{{Use British English|date=June 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}} The '''Havell family''' of [[Reading, Berkshire]], [[England]], included a number of notable [[Engraving|engravers]], [[Etching|etchers]] and painters, as well as writers, publishers, educators, and musicians. In particular, members of this family were among the foremost practitioners of [[aquatint]]; and had a long association with Indian [[Indian art|art]] and [[Culture of india|culture]]. The family first came to notice through the brothers Luke Havell (drawing master, 1752?–1810) and Robert Havell the Elder (engraver and publisher, 1769–1832); along with their nephew Daniel Havell (engraver, 1786–1822).
== Luke Havell ==
Luke Havell, born 1752,<ref name="sporting aquatints">Charles Lane (1978), ''Sporting Aquatints and their Engravers: 1775–1820''. Leigh-on-Sea: F. Lewis, {{ISBN|0-85317-058-4}}. pp.45 ''et seq.''</ref> was lifted from a future life as a farmhand when a local squire recognised his talents and apprenticed him to a signwriter named Ayliffe Cole, from 1762 to 1764.<ref name="odnb">Lucy Peltz (2004), [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/67016 "Havell family"], ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]''. {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/67016}}</ref> He was appointed drawing-master at [[Reading Grammar School]], where he served under the headmastership of [[Richard Valpy]], and also had a small print shop in the town. He married Charlotte Phillips in 1778, and together they had fourteen children, including the painter [[William Havell]] (1782–1857), and Edmund Havell (1785–1864) who took on the print shop, and succeeded his father as drawing master at the school.
== Robert Havell Sr. ==
[[File:Robert Havell00.jpg|thumb|{{center|Robert Havell Jr.'s shop, The Zoological Gallery, at 77 [[Oxford Street]], London (opened in 1831)}}]]
Robert Havell Sr. (29 December 1769 – 21 November 1832) was the proprietor of a printing and engraving shop, with an ancillary business in natural history artefacts, in the [[Marylebone]] district of London, in the early decades of the nineteenth century. Robert was the brother of Luke Havell, and named as such in Luke's will;<ref name="sporting aquatints" /><ref>[http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/s/c/h/John-K-Schlosser/WEBSITE-0001/UHP-0036.html Will of Luke Havell], transcription on a website of John K. Schlosser.</ref> another brother, William, a butcher, was buried in Reading in 1832.<ref>Leaves from Robert Havell Sr.'s family bible; published in George F. Tudor Sherwood (1907), ''The Pedigree Register'', vol 1. London: [[Society of Genealogists]], p. [https://archive.org/stream/pedigreeregister01sher#page/354/mode/2up 354]; William Havell, buried 21 December 1832, St Lawrence, Reading</ref> In February 1793 Robert married Lydia Miller Phillips at [[St Sepulchre-without-Newgate|St Sepulchre]] church in London;<ref>Parish record indexes, at [[familysearch.org]]</ref> their eldest son Robert was born in Reading in December the same year.
By 1801 Havell was established at 3 Chapel Street, off [[Tottenham Court Road]], in London, giving his occupation as "artist".<ref name="sporting aquatints" /> The business, known from 1818 to 1825 as Havell and Son, became well known for its expertise in aquatint engraving and colouring.
In 1824, following the marriage of his son, Robert moved the business to 79 Newman Street,<ref name="sporting aquatints" /> where John James Audubon approached him in 1827 to engrave a portfolio of 240 drawings he had brought with him from America. Recognizing that without the help of another expert engraver he would not be able to take on a work of this magnitude, Robert Havell Sr. contacted his son, Robert Havell Jr., who had quarrelled with his father and left London in an attempt to launch an independent artistic career. Robert Havell Jr. consented to reestablish the partnership with his father and agreed to engrave the plates of Audubon's drawings, with Robert Sr. supervising their printing and colouring. The collaboration between father and son continued in this way until Robert Havell Sr.'s retirement in 1828.<ref>[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/18482/pages/1253 Notice of dissolution of partnership], ''[[The London Gazette]]'', No. 18482, p. 1253 (27 June 1828)</ref> Robert died in 1832, and was buried at the [[Old St. Pancras Church]] graveyard in London.
