Henry Clutton

{{Short description|English architect (1819 - 1893)}} {{for|the English surgeon|Henry Hugh Clutton}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} thumb|Minley Manor (1858–1860)|alt= '''Henry Clutton''' (19 March 1819 – 27 June 1893)<ref name=OD>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/48422}}</ref><ref name=PH>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/1568439?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents Hunting, Penelope. "Henry Clutton's Country Houses", ''Architectural History'', Vol. 26, (1983), pp. 96-180]</ref> was an English architect and designer.

==Life== thumb|St Mary Magdalen, Mortlake He was born on 19 March 1819 the son of Owen Clutton (1775–1845), a corn factor, and his second wife Elizabeth Amelia Goodinge (1782–1848). He was baptised at St Mary’s Church, Newington in Surrey. He met his future wife at the home of Dr and Mrs Fincham in the summer of 1858. Henry offered Caroline Alice Ryder (1840-1934) and her father a ride home in his carriage. He asked her to marry him. As she was only 18 her father asked them to wait until she was 20. On 17 October 1860 they married and had the following children: *Henry (Harry) Joseph Clutton (1861–1909) *Francis (Frank) Owen Clutton (1862–1923) *Katherine Mary Clutton (1864–1955) *Alice Mary Clutton RSCJ (1866–1954) *Roger Bernard Clutton SJ (1870–1945) *Captain Ralph Philip Clutton R.N. (1872–1942) *Margaret Mary Clutton RSCJ (1874–1964) *Cecily Mary Clutton (1876–1907) *Beatrice Mary Clutton (1878–1955)

He died on 27 June 1893 at Brookside, Yiewsley, West Drayton, Middlesex at the house of his brother John where he was staying. He was buried in the churchyard of St Mary Magdalen, Mortlake. He left an estate valued at £98,400<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Recent Wills |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000369/18930902/085/0008 |newspaper=Reading Mercury |location=United Kingdom |date=2 September 1893 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> ({{Inflation|UK|98400|1893|r=0|fmt=eq|cursign=£}}).{{Inflation-fn|UK|df=y}}

==Career== thumb|Cliveden House Clock Tower (1861) He studied with Edward Blore between 1835 and 1840, but began his own practice in 1844. He became an expert in French medieval architecture. Clutton also worked with William Burges. John Francis Bentley was a student of Clutton.

In 1855, Clutton and Burges won the competition to design Lille Cathedral; however, the idea of entrusting the construction of a church in honour of the Virgin to foreign architects of an Anglican confession raised objections. Therefore, the project was given to a local architect.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=fyUBgspcsgAC&dq=Henry+Clutton&pg=PA255 Hitchcock, Henry-Russell. ''Architecture: Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries'', Yale University Press, 1987, p. 255]{{ISBN|9780300053203}}</ref>

Between 1858 and 1860, Clutton built Minley Manor in the French chateau style for Raikes Currie, a partner in Glyn Mills' Bank and a member of the Currie family who benefited substantially from slavery in the British West Indies.<ref name=parks>{{cite web|url=http://www.parksandgardens.org/places-and-people/site/2301 |publisher=English Heritage|title= Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest|accessdate=13 April 2018}}</ref> It was later used by the Royal School of Military Engineering.

After Cliveden House burned down for the second time, around 1859, George Sutherland-Leveson-Gower, 2nd Duke of Sutherland commissioned Clutton to design a nearby water tower. The 100-foot (30m) clock tower was added in 1861 and still provides water for the house today. It is rendered in Roman cement like the rest of the house, and features four clock faces framed by gilded surrounds and a half-open staircase on its north side. It was described by the architectural critic Nicholas Pevsner as "the epitome of Victorian flamboyance and assertiveness."<ref>Pevsner, N. ''The Buildings of England: Buckinghamshire'', London, 1960, p. 48</ref>

In 1865, William Duke of Bedford, decided to build a Chapel of Ease linked to the Anglican parish church of St. Eustacius, Tavistock, Devon. This chapel was to accommodate the miners pouring into Tavistock to work at the Great Consoles copper mines to the west of Tavistock. After the mines were worked out, the need for this church diminished and it closed. In 1953 the Catholic Diocese of Plymouth purchased the church and it is now the parish church of Our Lady of the Assumption and St. Mary Magdalene.

