Herbert Selpin

{{short description|German film director, film editor, screenwriter (1904–1942}} {{Use dmy dates |date=December 2024}} {{Infobox person |name = Herbert Selpin |image = |birth_date = {{birth date|1904|5|29|df=y}} |birth_place = [[Berlin]], Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire |death_date = {{death date and age|1942|8|1|1904|5|29|df=y}} |death_place = Berlin, Nazi Germany |other_names = |known_for = |occupation = Film director and screenwriter |nationality = |parents = }}

'''Herbert Selpin''' (29 May 1904 – 1 August 1942) was a German film director, film editor, and screenwriter of light entertainment during the 1930s and 1940s.

He is known for his final film, the partly suppressed 1943 [[propaganda film]] ''[[Titanic (1943 film)|Titanic]]'', during the production of which he was arrested by Propaganda Minister [[Joseph Goebbels]]. He was later found dead in his prison cell.

==Life and career== Herbert Selpin was born on 29 May 1904 in [[Berlin]]. After his medical studies in the same city, Selpin worked as a dancer, boxer, librarian, and art seller before he obtained, in the mid-1920s, an internship at the [[Universum Film AG|UFA]] film studios. Among other assignments at UFA, he worked on the set of [[Friedrich Wilhelm Murnau]]'s ''[[Faust (1926 film)|Faust]]'' (1926).

Selpin was subsequently employed by the European subsidiary of the [[Fox Film Corporation]], where he held several positions, including – in 1927 – that of director's assistant to [[Walther Ruttmann]] on the set of ''Berlin: Sinfonie einer Großstadt''.

After several positions as editor, Selpin received an assignment as director for the comedy film ''[[Chauffeur Antoinette]]'', released in 1931 by [[Excelsior Films]]. In the following two years, Selpin ran into conflict with the [[Nazi Party]] for his sympathetic portrayals of the British in his films.

From 1933 onwards, he made propaganda films for the UFA studios, which was by then under the control of [[Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda|Propaganda Minister]] [[Joseph Goebbels]]. After several propaganda films that were not well received (''Schwarzhemden'' in 1933, ''[[Die Reiter von Deutsch-Ostafrika]]'' in 1934, and ''[[Alarm in Peking]]'' in 1937), Selpin was successful in 1941 with ''[[Carl Peters (film)|Carl Peters]]'', an anti-British film. This was followed by another propaganda film ''[[Geheimakte W.B.1]]'' in 1941–42.

Selpin was chosen by Goebbels to direct ''[[Titanic (1943 film)|Titanic]]'', intended by the Goebbels to be both a blockbuster hit and effective anti-British propaganda. The story of the doomed ship was re-written by [[Walter Zerlett-Olfenius]] to put blame on [[J. Bruce Ismay]], chairman of the [[White Star Line]], and his British and American capitalist backers who, according to the screenplay, wanted the ship to make the passage as quickly as possible, no matter what the danger was to the passengers, in order to gain advantage in the line's competition with the [[Cunard Line]], and thereby to make as much money as they could. A German character was also introduced to replace the First Officer who warned about the danger the ship was in by traveling so quickly.

In 1942, on the set of ''Titanic'', after having experienced many time-consuming problems caused by drunk German sailors and soldiers acting as extras for the film, Selpin made several remarks critical of [[Wehrmacht|the military]]. He was denounced for these remarks by Zerlett-Olfenius, once his personal friend, and, upon failing to retract his statements during a meeting with [[Joseph Goebbels]], was arrested on 31 July 1942.<ref name=sos>Saunders, Christopher. [http://www.soundonsight.org/goebbels-prize-victims-joachim-gottschalk-herbert-selpin/ "Goebbels’ Prize Victims: Joachim Gottschalk and Herbert Selpin"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150729031338/http://www.soundonsight.org/goebbels-prize-victims-joachim-gottschalk-herbert-selpin/ |date=2015-07-29 }} ''Sound on Sight'' (July 26, 2015)</ref>

