Hoeryong

{{Infobox settlement | name = Hoeryong | native_name = {{nobold|회령시}} | native_name_lang = ko | official_name = | settlement_type = Municipal City | translit_lang1 = Korean | translit_lang1_type = Chosŏn'gŭl | translit_lang1_info = 회령시 | translit_lang1_type1 = Hancha | translit_lang1_info1 = {{linktext|會|寧|市}} | translit_lang1_type2 = {{nowrap|McCune-Reischauer}} | translit_lang1_info2 = Hoeryŏng-si | translit_lang1_type3 = {{nowrap|Revised Romanization}} | translit_lang1_info3 = Hoeryeong-si | image_skyline = Hoeryong North Korea.JPG | imagesize = | image_map = DPRK2006 Hambuk-Hoiryong.PNG | image_caption = Hoeryong City Centre | map_caption = Map of North Hamgyong showing the location of Hoeryong | mapframe = yes | mapframe-zoom = 12 | mapframe-point = none | pushpin_map = North Korea | pushpin_map_caption = Location within North Korea | coordinates = {{coord|42|26|N|129|45|E|region:KP_type:city|display=title, inline}} | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = North Korea | subdivision_type1 = Province | subdivision_name1 = North Hamgyong | area_total_km2 = | population_as_of = 2008 | population_total = 153,532 | population_density_km2 = | population_blank1_title = Dialect | population_blank1 = Hamgyŏng | parts_type = Administrative divisions | parts = 19 ''tong'', 28 ''ri'' | timezone = Pyongyang Time | utc_offset = +9 }} '''Hoeryŏng''' (Hangul: "회령시", {{IPA|ko|ɸwe̞.ɾjʌŋ}}) is a city in North Hamgyong Province, North Korea. It is located opposite Jilin Province, China, with the Tumen River in between. Sanhe (三合鎮), in Longjing City, is the closest Chinese town across the river. Hoeryŏng is the birthplace of Kim Il Sung's first wife and Kim Jong Il's mother, Kim Jong Suk.<ref name=kcna19990922>{{cite web |url = http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/1999/9909/news09/22.htm#9 |title = Brilliant life of Kim Jong Suk |agency = KCNA |access-date = 2006-06-28 |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050316073311/http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/1999/9909/news09/22.htm#9 |archive-date = 2005-03-16 }}</ref> The Hoeryong Revolutionary Site commemorates the birthplace.<ref>{{Cite news |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012034205/http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2011/201112/news14/20111214-33ee.html |url= http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2011/201112/news14/20111214-33ee.html |date=14 December 2011 |title=Hoeryong Revolutionary Site |archive-date=12 October 2014 |agency=KCNA }}</ref>

The former Hoeryŏng concentration camp (Kwalliso No. 22) was located {{convert|20|km|mi}} from the city.<ref>{{cite web| title= Kwan-li-so No.22 Haengyŏng (Hoeryŏng)| work=Wikimapia | url= http://wikimapia.org/#lat=42.5456071&lon=129.881621&z=11&l=5&m=b&show=/4067405/Kwan-li-so-No-22-Haengy%C5%8Fng | access-date=June 18, 2012}}</ref>

[[File:Birthplace of Kim Jong-suk.jpg|thumb|Birthplace of Kim Jong-suk]]

== History == Hoeryŏng was one of the six posts/garrisons (Chosŏngŭl: 육진, Hanja: 六鎭) established under the order of Sejong the Great of Joseon (1418 - 1450) to safeguard his people from the potentially hostile semi-nomadic Jurchens living north of the Yalu river. In 1952, some territories of Hoeryŏng (then a county), which included myoen of Poŭl and parts of myoens of Yonghung and Pyŏksŏng, were incorporated into the then newly created Yusŏn county.<ref name="encyy">{{cite web|url=https://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/CategoryNavi?category=field&keyword=%EC%A0%95%EC%B9%98%C2%B7%EB%B2%95%EC%A0%9C/%EB%B6%81%ED%95%9C&ridx=1031&tot=1041|title=회령시|trans-title=Hoeryong city|language=ko|publisher=Encyclopedia of Korean Culture|access-date=2021-02-02}}</ref> After the 1974 incorporation of Yusŏn county, the Yusŏn region became a up and was renamed as Yusŏn worker's region.<ref name="encyy"/> In early May 2007, the newly appointed Prime Minister Kim Yong-il visited Hoeryŏng. At the time, the Prime Minister brought with him on his train one carriage worth of glass (made in South Korea) and 3 carriages worth of cement. After delivering the goods to the People's Committee of Hoeryŏng he ordered that the city of Hoeryŏng be decorated and adorned as much as a city where Mother Kim Jong Suk's birthplace should be.