== Daniel Havell ==
[[File:Havell family - South East View of St. Paul's Cathedral - B1977.14.16242 - Yale Center for British Art.jpg|thumb|''South East View of St. Paul's Cathedral'', [[aquatint]] engraved by Daniel Havell, 1818, after painting by [[John Gendall]]. Published by Ackermann]]
In older texts (and in the current ''[[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]]''), Daniel Havell is often claimed as the ''father'' of Robert (and sometimes of Luke as well);<ref>e.g. Prideaux (1909), p. [https://archive.org/stream/aquatintengravin00pridiala#page/n327/mode/2up 265]; Williams (1916); ''[[ODNB]]'' (2004). ''[[Benezit Dictionary of Artists]]'' (2006) has Daniel and Robert as ''brothers''.<br /> The ''[[Grove Dictionary of Art]]'' (1999/2006) hedges, writing that "According to their descendants, Robert was undeniably Daniel's son, though there is evidence to suggest that he may have been his uncle."</ref> but more recent references generally place him as born in 1785, the son of Luke's brother Thomas, also a painter, who was born in 1762.<ref name="sporting aquatints" /> Daniel moved to London, and set up in partnership as an aquatint engraver with Robert Havell. Together they published aquatints of ''Twenty Four Views Taken in St. Helena'' (1809–10) after pictures by [[Henry Salt (Egyptologist)|Henry Salt]], and ''Twelve Picturesque Views of the River Thames'' (1812) from watercolours by William Havell. But the partnership did not last, and soon Daniel was working independently, including plates for [[Rudolph Ackermann]]'s ''History of Cambridge'' (1815) and Ackermann's history of various Public Schools including [[Eton College|Eton]], [[Winchester College|Winchester]] and [[Rugby School|Rugby]] (1816), as well as a celebrated view of [[St Paul's Cathedral]] (1818) and various other London landmarks for Ackermann's ''[[Repository of Arts]]''. Other subjects included topographical views of Devon, and of North Wales; and views of naval engagements. Havell's final work was for [[Edward Wedlake Brayley|E.W. Brayley]]'s ''Historical and descriptive accounts of the theatres of London'' (1826) "illustrated with a view of each theatre, elegantly coloured, drawn and engraved by the late Daniel Havell."<ref name="Brit Mus">{{cite web |last=Havell |first=Daniel |title=Daniel Havell: Related objects |url=https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG30867 |publisher=[[British Museum]] |access-date=30 July 2023 |quote=195 Related objects [prints]}}</ref>
The Daniel Havell who was the son of Thomas Havell was baptised on 30 November 1786 at St Mary's, Reading; married Maria Alice Wilmot (1796-1873), daughter of Dr. Samuel and Martha (née Russell) Wilmot on 5 June 1813 at St James's in Paddington; and was buried on 19 May 1822 at Kingston upon Thames, his occupation given as "artist".<ref>Parish record indexes at [[familysearch.org]]</ref> His widow married artist John Gendall (1790-1865).
