{{More citations needed|date=April 2023}} {{Coord|23.36|N|103.37|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-53_source:Gaode|display=t}}<!--Honghe Pref. govt coords, rounded--> {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement | name = Honghe Prefecture | other_name = | native_name = {{lang|zh-Hans|红河州}} | official_name = Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture<br/>{{longitem|style=font-size:110%;|{{nobold|{{nativename|zh|红河哈尼族彝族自治州}}<br/>{{nativename|hni|Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel}}<br/>{{nativename|ii|ꉼꉻꆈꌠꊨꏦꏱꅉꍏ}}}}}} | settlement_type = Autonomous prefecture | motto = <!-- images and maps -----------> | image_skyline = {{multiple image |border = infobox |total_width = 280px |image_style = border:1; |perrow = 2/2/2 |image1 = Scenery of Nanhu Lake.jpg |caption1 = Mengzi South Lake |image2 = 个旧市天际线 - 2023-08-13 04.jpg |caption2 = Downtown of Gejiu |image3 = Shuanglong Bridge Jianshui.JPG |caption3 = Jianshui Double Dragon Bridge |image4 = Bisezhai Railway Station (20230405125903).jpg |caption4 = Bisezhai Railway Station |image5 = 東方韻特色小鎮 20191224155438 01.jpg |caption5 = Mile Dongfengyun art town |image6 = Terrace field yunnan china edit.jpg |caption6 = Hani Rice Terraces }} | image_seal = | seal_size = | image_map = Honghe in Yunnan.svg | mapsize = | map_caption = Location of Honghe Prefecture in Yunnan | image_map1 = | mapsize1 = | map_caption1 = | image_dot_map = | dot_mapsize = | dot_map_caption = | dot_x = | dot_y = <!-- Location ------------------> | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = People's Republic of China | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = Yunnan | subdivision_type2 = County-level division | subdivision_name2 = 3 county-level cities<br/>7 counties<br/>3 autonomous counties | subdivision_type3 = | subdivision_name3 = | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | seat_type = Prefecture seat | seat = Mengzi <!-- Politics ----------------->| government_footnotes = | government_type = | leader_title = | leader_name = | leader_title1 = <!-- for places with, say, both a mayor and a city manager --> | leader_name1 = | leader_title2 = | leader_name2 = | leader_title3 = | leader_name3 = | leader_title4 = | leader_name4 = | established_title = Prefecture established | established_date = 6 September 1957 | established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (town) --> | established_date2 = | established_title3 = <!-- Incorporated (city) --> | established_date3 = <!-- Area ---------------------> | area_magnitude = | unit_pref = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired--> | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 32929 | area_land_km2 = <!--See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on automatic unit conversion--> <!-- Population ----------------------->| population_as_of = 31 December 2019 | population_footnotes = | population_note = | population_total = 4775000 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_blank1_title = | population_blank1 = | population_density_blank1_km2 = | population_blank2_title = | population_blank2 = | demographics_type2 = GDP<ref>{{cite book |author=云南省统计局、国家统计局云南调查总队 |title=《云南统计年鉴－2023》|date=December 2023 |publisher=China Statistics Press |isbn=978-7-5037-9653-1}}</ref> | demographics2_title1 = Autonomous prefecture | demographics2_info1 = CN¥ 286.3 billion<br />US$ 42.2 billion | demographics2_title2 = Per capita | demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 64,768<br />US$ 9,553 <!-- General information ---------------> | timezone = China Standard | utc_offset = +8 | elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> tags--> | elevation_m = <!-- Area/postal codes & others --------> | postal_code_type = Postal code | postal_code = 661400 | area_code = 0873 | iso_code = CN-YN-25 | blank_name = Licence plate prefixes | blank_info = {{lang|zh-cn|云G}} | blank1_name = | blank1_info = | website = [http://www.hh.gov.cn/ HH.gov.cn] | footnotes = | elevation_max_m = 3074.3 | elevation_max_point = Xilongshan, Jinping County | elevation_min_point = Confluence of the Hong River and Nanxi River in Hekou | elevation_min_m = 76.4 | population_urban = 33.7% }}
[[File:Jianshui-shi-chao-yang-lou.jpg|thumb|The old city gate of Jianshui County]] [[File:Yuanyang sunset rice terraced mountain.jpg|thumb|Rice terraced mountains of Yuanyang County near sunset]]
{{Infobox Chinese|title=Honghe|psp=Hungho|s=红河|t=紅河|w=Hung<sup>2</sup>-ho<sup>2</sup>|p=Hónghé}} {{Infobox Chinese|psp=Hungho Hani and I Autonomous Prefecture|s=红河哈尼族彝族自治州|t=紅河哈尼族彝族自治州|w=Hung<sup>2</sup>-ho<sup>2</sup> Ha<sup>1</sup>-ni<sup>2</sup>-tsu<sup>2</sup> I<sup>2</sup>-tsu<sup>2</sup> Tzu<sup>4</sup>-chih<sup>4</sup>-chou<sup>1</sup>|p=Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu}}
'''Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture''' ({{lang-zh|s=红河哈尼族彝族自治州|t=紅河哈尼族彝族自治州|p=Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu}}; Hani: {{lang|hni|Haoqhoq Haqniqssaq Haqhholssaq Ziiqziifzel}}; Yi: ꉼꉸꉳꆃꁈꆃꁈꊨꏦꍓ) is an autonomous prefecture in Southeast-Central Yunnan Province, China, bordering Vietnam's Lào Cai and Lai Châu provinces to the south. Its name is derived from the Hong (Red) River and the two major ethnic minority groups who live there: the Yi and the Hani. Honghe has an area of {{convert|32929|km2}} and its seat is Mengzi. The total population is 4.8 million, of which 61.3% belong to ethnic minorities.
