{{Short description|Gallo-Roman saint (died 303)}} {{Other uses|Honorine (disambiguation){{!}}Honorine}} {{Infobox saint | honorific_prefix = Saint |name= Honorina |birth_date=3rd century |death_date= {{circa|303}} |feast_day= 27 February |venerated_in= {{ubl|Eastern Orthodox Church|Roman Catholic Church}} |image= Statue de Sainte-Honorine sur l'église de Corbeil-Cerf.JPG |imagesize= |caption=Statue of St Honorina at a church in Corbeil-Cerf |birth_place= |death_place= Northern France |titles= |beatified_date= |beatified_place= |beatified_by= |canonized_date=Pre-congregation |canonized_place= |canonized_by= |attributes= Palm of martyrdom; chain or shackle held in the hand |patronage= Boatmen and sailors, prisoners and captives; the {{lang|fr|commune}} of Conflans-Sainte-Honorine |major_shrine= {{lang|fr|Chapelle Sainte-Honorine}} in the {{ill|Church of Saint Maclou at Conflans-Sainte-Honorine|fr|Église Saint-Maclou de Conflans-Sainte-Honorine}} |suppressed_date= |issues= }} '''Saint Honorina''' ({{langx|fr|Sainte Honorine}}) was a 3rd-century virgin martyr of Gallo-Roman northern France, venerated as a saint in the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches.{{sfnp|Orthodox West Initiative}}{{sfnp|Monks of Ramsgate|1921}} Believed to have been killed in the first years of the 4th century during the persecutions of Diocletian, very little is known of her life, apart from her reputed martyrdom for maintaining her Christian faith.{{sfnp|Monks of Ramsgate|1921}}{{sfnp|Borrelli|2002}}
She is one of the earliest martyrs of Gaul, still revered in northern France, especially in Normandy and Île-de-France, where there are a number of {{lang|fr|communes}}, chapels and churches named for her.{{sfnp|Monks of Ramsgate|1921}}{{sfnp|Dagallier|2018}} The {{lang|fr|commune}} of Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, where her relics are kept in the parish church of Saint Maclou, claims her as their patron saint. She is also the patron saint of sailors and boatmen of inland waterways.{{sfnp|Dagallier|2018}} Prisoners and captives traditionally invoke her name in praying for aid. Her feast day falls on 27 February.{{sfnp|Dunbar|1904}}
==Tradition== In the traditional account, Honorina belonged to the Gallic tribe of Calates from the Pays de Caux region. Martyred during the persecutions of Diocletian, near the modern farming town of Mélamare, between Lillebonne and Harfleur, her body was thrown into the Seine by the pagans.{{sfnp|Borrelli|2002}} It drifted to Graville, later called Graville-Sainte-Honorine, which is now a district of the modern city of Le Havre. Reputedly, local Christians recovered Honorina's remains, first burying them at the foot of a cliff nearby; later, monks reinterred her remains in a reliquary, housed in a church they built to honour her.{{sfnp|Dagallier|2018}} Other traditions hold that she was martyred at Coulonces, Calvados, or in the Pays d'Auge, where several villages bear her name.{{sfnp|Borrelli|2002}}
==Relics== A community of monks established a priory in the 5th century at Graville-Sainte-Honorine, where they built a church dedicated to Saint Honorina, moving her relics there.{{sfnp|Dagallier|2018}} In 876, with the coast threatened by the Normans, the monks moved the relics for safekeeping. The reliquary was transported inland, to a fortress at the confluence of the Seine and the Oise, and placed them in the chapel of the fortress.{{sfnp|Dagallier|2018}}
In 1080, the priory of Conflans was founded at the site by Benedictine monks from Bec Abbey, probably to provide for pilgrims visiting the relics. During the course of a dynastic struggle for succession to the lordship of Conflans, its wooden castle was destroyed in a siege on 21 June 1082. It was decided that a new church, further from the castle, should be built to house the rescued relics. In 1086, the new church, dedicated to Honorina, was completed. Her relics were solemnly translated there, in the presence of the bishop of Paris and Anselm, the Abbot of Bec Abbey, later the Archbishop of Canterbury and Doctor of the Church. It is from these events that ''Conflans'' become known as Conflans-Sainte-Honorine.{{sfnp|Dagallier|2018}}{{sfnp|Borrelli|2002}}
==Veneration== left|thumb|200px|The church of Sainte-Honorine. Conflans-Sainte-Honorine. {{For|places named in the saint's honour|Sainte-Honorine (disambiguation)}} A confraternity was founded in her honour in later years, and special indulgences associated with her cult were also approved. Saint Honorina is the patron saint of boatmen, since Conflans-Sainte-Honorine became a port of arrival for the tugs that travel on the rivers and canals of northern France.{{sfnp|Borrelli|2002}}
Prisoners who were liberated thanks to the divine intercession of Saint Honorina brought their chains as an ex-voto.{{sfnp|Gautier|1876|p=146}}{{sfnp|Dunbar|1904}}
A regional pilgrimage, on Ascension Day, developed thanks to the monks of the priory of Conflans, who were associated with Bec Abbey.{{sfnp|Dagallier|2018}}
There are several French towns that are named ''Sainte-Honorine''.
