{{Short description|Australian architect}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}} {{Use Australian English|date=May 2014}} {{Infobox architect |name = Henry Budden | honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=AUS|CBE}} |image = |image_size = |caption = |birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1871|8|11}} |birth_place = Rockley, New South Wales |death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1944|12|25|1871|8|11}} |death_place = Sydney, New South Wales |practice = {{bulleted list|Kent & Budden (1899-1912)|Kent Budden & Greenwell (1912-19)|Budden & Greenwell (1919-22)|H. E. Budden (1922-1931)|H. E. Budden & Mackey (1931-1939)|H. E. Budden (1939-1940)|Budden & Nangle (1940-44)}} |significant_buildings= {{bulleted list|David Jones, Elizabeth Street, Sydney (1925)}} |significant_projects = {{bulleted list|Housing development, Prince Edward Parade, Hunters Hill (1899-1912)}} |significant_design = {{bulleted list|Primary Producers Bank, 105 Pitt Street, Sydney {{small|(Sulman Medal 1933); demolished 1964}}|Railway House {{small|(Sulman Medal 1936)}}}} |awards = Sir John Sulman Medal (1933 & 1936) | alma_mater = {{bulleted list|Sydney Technical College|The University of Sydney|Royal Academy}} }}
'''Henry''' "'''Harry'''" '''Ebenezer Budden''' {{post-nominals|country=AUS|CBE}} (11 August 1871 – 25 December 1944) was a Sulman Award winning Australian architect active in the first 40 years of the 20th century. His work encompassed the styles of the Federation Arts and Crafts and Bungalow through to the Inter-War Stripped Classical and Art Deco. He was a leader of his profession and in the wider community, serving as the first Australian War Chest Commissioner during World War I.
==Family and early life== left|thumb|Budden's store and Stanger's Flour Mill, Rockley, in the 1870s Budden was born in Rockley, New South Wales, the son of Sarah Hale (née Stanger) and Arthur Budden. His mother's family were flour millers and his father was a bank manager and store keeper who was born in Braintree, Essex, England. The Budden and Stanger families were active and committed members of the Congregational Church.<ref name=WWIA>{{cite book |title=Who's Who in Australia |publisher=International Press Service Association |location=Sydney |year=1935 |page=171 }}</ref>
Bathurst is the nearest major town to Rockley and Budden travelled there daily to attend Bathurst Superior Public School. At 14 years of age, he commenced senior education, in Sydney, as a boarding student of Newington College (1886–1888). His three years at Newington coincided with the headmastership of William Henry Williams.<ref>''Newington College Register of Past Students 1863-1998'' (Sydney, 1999) pp 24</ref>
In 1889, Budden was articled in architecture to Harry Kent and in the ensuing five years studied at Sydney Technical College and the University of Sydney.<ref name=freeland>{{cite book |author=Freeland, J. M. |title=The Making of a Profession |publisher=Angus & Robertson|location=Sydney |year=1971 }}</ref>{{rp|218}}
===Sulman Scholarship=== {{Unreferencedsect|date=October 2024}} In 1894, he won the John Sulman Travelling Scholarship and studied in Europe. Budden attended the Royal Academy in London and became an associate by examination of the Royal Institute of British Architects. After travelling on the Continent, he returned to England and worked in the office of Sir Aston Webb. He then crossed the Atlantic and worked in the Boston firm of Peabody & Stearns before returning to Australia via San Francisco.
==Architectural career== ===Hunters Hill=== The Budden family moved to the Sydney suburb of Hunters Hill in 1892 and Henry resided there until 1910.
