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/vassal/unite/presentation.html |title=Domaine de Vassal at www1.montpellier.inra.fr |access-date=2013-12-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150218231629/http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/vassal/unite/presentation.html |archive-date=2015-02-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Gouais blanc can be found there.

Researches on vine cultivation are conducted in Pech Rouge estate, in Gruissan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/pechrouge/index.php/en/ |title=Pech Rouge at www1.montpellier.inra.fr |access-date=20 December 2013 |archive-date=20 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131220095728/http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/pechrouge/index.php/en/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> INRA also owns the Château Couhins wine-producing estate near Bordeaux. Many wine grapes have been created at INRA stations including Ederena.<ref name="Wine Grapes">J. Robinson, J. Harding and J. Vouillamoz ''Wine Grapes - A complete guide to 1,368 vine varieties, including their origins and flavours'' pg 322, Allen Lane 2012 {{ISBN|978-1-846-14446-2}}</ref>

INRA was a member of the consortium for the genome sequencing of ''Vitis vinifera'' in 2007.

==See also== * ''Animal'' * Agronomy * Agroecology * Biotechnology * CIRAD * ''Veterinary Research''

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== * {{Official website|www.international.inra.fr}}

{{Scientific research in France}}

{{authority control}}

Category:Agronomy Category:Scientific agencies of the government of France Category:Agricultural research institutes in France