In 2008, the ''State Administration of Cultural Heritage'' of the People's Republic of China nominated the Honghe Hani Terraced Fields of Yuanyang County for World Heritage Site status. It was added to the list on 22 June 2013, bringing the total number of World Heritage Sites in China to 45. At the end of 2024, the resident population of the state was 4.339 million.<ref>{{Cite web|title=(云南省)红河州2024年国民经济和社会发展统计公报-红黑统计公报库|url=https://tjgb.hongheiku.com/djs/62328.html|website=tjgb.hongheiku.com|access-date=2025-12-01}}</ref>
== Subdivisions == The prefecture is subdivided into 13 county-level divisions: 4 county-level cities, 6 counties, and 3 autonomous counties:
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; width:50%;" align=center !colspan="6" align="center" | Map |- |colspan="6" align="center" | <div style="position: relative" class="center"> {{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Honghe.png|width=540|link=}} {{Image label|x=910|y=1130|scale=540/1800|text='''Gejiu<br/>{{small|(City)}}'''}} {{Image label|x=1110|y=820|scale=540/1800|text='''Kaiyuan<br/>{{small|(City)}}'''}} {{Image label|x=1180|y=1110|scale=540/1800|text='''Mengzi<br/>{{small|(City)}}'''}} {{Image label|x=1110|y=430|scale=540/1800|text='''Mile<br/>{{small|(City)}}'''}} {{Image label|x=1230|y=1310|scale=540/1800|text='''Pingbian<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=740|y=850|scale=540/1800|text='''Jianshui<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=420|y=820|scale=540/1800|text='''Shiping<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=1390|y=200|scale=540/1800|text='''Luxi<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=710|y=1310|scale=540/1800|text='''Yuanyang<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=290|y=1180|scale=540/1800|text='''Honghe<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=800|y=1540|scale=540/1800|text='''Jinping<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=280|y=1480|scale=540/1800|text='''Lüchun<br/>County'''}} {{Image label|x=1420|y=1570|scale=540/1800|text='''Hekou<br/>County'''}} {{Image label end}} </div> |- ! width="150" | Name ! width="80" | Hanzi ! width="100" | Hanyu Pinyin ! Population<br/>(2010) ! Area (km<sup>2</sup>) ! Density<br/>(/km<sup>2</sup>) |---------- |Mengzi City |{{lang|zh|蒙自市}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Méngzì Shì}} |417,200 |2,228 |187 |---------- |Gejiu City |{{lang|zh-Hans|个旧市}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Gèjiù Shì}} |459,800 |1,597 |288 |---------- |Kaiyuan City |{{lang|zh-Hans|开远市}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Kāiyuǎn Shì}} |322,700 |2,009 |161 |---------- |Mile City |{{lang|zh-Hans|弥勒市}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Mílè Shì}} |539,700 |4,004 |135 |---------- |Lüchun County |{{lang|zh-Hans|绿春县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Lǜchūn Xiàn}} |222,200 |3,167 |70 |---------- |Jianshui County |{{lang|zh-Hans|建水县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Jiànshuǐ Xiàn}} |531,500 |3,940 |135 |---------- |Shiping County |{{lang|zh-Hans|石屏县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Shípíng Xiàn}} |299,100 |3,090 |97 |---------- |Luxi County |{{lang|zh-Hans|泸西县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Lúxī Xiàn}} |400,700 |1,674 |239 |---------- |Yuanyang County |{{lang|zh-Hans|元阳县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Yuányáng Xiàn}} |396,800 |2,292 |173 |---------- |Honghe County |{{lang|zh-Hans|红河县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Hónghé Xiàn}} |296,500 |2,034 |146 |---------- |Jinping Miao, Yao and Dai Autonomous County |{{lang|zh-Hans|金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Jīnpíng Miáozú Yáozú Dǎizú Zìzhìxiàn}} |356,200 |3,677 |97 |---------- |Hekou Yao Autonomous County |{{lang|zh-Hans|河口瑶族自治县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Hékǒu Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn}} |104,600 |1,313 |80 |---------- |Pingbian Miao Autonomous County |{{lang|zh-Hans|屏边苗族自治县}} |{{Transliteration|zh|Píngbiān Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn}} |154,000 |1,905 |81 |}
