Howie Richmond

{{Short description|American music industry executive (1918–2012)}} {{About|the American music publisher|the New Zealand lawyer|Howard Richmond}} {{Infobox musical artist | name = Howie Richmond | image = | caption = | birth_name = Howard Spencer Richmond | birth_date = {{Birth date|1918|1|18}} | birth_place = [[Queens, New York]], United States | death_date = {{Death date and age|2012|5|20|1918|1|18}} | death_place = [[Rancho Mirage, California]], US | occupation = [[Music publisher (popular music)|Music publisher]], [[music industry|music industry executive]] | years_active = 1935–1990s | label = [[The Richmond Organization]] (TRO) | website = }}

'''Howie Richmond''' (''né'' '''Howard Spencer Richmond'''; 18 January 1918 — 20 May 2012){{refn|group=lower-alpha|Howie Richmond used the names "Jessie Cavanaugh," "Paul Campbell," and "Joel Newman" as composers, arrangers, and lyricists of published music.}}{{Sfn|''Da Capo'' (Malan),|2001|p=73}} was an American [[music publisher (popular music)|music publisher]] and [[music industry|music industry executive]]. He established The Richmond Organization, Inc. (TRO), one of the largest independent music publishing organizations in the world, and had a hand in commercializing and promoting many [[pop music|pop]], [[folk music|folk]] and [[rock music|rock]] songs since the 1940s.{{Sfn|''Biography Index'' (Vol. 2),|1953|p=815}}

== Life and career == === Early life and public relations career (1918–1945) === Richmond was born in [[Queens, New York]]. His father, Maurice Richmond, was a music publisher (at Paull-Pioneer Music) and distributor.{{Sfn|''New York Times'', Jun. 9,|1965|p=47}} Richmond attended the [[Loomis Chaffee School]] from 1931 to 1935, graduating in 1935, and thereafter, the [[University of Pennsylvania]]. He began working in the music business in 1935, soon establishing his own press office in [[New York City]] to publicize clients who included [[Glenn Miller]], [[Frank Sinatra]], [[Dinah Shore]], the [[Andrews Sisters]], and [[Woody Herman]]. During [[World War II]] he served in the [[United States Army Air Corps|Army Air Corps]], before helping Buddy Robbins to establish the Robbins Artist Bureau, later known as the American Artists Bureau.

=== Entry into music publishing (1945–1949) === In late June 1949, Richmond teamed up with H. Z. Roland, lyricist [[Carl Sigman]], disk jockey [[Gene Rayburn]] and British musician Billy Whitlock to form a music publishing company.{{Sfn|''Variety'', Aug. 3,|1949|p=37}} The purpose of the new venture was to publish Sigman and Rayburn's new lyrics to the song "Scotch Hot, Hopscotch Polka", which had been composed and recorded in England by Whitlock for British [[Decca Records]].{{Sfn|''Variety'', Aug. 3,|1949|p=37}} Richmond was not originally one of the partners in the company, but instead was to handle the publicity. Named Cromwell Music, Inc., the company setup in an office at 119 West 57th Street in New York and affiliated itself with the [[Performance rights organisation|performance rights organization]] [[American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers]].{{Sfn|''Variety'', Aug. 3,|1949|p=37}} "[[Hop-Scotch Polka]]" was officially published on July 6, 1949 and was quickly recorded by [[Guy Lombardo]] for [[Decca Records]], [[Art Mooney]] for [[MGM Records|M-G-M Records]], [[The Three Suns]] for [[RCA Records|RCA-Victor]] and Bill Gale for [[Columbia Records]]; it was a hit.{{Sfn|''Variety'', Aug. 3,|1949|p=37}}

In September 1949, Bob Baumgart was hired as Cromwell Music's East Coast contact man. In October 1949, Bob Stern was hired as West Coast contact man and [[Saxie Dowell]] for the Midwest, based in Chicago. In November, Lucky Wilber replaced Bob Stern for West Coast representation. Cromwell Music followed up with the No. 1 hit "[[Music! Music! Music!]]", written by Stephan Weiss{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Stephan Rudolph Weiss (17 August 1899 [[Vienna, Austria]] – 13 August 1984 [[Zürich, Switzerland]]); also written alpha phonetically as Stefan Weiß.}} and [[Bernie Baum]], and recorded by [[Teresa Brewer]].{{Sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame,|1985}}