==Administrative divisions== Hoeryŏng-si is divided into 19 ''tong'' (neighbourhoods) and 28 ''ri'' (villages):

{| |- | valign="top" | * Chungdo-dong * Chungbong-dong * Ch'irwŏlp'aril-dong * Kang'an-dong * Kyerim-dong * Kungsim-dong * Mang'yang-dong * Nammun-dong * Osandŏk-tong * Poŭl-dong * Saemaŭl-dong * San'ŏp-tong * Sech'ŏn-dong * Sinch'ŏn-dong * Sŏngch'ŏn-dong * Subuk-tong * Tongmyŏng-dong * Yŏkchŏn-dong * Yusŏn-dong * Ch'angt'ae-ri * Ch'anghyo-ri * Hakp'o-ri * Hangyong-ri * Hongsal-li | valign="top" | * In'ge-ri * Kesang-ri * Keha-ri * Kulsal-li * Kŭmsaeng-ri * Musal-li * Namsal-li * Obong-ri * Oryu-ri * Pangwŏl-li * Pyŏksŏng-ri * P'ungsal-li * Raksaeng-ri * Ryongch'ŏl-li * Saŭl-li * Sinhŭng-ri * Sŏngbung-ri * Sŏngdong-ri * Songhang-ri * Taedong-ri * Tokhŭng-ri * Wŏnsal-li * Yŏngsu-ri |}

==Economy== Hoeryŏng's main industries are mining machines and a paper mill. The area contains many mines. According to media reports, in 2017 ordinary residents in Hoeryong receive electricity for 3–4 hours per day.<ref>{{cite news |publisher=UPI |quote=Ordinary North Koreans in Hoeryong, North Hamgyong Province, on the other hand, are supplied with electricity for about 3 to 4 hours a day, the North Korean source said. |title=North Korea supplies high-voltage electricity to border fence |first=Elizabeth |last=Shim |date=July 12, 2017 |url=http://www.upi.com/Top_News/World-News/2017/07/12/North-Korea-supplies-high-voltage-electricity-to-border-fence/3871499865995/?nll=1}}</ref> However, many people do not have electricity at all.

==Civil unrest== It is reported that on 24 September 2008 only about 20% of Hoeryŏng's city residents attended a civilian defence-training programme held in Hoeryŏng City. The other 80% are thought to have stayed home or tended to private patch fields. As punishment, authorities from the Civilian Defence ordered non-attendees to pay KP₩5,000, however this fine was largely ignored.<ref>''North Korea Today'', No. 28. (2008). Research Institute for North Korean society.</ref>

==2016 Flood==

On 29 August 2016, as the result of Typhoon Lionrock, the Tumen River flooded, making many of the residents homeless and causing substantial property damage.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://beyondparallel.csis.org/implications-north-korean-flood/|title=Implications of North Korean Flood|publisher=Center for Strategic and International Studies|date=2 November 2016|access-date=24 July 2020}}</ref> The displaced residents moved to China.

==Climate== Hoeryong has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification: ''Dwb'').

{{Weather box | width = auto | location = Hoeryong | metric first = Yes | single line = Yes | Jan high C = -5.1 | Feb high C = -2.0 | Mar high C = 4.2 | Apr high C = 12.6 | May high C = 18.3 | Jun high C = 21.4 | Jul high C = 24.8 | Aug high C = 25.4 | Sep high C = 21.2 | Oct high C = 14.7 | Nov high C = 4.9 | Dec high C = -2.7

|precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm=6 |Feb precipitation mm=6 |Mar precipitation mm=14 |Apr precipitation mm=29 |May precipitation mm=61 |Jun precipitation mm=94 |Jul precipitation mm=112 |Aug precipitation mm=155 |Sep precipitation mm=82 |Oct precipitation mm=38 |Nov precipitation mm=20 |Dec precipitation mm=8 |source 1 = Climate-Data.org<ref>{{cite web |url = https://en.climate-data.org/location/26309/ |title = Climate: Hoeryong - Climate-Data.org |access-date = 25 July 2018}}</ref> }}

==See also== {{portal|North Korea}} *List of cities in North Korea *Geography of North Korea

==Notes== {{reflist}}

==Further reading== *Dormels, Rainer. North Korea's Cities: Industrial facilities, internal structures and typification. Jimoondang, 2014. {{ISBN|978-89-6297-167-5}} * {{Cite web |title=The Hoeryong model: how a sleepy N. Korean town experienced an economic boom |last=Lankov |first=Andrei |work=NK News |date=9 October 2017 |url= https://www.nknews.org/2017/10/the-hoeryong-model-how-a-sleepy-n-korean-town-experienced-an-economic-boon/ }}

==External links== {{commons category|Hoeryong}} {{wiktionary|Hoeryong|Hoeryŏng|Huining|Hui-ning|Kainei}} *[http://www.naenara.com.kp/en/book/new_window.php?10+10108 ''Hoeryong City'' picture album] at Naenara *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070614134516/http://dicimg.paran.com/100_img/jpg/180/p18050200003.jpg Location of the four forts and the six posts] *[https://dprk360.com/360/hoeryong_hotel/ Hoeryong Hotel 회령려관 - the only hotel in Hoeryong that accommodates foreigners] *{{baekgwa|yahoo=20333800|naver=481803|empas_k=265857|empas_b=210961}}

Category:Cities in North Hamgyong Province