{{Short description|Suburb of Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England}} {{Use British English|date=October 2013}} {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}} '''Summergangs''' (archaic ''Somergang'') is a suburb of Kingston upon Hull, near the A165 road, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The area contains the model village development known as The Garden Village and East Park.
==History== 'Somergang' is referred to in the early 14th century as common pasture land,<ref name="Allison460">{{cite book|url= http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66793#s3| title = Outlying villages: Drypool : Agriculture| series= A History of the County of York East Riding |volume=1: The City of Kingston upon Hull |year =1969| pages= 460–464|editor-first=K. J.| editor-last = Allison }}</ref> and to a cross in Somergang during the same period, also as a pasture called ''Suttecotes Som'gang'' (or ''Suttecotessomergang''<ref>{{cite web|page = 48|url = https://archive.org/details/cu31924084250616| title = Yorkshire inquisitions of the reigns of Henry III. and Edward I |volume =IV|year =1906|editor-first = William|editor-last= Brown}}</ref>).{{sfn|Blashill|1900|p=79}}
The drainage canal known as the 'Somergangs Dike' originates to a 13th-century ditch created by Saer de Sutton,<ref name="agr">{{cite book| chapter-url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=66796#s3|chapter= Outlying villages: Sutton : Agriculture|title= A History of the County of York East Riding| volume = 1: The City of Kingston upon Hull |year = 1969|pages = 470–475| url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=549| editor-first = K. J.|editor-last= Allison}}</ref> this ditch formed the boundary with Sutton to the north.{{sfn|Blashill|1900|p=130}}
The name may derive from the indo-European word "gang/geng"<ref>{{wiktionary-inline|gang}}</ref> meaning a road or way plus "summer",<ref>{{cite book|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FkYOAAAAQAAJ| title = English Place Names| first = Kenneth|last= Cameron|year = 1961| publisher = B.T. Batsford / Methuen & Co. Ltd. / Redwood Press Limited| page = 159| chapter = 15. Roads and Ways| chapter-url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FkYOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA159 }}</ref> referring to a road which was only usable in summer, or from "South" + "Mer" (Mere).<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyantiquiti02poul/page/341 341]| title =The history and antiquities of the seigniory of Holderness, in the East-Riding of the county of York |first= George|last= Poulson|year= 1841| volume =2| publisher = Thomas Topping, Bowlalley-Lane, Hull / W. Pickering, London|url = https://archive.org/details/historyantiquiti02poul}}</ref> The etymologies refer to the wetness of the (low lying) land and to the use of the land during the (drier) summer months.<ref name="Allison460"/>{{sfn|Blashill|1903|pp=44–45}}
The fields in Summergangs were enclosed in 1748,<ref name="agr"/> a large residence with grounds was constructed soon after on the north side of the road, this was later called Holderness House after rebuilding in the 1830s. Apart from this the Summergangs area remained unused for housing until the 1850s.<ref name="hh1"/>
By 1855 there were several windmills, a brickworks, as well as the Crown Inn at Mile House; all on the Holderness Road, as well as Holderness House, and the nearby ''Summergangs Cottages''.<ref>Ordnance Survey, 1855–1856, 1:10.560</ref> East Park was opened in 1887, and expanded north-eastward in the next half century to occupy much of Summergangs north of Holderness Road and Holderness House;<ref name="HCC">{{cite web|url=http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/portal/page?_pageid=221,131100&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL|title=East Park|publisher=Hull City Council|access-date=21 August 2011}}</ref> by the 1890s housing had begun to spread north-eastwards along Holderness Road from Drypool and The Groves as far as Holderness Road, and urbanisation had started to spread into the formerly rural area; along Durham and Jalland Street north-westwards, as well as eastwards along Southcoates Lane towards Southcoates.<ref>Ordnance Survey, 1893–1894, 1:10,560</ref>
In 1908 The Garden Village housing development opened, eventually taking up much of the land south-west of Holderness House and north of Holderness Road. All of the Summergangs area was converted into suburban or urban parkland from 1900 to the 1940s.<ref>Ordnance Survey, 1910, 1928, and 1938–46 editions</ref> Since the 1940s the pattern of land usage has remained the same up to 2010.
===Holderness House===<!-- Holderness House redirects here --> thumb|'Summergangs House', pre-1828 After the enclosure of Summergangs in 1748 a part owned by William Constable on the north side of the Hull to Hedon road (Holderness Road) was built upon,<ref name="hh1">{{harvnb|Blashill|1903|p=62}}</ref> this dwelling was named ''Summergangs Hall'', and modernised in 1800.<ref>"Holderness Road (West), Hull City Council, section 6.8</ref>
In 1838 the land was sold to Boswell Middleton Jalland who demolished the old house and built ''Holderness House''.<ref name="hh1"/><ref group="Map">{{coord|53.758870|-0.307964|type:landmark|display=inline}} Holderness House, Holderness Road, Kingston upon Hull</ref> The building is now a grade II listed building, and functions as a residential home for Ladies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-387620-holderness-house-kingston-upon-hull| title = Holderness House, Kingston Upon Hull| work = British Listed Buildings|access-date=27 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.holdernesshousetrust.co.uk/| title = Holderness House| publisher = Holderness House Trust|access-date=27 January 2013}}</ref>
==See also== *East Park, Kingston upon Hull and The Garden Village, Kingston upon Hull – occupying the majority of the Summergangs area *J. Arthur Rank (1888–1972), of the Rank Organisation, was born at ''4, Chestnut Villas'' (371 Holderness Road) *List of areas in Kingston upon Hull {{Clear}}
==References== {{reflist|30em}} *Philip's Street Atlas East Yorkshire (page 141)
===Sources=== *{{cite book|title=Sutton-in-Holderness: the manor, the berewic, and the village community| year=1900|first = Thomas|last= Blashill| url = https://archive.org/details/suttoninholderne00blasiala| publisher = Elliot Stock, London}} *{{cite book| url = https://archive.org/details/evidencesrelati00clubgoog| title = Evidences Relating to the Eastern Part of the City of Kingston-upon-Hull| first =Thomas |last=Blashill|year = 1903| publisher = A. Brown & Sons.}} *{{cite web| url = http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/HOME/PLANNING/CONSERVATION/CONSERVATION%20AREAS/HOLDERNESS%20ROAD%20(WEST)%20-%20CACA.PDF| title =Holderness Road (West) : Conservation Area Character Appraisal | publisher = Hull City Council| date = June 2004|access-date=27 January 2013}} *{{cite web| url = http://www.hullcc.gov.uk/pls/portal/docs/PAGE/HOME/PLANNING/CONSERVATION/CONSERVATION%20AREAS/HOLDERNESS%20ROAD%20(EAST)%20-%20CACA.PDF | title = Holderness Road (East) : Conservation Area Character Appraisal| publisher = Hull City Council|date =September 2004|access-date=27 January 2013}}
===Maps=== {{reflist|group="Map"}}
===Further information=== *{{cite web|url=http://www.houlton1.karoo.net/GVAHIST1.htm#sh|title= Summergangs Hall|work = History of the Garden Village Area| first = J.W. |last=Houlton|access-date=21 August 2011}}
==External links== {{commons category|Summergangs}}
{{Kingston upon Hull|state=collapsed}}
{{coord|53.76010|-0.310971|display=title|type:city}}
Category:Wards and districts of Kingston upon Hull Category:Geographic histories of Kingston upon Hull