=== Founding of Cromwell Music and early successes (1949–1951) === In early February 1950, Richmond bought out Cromwell Music's interests from H. Z. Roland and Carl Sigman and became sole owner of the firm.{{Sfn|''Billboard'', Feb. 11,|1950|p=14}} Richmond rapidly expanded and formed several other publishing imprints, affiliated with both [[American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers|ASCAP]] and BMI. In June 1950, he formed his second music publishing company, Spencer Music, Inc., which was named after his middle name and affiliated with [[Broadcast Music, Inc.]]{{Sfn|''Cash Box'', Jul. 8,|1950|p=16}} Richmond was General Professional Manager, Peter Kameron was named Professional Manager and Lucky Wilber West Coast Representative of Spencer Music.{{Sfn|''Cash Box'', Jul. 8,|1950|p=16}}{{Sfn|''Variety'', Jul. 26,|1950|p=107}} Richmond's offices then moved to a bigger location at 129 West 52nd Street in New York.{{Sfn|''Variety'', Jul. 26,|1950|p=107}}

=== Expansion of affiliated publishing companies (1950–1953) === In September 1950, Richmond formed his third music publishing company, Warwick Music, Inc., affiliated with ASCAP.{{Sfn|''Variety'', Sep. 20,|1950|p=43}}{{Sfn|''Variety'', Oct. 4,|1950|p=48}} Only a month later, however, Warwick Music, Inc. was renamed Essex Music, Inc. due to the existence of another already existing, unrelated Warwick Music, Inc. music publishing firm.{{Sfn|''Variety'', Oct. 4,|1950|p=48}} In October 1950, he formed his fourth music publishing company, Hollis Music, Inc., which was affiliated with BMI.{{Sfn|''Variety'', Nov. 1,|1950|p=43}}{{Sfn|''Billboard'', Nov. 4,|1950|p=20}} [[Loring Buzzell]], former employee of [[Irving Mills]]' Mills Music, Inc., was named Professional Manager in charge of Hollis Music, under Richmond who was General Professional Manager.{{Sfn|''Billboard'', Nov. 4,|1950|p=20}} In December 1950, Richmond co-acquired the music publishing company, [[Folkways Records|Folkways Music Publishers, Inc.]], with [[Pete Seeger]] and other members of [[The Weavers]] (credited as Paul Campbell).{{Sfn|''Variety'', Aug. 29,|1951|pp=49–52}} Folkways Music Publishers was tied to BMI and assigned to Professional Manager Peter Kameron (who also managed The Weavers){{Sfn|''Variety'', Jul. 23,|1952|p=46}} and West Coast Representative Lucky Wilber.{{Sfn|Copyrights (Unpublished), Jan-Jun|1950|p= }}{{Sfn|''Variety'', Jan. 31,|1951|p=41}}

=== International ventures and new imprints (1953–1956) === Also in December 1950, Richmond welcomed Al Brackman{{refn|group=lower-alpha|Al Brackman (''né'' Alexander Brackman; 1912–1992) graduated from [[James Madison High School (Brooklyn)|James Madison High School]] in [[Brooklyn]] in June 1929. He was a nephew of the artist [[Robert Brackman]] (1898–1980). Through his aunt Betty Brackman Lottman (1902–1988) — who married George Dewey Lottman (1899–1942), lyricist of "[[Anchors Aweigh]]" — he was also a cousin of the author [[Herbert Lottman]] (1927–2014) and the film editor [[Evan A. Lottman]] (1931–2001).}} as general professional manager of Hollis Music and general manager of all BMI affiliates, the later officially stepped into the position on January 2, 1951.{{Sfn|''Variety'', Nov. 1,|1950|p=43}}{{Sfn|''Billboard'', Apr. 7,|1951|pp=11 & 40}} In January 1951, Richmond renamed Spencer Music, Inc. to Ludlow Music, Inc.{{Sfn|''Billboard'', Apr. 7,|1951|pp=11 & 40}}{{Sfn|''Cash Box'', Mar. 24,|1951|p=16}} In March 1951, Richmond formed another imprint, Dartmouth Music, Inc. mainly for the purpose of accommodating foreign compositions in the United States. Dartmouth was eventually linked to ASCAP in July 1951 and Richmond placed Loring Buzzell as General Professional Manager of the company.{{Sfn|Copyrights (Unpublished), Jan-Jun|1951|p= }}{{Sfn|''Variety'', Mar. 5,|1952|p=57}} Also in 1951, the Richmond firms moved to an even bigger office, located at [[666 Fifth Avenue]], [[Midtown Manhattan]].{{Sfn|''Variety'', Nov. 1,|1950|p=43}} In March 1951, Richmond began working on establishing music publishing firms in the United Kingdom and Europe. In September 1951, he went abroad intending to form Cromwell Music, Ltd., based in London, England, and Éditions Cromwell, based in France, but the companies stalled.{{Sfn|''Billboard'', Sep. 15,|1951|pp=15 & 19}}

