{{Expand Vietnamese|topic=struct}} {{Infobox building | name = Hanoi Opera House | native_name = Nhà hát Lớn Hà Nội | status = completed | image = File: Hanoi Opera House, 24 December 2016.jpg | image_size = 245 | image_alt = | caption = | pushpin_map = | pushpin_map_alt = | map_caption = | altitude = | building_type = Opera house, theater | architectural_style = Neoclassical, eclecticism | structural_system = | cost = ₣2 million, equivalent to ~US$8.4 million in 2011 | client = | owner = | current_tenants = | location = 1 Trang Tien street, Cua Nam ward, Hanoi | location_country = Vietnam | coordinates = | construction_start_date = 7 June 1901 | completion_date = | opened_date = {{start date and age|df=yes|9 December 1911}} | height = {{convert|34|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | other_dimensions = length {{convert|87|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}<br />width {{convert|30|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}<br />area {{convert|2600|m2|acre|1|abbr=on}} | seating_capacity = 598 | main_contractor = Travery, Savelon | architect = Broyer, V. Harley, Francois Lagisquet | structural_engineer = | awards = | website = {{URL|http://www.hanoioperahouse.org.vn/}} }} The '''Hanoi Opera House''' ({{langx|fr|Opéra de Hanoï}}), or the '''Grand Opera House''' ({{langx|vi|Nhà hát lớn Hà Nội}}, {{langx|fr|Grand Opéra}}) is an opera house in central Hanoi, Vietnam. Built by the French colonial administration between 1901 and 1911, it is one of three opera houses built during the colonial period in French Indochina, alongside Haiphong Opera House and Municipal Theatre in Ho Chi Minh City.

==Building==

It was modeled on the Palais Garnier, the older of Paris's two opera houses, and is considered to be one of the architectural landmarks of Hanoi. The main architectural style of the Opera House is Neoclassicism. As mentioned before, Hanoi Opera House was modeled on the Palais Garnier but with a smaller scale and using materials that are suitable with the environment. After the departure of the French the opera house became the scene for several political events,<ref>War in the Shadows: The Guerrilla in History: Volume 1 - Page 403 Robert B. Asprey - 2002 "In early September, Viet Minh leaders (accompanied by OSS officers) stood on the balcony of the Hanoi opera house to proclaim the new Democratic Republic of Vietnam (the DRV)."</ref> as well as the scene of street fighting during the fight for Hanoi.

The Hanoi Opera House provides the names for the neighboring Hilton Hanoi Opera Hotel which opened in 1999, as well as for the MGallery Hotel de l'Opera Hanoi, which opened in 2011. For historical reasons associated with the Vietnam War, the Hilton Hanoi Opera Hotel was not named the Hanoi Hilton.

==The Opera Company== ===Colonial period=== The opera house is described in the memoirs of Blanche Arral who performed in the new Hanoi Opera House in 1902 while waiting for the 1902 Exposition of Hanoi to open.<ref>Arral, pp.??: "Like so many theaters in remote places, it was a small-scale model of the Paris Opera, new and with all the latest equipment for theatrical productions. It was our plan to give performances in Haiphong until such time as the International Exposition at Hanoi opened, and then to alternate between the two cities."</ref> The opera had depended on touring artists performing French and Italian repertoire during the colonial period for a mainly French audience.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hanoioperahouse.org.vn/E_FontEnd/E_Lichsu.aspx |title=History |access-date=2012-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120909000351/http://www.hanoioperahouse.org.vn/E_FontEnd/E_Lichsu.aspx |archive-date=2012-09-09 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===The Vietnam National Opera and Ballet (VNOB)=== After the departure of the French the building was used for Vietnamese plays and musicals. The return of Western opera, and the first major non-French or Italian opera, was a performance of Tchaikovsky's ''Eugene Onegin'' organised under Vietnam-Soviet cultural auspices in 1960, where the Russian vocal coach selected an untrained singer Quý Dương as a fit for the baritone title role.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.baomoi.com/Nghe-sy-Quy-Duong-Tinh-ca-dai-theo-dat-nuoc/71/6546611.epi |title=Nghệ sỹ Quý Dương: Tình ca dài theo đất nước |access-date=2012-09-26 |archive-date=2011-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110907121000/http://www.baomoi.com/Nghe-sy-Quy-Duong-Tinh-ca-dai-theo-dat-nuoc/71/6546611.epi |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Today the orchestra of the opera overlaps with the Vietnam National Symphony Orchestra, and calls on the Hanoi Philharmonic Orchestra of the Hanoi Conservatory. Famous singers of the company include the Tchaikovsky Conservatory-trained soprano Lê Dung, the youngest ever person to be awarded People's Artist of Vietnam in 1993.

The Opera has seen many premieres of operas and musicals by Vietnamese composers. The operas of Đỗ Nhuận - ''Cô Sao'' ('Miss Sao') 1965, ''Người tạc tượng'' ('The Sculptor') 1971 and ''Nguyễn Trãi'' 1980, the works of Lưu Hữu Phước and the choral works of film composer Đặng Hữu Phúc. As well as works by returning emigre composers such as Nguyễn Thiên Đạo, a pupil of Messiaen in Paris.

The National Ballet is also part of the Opera House company and stages Western classics such as ''Swan Lake'' as well as traditional and modern Vietnamese dance productions.

==Gallery== <gallery mode="packed" heights="150"> File:LUNE Hanoi Opera House 01.jpg File: Hanoi Opera House, 24 December 2016.jpg File:Hanoi Opera House - detail.jpg File:Hanoi Opera House 2018.jpg File:Mặt Nam Nhà hát Lớn HN.JPG File:Opera House - Hanoi - Vietnam.JPG File:Hanoi opera house. Made as a copy of the Opera Garnier in Paris (22334215449).jpg File:LUNE Hanoi Opera House 02.jpg File:Hanoi opera stage.JPG File:LUNE Hanoi Opera House 03.jpg File:Hanoi Opera House 2012 1.jpg File:Hanoï - Théâtre rue Paul Bert.jpg

File:Hanoï - Rue Paul Bert.jpg File:Nhahatlonhanoi07.jpg </gallery>

==See also== * Grand Palais (Hanoi)

Smaller French theaters built around the same time: * Saigon Opera House * Haiphong Opera House

==References== '''Notes''' {{reflist}} '''Sources''' *Arral, Blanche (Trans: Ira Glackens; Ed: William R. Moran), ''Extraordinary Operatic Adventures of Blanche Arral''. Milwaukee, WI: Amadeus Press, 2002 {{ISBN|1574670778}} {{ISBN|9781574670776}}

==External links== {{Commons category|Hanoi Opera House}} *[http://hanoioperahouse.org.vn/chuong-trinh/ Performance at Hanoi Opera House] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226080837/http://hanoioperahouse.org.vn/chuong-trinh/ |date=2022-02-26 }} *[https://vietnamdiscovery.com/hanoi/activities/hanoi-opera-house/ Hanoi Opera House – A Witness of Vietnamese History]

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Category:Historic sites in Hanoi Category:Culture of Hanoi Category:Opera houses in Vietnam Category:Buildings and structures in Hanoi Category:French colonial architecture in Vietnam Category:Tourist attractions in Hanoi Category:Theatres completed in 1901 Category:Event venues established in 1901