==Death== The day after his arrest, Selpin was found dead in his cell, hanging by his trouser suspenders. A rumor circulated that he had been murdered on the orders of Goebbels, as the [[Gestapo]] had taken an interest in the matter and Goebbels considered it more prudent to sacrifice the director than spar with the Gestapo.<ref name=hawkins>{{ cite news | url=https://nationalpost.com/opinion/brian-hawkins-the-titanics-last-victim | first=Brian | last=Hawkins | work=[[National Post]] | date=14 April 2012 | title=Full Comment: The Titanic's last victim | url-status=live | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130129183313/http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2012/04/14/brian-hawkins-the-titanics-last-victim/ | archive-date=29 January 2013 }} ([https://archive.today/20240527150922/https://www.webcitation.org/6dKjzDdzW?url=http://news.nationalpost.com/full-comment/brian-hawkins-the-titanics-last-victim WebCite archive])</ref> According to the rumor, around midnight on 31 July – 1 August 1942, two guards entered Selpin's cell: {{quote|and hanged him from the bars of a ceiling window, using his trouser suspenders as a noose. For the records, Goebbels had the death scene secretly photographed and filed away. He then sent a terse letter to Selpin's wife notifying her of her husband's suicide.<ref name=hawkins />}}

Despite Goebbels's attempt to conceal the truth, Selpin's brutal death quickly spread to Berlin's film colony who were deeply angered at Zerlett-Olfenius.<ref name=hawkins /> Goebbels retaliated by issuing a proclamation decreeing that anyone shunning the screenwriter would answer to him in person, and be subjected to the same fate as Selpin. It also ordered that Selpin's name not be mentioned on the ''Titanic'' set or elsewhere.<ref name=hawkins />

The production of ''Titanic'' was subsequently completed by [[Werner Klingler]], who was not credited. The film itself – which cost almost four million [[Reichsmark]] (equivalent to roughly US$15 million in 2020 terms), although various sources have erroneously propagated an inflation-adjusted figure as high as $180 million<ref>Lebovic, Matt. [http://www.timesofisrael.com/goebbels-titanic-cinematic-disaster-turns-70/ "Goebbels' 'Titanic' cinematic disaster turns 70"] ''[[The Times of Israel]]'' (October 1, 2013)</ref> – was almost completely suppressed by Goebbels, who worried that the ship's disaster would demoralize the German public. It was shown a few times in occupied countries, and later, in a re-edited version, in [[East Germany]]. Four clips from the film wound up in another Titanic film, ''[[A Night to Remember (1958 film)|A Night to Remember]]''.<ref name=sos /><ref>Chan, Oscar (director). ''Nazi Titanic'' (documentary film). Blink Films/[[Channel 5 (UK)|Channel Five]]/The [[History (U.S. TV channel)|History Channel]] (2012)</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://nzpetesmatteshot.blogspot.co.uk/2011/05/tale-of-two-titanics-retrospective-look.html|title=Matte Shot: a Tribute to Golden Era special fx|date=26 May 2011 |accessdate=2011-05-26}}</ref>