In 1952, Richmond formed his own record label, Mars Records, which was co-operated with musician [[Woody Herman]].{{Sfn|''Variety'', Oct. 26,|1955|p=40}} In April 1952, Richmond formed a country music publishing imprint named Melody Trails, Inc., tied with BMI.{{Sfn|''Variety'', May 7,|1952|p=41}}{{Sfn|''Cash Box'', Aug. 2,|1952|p=30}} Melody Trails officially launched in September 1952 and was based in Nashville, Tennessee and managed by Vic McAlpin.{{Sfn|''Cash Box'', Aug. 2,|1952|p=30}} In 1953, the companies moved to yet another bigger headquarters, located at 151 West 46th Street, New York, where they would remain for several years.{{Sfn|Copyrights (Published), Jan-Jun|1953|p= }} In August 1955, Richmond finally formed a British imprint, Essex Music, Ltd. based in London, England to administer the publishing of songs in the British Empire and to facilitate the licensing of American songs overseas.{{Sfn|''Cash Box'', Aug. 27,|1955|p=30}} He named [[David Platz]] as Professional Manager of Essex Music, Ltd., who started the job on September 1, 1955.{{Sfn|''Cash Box'', Aug. 27,|1955|p=30}} Cromwell Music, Ltd., which had originally been planned to launch in England in 1951, was finally launched in June 1956. Platz was named general manager of Cromwell Music, Ltd. Loring Buzzell left the Richmond organization in October 1955 and went on to form his own music publishing company [[Hecht-Lancaster & Buzzell Music]].{{Sfn|''Billboard'', Mar. 16,|1957|p=18}}

=== Formation of The Richmond Organization (TRO) and 1950s folk revival === In the late 1950s, Richmond restructured the firm under the umbrella company name of The Richmond Organization (commonly abbreviated as TRO), successfully attracting writers providing songs and record producers looking to find them.{{Sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame,|1985}}{{Sfn|''Continuum''. Vol. 1 (Sanjek),|2003|pp=590–591}} One key to Richmond's expansion was his emphasis on promoting [[Gramophone record|records]] through [[radio station]]s and their [[disc jockey]]s, rather than on promoting songs through live performances. In the early 1950s, Richmond had particular success through promoting the songs and work of [[folk music|folk]] performers, notably [[Lead Belly]] (Huddie Ledbetter), [[Woody Guthrie]] and [[The Weavers]], who included [[Pete Seeger]]. Richmond promoted the Weavers' version of Lead Belly's song "[[Goodnight Irene]]" by sending copies of the record to disc jockeys across the US – a technique that had not been widely used before – and the result was sales of over 250,000 [[sheet music]] copies and 500,000 records.{{Sfn|''Continuum''. Vol. 1 (Sanjek),|2003|pp=590–591}} Richmond also worked closely with Woody Guthrie, providing him with a [[tape recorder]] to record his songs, many of which subsequently became commercially successful.{{Sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame,|1985}} Another song that was successfully published and promoted by Richmond was "[[Kisses Sweeter than Wine (song)|Kisses Sweeter Than Wine]]", first performed and recorded by The Weavers and later a hit for [[Jimmie Rodgers (pop singer)|Jimmy Rodgers]]. The song was [[copyright]]ed in the names of Joel Newman and Paul Campbell, both [[pseudonym]]s used by Richmond, though Pete Seeger later claimed that its tune was derived from a traditional [[Irish music|Irish melody]], modified by Lead Belly, with new lyrics by Seeger and [[Lee Hays]].{{Sfn|Seeger (Blood),|1993|p=64}} Similar concerns over authorship have also been expressed in relation to "[[The Lion Sleeps Tonight]]", otherwise known as "Wimoweh", on which "Paul Campbell" is credited as co-writer.{{Sfn|Malan, May.|2000|pp=54–58, 61–62, 64–66, 84–85}}

