{{Infobox saint |name=Henry Budd |birth_date=circa 1812 |death_date=April 2, 1875 |feast_day= 2 April, 22 December |venerated_in=Anglican Church of Canada |image= Revd Henry Budd Portrait.jpg |imagesize= |caption= The Revd Henry Budd |birth_place= Norway House, Rupert's Land |death_place= The Pas, Manitoba |titles=Reverend |beatified_date= |beatified_place= |beatified_by= |canonized_date= |canonized_place= |canonized_by= |attributes= |patronage= |major_shrine= |suppressed_date= |issues= }} '''Henry Budd''' (circa 1812 – April 2, 1875), the first Native American ordained an Anglican priest, spent his career ministering to First Nations people.<ref name="CMSatlascan">{{cite web|author= |title= The Church Missionary Atlas (Canada)|pages= 220–226|date= 1896| url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Details/CMS_OX_Atlas_01|accessdate=19 October 2015 | publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |url-access=subscription }}</ref> He is not to be confused with Henry Budd, a wealthy Englishman.<ref name=":0" />
==Early life== Born to Cree parents in Norway House in what was then the Red River Colony, the youth originally named Sakachuwescam was baptised and renamed Henry Budd, after his own mentor the Rev. Henry Budd, by Anglican missionary the Rev. John West in 1822.<ref name="CBH">{{cite web|editor= Canon Bertal Heeney |title= Leaders of the Canadian Church, volume two |pages= |date= 1920| url= http://anglicanhistory.org/canada/bheeney/2/3.html | publisher = Toronto: Musson| accessdate=12 December 2015}}</ref> He attended the Church Missionary Society (CMS) school, which West had established in what was then known as the Red River Colony in what is now the province of Manitoba.<ref name="CMSatlascan"/><ref name="March1857">{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, March 1857|work= Missionary Work Around the Winnepegoosis Lake, Rupert's Land|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1857_03/3| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Fellow students included James Settee and Charles Pratt (Askenootow).<ref name="STXIII">{{cite web|author= Sarah Tucker |title= The Rainbow in the North: A Short Account of the First Establishment of Christianity in Rupert's Land by the Church Missionary Society: Chapter XIII. Rev. R. and Mrs. Hunt--Summary of the Missions--Ordination of the Rev. H. Budd|pages= |date= 1851| url= http://anglicanhistory.org/canada/rainbow/13.html| publisher = London: James Nisbet | accessdate=12 December 2015}}</ref>
Raised and educated by missionaries including West, George Harbridge and David Jones, Budd returned to the Lower Church District (later St. Andrew's)<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=http://www.stclementsheritage.com/index.php/our-heritage/places-of-worship/-anglican/stpeters-church/st-peters-church |title=St.Clements Heritage - St. Peters Church |access-date=2013-12-23 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20131223065357/http://www.stclementsheritage.com/index.php/our-heritage/places-of-worship/-anglican/stpeters-church/st-peters-church |archive-date=2013-12-23 |url-status=usurped }}</ref> to assist his mother and sister-in-law in 1828.<ref>Katherine Pettipas, The Diary of the Reverend Henry Budd, 1870-1875 (Winnipeg, 1974), available at http://www.mhs.mb.ca/docs/books/mrs04.pdf p. 17</ref> He took a job with the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) and ultimately married Betsy Work, daughter of a company factor. Upon completing his HBC contract, Budd and his wife bought a farm near the Red River's great rapids (a/k/a St. Andrew's).<ref>Pettipas at p. 18</ref> They had six children, Henry, John, Elizabeth and 3 other daughters.<ref name="CCC">{{cite web|author= |title= Letter of Henry Budd, written at Red River Academy|pages= |date= 3 August 1860| url= http://anglicanhistory.org/indigenous/budd/mission1851.html | publisher = The Colonial Church Chronicle and Missionary Journal, Vol. IV (January, 1851) pages 247-252| accessdate=12 December 2015}}</ref>
==Career== In September 1830, Henry Budd began studying for ordination under West, although he would not be ordained deacon for two more decades.<ref name="STXIII"/> In 1837, Budd began teaching at the St. John's church school. In 1840, missionaries John Smithurst and William Cockran asked Budd to help them establish a mission to the Cree in the Cumberland House District.<ref name="MEJ">{{cite web|author= M. E. Johnson|title= Dayspring in the Far West Sketches of Mission-Work in North-West America: Chapter III. Extension of the Mission Westwards |pages= |date= 1851| url= http://anglicanhistory.org/canada/dayspring/03.html| publisher = London: Seeley, Jackson and Halliday| accessdate=12 December 2015}}</ref> Budd, his wife and mother then moved to Paskoyac (later known as The Pas), where they worked with minimal church supervision until 1844. Budd tried to make the station self-supporting, introducing farming methods to the native peoples, who previously subsisted on hunting and fishing and supplemented their diet by trading furs to the Hudson's Bay Company. When English missionary James Hunter arrived at The Pas, Budd assisted him in learning the language and other matters.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://forallsaints.wordpress.com/2011/04/02/henry-budd-priest-1875/ |title = Henry Budd, Presbyter, 1875|date = 2 April 2011}}</ref>
