Hogan Jazz Archive

{{Short description|Jazz music archive in the United States}} {{Infobox library | name = Hogan Archive of New Orleans Music and New Orleans Jazz | image = File:Valeriy Pisigin at Hogan Jazz Archive, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, April 2016.jpg | caption = Researcher Valeriy Pisigin at the Hogan Jazz Archive in 2016 | image_upright = 1.35 | country = United States | type = Research library and archive | established = 1958 | location = 6801 Freret Street, Jones Hall, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118 | items_collected = Oral histories, recordings, sheet music, images, research notes | collection_size = approx. 140,000 holdings as of 2009 | website = {{URL|https://jazz.tulane.edu/}} }} The '''Hogan Archive of New Orleans Music and New Orleans Jazz''' is an academic repository located at Tulane University in New Orleans, Louisiana. The archive specializes in Dixieland Jazz, gospel, blues, rhythm and blues, Creole songs, and related musical genres. Its collection includes oral histories, audio and video recordings, photos and other images, sheet music, personal papers, and teaching aids.<ref name="Homepage">{{cite web |title=Hogan Jazz Archive |url=https://jazz.tulane.edu/ |website=tulane.edu |publisher=Tulane University |accessdate=3 October 2020}}</ref>

Originally named the '''Archive of New Orleans Jazz''' and later renamed the '''William Ransom Hogan Jazz Archive''',<ref name="TulaneLibrary" /> it is often simply referred to as the '''Hogan Jazz Archive'''.<ref name="JazzOnline">{{cite web |title=Wlliam Ransom Hogan Archive of New Orleans Jazz at Tulane |url=https://www.jazzstudiesonline.org/outside-resource/wlliam-ransom-hogan-archive-new-orleans-jazz-tulane |website=jazzstudiesonline.org |publisher=Center for Jazz Studies |access-date=26 February 2022}}</ref> As of 2001, the archive was the world's largest jazz archive, with oral histories of more than 500 musicians of the genre.<ref name="Peretti">{{cite journal |last1=Peretti |first1=Burton |title=Speaking in the Groove: Oral History and Jazz |journal=The Journal of American History |date=September 2001 |volume=88 |issue=2 |pages=582–595 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2675107 |access-date=23 February 2022}}</ref>

==Founding== In 1958, then Tulane University graduate student Richard B. "Dick" Allen started a project on the oral history of New Orleans jazz. William Ransom Hogan (1908-1971) was a professor in the history department at Tulane University from 1947 until his death in 1971.<ref name="TSHA">{{cite web |title=Hogan, William Ransom (1908–1971) |url=https://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/entries/hogan-william-ransom |website=tshaonline.org |publisher=Texas State Historical Association |accessdate=3 October 2020}}</ref> Hogan obtained grants from the Ford Foundation to develop much of the original collection at the archive and to support Allen's graduate thesis project.<ref name="WorsleyTimes">{{cite news |last1=Worsley |first1=John A. |title=Tulane University Archivists Save Oral Histories of Jazz on Jazz |agency=The Times (Pawtucket) |date=December 17, 2009}}</ref><ref name="TulaneLibrary">{{cite web |title=Hogan Archive of New Orleans Music and New Orleans Jazz |url=https://library.tulane.edu/locations/tusc/hogan-archive-new-orleans-music-new-orleans-jazz |website=library.tulane.edu |publisher=Tulane University |access-date=23 February 2022}}</ref>

Allen was adept at interviewing jazz musicians, and he emphasized musicians that were active early in the history of New Orleans-style jazz. His interviews resulted in a collection of oral histories occupying more than 2000 reels of audio tape, which form a core part of the Hogan Jazz Archive.<ref name="Kolb" />

At the time of its founding in 1958, the original goal of the Hogan Jazz Archive was to record the history of the local form of jazz music.<ref name="Kolb">{{cite book |last1=Kolb |first1=Carolyn |title=New Orleans Memories: One Writer's City |date=2013 |publisher=University of Mississippi Press |isbn=978-1617038839 |pages=200–204}}</ref> The original name of the archive was the "Archive of New Orleans Jazz".<ref name="TulaneLibrary" />