=== Pop, folk, and rock successes of the 1960s and 1970s === Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, many of the pop songs published by Richmond found success. These included "[[I Believe (1953 song)|I Believe]]", "[[Fly Me to the Moon]]", "[[As Long As He Needs Me]]", "[[What Kind of Fool Am I?]]", and "[[Those Were the Days (song)|Those Were the Days]]", as well as songs initiated by Ledbetter, Guthrie, Seeger and others such as "[[If I Had a Hammer]]", "[[Rock Island Line (song)|Rock Island Line]]", "[[We Shall Overcome]]" and "[[Turn! Turn! Turn!]]". He increasingly developed the company's interests outside of the United States, working with English and French songwriters such as [[Lionel Bart]], [[Anthony Newley]], Leslie Bricusse and [[Charles Aznavour]]. In the 1960s and 1970s, he developed links with writers such as [[Shel Silverstein]] and, through the subsidiary company [[Essex Music]], British [[rock music]]ians including [[Pink Floyd]], [[The Who]], [[David Bowie]], [[The Moody Blues]] and [[Black Sabbath]].{{Sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame,|1985}}

=== Founding of the National Academy of Popular Music (1969) === In 1969, together with [[Johnny Mercer]] and [[Abe Olman]], Richmond co-founded the [[National Academy of Popular Music]] (NAPM) and the [[Songwriters’ Hall of Fame]] to honor songwriters for their contributions to popular music. In 1983, he received the Songwriters Hall of Fame's first ever Abe Olman Publisher of the Year Award.{{Sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame,|1985}} Richmond continued as chairman of the board of The Richmond Organization and The Essex Music Group, although from the 1990s active control was in the hands of his sons, Larry and Frank Richmond.{{Sfn|Songwriters Hall of Fame,|1985}}

=== Death === Richmond died at his home in [[Rancho Mirage, California]], on May 20, 2012.{{Sfn|''Desert Sun'' (Fessier), May 21,|2012|pp=A1 & A2}}{{Sfn|''HuffPost'' (Sigman), May 28,|2012}}

== Parent, subsidiaries, imprints (former and current) == '''Active New York entities (as of January 2015)''' {{div col|colwidth=22em}} * Cromwell Music, Inc. * Cheshire Music, Inc. * Connaught Music, Inc. * Devon Music, Inc. * Essex Music, Inc. * Essex Music International, Inc. * Folkways Music Publishers, Inc. * Hampshire House Publishing Corp. * Hollis Music, Inc. * Ludlow Music, Inc. * Melody Trails, Inc. * Samuel Bronston Music Publishing, Inc. * Songways Service, Inc. * Spencer Music Corporation * The Richmond Organization, Inc. (parent) * Total Music, Inc. * Total Music Services, Inc. * T. R. O., Inc. * MusCadet Productions, Inc. * Musical Comedy Productions, Inc. * Workshop Productions, Inc. * Worldwide Music Services, Inc.

'''Active New York not-for-profit corporation''' * Anita B. and Howard S. Richmond Foundation, Inc. [[501(c) organization#501(c)(3)|501(c)3]]

'''Inactive California entity''' * TRO-Palm Valley Music, Inc. (dissolved)

'''Status not known''' * Dartmouth Music, Inc. * Manchester * Riverside Drive Music, Inc. * Words and Music, Inc. {{div col end}}

== People == {{refbegin|30em|indent=}} * [[Loring Buzzell]] (1927–1959) * [[David Platz]] (1929–1994) {{refend}}