Bishop David Anderson ordained Budd a deacon on December 22, 1850,<ref name="STXIII"/> and in 1853 ordained him a priest as well as consecrated Christ Church, which Budd had labored to build at The Pas during the previous decade, overcoming the initial opposition of the HBC factor as well as some local tribal leaders.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://anglicanhistory.org/canada/danderson/seal.html |title = The Seal of Apostleship, by David Anderson}}</ref><ref>Pettipas at pp. 26-27</ref> After Hunter left in 1854, Budd continued using The Pas as a base until assigned to establish a mission at Fort a la Corne, also on the Saskatchewan River. The Church Missionary Society published some of his journals.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://anglicanhistory.org/indigenous/budd/ |title = Henry Budd}}</ref> Beginning in 1857, after training the Rev. Henry George to succeed him at The Pas, Budd moved north to the Nepowesin Mission, where he ministered to the Plains Cree of Manitoba and Saskatchewan for a decade. There in 1864–1865, a scarlet fever epidemic took the lives of his wife, eldest son and a daughter, so Budd sent three other children to live at Red River while he continued his work, hampered as well by injuries sustained falling off a horse.<ref>Pettipas at pp. 35-36</ref>
In 1867, the local corresponding committee recommended that The Pas be reclassified from a missionary station (four successive English missionaries having complained of the lack of evangelistic compared to pastoral opportunities) to one requiring a native pastor.<ref>Pettipas at pp. 33-34.</ref> Despite misgivings about the mission's deterioration in his absence, and the lower salary he received compared to the white missionaries, Budd returned to The Pas.
==Death and legacy== Respected for his administrative abilities as well as his eloquence in Cree and English, Budd spent the last eight years of his life at The Pas. He succeeding in rebuilding the outpost, even though the local fur trade had collapsed. There he died of influenza in 1875<ref name="Dec1875">{{cite web |first = | last = |title= The Church Missionary Gleaner, December 1875|work= The Late Rev. Henry Budd|accessdate=24 October 2015 |url= http://www.churchmissionarysociety.amdigital.co.uk/Documents/Images/CMS_OX_Gleaner_1875_12/7| publisher = Adam Matthew Digital |url-access=subscription }}</ref> and despair not long after the death of another son in 1874. Two daughters survived Budd, and were taken care of by the Church Missionary Society.<ref>Pettipas at pp. 39-40</ref>
Budd translated the Bible and the Book of Common Prayer into the Cree Language. According to his biography published in 1920, at least one First Nations Christian man recalls being more devastated by Budd's death than the passing of his own father.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.stjamestigard.org/sermons/2011/saint25dec2011budd.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-12-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407062613/http://www.stjamestigard.org/sermons/2011/saint25dec2011budd.pdf |archive-date=2014-04-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The Canadian Calendar of Holy Persons of the Anglican Church of Canada remembers Budd on the anniversary of his death, April 2.
The Henry Budd College for Ministry, a theological college of the Diocese of Brandon for the development of First Nation, Métis and other persons for ministry, is located at The Pas.<ref name="JSC">{{cite web|author= |title= Henry Budd College for Ministry|pages= |date= 2015| url= http://www.anglican.ca/about/educational/ | publisher =Anglican Church of Canada | accessdate=12 December 2015}}</ref>
==External links== * [http://anglicanhistory.org/indigenous/budd/index.html Anglican history: Henry Budd 1814-1875]
==References== {{Reflist}} {{Portal|Christianity}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Budd, Henry}} Category:Translators of the Bible into indigenous languages of the Americas Category:Canadian Anglican priests Category:People from Rupert's Land Category:People from The Pas Category:1812 births Category:1875 deaths Category:Anglican missionaries in Canada Category:Anglican saints Category:19th-century American translators Category:American missionary linguists Category:Cree people Category:American missionaries in Canada Category:19th-century biblical scholars