==Works== * ''Illustrations of Medieval Architecture in France, from the Accession of Charles VI. to the Demise of Louis XII: With Historical and Professional Remarks''

==Buildings== {{div col}} 1840s * Merevale Hall, Atherstone, Warwickshire 1842-44<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 12999654 |desc=Merevale Hall |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> (completion of original house by Edward Blore) * St Mary's Church, Ewell, Surrey 1847–48 * South Wales Training College, Carmarthen 1848<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Opening of the South Wales Training College |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000361/18481118/009/0003 |newspaper=Salisbury and Winchester Journal |location=United Kingdom |date=18 November 1848 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> *St Nicholas Church, Baddesley Ensor, Warwickshire 1848<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1365188 |desc=Church of St Nicholas |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Gatehouse, Merevale Lane, Merevale, Warwickshire 1848-49<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1185498 |desc=The Gate House |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Coach House, Merevale Lane, Merevale, Warwickshire 1848-49<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1034760 |desc=Coach House Approximately 4 Metres North West of the Gate House |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Frankleigh House, Bradford-on-Avon 1849<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Frankleigh House, near Bradford |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000187/18490927/006/0003 |newspaper=Bath Chronicle and Weekly Gazette |location=United Kingdom |date=27 September 1849 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> *St John’s Church, Church Road, Harrow, Greater London 1849

1850s * Hatherop Castle, Gloucestershire 1850–56<ref>{{cite book |author=Verey, David |title=The Buildings of England: Gloucestershire: The Cotswolds |year=1970 |publisher=Penguin Books |page=270 |location=Harmondsworth |isbn=0-14-071040-X}}</ref> * Houghton Hall, Houghton Regis, Bedfordshire, c. 1851: overhaul of the mansion<ref>The Book of Dunstable and Houghton Regis, Evans; {{ISBN|0 86023 223 9}}</ref> *Church School, Dunstall, Staffordshire 1852-53<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1190424 |desc=Church School |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *St Mary’s Church, Dunstall, Staffordshire 1852-53<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1038486 |desc=Church of St Mary |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Ruthin Castle, Ruthin, Wales 1853<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Ruthin Castle |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0002088/18530913/299/0016 |newspaper=Liverpool Standard and General Commercial Advertiser |location=United Kingdom |date=13 September 1853 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> *St Mary's Church, Steeple Ashton, Wiltshire, 1853: rebuilding of chancel<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1252395|desc=Church of St Mary the Virgin|access-date=14 March 2020|fewer-links=yes}}</ref> * Wrotham Park, Hertfordshire ca. 1854<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num= 1174715 |desc=Wrotham Park and Stable Block |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> (wings extended, colonnade and portico added to E for General John Byng, 1st Earl of Strafford) *School<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1260526 |desc=Former Church of England First School |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> and School House, Warrenne Way, Reigate, Surrey 1854<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1241444 |desc=Former School House |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *St Nicholas Church, Hatherop, Gloucestershire 1854-55<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1089446 |desc=Church of St Nicholas |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * St Luke's Church, Simonsbath, Exmoor, Somerset 1855–56 *Queen's Free Grammar School, Basingstoke 1855<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Basingstoke |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/BL/0000231/18550602/062/0004 |newspaper=Hampshire Chronicle |location=United Kingdom |date=2 June 1855 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> *Balcombe Place, Haywards Heath Road, Balcombe, West Sussex 1856<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1025775 |desc=Balcombe Place |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref>(for John Hankey of Haylands) *Anglican Chapel, Dorking Cemetery, Surrey 1856<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1387309 |desc=Anglican Chapel at Dorking Cemetery |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *St Francis Xavier's Schools, Salisbury Street, Liverpool 1856<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1073440 |desc=Saint Francis Xavier's Schools |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Welsh School, Church Road, Spelthorne, Surrey 1857<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1204676 |desc=Welsh School |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Chapel at Welsh School, Church Road, Spelthorne, Surrey 1857<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1187027 |desc=Chapel at Welsh School |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Husborne Crawley Lower School and Schoolhouse, School Lane, Husborne Crawley, Bedfordshire 1857<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1146514 |desc=Husborne Crawley Lower School and Schoolhouse |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Battle Abbey, Sussex 1857<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1044211 |desc=Battle Abbey School |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *North West Lodge, Balcombe Place, West Sussex 1858<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1192833 |desc=The North West Lodge of Balcombe Place With the Gate-piers Adjoining |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *South West Lodge, Balcombe Place, West Sussex 1858<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1354794 |desc=The South West Lodge of Balcombe Place With the Gate-piers Adjoining |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *St Lawrence’s Church ,Steppingley, Bedfordshire 1858-60<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1312002 |desc=Church of St Lawrence |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Minley Manor, Minley Road, Blackwater, Hampshire 1858-60<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1258061 |desc=Minley Manor |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Our Lady of Good Counsel Roman Catholic Church, Hertford 1858-59 * St Mary of the Isle Church, Douglas, Isle of Man, 1859 *Pepperhill Farmhouse and Pepperhill Cottage with attached former dairy, Over Stowey, Somerset 1859<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1060176 |desc=Pepperhill Cottage With Attached Former Dairy Pepperhill Farmhouse With Attached Former Dairy |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> (for Henry Labouchere, 1st Baron Taunton) * St Francis of Assisi Church, Notting Hill, London 1859–60 (with John Francis Bentley)<ref>[https://britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/101226049-church-of-st-francis-assisi-norland-ward Church of St Francis Assisi] from British Listed Buildings, retrieved 29 October 2024</ref> * Quantock Lodge, Somerset 1859-60s