== Bibliography == === Annotations === {{Reflist|group=lower-alpha|30em}}

=== Notes === {{Reflist|30em}}

=== References === {{refbegin|30em|indent=yes}}  * {{cite book |title=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |lang=en-US }} {{ISSN|0006-2510}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Billboard'', Feb. 11,|1950|p=14}} |date=February 11, 1950 |title=''"Cromwell Now All Richmond's"'' |url={{GBurl|OQ4EAAAAMBAJ |pg=PT14 |dq="cromwell+roland}} |volume=62, No. 6 |page=14 |via=Google Books }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Billboard'', Nov. 4,|1950|p=20}} |date=November 4, 1950 |title=''"Richmond Lets Bygones Be"'' |url={{GBurl|2R0EAAAAMBAJ |pg=PA20 |dq=loring+buzzell}} |volume=62, no. 44 |page=20 |via=Google Books}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Billboard'', Apr. 7,|1951|pp=11 & 40}} |date=April 7, 1951 |title=''"Richmond Inks Ludlow, Hollis 50G BMI Deal"'' |url={{GBurl |sh8EAAAAMBAJ |pg=PA11 |dq=buzzell}} |volume=63, no. 14 |page=11 & 40 |via=Google Books}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Billboard'', Sep. 15,|1951|pp=15 & 19}} |date=September 15, 1951 |title=''"Richmond to Start Europe Pub Branches"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_90QEAAAAMBAJ/page/n13/mode/2up?q=cromwell&view=theater |volume=63, no. 37 |pages=15 & 19 |via=Internet Archive}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |date=September 15, 1951 |title=''"Richmond to Start Europe Pub Branches"'' |url={{GBurl|90QEAAAAMBAJ|pg=PA15 |dq=cromwell}} |volume=63, no. 37 |pages=15 & 19 |via=Google Books}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Billboard'', Mar. 16,|1957|p=18}} |date=March 16, 1957 |title=''"Buzzell Ties with Hecht & Lancaster"'' |url={{GBurl |bCAEAAAAMBAJ |pg=PA18 |dq=%22loring+buzzell%22}} |volume=69, no. 11 |page=18 |via=Google Books}} {{free access}}</li></ol></ol>

*{{cite book |date=1953 |title=Biography Index |series=("A Cumulative Index to Biographical Material in Books and Magazines") |others=Bea Joseph (''aka'' Rebecca Joseph; 1899–1988); Charlotte Warren Squires (''née'' Charlotte Eldridge Warren; 1895–1984) (eds.) |location=New York |publisher=[[H.W. Wilson Company]] }} (see ''[[Biography Index]]''), {{LCCN|92644359}} ([[CD ROM]] ed.), {{LCCN|47006532}} (print ed.); {{ISSN|0006-3053}}, {{ISSN|1063-3286}} ([[CD ROM]] ed.); {{OCLC|867588719|show=all}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Biography Index'' (Vol. 2),|1953|p=815}} |title=''Vol. 2, August 1949 – August 1952: "Richmond, Howard S"'' |page=815 }}</li> <ol type="a" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via HathiTrust'' |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015086912972&seq=841 |access-date=November 23, 2025 |via=HathiTrust ([[University of Michigan]])}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via Internet Archive'' |url=https://archive.org/details/biographyindex0000unse/page/814/mode/2up?q=%22richmond%2C+howard%22&view=theater |url-access=registration |access-date=November 23, 2025 |via=Internet Archive}}</li></ol></ol></ol>

*{{cite book |date=2003 |title=Continuum Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World |others=John Shepherd (born 1947); David Horn (born 1942) (eds.) |publisher=[[Continuum International Publishing Group]] |type=1st phase: 8 Vols.}} {{LCCN|2002074146}}; {{ISBN|978-0-8264-6321-0|0-8264-6321-5}} (Vol. 1); {{OCLC|276305981|show=all}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Continuum''. Vol. 1 (Sanjek),|2003|pp=590–591}} |last1=Sanjek |first1=David (1952–2011) |author1-link=David Sanjek |title=''Vol. 1: "Media, Industry and Society". Part II, Chapter 15: "Publishing": "The Richmond Organization"'' |pages=590–591 }}</li> <ol type="a" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via Internet Archive'' |url=https://archive.org/details/continuumencyclo0001unse/page/590/mode/2up?q=590&view=theater |access-date=November 24, 2025 |type=limited preview; [[Library of Trinity College Dublin|Trinity Library]] }}</li> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via Google Books'' |url={{GBurl |0tz5YpijuksC |pg=PA590 |dq="richmond organization"}} |access-date=October 13, 2011 |type=limited preview }}</li></ol></ol></ol> * {{cite book |title=[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cash Box]] |via=[[Internet Archive]] ([[College of William & Mary]] Libraries, [[Earl_Gregg_Swem_Library#Special_Collections_Research_Center|Special Collections Research Center]]) |location=New York |publisher=Cash Box Publishing Company, Inc.}} {{OCLC|55023069}}; {{ISSN|0008-7289}}; {{OCLC|1553471|show=all}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Cash Box'', Jul. 8,|1950|p=16}} |date=July 8, 1950 |title=''"Howie Richmond Forms New BMI Firm via 'Goodnight Irene{{'-}}"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/cashbox11unse_39/page/16/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=11, no. 41 |page= 16}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Cash Box'', Mar. 24,|1951|p=16}} |date=March 24, 1951 |title=''Full-Page Ad'' |url=https://archive.org/details/cashbox12unse_24 |volume=12, no. 26 |page=16 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Cash Box'', Aug. 2,|1952|p=30}} |date=August 2, 1952 |title=''"Folk and Western Roundup" – "Howie Richmond"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/cashbox13unse_43/page/30/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=13, no. 45 |page=30 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Cash Box'', Aug. 27,|1955|p=30}} |date=August 27, 1955 |title=''"Platz to Head Essex Music, Ltd."'' |url=https://archive.org/details/cashbox16unse_47/page/30/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=16, no. 49 |page=30 }} {{free access}}</li></ol></ol>