==Demographics== At the end of 2019, Honghe Prefecture had 4.775 million residents, of which 61.3% belonged to ethnic minorities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=美丽红河__红河哈尼族彝族自治州人民政府门户网站|url=http://www.hh.gov.cn/mlhh/|access-date=2021-01-23|website=hh.gov.cn}}</ref>
===Ethnic groups in Honghe, 2010 census=== {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;" |- ! Nationality ! Population ! Percentage |- | align=left| Han | 1,928,601 | 42.85% |- | align=left| Yi | 1,043,599 | 23.19% |- | align=left| Hani | 789,702 | 17.55% |- | align=left| Hmong | 326,141 | 7.25% |- | align=left| Zhuang | 111,182 | 2.47% |- | align=left| Dai | 106,150 | 2.36% |- | align=left| Yao | 92,759 | 2.06% |- | align=left| Hui | 74,767 | 1.66% |- | align=left| Lahu | 11,430 | 0.25% |- | align=left| Bai | 4,846 | 0.11% |- | align=left| Others | 11,719 | 0.26% |- |'''Total''' |4,500,896 | |}
===Ethnic subgroups=== [[File:Red River valley between Manhao and Lianhuatan - P1380190 - banana tree by the Red River.jpg|thumb|The Red River forms the border between Honghe Prefecture's Jinping County (background) and Hekou County (foreground). Bananas are grown in abundance on both sides of the river]]
Honghe Prefecture has the following ethnic Hani subgroups (''Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer'' 1989:32):
*Hani *Nuobi *Nuomei *Ache *Lami *Baihong *Asuo *Budu *Qide *Gehe *Biyue *Kaduo *Ha'ou ({{lang|zh-Hans|哈欧}}) *Enu (Ximoluo)
Honghe Prefecture has the following 10 ethnic Yi subgroups (''Honghe Ethnic Gazetteer'' 1989:68):
*Nisubo {{lang|zh-Hans|尼苏泼}} (exonyms and other names: Luoluo {{lang|zh-Hans|罗罗}}, Sandaohong {{lang|zh-Hans|三道红}}, Huayao {{lang|zh|花腰}}, Muji {{lang|zh|母基}}) *Nibo {{lang|zh-Hans|尼泼}} (exonyms and other names: Sani {{lang|zh|撒尼}}, Azhe {{lang|zh|阿哲}}) *Gepo {{lang|zh-Hans|葛泼}} (exonyms and other names: White Yi {{lang|zh|白彝}}) *Siqi {{lang|zh|斯期}} (exonyms and other names: Large Black Yi {{lang|zh|大黑彝}}, Small Black Yi {{lang|zh|小黑彝}}) *Axibo {{lang|zh-Hans|阿细泼}} (exonyms and other names: Axi {{lang|zh-Hans|阿细}}) *Puwabo {{lang|zh-Hans|朴瓦泼}}, Pulebo {{lang|zh-Hans|普勒泼}} (exonyms and other names: Pula {{lang|zh|朴喇}}) *Alubo {{lang|zh-Hans|阿鲁泼}} (exonyms and other names: Alu {{lang|zh-Hans|阿鲁}}) *Lesubo {{lang|zh-Hans|勒苏泼}} (exonyms and other names: Shansu {{lang|zh-Hans|山苏}}) *Luobo {{lang|zh-Hans|罗泼}} (exonyms and other names: Awu {{lang|zh-Hans|阿务}}, Laowu {{lang|zh-Hans|老乌}}) *Xiangtang {{lang|zh|香堂}}
==Transportation==
=== Roads ===
* G80 Guangzhou–Kunming Expressway * G8011 Kaiyuan–Hekou Expressway * G5615 Tianbao–Houqiao Expressway * S45 Yuanjiang–Manhao Expressway * China National Highway 219 * China National Highway 323 * China National Highway 326 * China National Highway 553
=== Railways === The prefecture is crossed by the early-20th century narrow-gauge Kunming–Hai Phong Railway and its branches. These railways have lost most of their economic importance after the opening of the standard-gauge Kunming-Hekou railway (whose sections within the prefecture are the Yuxi–Mengzi Railway and the Mengzi–Hekou Railway).
The prefecture is also served by the Nanning–Kunming high-speed railway and Mile–Mengzi Railway (under construction).
=== Airport === Honghe Mengzi Airport is being built in the prefectural capital Mengzi.<ref>{{Cite web|title=红河蒙自机场开工建设|url=http://www.hh.gov.cn/szhh/zwdt/202011/t20201118_481234.html|access-date=2021-05-15|website=hh.gov.cn}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons category|Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture}} * [http://www.hh.gov.cn/ Honghe Prefecture official website] * [https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5346/ Hani fields]
{{wikivoyage}}
{{Other ethnic minorities autonomy in the People's Republic of China}} {{Yi autonomy in the People's Republic of China}} {{Yunnan}} {{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}
{{authority control}}
Category:Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture Category:Hani autonomous counties Category:Yi autonomous prefectures Category:Autonomous prefectures of Yunnan