== Robert Havell Jr. == [[File:Portrait of Robert Havell Junior 1845.png|upright|thumb|Robert Havell Jr., 1845]]
Robert Havell Jr. (25 November 1793 – 11 November 1878) was the principal engraver of Audubon's ''[[Birds of America (book)|Birds of America]]'', seen in America as "perhaps the most significant natural history publication of all time". His aquatint engraving of all but the first ten plates of [[John James Audubon]]'s ''Birds of America'' is now recognised as a significant artistic achievement in its own right and an essential component of the success of ''Birds of America''. He and Audubon became close friends and associates during their lengthy collaboration. In 1839 Havell went to America at the invitation of Audubon, first residing in [[Brooklyn]]. He settled in [[Ossining (village), New York|Ossining]] on the Hudson River and later moved to [[Tarrytown, New York]], living there from 1857 through his remaining years. Although Havell continued to work in aquatint and engraving (primarily city panoramas), he devoted most of his attention to painting the countryside of the Hudson River valley. He travelled frequently in a homemade horse-drawn trailer, sketching and taking notes and translating his sketches into larger oils. Robert Havell Jr. is considered a member of the [[Hudson River School]] of American painters. He died in 1878 and is buried in [[Sleepy Hollow Cemetery]] in [[New York (state)|New York state]].<ref>{{cite journal |first=George Alfred |last=Williams |title=Robert Havell, Junior, Engraver of Audubon's ''The Birds of America'' |journal=The Print-Collector's Quarterly |year=1916 |volume=VI |issue=2 |pages=226–257}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |first=Joseph |last=Goddu |title=The making of Audubon's ''The Birds of America'' |journal=Magazine Antiques |url=http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1026/is_5_162/ai_94079256 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070112015621/http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1026/is_5_162/ai_94079256 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2007-01-12 |date=November 2002 }}</ref>
== Luke Havell's descendants ==
The following list of Luke Havell's descendants is incomplete; covering only those referenced in published sources.
* Luke Havell: drawing master and painter. Born Reading; married Charlotte Phillips 1778; died 1810 Reading. ** [[William Havell]]: landscape painter in watercolours and oils; frequently exhibited at the [[Royal Academy]]; travelled and painted in China, [[India]], Ceylon (now [[Sri Lanka]]), and Italy. Born 1782 Reading; died 1857 Kensington.<ref name="Benezit 2010" /><ref name="Bryan 1904" /><ref name="Grove 1996" /><ref name="Mallalieu_1986" /><ref name="Wood 1995" /> ** Edmund Havell: drawing master and painter; exhibited at the [[Royal Academy]]. Born 1785 Reading; married Maria Binfield; died 1864.<ref name="Benezit 2010" /><ref name="Mallalieu_1986" /> *** Edmund Havell junior: genre and portrait painter, and lithographer; frequently exhibited at the [[Royal Academy]]. Queen Victoria's official portraitist. Came to America and exhibited at the Centennial in Philadelphia. Born 1819 Reading; died 1899 London.<ref name="Benezit 2010" /><ref name="Mallalieu_1986" /><ref name="Wood 1995" /> **** Alfred Charles Havell: painter of horses and figurative subjects; exhibited at the [[Royal Academy]]. Born 1855 Chelsea; married Mary Marpole Lewis 1878; died 1928.<ref name="Wood 1995" /> *** Susannah Maria Havell: musician and music teacher, working with her aunt the minor composer Hannah Rampton Binfield. Born 1822 Reading. *** Charles Richard(s) Havell: landscape painter, exhibited at the [[Royal Academy]]. Born 1828 Reading; married Charlotte Amelia Lord (granddaughter of [[Thomas Lord]]) 1855; died 1892 Caversham.<ref name="Benezit 2010" /><ref name="Mallalieu_1986" /><ref name="Wood 1995" /> **** [[Ernest Binfield Havell]]: art writer and educator, especially in [[Indian art]]; superintendent of Government Art Schools at Madras (now [[Chennai]]) and Calcutta (now [[Kolkata]]). With [[Abanindranath Tagore]], he established the Bengal school of art. Born 1861 Reading; died 1934 Oxford.<ref name="Grove 1996" /><ref>[http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/37520 Havell, Ernest Binfield], [[Oxford Dictionary of National Biography]], {{doi|10.1093/ref:odnb/37520}}</ref> **** Herbert Lord Havell: classicist and writer; his posthumously published ''Republican Rome'' (1914) is still in print. Born 1863 Reading; died 1913 Oxford. ** Charles Havell: painter and drawing master at the Reading School. Born 1792 Reading; married Thirza Cheverton 1824. ** Henry Havell: [[Heraldry|heraldic]] painter; "decorator to the King" (according to Bryan). Born 1796 Reading; married Elizabeth Sims 1821; emigrated to the United States 1829. ** George Havell: painter; travelled and painted in [[India]]. Born 1799 Reading; married Mary Ann Hale 1825; died 1839? India. ** Frederick James Havell: steel engraver in line and [[mezzotint]] and made experiments in photography. Born 1801 Reading.<ref name="Benezit 2010" /><ref name="Hunnisett 1980" /> **Charles Cedric Havell. Grandson of Charles Richard Havell. His father, Charles G Havell was a doctor at Felixstowe. His mother Cicely Ridpath was a model for Louise Jopling the artist. Charles Cedric went to Rugby School, Warwickshire and then Pembroke College, Cambridge University. While at Rugby he enthusiastically participated in the Officer Training Corps. In November 1914 he joined the Territorial Army and served as an officer in the Suffolk Regiment, achieving the rank of captain. In 1915 he was awarded the Military Cross for the brave command of a trench mortar position under extreme conditions. After the war he joined the Imperial Tobacco Company, where he eventually became a director. Charles Havell also sat on a judicial panel which heard cases concerning commercial practice.