From 1887 Arthur Budden had owned {{convert|4|acre|ha|0|order=flip|spell=on}} of land on Woolwich Road and from 1899 he developed housing and a street known as Blake Avenue that gave access to Prince Edward Parade. The houses were designed by Henry Budden, with his father as the developer, and today are found at: 41 Woolwich Road, ''Wallawa''; 43 Woolwich Road, ''Gunagulla''; 2 Prince Edward Parade, ''Wirringulla''; and 4 Prince Edward Parade, ''Lucknow''. The speculative land and building aspirations of father and son came to fruition with the completion in 1912 of houses at 1 and 3 Prince Edward Parade. In this exercise the Budden's showed enlightened town planning and architectural principles.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.huntershilltrust.org.au/arch05a.htm |title=Hunters Hill Trust |access-date=12 January 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080719005851/http://www.huntershilltrust.org.au/arch05a.htm |archive-date=19 July 2008 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> These houses form part of the Sunnyside Estate and are listed on the local government heritage register.<ref>{{cite NSW HD|7408|Sunnyside Estate- Res, subdivision & houses|hr=00014|date=|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref>
At first Henry Budden lived in Hunters Hill with his parents at ''Moocooboolah'', 65 Alexandra Street,<ref>{{cite NSW HD|7153|Moocooboolah|hr=00014|date=|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref> until he married the girl next door, Ella Thomas, in 1902. As a couple they lived in a house designed by Budden, ''Morillah'', at 54 Woolwich Road.<ref>{{cite NSW HD|7442|Morillah|hr=00014|date=|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref> This house, with ''Kurrowah'' at 74 Alexandra Street,<ref>{{cite NSW HD|7150|Kurrowah|hr=00014|date=|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref> distinctly shows the emerging asymmetrical style of Budden as his angles take advantage of the northerly sun and river aspect of this suburb. Budden's most distinctive design in Hunters Hill is ''Mornington'' at 16 Vernon Street,<ref>{{cite NSW HD|7460|Mornington|hr=00014|date=|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref> completed in the Federation Bungalow style at its most creative.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Sherry, Beverley |title=Henry E. Budden and Federation Architecture in Hunters Hill |journal=Hunters Hill Trust Journal |volume=XI |number=2 |location=Sydney |year=1982 }}</ref>
===War Chest Commission=== At the outbreak of World War I, Budden was appointed 1st War Chest Commissioner by the Minister for War. This was an honorary appointment and Budden sailed for Egypt in July 1915 with full authority to reorganise and administer the distribution of comforts to Australian troops on active service. These comforts had been made available by various Australian charities.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/1575887/387366 |title=War Chest Commissioner |work=The Argus |location=Melbourne |date=29 October 1915 |accessdate=22 March 2019 |via=Trove, National Library of Australia }}</ref> In April 1916, he sailed from Egypt to London and continued his work in England and France, until his return to Australia in 1917. The following year he was honoured by the award of Commander of the Order of the British Empire for his services rendered.<ref>{{cite book |title=Architecture |date=April 1931 |publisher=NSW Institute of Architects |location=Sydney |page=85 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite It's an Honour |ausawardid=1065167 |date=15 March 1918 |recipient=Henry Ebenezer BUDDEN |award=The Order of the British Empire - Commander (Civil) (Imperial) |postnominal=CBE |citation=In recognition of service as organiser of the Australian Comforts Fund |postscript= |accessdate=22 March 2019 }}</ref>
===Architectural partnerships=== On Budden's return to Sydney, in 1899, he entered into partnership with his mentor, Harry Kent and the firm became known as Kent & Budden.
In 1913, Henry Kent and Henry Budden were joined in partnership by Carlyle Greenwell. Greenwell had served his articles with Kent & Budden and after attending Sydney Technical College and the University of Sydney he had completed a Bachelor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania.
The partnership of Kent, Budden and Greenwell was dissolved in 1919 with the departure of Harry Kent. Budden and Greenwell continued to work in partnership until 1922 and Kent joined H H. Masie and practiced with him until his retirement in 1930.<ref name=jones/>
On two occasions between partnerships, 1922–1931 and 1939–1940, Budden worked as a sole-trader under the name of H. E. Budden. He worked in conjunction with other Sydney architects on particular projects during this time.
From 1931 until 1939, Budden was in partnership with Nicholas Mackey. In the Sydney central business district, in 1938 the partnership designed Railway House, York Street, and in 1939 the former Metropolitan Water Sewerage & Drainage Board Building in Pitt Street.