* {{cite book |title=[[Catalogue of Copyright Entries]] |series=Third Series |publisher=[[Library of Congress]]. [[Copyright Office]]. [[U.S. Government Printing Office]] |via=Internet Archive ([[U.S. Copyright Office]])}} Retrieved April 26, 2021. {{LCCN|06035347}}. <ol type="1" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''"Unpublished Music"''}} <ol type="a" start="1"> <li>{{Cite book |ref={{SfnRef|Copyrights (Unpublished), Jan-Jun|1950|p= }} |title=''January–June 1950: Vol. 4, Part 5B, No. 1'' |url=https://archive.org/details/catalogofcopyri345libr/page/n7/mode/2up?&view=theater}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{Cite book |ref={{SfnRef|Copyrights (Unpublished), Jan-Jun|1951|p= }} |title=''January–June 1951: Vol. 5, Part 5B, No. 1'' |url=https://archive.org/details/catalogofcopyri355libr/page/n7/mode/2up?&view=theater}} {{free access}}</li></ol> <li>{{cite book |title=''"Published Music"''}} <ol type="a" start="1"> <li>{{Cite book |ref={{SfnRef|Copyrights (Published), Jan-Jun|1953|p= }} |title=''January–June 1953: Vol. 7, Part 5A, No. 1'' |url=https://archive.org/details/catalogofcopyrig375li/page/n7/mode/2up?&view=theater}} {{free access}}</li> <ol type="1" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''"Claimant Index" – "Melody Trails, Inc."'' |url=https://archive.org/details/catalogofcopyrig375li/page/470/mode/2up?q=%22melody+trails%2C+inc.%22&view=theater |page=471 }} {{free access}}</li></ol></ol></ol></ol>  * {{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Da Capo'' (Malan),|2001|p=73}} |date=2001 |title=Da Capo Best Music Writing 2001 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pSNIjeDZsSUC&pg=PA73 |others=[[Nick Hornby]] (guest editor), Benjamin G. Schafer (series editor) |publisher=[[Da Capo Press]] }} {{LCCN|2001238193}}; {{ISSN|1546-4067}}; {{ISBN|978-0-3068-1066-4|0-3068-1066-2}}; {{OCLC|45300599|show=all}}; {{OCLC|18916883|show=all}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |last1=Malan |first1=Rian |author1-link=Rian Malan |title=''"In the Jungle" (pp. 59–87) → Part II (of IV): "A Story About Money" (pp. 71–75)''}} <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via Internet Archive'' |url=https://archive.org/details/dacapobestmusicw00seri/page/72/mode/2up?q=73&view=theater |access-date=November 22, 2025 |type=limited preview; [[Kahle/Austin Foundation]] }}</li> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via Internet Archive'' |url=https://archive.org/details/dacapobestmusicw00horn/page/72/mode/2up?q=73&view=theater |access-date=November 22, 2025 |type=limited preview; [[ARChive of Contemporary Music]] }}</li></ol></ol></ol>

*{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Desert Sun'' (Fessier), May 21,|2012|pp=A1 & A2}} |date=21 May 2012 |last1=''Desert Sun'' (''The'') |author1-link=The Desert Sun |last2=Fessier |first2=Bruce |author2-link=Bruce Fessier |title=''"Music Industry Titan, Philanthropist Howie Richmond Dies"'' |url= |access-date= |location=[[Palm Springs, California]] |volume=85, no. 218 |pages=1 & 2 (section A) }} {{LCCN|sn92070115}}; {{OCLC|26432381|show=all}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via Newspapers.com'' |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image-view/195102060/ |access-date=November 25, 2025 |url-access=subscription}}</li> <li>Via {{ProQuest|1014424679|url-access=subscription}} (U.S. Newsstream database).</li></ol></ol>  *{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''HuffPost'' (Sigman), May 28,|2012}} |date=May 28, 2012 |last1=''HuffPost'' |author1-link=HuffPost |last2=Sigman |first2=Michael |title=''"Howie Richmond (1917–2012): Music Publishing Pioneer With a Big Heart"'' |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/howie-richmond_b_1547772 |access-date=January 20, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221024195704/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/howie-richmond_b_1547772 |archive-date=October 24, 2022}} {{free access}}