1860s * Moorhouse Chantry Chapel, Nottinghamshire, 1860<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Nottinghamshire |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0002149/18600707/060/0005 |newspaper=Leicester Guardian |location=United Kingdom |date=7 July 1860 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> * Romanesque cloister at the Birmingham Oratory, 1860 * St Michael the Archangel Church, Chatham, Kent 1862–63<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=St Michael’s Chatham |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0004366/18630613/019/0003 |newspaper=Weekly Register and Catholic Standard |location=United Kingdom |date=13 June 1863 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> * Hoar Cross Hall, Staffordshire, 1862–71<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1038508|desc=Hoar Cross Hall|access-date=14 March 2020}}</ref> * St Peter's Church, Leamington Spa, Warwickshire 1862-64<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Leamington. The New Roman Catholic Church |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001523/18620417/036/0003 |newspaper=Banbury Guardian |location=United Kingdom |date=17 April 1862 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> and Presbytery 1861-66<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1381281 |desc=Presbytery of the Roman Catholic Church of St Peter |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * St Oswald's Church, Malpas 1863 (restoration)<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Malpas |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000158/18631212/021/0005 |newspaper=Cheshire Observer |location=United Kingdom |date=12 December 1863 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> *Our Lady of Sion Convent, Crescent Road, Worthing 1864<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1263360 |desc=Our Lady of Sion Convent |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * St Mary of the Angels, Worthing, West Sussex, 1864<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1263214 |desc=Church of St Mary (Roman Catholic) |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.dabnet.org/OneStopCMS/Core/CrawlerResourceServer.aspx?resource=4D5EE19C-A4F9-4EF0-97DB-00918AB2F57D&mode=link |title=English heritage review of diocesan churches (including picture) |access-date=12 August 2009 |archive-date=4 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604205541/http://www.dabnet.org/OneStopCMS/Core/CrawlerResourceServer.aspx?resource=4D5EE19C-A4F9-4EF0-97DB-00918AB2F57D&mode=link |url-status=dead }}</ref> *Our Lady of the Assumption and St. Mary Magdalene, Tavistock, Devon 1865<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num=1105836 |desc=Church of Our Lady and St Mary Magdalene |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * St Mary's Church, Woburn, Bedfordshire 1865–1868<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Woburn. Opening of the New Church |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0001091/18680929/051/0004 |newspaper=Leighton Buzzard Observer and Linslade Gazette |location=United Kingdom |date=29 September 1868 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> * Welcombe Hotel, Stratford upon Avon, Warwickshire 1866–69 * St Michael's Church, Aspley Heath, Bedfordshire, 1868<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1312016 |desc=Church of St Michael |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-06-20 |title=Aspley Heath Church Architecture |url=https://bedsarchives.bedford.gov.uk/CommunityHistories/AspleyHeath/AspleyHeathChurchArchitecture.aspx |access-date=2024-04-13 |website=bedsarchives.bedford.gov.uk}}</ref>

