{{short description|Welsh nobleman}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox noble|type | name = Hywel Sele | title = | image = Discovery of Hywel Sele in the Nannau Oak.jpg | caption = The discovery of the body of Hywel Sele in the Nannau Oak | alt = | CoA = | more = no | succession = | reign = | reign-type = | predecessor = | successor = | suc-type = | spouse = | spouse-type = | issue = | issue-link = | issue-pipe = | full name = | native_name = | styles = | titles = | noble family = | house-type = | father = | mother = | birth_name = | birth_date = <!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} --> | birth_place = | christening_date = | christening_place = | death_date = 1402 | death_place = Nannau Estate, Wales | burial_date = | burial_place = | religion = | occupation = | memorials = | website = <!-- {{{URL|example.com}} --> | module = }}
'''Hywel Sele''' (died c. 1402) was a Welsh nobleman. A cousin of Owain Glyndŵr, Prince of Wales, he was a friend of Henry IV of England and opposed his cousin's 1400–1415 uprising. Sele was captured by Glyndŵr but is said to have accepted an invitation to hunt with his cousin on the Nannau Estate. Sele attempted to kill Glyndŵr but failed and was himself killed, his body being hidden within the hollow of an oak tree. The oak is subsequently said to have been haunted and was named Derwen Ceubren yr Ellyl ("The Hollow Oak of the Devils") or Ceubren yr Ellyll ("The Hollow Tree of the Ghost").
== Biography == Hywel Sele was a distant cousin of Owain Glyndŵr (c. 1359 – c. 1415), the last native Prince of Wales.<ref name=":0">{{cite book |last1=Barber |first1=C |title=In Search of Owain Glyndŵr |date=1998 |publisher=Blorenge Books |location=Abergavenny}}</ref> Sele was a friend of the English King Henry IV and due to this was opposed to the Glyndŵr Rising.<ref name=":1">{{cite book |last1=Davies |first1=R R |authorlink=Rees Davies |title=The Revolt of Owain Glyndŵr |date=1995 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford}}</ref> According to Richard Vaughan of Nannau (c. 1650), Sele sided against Glyndŵr, was captured and an attempt to free him was defeated in a battle at Beddau’r Gwŷr. The abbot of Cymer Abbey brokered a reconciliation between the two men and they later went hunting together in the Nannau Estate.<ref name=":0"/>
It is said that during the hunt Sele drew his bow to shoot Glyndŵr. However Glyndŵr anticipated this and struck Sele with his sword before he could release the arrow. Fearing repercussions from the abbot, Glyndŵr hid Sele's body in a hollow in an ancient oak tree.<ref name=breverton109>"Realising the repercussions from the Abbott and the followers of Hywel, Owain concealed the body in the hollow of an ancient oak tree" {{cite book |last1=Breverton |first1=Terry |authorlink=Terry Breverton |title=Owain Glyndwr: The Story of the Last Prince of Wales |date=2009 |publisher=Amberley Publishing Limited |isbn=9781445608761 |page=109 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8XGoAwAAQBAJ |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> This subsequently became known as Derwen Ceubren yr Ellyl ("The Hollow Oak of the Devils"). Glyndŵr burnt down Sele's estate, leaving Sele's 2-year-old son to be brought up by an uncle.<ref name=breverton109/> A cousin of Sele, Gruffydd ap Gwyn of Ardudwy heard of the burning of the estate and set out to rescue his kinsman. But Glyndŵr ambushed Gruffydd's 200-strong force at Llanelltyd Bridge and killed sixty men before razing Gruffydd's own estates.<ref name=breverton110>{{cite book |last1=Breverton |first1=Terry |title=Owain Glyndwr: The Story of the Last Prince of Wales |date=2009 |publisher=Amberley Publishing Limited |isbn=9781445608761 |page=110 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8XGoAwAAQBAJ |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
== Different accounts == There are significant differences in other accounts of Sele's life. In T. P. Ellis' 19th-century writings the sequence of events is reversed. Glyndŵr is said to have captured Sele and carried him to Llanelltud, where Gruffydd unsuccessfully attempted to release him. After Glyndŵr's victory the abbot attempted his reconciliation, and the fateful hunting expedition was carried out. In Ellis' version Glyndŵr, suspicious of Sele, survived by wearing a coat of mail beneath his clothes.<ref name=breverton110/>