From 1940, until his death, Budden practiced in partnership with Alan Nangle.
==Personal life== ===Congregational Church and Newington College=== Throughout the 45 years that Budden worked as an architect in New South Wales, two institutions had a strong influence on his commissions and partnerships - his church and his school. Harry Kent, Henry Budden and Carlyle Greenwell, and their extended families, were all active Congregationalists at a time when that Christian denomination was very influential in the upper middle classes of Sydney society and business. Much of his firms' work came from the church itself and from members of its parishes.<ref name=jones>{{cite book |author=Jones, Cathy |title=Harry Chambers Kent 1852-1938 |publisher=Strathfield District Historical Society |location=Sydney |year=2004 }}</ref> As an Old Newingtonian, Budden served on the Council of the college, as an honorary architect and as President of the Old Newingtonians' Union.<ref name=swain>{{cite book |author=Swain, P. L. |title=Newington Across the Years, A History of Newington College 1863 - 1998 |location=Sydney |year=1999 }}</ref>{{rp|347}} He employed and worked with many Old Newingtonians during his professional career including Carlyle Greenwell, William Hardy Wilson, Eric Heath and his final partner Alan Nangle. As with the church, the Newington community provided a good deal of work for Budden's firms. Sydney was a small and parochial city until World War II and this was Henry Budden's social and professional milieu.
===Community involvement=== * President - Old Newingtonians' Union (1920)<ref name=swain/>{{rp|347}} * President - Institute of Architects of NSW (1931–1932)<ref name=freeland/>{{rp|92}} * Government Nominee - NSW Board of Architects (1924–1944) * Life Governor - Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (1927)<ref name=WWIA/>
===Family life and death=== From 1910, Budden and his wife lived at ''Kingsbury'', Powell Street, Killara. They had two sons (Philip and Thomas) and five daughters (Joan, Janet, Alice, Louise and Helen), all of whom survived him on his death in Sydney in 1944.
==Partial list of works== The following buildings designed either in part or in full by Budden: {{incomplete list|date=March 2019}}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" |+ Buildings designed either in part or in full by Henry Budden |- ! scope="col" | Building name ! scope="col" | Image ! scope="col" | Location ! scope="col" | Year<br/>completed ! scope="col" | Award(s) ! scope="col" | Heritage register(s) ! scope="col" class="unsortable" | Notes |- | ''Emu Creek'' || || Emu Creek Road, Walcha ||align=center|1908 || || || |- | ''The Whurley'' || || 26 Cleveland Street, Wahroonga ||align=center|1913|| || || |- | ''Griffith Teas'' building || 100px || Wentworth Avenue, Surry Hills ||align=center|1912 || || Local government register ||<ref>{{cite NSW HD|2424319|Griffith's Building including interior|hr=I1648|fn=|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref> |- | Mothers and Wives Memorial to Soldiers || 100px || Potts Point / Woolloomooloo ||align=center|1922 || || ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityartsydney.com.au/artwork/first-world-war-soldiers-memorial-wives-and-mothers-memorial/ |title=FIRST WORLD WAR SOLDIERS MEMORIAL (WIVES AND MOTHERS MEMORIAL) |work=CityArt |publisher=City of Sydney |accessdate=22 March 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.warmemorialsregister.nsw.gov.au/content/woolloomooloo-bay-mothers-and-wives-memorial-soldiers |title=Woolloomooloo Bay Mothers and Wives Memorial to Soldiers |work=Register of War Memorials in NSW |publisher=Government of New South Wales |date=2019 |accessdate=22 March 2019 }}</ref> |- | David Jones || 100px || Corner of Elizabeth Street<br/>and Market Street, Sydney ||align=center|1927 || || Local government register ||<ref>{{cite NSW HD|2424032|David Jones Department Store Including Interior|hr=I1888|fn=|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref> |- | Brassey House || 100px || Barton, Australian Capital Territory ||align=center|1927 || || ||<ref>{{cite web |url=https://domahotels.com.au/hotels/canberra/brassey-hotel/ |publisher=DOMA Hotels Group |title=Brassey Hotel |accessdate=22 March 2019 }}</ref> |- | Extensions and renovation to Hotel Metropole<br/>{{small|(demolished in 1970)}} || 100px || Bent, Phillip and Young Streets, Sydney ||align=center|1929; 1935|| || || <ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article108991701 |title=Advertising |newspaper=Construction & Local Government Journal |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=6 April 1927 |accessdate=23 July 2023 |page=1 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article16372816 |title=HOTEL METROPOLE. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=27 April 1927 |accessdate=23 July 2023 |page=9 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article107355081 |title=The Hotel Metropole|newspaper=The Catholic Press|location=New South Wales, Australia |date=13 September 1928 |accessdate=23 July 2023 |page=79 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article160394513 |title=Hotel Metropole LARGEST & MOST MODERN HOTEL IN AUSTRALIA |newspaper=Sydney Mail |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=4 December 1929 |accessdate=23 July 2023 |page=29 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article166260854 |title=Hotel Metropole — Magnificent Additions |newspaper=Sydney Mail |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=30 January 1929 |accessdate=23 July 2023 |page=21 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article17125282 |title=HOTEL METROPOLE. |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=22 January 1935 |accessdate=23 July 2023 |page=3 |via=National Library of Australia}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Building Application (BA) Plans - Bent St (Hotel Metropole) (01/01/1934 - 31/12/1934), [A-00567542] |url=https://archives.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/nodes/view/1437164 |website=City of Sydney Archives |publisher=City of Sydney |access-date=23 July 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Building Application (BA) Plans - Bent St (Hotel Metropole) (01/01/1935 - 31/12/1935), [A-00583442] |url=https://archives.cityofsydney.nsw.gov.au/nodes/view/1448142 |website=City of Sydney Archives |publisher=City of Sydney |access-date=23 July 2023}}</ref> |- | Primary Producers Bank<br/>{{small|(demolished in 1964)}} || || 105 Pitt Street, Sydney ||align=center|1933 || Sulman Medal || || |- | Railway House || 100px || 19-31 York Street, Sydney ||align=center|1936 || Sulman Medal || NSW State Heritage Register ||<ref name=nswshr-1271>{{cite NSW SHR|5044984|Transport House|hr=01271|fn=S91/02291/11|accessdate=22 March 2019}}</ref><ref name="shi">{{cite NSW HD|2423858|Former Railway House (Part of Transport House) Including Interiors|date=|accessdate=20 December 2018}}</ref> |- | Transport House || || 99 Macquarie Street, Sydney ||align=center|1938 || || ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sydneyarchitecture.com/cbd/cbd1-014.htm |work=Sydney Architecture |title=Transport House: Former Department of Motor Transport |date=n.d. |accessdate=22 March 2019 }}</ref> |- | Metropolitan Water Sewerage &<br/>Drainage Board Building (former) || 100px || Pitt Street, Sydney ||align=center|1939 || || NSW State Heritage Register ||<ref name=nswshr-1645>{{cite NSW SHR|5053884|Sydney Water Head Office (former) (1939 building)|hr=01645|fn=EF14/5615; H05/115|accessdate=14 October 2018}}</ref> |}
==See also== {{stack|{{Portal|Architecture|Biography|Australia}}}} *List of Australian architects
==References== {{Reflist}}{{Peabody & Stearns}}{{Authority control}}
{{s-start}} {{s-npo|pro}} {{S-bef| before= James Peddle }} {{S-ttl| title=President of the Institute of Architects of New South Wales | years=1931–1932}} {{S-aft| after= Ernest Alfred Scott }} {{s-end}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Budden, Henry}} Category:1871 births Category:1944 deaths Category:Architects from Sydney Category:Australian Congregationalists Category:Australian Commanders of the Order of the British Empire Category:People educated at Newington College Category:Old Newingtonians' Union presidents Category:Federation architects Category:Peabody and Stearns people {{DEFAULTSORT:Budden, Henry}}