==Development== The Department of History at Tulane University had responsibility for management of the archive until the archive was moved to Jones Hall Library of Tulane University in 1965, which houses the special collections of the Howard-Tilton Memorial Library.<ref name="TulaneLibrary" />

thumb|Flyer held by the Hogan Jazz Archive of the 1909 Grand Soiree Dansante at Economy Hall in New Orleans Music historian and composer William Russell was the first curator of the Archive. He was succeeded by Richard B. "Dick" Allen served as curator of the Hogan Jazz Archive from 1965 to 1980.<ref name="AllenObit">{{cite news |last1=The Associated Press |title=N.O. Jazz Historian Allen Dies in Georgia |agency=American Press (Lake Charles, Louisiana) |date=April 14, 2007}}</ref> Allen was then succeeded by Curt Jerde, and then by Bruce Boyd Raeburn (Wikidata).<ref name="WorsleyTimes" /> In December 2019 musicologist Melissa A. Weber became curator.<ref name="Curator">{{cite news |last1=Davidson |first1=Jasmine |title=Curator of Jazz |url=https://tulanian.tulane.edu/december-2019/curator-of-jazz |access-date=5 February 2022 |agency=The Tulanian |publisher=Tulane University |date=December 2019}}</ref>

Under Russell's direction as curator, the archive emphasized documenting the heritage of older jazz musicians, and so an early history of was Papa Jack Laine who had performed as early as the 1884 World Cotton Centennial. Another early musician emphasized at the outset of the oral history project was the oral history of Dominic LaRocca who in 1917 founded the Original Dixieland Jazz Band. From the beginning of the archive, it strived to document the extensive influence of African-Americans and Creoles of color in the early development of New Orleans jazz.<ref name="Peretti" /><ref name="Fitzgerald">Fitzgerald, M. (2008). "Jazz Archives in the United States" (Master's thesis, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States). Retrieved from the [https://cdr.lib.unc.edu/concern/masters_papers/f1881q82f Carolina Digital Repository].</ref>

The scope of the archive expanded as the archive developed. By 2022, the archive's collection went beyond oral histories, to include most types of media related to documenting the people important in the musical heritage of the jazz genre, the history of the business of jazz, and the culture that surrounded the musical genre.<ref name="TulaneLibrary" /> Some areas of emphasis have included, but are not limited to: post-Civil War military music, African-American jazz funerals, African-American second-line parades, as well as Italian-American influences such as Sicilian open-air brass performances, funeral corteges, and Catholic Saints' Day processions.<ref name="Italian">{{cite journal |last1=Gennari |first1=John |title=Finding the Groove: A Brief Guide to Àrchives on Italian Americans and Jazz |journal=Italian Americana |date=Winter 2013 |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=36–39 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41932472 |access-date=1 March 2022}}</ref>

Over the years, the name of the archive has changed. William Ransom Hogan died in 1971, and, in 1974, the archive was re-named the William Ransom Hogan Jazz Archive. In 2020, the name of the archive was changed to the Hogan Archive of New Orleans Music and New Orleans Jazz.<ref name="TulaneLibrary" />

thumb|Jones Hall houses the special collections of the Howard-Tilton Memorial Library, including the Hogan Jazz Archive Jazz musician Paul Crawford was associate curator of the archive. Music historian and jazz specialist Fred Ramsey served as a consultant to the Hogan Jazz Archive.<ref name="Ramsey">{{cite news |last1=Watrous |first1=Peter |title=Frederic Ramsey, A Writer, Historian And Jazz Expert, 80 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/03/22/obituaries/frederic-ramsey-a-writer-historian-and-jazz-expert-80.html |access-date=27 February 2022 |agency=The New York Times |date=March 22, 1995}}</ref>

Through the archive's history, it has relied on donations of archival material by musicians and others active in the music industry. At times, the archive has received grants, an example being a 2006 grant from the Grammy Foundation.<ref name="Fitzgerald" /> Grants have included financial backing to support the digitization of the archive's holdings.<ref name="Digitization">{{cite web |title=Hogan Jazz Archive awarded grant to digitize recordings of first African American DJ in New Orleans |url=https://news.tulane.edu/news/hogan-jazz-archive-awarded-grant-digitize-recordings-first-african-american-dj |website=news.tulane.edu |publisher=Tulane Today News |access-date=1 March 2022}}</ref> The archive includes a digitized sheet music collection dating to 1838.<ref name="SheetMusic">{{cite web |title=Louisiana Sheet Music |url=https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane:p15140coll47 |website=digitallibrary.tulane.edu |publisher=Tulane University Digital Library |access-date=6 March 2022}}</ref>

