{{Short description|Mosque in Istanbul, Turkey}} {{Infobox religious building | building_name = Haseki Sultan Complex | native_name = Haseki Sultan Külliyesi | image = Haseki complex 1358.jpg | caption = | map_type = Istanbul Fatih | map_size = | map_caption = Location within the Fatih district, Istanbul | location = Avrat Pazarı neighbourhood, [[Fatih]] district, [[Istanbul]], Turkey | coordinates = {{coord|41|0|30.8|N|28|56|30.6|E|display=inline,title}} | religious_affiliation = [[Sunni Islam]] | rite = | region = | state = | province = | territory = | prefecture = | sector = | district = | cercle = | municipality = | consecration_year = | status = | functional_status = | heritage_designation = | leadership = | website = | architecture = yes | architect = [[Mimar Sinan]] | architecture_type = | architecture_style = [[Ottoman architecture|Ottoman]] | general_contractor = | facade_direction = | groundbreaking = | year_completed = Mosque: 1538–39 (second dome added in 1612–13)<br>Madrasa: 1539–40<br>Soup-kitchen: 1540–41<br>Hospital: 1550–51 | construction_cost = | specifications = yes | capacity = | length = | width = | width_nave = | height_max = | dome_quantity = | dome_height_outer = | dome_height_inner = | dome_dia_outer = | dome_dia_inner = 11.3 m | minaret_quantity = 1 | minaret_height = | spire_quantity = | spire_height = | materials = }} [[File:Haseki Sultan Complex Gurlitt 1912.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Elevations and plans published by [[Cornelius Gurlitt (art historian)|Cornelius Gurlitt]] in 1912]]
The '''Haseki Sultan Complex''' (also '''Hürrem Sultan Complex''') ({{langx|tr|Haseki Sultan Külliyesi}}) is a 16th-century [[Ottoman imperial mosque]] complex in the [[Fatih]] district of [[Istanbul]], Turkey. It was the first royal project designed by the chief imperial architect [[Mimar Sinan]].
==History== The mosque complex was commissioned by [[Haseki sultan|Haseki]] [[Hürrem Sultan]], the wife of the [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Suleiman the Magnificent]]. She had married the sultan around 1534 and probably used her dowry to finance the project.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=268}} The buildings were designed by the architect [[Mimar Sinan]]. It was his first imperial project and it is possible that some elements were planned by his predecessor.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=271}}
The complex contained a Friday mosque, a soup-kitchen (''[[imaret]]''), a [[madrasa]], an elementary school (''[[mektep]]'') and a hospital (''[[darüssifa]]'').{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=271}} The large complex was built in several stages on either side of a narrow street. The mosque was completed in 1538–39 ([[Hijri year|AH]] 945), the madrasa was completed a year later in 1539–40 (AH 946) and the soup-kitchen in 1540–41 (AH 947). The hospital was not completed until 1550–51 (AH 957).{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=271}}
==Description== The simple mosque is constructed with alternating courses of stone and brick and has a single-galleried minaret. The portico has five arches with five small domes supported by six thin marble columns. Originally the prayer-hall was covered by a single dome with a diameter of 11.3 meters.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=274}} In 1612–13, during the reign of [[Ahmed I]], the mosque was enlarged to accommodate an increased congregation. A second dome was added and the prayer hall was doubled in size.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=271}} The painted decorations on the dome are not original. Unlike the madrasa and the soup-kitchen, the mosque lacks any ''[[cuerda seca]]'' tile-work.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=274}}
The hospital has an octagonal courtyard and is the only building in the complex with an [[ashlar]] construction.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=274}} The carved stone inscription over the entrance from the street is a [[chronogram]] in Turkish giving the date of construction.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=271}} The madrasa is U-shaped around a central courtyard with 16 small cells and a lecture hall.{{sfn|Goodwin|1971|p=204}} The soup-kitchen is also arranged around a courtyard. The cooking area at the northern end has four octagonal chimneys.{{sfn|Goodwin|1971|p=205}} A surviving account book shows that there were originally tiled lunette panels above six of the windows.{{sfn|Necipoğlu|2005|p=272}}
The complex was restored in 2010–2012.{{sfn|Alioğlu|Olcay|Sünnetçi|2012}}
==Gallery== <gallery> File:Haseki complex 9935.jpg|Haseki mosque from street File:Haseki complex 5966.jpg|Haseki mosque general view File:Haseki complex 5965.jpg|Haseki mosque original part File:Haseki complex 5963.jpg|Haseki mosque added part with hünkar mahfili File:Haseki complex 5962.jpg|Haseki mosque, the first and second domes File:Haseki complex 0954.jpg|Haseki complex entrance to some buildings File:Haseki complex 1358.jpg|Haseki complex west side File:Haseki complex 0952.jpg|Haseki complex kitchens of imaret </gallery>
==See also== *[[List of Friday mosques designed by Mimar Sinan]]
==References== {{reflist|2}}
==Sources== *{{cite journal | last1=Alioğlu | first1=E. Füsun | last2=Olcay | first2=Aydemir | last3=Sünnetçi | first3=Ebru | year=2012 | title=Haseki Hürrem Sultan Külliyesi 2010-2012 Yılları Restorasyonu | journal=Vakıf Restorasyon Yıllığı | volume=4 | pages=17–29 | place=Istanbul | publisher=Turkish Government, Istanbul Region | issn=2146-3166 | language=Turkish | url=http://istanbulavrupa.vgm.gov.tr/editor/file/Vak%C4%B1f%20Restorasyon%20Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1/SAYI%204/4003%20Haseki%20H%C3%BCrrem%20Sultan%20K%C3%BClliyesi%281%29.pdf | access-date=2015-02-25 | archive-date=2016-03-04 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304085304/http://istanbulavrupa.vgm.gov.tr/editor/file/Vak%C4%B1f%20Restorasyon%20Y%C4%B1ll%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1/SAYI%204/4003%20Haseki%20H%C3%BCrrem%20Sultan%20K%C3%BClliyesi(1).pdf | url-status=dead }} *{{cite book | last=Goodwin | first=Godfrey | year=1971 | title=A History of Ottoman Architecture | url=https://archive.org/details/historyofottoman0000good_o1e5 | url-access=registration | publisher=Thames and Hudson | place=London | isbn=0-500-27429-0 }} * {{cite book | last= Necipoğlu | first=Gülru | year=2005 | title=The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire | publisher=Reaktion Books | place=London | isbn=978-1-86189-253-9 }}
==External links== {{Commons}} *[http://archnet.org/sites/1990 Haseki Hürrem Sultan Külliyesi], Archnet *[http://www.pbase.com/dosseman/haseki Photographs of the mosque by Dick Osseman] *{{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025112908/http://mitademo.com/mimarlik/egitim-yapilari-mimarlik/a-historical-look-to-educational-buildings-istanbul-haseki-kulliye-madrasah/ |date=25 October 2015 |title=A Historical Look to Educational Buildings: Istanbul Haseki Kulliye Madrasah - Mitademo}}
{{Mosques in Turkey}}{{Ottoman architecture}} [[Category:Fatih]] [[Category:Mimar Sinan buildings]] [[Category:Ottoman mosques in Istanbul]] [[Category:Mosques completed in the 1530s]] [[Category:1539 establishments in the Ottoman Empire]] [[Category:Religious buildings and structures completed in 1539]]