A '''hydrofunctionalization''' reaction is the addition of hydrogen and another univalent fragment (X) across a carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom multiple bond.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Hydrofunctionalization - Springer|volume = 43|doi=10.1007/978-3-642-33735-2|series = Topics in Organometallic Chemistry|year = 2013|isbn = 978-3-642-33734-5}}</ref> Often, the term ''hydrofunctionalization'' without modifier refers specifically to the use of the covalent hydride (H-X) as the source of hydrogen and X for this transformation. If other reagents are used to achieve the net addition of hydrogen and X across a multiple bond, the process may be referred to as a ''formal hydrofunctionalization''.
center|400x400px|Generic hydrofunctionalization reaction.
For terminal olefins (or acetylenes), the regioselectivity of the process can be described as Markovnikov (addition of X at the substituted end) or anti-Markovnikov (addition of X at the unsubstituted end). Catalysts are frequently employed to control the chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity of hydrofunctionalization reactions.
== Examples == Some of the better known classes of hydrofunctionalization reactions include the following:
*Hydroboration *Hydrosilylation *Hydrometalation (including both transition or main group metal hydrides) *Hydroamination *(Olefin) hydration (addition of H<sub>2</sub>O across a double bond) *Hydroalkoxylation (''also known as'' hydroetherification) *Hydrohalogenation *Hydrovinylation (including hydroarylation and olefin dimerization and others) *Hydroacylation *Hydroformylation (refers specifically to the addition of CHO and H using H<sub>2</sub> and CO as reagents, ''also known as'' the oxo process)
== References == {{reflist}}
Category:Addition reactions