1870s * Steppingley County Primary School, Church Road, Steppingley, Bedfordshire 1870 * The Sandy Lodge, Bedfordshire 1870 * Grosvenor House, remodelling, 1870–72 and 1880–81 * Board School, Great North Road, Stibbington, Cambridgeshire 1871-72<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1488090 |desc=Former Board School and outbuilding to north |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * St Mary’s Church, Stevington, Bedfordshire 1871 (restoration) * St Andrew’s Church, Minley Road, Blackwater, Hampshire 1871<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1258200 |desc=Church of St Andrew |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Sacred Heart Church, Bournemouth 1872–75 * Widmerpool Hall, Nottinghamshire 1872 * Holy Name Presbytery, 8 Portsmouth Street, Manchester 1874<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1247067 |desc=Holy Name Presbytery |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Old Warden Lower School, High Street, Old Warden, Bedfordshire 1874-75<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1274649 |desc=Old Warden Lower School |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Ickwell Lodge, Warden Road, Old Warden, Bedfordshire 1874<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1274618 |desc=Ickwell Lodge |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * Main Lodge, High Street, Old Warden, Bedfordshire 1874<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1222586 |desc=Main Lodge |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> * St Mary's Church chapel for the tomb of Napoleon III, Chislehurst 1874 * Mansion House, Old Warden Park, Bedfordshire for Joseph Shuttleworth (of Clayton & Shuttleworth)1875-76<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1222169 |desc=Old Warden Park |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Melchet Court, St Edwards School, Melchet Park, Surrey 1875-79<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1339192 |desc=Melchet Court St Edwards School |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> (rebuilt after fire) * Mount St Mary's College, Derbyshire, 1876 * St Michael's Church, Ditton, Cheshire 1876–1879 *The Piazza, 1-8 Bedford Chambers and 33 James Street, Covent Garden, London 1877-79<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1066948 |desc=The PIazza, Bedford Chambers |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref> *Church of Our Lady of Consolation and St Stephen, Forestry Track 34, West Tofts Road, Lynford, Norfolk, 1878<ref>{{National Heritage List for England |num= 1077247 |desc=Catholic Church of Our Lady of Consolation and St Stephen, Lynford |access-date=9 May 2026}}</ref>

1880s *Cemetery Chapel and Gatehouse, Tavistock 1880<ref>{{cite news |author= |title=Cemetery Chapel, &c., at Tavistock |url=https://britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0004822/18800521/070/0020 |newspaper=Building News |location=United Kingdom |date=21 May 1880 |access-date=9 May 2026 |via = British Newspaper Archive |url-access=subscription }}</ref> * St. Philip's School, Birmingham 1887 {{div col end}}

==References== {{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Clutton, Henry}} Category:1819 births Category:1893 deaths Category:19th-century English architects Category:Bedford Estate Category:Burials at St Mary Magdalen Roman Catholic Church Mortlake Category:Architects of Roman Catholic churches