At times, the Hogan Jazz Archive provides fellowships to visiting scholars to conduct research at the archives. These include the Louis Prima Research Fellowship and the Björn Bärnheim Research Fellowship, among others.<ref name="Fellows">{{cite web |title=Hogan Jazz Archive |url=https://issuu.com/tulaneuniversity/docs/hogan |website=issuu.com |publisher=Issuu Inc. |access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref>

==Collection== thumb|Photograph of Fate Marable's New Orleans Band on the S. S. Sidney in the early 20th century, on the Wikimedia Commons from the Hogan Jazz Archive The collection of the Hogan Jazz Archive continued to expand through its development. As of 2009, the collection included recordings of more than 700 jazz musicians. There were approximately 80,000 jazz recordings and 60,000 sheets of early jazz music.<ref name="WorsleyTimes" />

By early 2022, the collection of the archive included more than 2000 oral histories of jazz musicians and others important in the musical genre, these histories dating to the late 19th century. Many of these are digitized and available on-line. The collection includes sheet music covering the period 1838 to 1938, as well as rare books and thousands of photographs, ephemera, and personal papers of Jazz musicians and others involved in the art form.<ref name="TulaneLibrary" /><ref name="PersonalPapers">{{cite web |last1=Dean |first1=Hannah |title=Tulane Archive Gets Piece of Jazz History |url=https://news.tulane.edu/news/tulane-archive-gets-piece-jazz-history |website=news.tulane.edu |publisher=Tulane News |access-date=5 March 2022}}</ref> More recent oral histories are often in video format. The scope of the collection by that time also encompassed the full range of popular music of the New Orleans metropolitan area.<ref name="Peretti" />

==''The Jazz Archivist''== The Hogan Jazz Archive had its own journal and newsletter, known as ''The Jazz Archivist'', which was published from 1986 to 2019. The articles were written by members of the archive's staff and also independent music scholars. The complete set of issues of ''The Jazz Archivist'' is available on-line as of early 2022 (ISSN 1085-8415).<ref name="JazzArchivist">{{cite web |title=The Jazz Archivist |url=https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane%3Ajazzarchivist?sort=fgs_label_ss%20asc&islandora_solr_search_navigation=0 |website=digitallibrary.tulane.edu |publisher=Tulane University |access-date=5 February 2022}}</ref>

==References== <references />

==External links== {{external media | width = 250px | float = right | title = External media | topic = Media links for the Hogan Jazz Archive | video1 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uul58kLPzG4 “Video introduction to the Hogan Jazz Archive"], as published on YouTube | video2 = [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcxxoXx1_lM “Bruce Raeburn's Oral History of the archive"], as published on YouTube | image1 = [https://www.jstor.org/stable/2675107 A photograph of Allen and Russell interviewing a musician] is available through The Journal of American History | image2 = }}

* [https://library.tulane.edu/places/Tulane-University-Special-Collections/hogan-archive-of-new-orleans-music-and-new-orleans-jazz Official website] * [https://louisianadigitallibrary.org/islandora/object/tulane-p16313coll33%3Acollection Hogan Jazz Archive Photography Collection] at the [https://louisianadigitallibrary.org/ Louisiana Digital Library] * [https://louisarmstrongfoundation.org/columbia-university-center-for-jazz-studies-and-louis-armstrong-jazz-performance-program/ Columbia University Center for Jazz Studies and Louis Armstrong Jazz Performance Program] * [https://guides.lib.uchicago.edu/chicagojazz#:~:text=The%20Chicago%20Jazz%20Archive%20was,Chicago%20and%20general%20jazz%20history. Chicago Jazz Archive] of the University of Chicago * [https://digitallibrary.tulane.edu/islandora/object/tulane%3Ajazzarchivist?sort=fgs_label_ss%20asc&islandora_solr_search_navigation=0 ''The Jazz Archivist'' online newsletter archive], via Tulane University

Category:Tulane University Category:Music libraries in the United States Category:History of jazz Category:Music archives in the United States