==See also== * Honorine de Graville at the French Wikipedia, {{in lang|fr}}
==Notes== ===Citations=== {{reflist}}
===Sources=== * {{cite book |author=((The Benedictine Monks of St. Augustine's Abbey, Ramsgate ["The monks of Ramsgate"] )) |title=The Book of Saints: A Dictionary of Servants of God Canonised by the Catholic Church |chapter=Honorina (St.) V. M. |page=138 |date=1921 |publisher=A. & C. Black Ltd. |chapter-url=https://www.forgottenbooks.com/en/readbook/TheBookofSaints_10144476#149 |location=London |isbn=978-0-265-23529-4 |id=Digitised and republished online by Forgotten Books, 2022|ref={{sfnref|Monks of Ramsgate|1921}} }} * {{cite encyclopedia|access-date=18 March 2023|url=http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/42950 |title=Sant' Onorina |first=Antonio |last=Borrelli |date=13 October 2002 |encyclopedia=Santi, beati e testimoni: Enciclopedia dei Santi|language=it}} * {{cite web |last1=Dagallier |first1=Anne |title=Honorine, une sainte aux précieuses reliques |date=4 October 2018 |access-date=18 March 2023 |url=https://www.catholique78.fr/2018/10/04/honorine-une-sainte-aux-precieuses-reliques/ |website=Diocèse de Versailles| publisher=Église catholique en Yvelines |language=fr-FR}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last1=Dunbar |first1=Agnes Baillie Cunninghame |encyclopedia=A Dictionary of Saintly Women |volume=1 |date=1904 |publisher=Bell |location=London |page=393 |url=https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfSaintlyWomenV1 |title=St. Honoria (1) Feb. 27}} * {{cite book |last1=Gautier |first1=Vital Jean |title=Pouillé du diocèse de Versailles |date=1876 |publisher=Chez Victor Palmé |location=Paris |page=146 |url=http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb32152016q |access-date=19 March 2023}} * {{cite web |title=The Orthodox Saints of France: 'H' |url=https://www.orthodoxwestinitiative.com/france-2/h-france-saints |website=The Orthodox West: A resource for the Orthodox Saints of Western lands |publisher=Orthodox West Initiative |access-date=18 March 2023|ref={{sfnref|Orthodox West Initiative}} }}
==External links== * [https://web.archive.org/web/20070306195932/http://www.catholic-forum.com/saintS/sainth5e.htm Patron Saints: Honorina] * [http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=3797 Catholic Online entry on Saint Honorina] (copied from Wikipedia) * French Ministry of Culture records of reliquary and chapel archtitecture: ** {{cite web |title=Décor d'architecture de la chapelle Sainte-Honorine |website=www.pop.culture.gouv.fr |language=fr |url=https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/IM78002474}} ** {{cite web |title=2 châsses: Sainte Marguerite et sainte Honorine |url=https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/IM78002477 |website=www.pop.culture.gouv.fr|language=fr}}
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Category:People from Normandy Category:3rd-century births Category:303 deaths Category:3rd-century Roman women Category:4th-century Roman women Category:4th-century Romans Category:3rd-century Christian saints Category:4th-century Christian martyrs Category:Gallo-Roman saints Category:Ancient Christian female saints