*{{cite book |date=January 2004 |last1=Malan |first1=Rian |author1-link=Rian Malan |editor1-last=Marks |editor1-first=David |editor1-link=David Marks (songwriter) |title=''"Where Does The Lion Sleep Tonight?"'' |url=http://www.3rdearmusic.com/forum/mbube2.html |location=[[Durban]], [[South Africa]] |publisher=3rd Ear Music: [[Hidden Years Music Archive]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040404015815/http://www.3rdearmusic.com/forum/mbube2.html |archive-date=April 4, 2004 }} {{oclc|870124401}} (article). <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite magazine |ref={{SfnRef|Malan, May.|2000|pp=54–58, 61–62, 64–66, 84–85}} |date=May 14, 2000 |last1=Originally published → |title=In the Jungle: Inside the Long, Hidden Genealogy of 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight' – How American Music Legends Made Millions off the Work of a Zulu Tribesman Who Died a Pauper |magazine=[[Rolling Stone]] |issue=841 |pages=54–58, 61–62, 64–66, 84–85 }} {{ISSN|0035-791X}} (publication). <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via'' Rolling Stone ''blog'' |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/feature/in-the-jungle-inside-the-long-hidden-genealogy-of-the-lion-sleeps-tonight-108274/ |url-status=dead |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 24, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125025251/https://www.rollingstone.com/feature/in-the-jungle-inside-the-long-hidden-genealogy-of-the-lion-sleeps-tonight-108274/ |archive-date=November 25, 2020 }} <li>Via {{ProQuest|2549074714|url-access=subscription}} (''The Rolling Stone'' Archive database).</li></ol></ol></ol>  * {{cite book |title=New York Times ''(''The'')'' |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_New_York_Times }} {{LCCN|sn00061556}}; {{ISSN|0362-4331}}, {{ISSN|1553-8095}} (online). <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''New York Times'', Jun. 9,|1965|p=47}} |date=June 9, 1965 |title=''"Maurice Richmond Dead at 85; Music Publisher and Distributor"'' |edition=Late City |volume=114, no. 39218 |page=47 (columns 2–3, bottom) }}</li> <ol type="a" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via NYTimes blog'' |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1965/06/09/archives/maurice-richmond-dead-at-85-msic-publisher-and-distributor.html |access-date=June 17, 2025 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via TimesMachine'' |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/06/09/101552882.html?pageNumber=47 |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 23, 2025}}</li> <li>{{cite book |title=''Pdf via TimesMachine'' |url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1965/06/09/101552882.pdf |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 23, 2025}}</li> <li>{{cite book |title=''Permalink via TimesMachine'' |url=https://nyti.ms/4idUPJo |url-access=subscription |access-date=November 23, 2025}}</li></ol></ol></ol>  *{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|Seeger (Blood),|1993|p=64}} |date=1993 |last1=Seeger |first1=Pete |author1-link=Pete Seeger |editor1-last=Blood |editor1-first=Peter |title=Where Have All the Flowers Gone: A Singer's Stories, Songs, Seeds, Robberies |location=[[Bethlehem, Pennsylvania]] |publisher=Sing Out Corporation |page=64}} {{LCCN|93008352}}; {{ISBN|978-1-8813-2201-6|1-8813-2201-7}}; {{OCLC|28150656|show=all}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''Via Google Books'' |url={{GBurl |h3kZAQAAIAAJ |pg=1 |q=kisses}} |access-date= |type=preview unavailable; snippet view only }}</li></ol></ol>