== References ==
<references>
<ref name="Benezit 2010">''[[Benezit Dictionary of Artists]]''. Oxford University Press. 2010. {{ISBN|978-0199773787}}.</ref> <ref name="Bryan 1904">{{cite book |last=Bryan |first=Michael |year=1926–34 |orig-year=1903–04 |publisher=Bell |title=Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers}}</ref> <ref name="Hunnisett 1980">{{cite book |last=Hunnisett |first=Basil |year=1980 |publisher=F. Lewis |title=A Dictionary of British Steel Engravers |isbn=0-85317-067-3}}</ref> <ref name="Mallalieu_1986">{{cite book |last=Mallalieu |first=H. L. |year=1986 |publisher=Antique Collectors' Club |title=The Dictionary of British Watercolour Artists up to 1920 |isbn=1-85149-036-1}}</ref> <ref name="Grove 1996">{{cite book |editor-last=Turner |editor-first=Jane|year=1996 |publisher=Grove |title=The Dictionary of Art |isbn=1-884446-00-0}}</ref> <ref name="Wood 1995">{{cite book |last=Wood |first=Christopher |year=1995 |publisher=Antique Collectors' Club |title=Victorian Painters |isbn=1-85149-171-6}}</ref>
</references>
== External links ==
* {{cite web |title=Havell |work=artnet – The Grove Dictionary of Art |url=http://www.artnet.com/library/03/0369/T036953.asp |access-date=12 June 2006}} * {{cite web |title=William Havell |work=artnet – The Grove Dictionary of Art |url=http://www.artnet.com/library/03/0369/T036954.asp |access-date=12 June 2006}} * {{cite web |title=Robert Havell Jr. |work=artnet – The Grove Dictionary of Art |url=http://www.artnet.com/library/03/0369/T036956.asp |access-date=12 June 2006}} * {{cite book |title=A Handbook to Agra and the Taj by E. B. Havell |publisher=[[Project Gutenberg]] |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/12006 |access-date=12 June 2006}} * {{cite book |title=On the Sublime by Longinus (translator H. L. Havell) |publisher=[[Project Gutenberg]] |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/17957 |access-date=12 June 2006}} * {{cite book |title=Stories from the Odyssey by H. L. Havell |publisher=[[Project Gutenberg]] |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/13725 |access-date=12 June 2006}} * {{cite book |title=Stories from Thucydides by H. L. Havell |publisher=[[Project Gutenberg]] |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/9074 |access-date=12 June 2006}} * An engraving by Frederick James Havell for Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1838 of {{ws|[[s:Letitia Elizabeth Landon (L. E. L.) in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1838/Hurdwar—The Gate of Vishnoo|Hurdwar—The Gate of Vishnoo]]}} painted by James Duffield Harding with a poetical illustration by [[Letitia Elizabeth Landon]].
{{DEFAULTSORT:Havell family}} [[Category:18th-century English painters]] [[Category:19th-century English painters]] [[Category:Artist families]] [[Category:English engravers]] [[Category:English etchers]] [[Category:English families]] [[Category:People from Reading, Berkshire]]