==Filmography== {{col-begin}}{{col-break}} '''Director''' * ''[[Chauffeur Antoinette]]'' (German-language, 1932) — based on the eponymous play by [[Jean de Létraz]], Suzette Desty, and R. Blum ** ''[[The Love Contract]]'' (English-language, 1932) — based on the play ''Chauffeur Antoinette'' by [[Jean de Létraz]], Suzette Desty, and R. Blum ** ''[[Antoinette (film)|Antoinette]]'' (French-language, 1932) — based on the play ''Chauffeur Antoinette'' by [[Jean de Létraz]], Suzette Desty, and R. Blum * ''Schwarzhemden'' (1933) — German-language version of ''[[Black Shirt (film)|Black Shirt]]'' * ''[[Dream of the Rhine]]'' (1933) * ''[[Girls of Today (1933 film)|Girls of Today]]'' (1933) — based on the novel ''Das Mädchen am Steuerknüppel'' by {{Ill|Hans Richter (writer)|de|3=Johannes Richter (Schriftsteller)|lt=Hans Richter}} * ''[[Between Two Hearts]]'' (1934) — based on the novel ''Ulla die Tochter'' by [[Werner Scheff]] * ''[[The Champion of Pontresina]]'' (1934) — based on the novel ''Der Springer von Pontresina'' by {{Ill|Hans Richter (writer)|de|3=Johannes Richter (Schriftsteller)|lt=Hans Richter}} * ''[[The Riders of German East Africa]]'' (1934) — based on the novel ''Kwa heri'' by [[Marie Luise Droop]] * ''[[An Ideal Husband (1935 film)|An Ideal Husband]]'' (1935) — based on the [[An Ideal Husband|eponymous play]] by [[Oscar Wilde]] * ''[[The Green Domino (1935 film)|The Green Domino]]'' (German-language, 1935) — based on the novel ''Der Fall Claasen'' by [[Erich Ebermayer]] ** ''[[The Green Domino]]'' (French-language, 1935) — based on the novel ''Der Fall Claasen'' by [[Erich Ebermayer]] * ''[[Scandal at the Fledermaus]]'' (1936) * ''[[Game on Board]]'' (1936) — based on the eponymous play by {{Ill|Axel Ivers|de}} * ''[[Romance (1936 film)|Romance]]'' (1936) * ''[[Alarm in Peking]]'' (1937) * ''[[The Marriage Swindler (1938 film)|The Marriage Swindler]]'' (1938) — based on the novel ''Die rote Mütze'' by {{Ill|Gertrud von Brockdorff|de}} * ''[[I Love You (1938 film)|I Love You]]'' (1938) — based on a play by {{Ill|Roman Niewiarowicz|pl}} (uncredited) * ''[[Sergeant Berry]]'' (1938) — based on the eponymous novel by Robert Arden * ''[[Water for Canitoga]]'' (1939) — based on the eponymous play by [[Hans Rehfisch]], [[Otto Eis]] and [[Egon Eis]] (uncredited) * ''[[A Man Astray]]'' (1940) — based on the novel ''Percy auf Abwegen'' by Hans Thomas ([[Hans Zehrer]]) * ''[[Trenck the Pandur]]'' (1940) — based on the eponymous play by O. E. Groh * ''[[Carl Peters (film)|Carl Peters]]'' (1941) * ''[[Secret File W.B.1]]'' (1942) — based on the novel ''Der eiserne Seehund'' by Hans Arthur Thies * ''[[Titanic (1943 film)|Titanic]]'' (after Selpin's death finished by [[Werner Klingler]], 1943) {{col-end}} '''Editor''' * ''[[Ariane (film)|Ariane]]'' (1931) * ''[[The Opera Ball]]'' (1931) * ''[[A Waltz by Strauss (1931 film)|A Waltz by Strauss]]'' (1931) * ''[[A Night at the Grand Hotel]]'' (1931) * ''[[The Marathon Runner]]'' (1933) * ''[[Little Man, What Now? (1933 film)|Little Man, What Now?]]'' (1933)

==See also== {{Portal|Biography|Film|Germany}} * [[List of film directors]] * [[List of German writers]] * [[List of people from Berlin]]

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== *{{IMDb name|0783509}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Selpin, Herbert}} [[Category:German film directors]] [[Category:1904 births]] [[Category:1942 deaths]] [[Category:20th-century German male writers]] [[Category:20th-century German screenwriters]] [[Category:Deaths by hanging]] [[Category:Film directors from Berlin]] [[Category:German film editors]] [[Category:German male screenwriters]] [[Category:German people who died in the Holocaust]] [[Category:German Nazi propagandists]] [[Category:German propaganda film directors]] [[Category:Writers from Berlin]]