*{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|Songwriters Hall of Fame,|1985}} |title=''[[Songwriters Hall of Fame]]'' }} <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |title=''"Exhibit: Howard S. Richmond" – "Bio"'' |url=https://www.songhall.org/profiles/howard-s-richmond |url-status=live |access-date=October 13, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20251125012333/https://www.songhall.org/profiles/howard-s-richmond |archive-date=November 25, 2025 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |title=''"Special Awards: Abe Olman Publisher Award" – "About"'' |url=https://www.songhall.org/special-awards/abe-olman-publisher-award |url-status=live |access-date=October 13, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250905160954/https://www.songhall.org/special-awards/abe-olman-publisher-award |archive-date=September 5, 2025 }} {{free access}}</li></ol></ol> <div style="margin-left:7em">Richmond received the Abe Olman Publish Award in 1985.</div>

* {{cite book |title=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |type=weekly |lang=en-US |via=[[Internet Archive]] ([[Media History Digital Library]]) }} Retrieved April 26, 2021. {{LCCN|76646510}}; {{ISSN|0042-2738}}; {{OCLC|5250629|show=all}}. <ol type="i" start="1"> <ol type="i" start="1"> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Aug. 3,|1949|p=37}} |date=August 3, 1949 |title=''"Trio Set Up Co. To Publish Odd Tune"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety175-1949-08/page/n37/mode/2up?q=trio&view=theater |volume=175, no. 8 |page=37 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Jul. 26,|1950|p=107}} |date=July 26, 1950 |title=''Spencer Music Corp.'s Vertical Display Ad Promoting "Goodnight, Irene"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety179-1950-07/page/n273/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=179, no. 7 |page=107 |type=see "[[Goodnight, Irene]]"}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Sep. 20,|1950|p=43}}|date=September 20, 1950 |title=''"Richmond's 3D Firm to Avoid 'Bunching{{'-}}"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety179-1950-09/page/n169/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=180, no. 2 |page=43 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Oct. 4,|1950|p=48}} |date=October 4, 1950 |title=''"Richmond Switches Tag"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety180-1950-10/page/n47/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=180, no. 4 |page=48 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Nov. 1,|1950|p=43}} |date=November 1, 1950 |title=''"Buzzell Pro Mgr. of New Richmond Firm"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety180-1950-11/page/n41/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=180, no. 8 |page=43}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Dec. 27,|1950|p=31}} |date=December 27, 1950 |title=''"Brackman Joins Richmond"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety180-1950-12/page/n233/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=181, no. 3 |page=31 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Jan. 31,|1951|p=41}} |date=January 31, 1951 |title=''"Millinder's Theatre Date Cross-Country Junket"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety181-1951-01 |volume=181, no. 8 |page=41 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Aug. 29,|1951|pp=49–52}} |date=August 29, 1951 |title=''"Weavers Show up at O. State Fair, but Are Nixed; Heidt Puts $ With AFM"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety183-1951-08-29/page/n51/mode/2up?q=kameron&view=theater |volume=183, no. 12 |pages=49 & 52}} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Mar. 5,|1952|p=57}} |date=March 5, 1952 |title=''Dartmouth Music's Vertical Display Ad Promoting "Since My Love Has Gone"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety185-1952-03/page/n57/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=185, no. 13 |page=57 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', May 7,|1952|p=41}} |date=May 7, 1952 |title=''Howie Richmond Opens Fifth Firm Under BMI'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety186-1952-05/page/n39/mode/2up?q=%22melody+trails%22&view=theater |volume=186, no. 9 |page=41 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Jul. 23,|1952|p=46}} |date=July 23, 1952 |title=''"Orchestras-Music": "On the Upbeat" – "New York" – "Pete Kameron"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety187-1952-07/page/n293/mode/2up?q=kameron&view=theater |volume=187, no. 7 |page=46 }} {{free access}}</li> <li>{{cite book |ref={{SfnRef|''Variety'', Oct. 26,|1955|p=40}} |date=October 26, 1955 |title=''"Indie Diskers Call Tune for Major 'Covers{{'-}}"'' |url=https://archive.org/details/variety200-1955-10/page/n271/mode/2up?&view=theater |volume=200, no. 8 |page=40 }} {{free access}}</li></ol></ol>

{{DEFAULTSORT:Richmond, Howie}} [[Category:1918 births]] [[Category:2012 deaths]] [[Category:American music publishers (people)]] [[Category:American music industry executives]] [[Category:Loomis Chaffee School alumni]]  [[Category:People from New York City]] [[Category:20th-century American businesspeople]] [[Category:21st-century American businesspeople]] [[Category:Yale University alumni]] [[Category:University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni]] [[Category:United States Army personnel of World War II]] [[Category:American military personnel of World War II]] [[Category:American company founders]]