In William Wynne's ''History of Wales'', the attempted killing of Glyndŵr takes place after Glyndŵr asked Sele to prove his skill with a bow and Gruffydd is said to have demolished the bridge at Llanelltud to prevent Glyndŵr's passage; his subsequent defeat taking place at Rhyd Cadwallon (a nearby ford) and in the surrounding countryside.<ref>{{cite book |author=Saint Caradoc (of Llancarfan) |title=The History of Wales ... Translated into English by Dr. Powell; and augmented by W. Wynne ... A new edition, greatly improved and enlarged with pedigrees of families. With a collection of documents. With maps |date=1832 |publisher=John Eddowes |page=232 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hblVAAAAcAAJ |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> John Humffreys Parry (1786–1825) relates another account in which the meeting came about by accident while Glyndŵr was hunting on Sele's land and a confrontation turned violent.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Parry |first1=John H. |title=The Cambrian Plutarch: Comprinsing Memoirs of Some of the Mosts Eminent Welshmen... |date=1834 |publisher=Simpkin |page=248 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQNaAAAAcAAJ |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
The story is regarded as a legend by Elissa R. Henken, who states that the story was at some point muddled and Sele's name sometime rendered as Huw Selef. She notes that some local people still regard the site of the tree as haunted.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Henken |first1=Elissa R. |title=National Redeemer: Owain Glyndŵr in Welsh Tradition |date=1996 |publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=9780801483493 |page=157 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WpDJObx8lpMC |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> The story was also ascribed to legend by D. Helen Allday.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Allday |first1=D. Helen |title=Insurrection in Wales: The Rebellion of the Welsh Led by Owen Glyn Dwr (Glendower) Against the English Crown in 1400 |date=1981 |publisher=T. Dalton |isbn=9780861380015 |page=88 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=68YgAAAAMAAJ |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Breverton states that there is some uncertainty over the date of the killing with 1402 given most credence, though some sources state 1404 or 1406.<ref name=breverton109/> The story was well known among the inhabitants of Dolgellau.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Evan |title=A Portrait of Machynlleth and Its Surroundings |date=2009 |publisher=Coch Y Bonddu Books |isbn=9781904784241 |page=13 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oduum2r12x8C |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
== Nannau Oak == thumb|An engraving made from Hoare's 1813 drawing of the oak The tree that supposedly entombed Sele subsequently became known as the Nannau Oak.<ref name=trees97>{{cite book |title=The Book of Trees: Descriptive of the Principal Timber-trees, and the Larger Species of Palms |date=1837 |publisher=J. W. Parker |page=97 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D-W6J2eP90AC |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> Thomas Pennant inspected the oak in 1778 and noted that it was {{convert|27|ft|6|in|m}} in girth but that it was in an advanced state of decay. The tree was said to have resembled the shape of a gothic arch.<ref name=breverton109/> The tree fell on 13 July 1813 and it was said that the body of Sele fell from within it and was laid to rest at Cymer Abbey.<ref name=breverton110/> Sir Richard Colt Hoare was present at the time it fell and had completed a drawing of the tree that very morning. The drawing shows the tree in its decrepit state and damaged by lightning.<ref name=trees97/>
As with the rest of the story there are different versions of events. T. P. Ellis states that Sele's body lay within the tree only for forty years. He further notes that the oak was also known as Ceubren yr Ellyll ("The Hollow Tree of the Ghost") and was regarded as haunted, with people afraid to approach it at night.<ref name=breverton110/>
The site of the tree was marked on the day it fell by a sundial and brass plate with a sketch of the tree.<ref name=breverton110/> The landowner, a baronet, is said to have had the wood of the tree made into various utensils. It is also said that many houses in Dolgellau contained an engraving of the tree with a frame made from its wood.<ref>{{cite book |author=Saint Caradoc (of Llancarfan) |title=The History of Wales ... Translated into English by Dr. Powell; and augmented by W. Wynne ... A new edition, greatly improved and enlarged with pedigrees of families. With a collection of documents. With maps |date=1832 |publisher=John Eddowes |page=234|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hblVAAAAcAAJ |accessdate=8 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref> The tree was immortalised by Walter Scott in his 1808 work ''Marmion'' as "the spirit's Blasted Tree".<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Simpson |first1=Roger |title=The Nannau Oak: Bulwer Lytton and his Midsummer Knight at the Westminster Round Table |journal=Arthuriana |date=1997 |volume=7 |issue=3 |page=126 |issn=1078-6279|jstor=27869279 }}</ref>
== References == {{reflist}}
Category:1402 deaths Category:14th-century Welsh nobility Category:15th-century Welsh people Category:Glyndŵr rebellion