Shanghai–Nanjing railway

{{Short description|Railway in China}} thumb|Shanghai Nanjing Railway The '''Shanghai–Nanjing''' or '''Huning Railway'''<ref group=n>Chinese: t {{linktext|滬|寧|鐡路}}, s {{linktext|沪|宁|铁路}}, p ''Hù–Níng Tiělù''.</ref> is a {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}} railway in China running from Shanghai to Nanjing, capital of Jiangsu province. The railway is about {{convert|307|km|sp=us}} long.{{citation needed|date=November 2011}} The Huning line is one of the busiest in China.<ref>{{cite news|last1=HU|first1=Jian|last2=LU|first2=Yingguo|last3=XUE|first3=Guibao|last4=YANG|first4=Qingning|script-title=zh:引领世界高铁发展新潮流 ——写在沪宁城际高速铁路建成通车之际|url=http://www.shrail.com/2010cj/20102cj%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB36.html|accessdate=December 18, 2017|publisher=上铁资讯网|date=July 1, 2010|language=Chinese}}</ref>{{citation needed|date=November 2011}}

The Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway runs along the same route, but on separate tracks.

Its Chinese name is derived from the character abbreviations ''Hù'' (s {{linktext|沪}}, t {{linktext|滬}}) for Shanghai and ''Níng'' (s {{linktext|宁}}, t {{linktext|寧}}) for Nanjing.

==History== thumb|right|400px|1907 map of the Shanghai{{ndash}}Nanjing Railway thumb|right|400px|The Shanghai{{ndash}}Nanjing Railway Locomotive A1 (1904) Such a railway had long been desired by Western interests in 19th-century China and just as long opposed by the Qing government. Following China's disastrous failure in the First Sino-Japanese War, however, the Songhu Railway from Shanghai was extended to Nanjing.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dunford |first=Michael |url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Geographical_Transformation_of_China/hoHZBAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Huning+Railway+construct&pg=PA283&printsec=frontcover |title=The Geographical Transformation of China |last2=Weidong |first2=Liu |date=2014-10-17 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-61478-4 |language=en}}</ref> The project was undertaken by the civil engineering partnership Sir John Wolfe-Barry and Lt Col Arthur John Barry at the end of the nineteenth century.<ref>Frederick Arthur Crisp ''Visitation of England and Wales'', Volume 14, London (1906)</ref> Its former eastern terminus at the Old North Station in Shanghai's Zhabei District (the former American district of the International Settlement) is now the Shanghai Railway Museum.

From 1928 to 1949, while Nanjing was the capital of the Republic of China, the line was known as the '''Jinghu Railway''',<ref group=n>Chinese: t {{linktext|京|滬|鐡路}}, s {{linktext|京|沪|铁路}}, p ''Jīng–Hù Tiělù''.</ref> a name now reserved for the line between ''Bei''jing and Shanghai. In 2007 during the Sixth Railway Speed-Up Campaign, the line was organized into the Beijing–Shanghai railway

==See also== {{Portal|Railways}} * Jinghu Railway, the modern railway between Beijing and Shanghai * Shanghai–Nanjing intercity railway

==Notes== {{reflist|2|group=n}}

==References== {{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Shanghai-Nanjing Railway}} Category:Railway lines in China