| Honorific prefix | Viscount |
|---|---|
| Office | President of the Privy Council |
| Monarch | Taishō |
| Vice president | Ichiki Kitokurō Hozumi Nobushige |
| Term start | 13 January 1924 |
| Term end | 25 September 1925 |
| Predecessor | Kiyoura Keigo |
| Successor | Hozumi Nobushige |
| Office 1 | Vice President of the Privy Council |
| Monarch 1 | Taishō |
| President 1 | Kiyoura Keigo |
| Term start 1 | 15 February 1922 |
| Term end 1 | 13 January 1924 |
| Predecessor 1 | Kiyoura Keigo |
| Successor 1 | Ichiki Kitokurō |
| Office 2 | Minister of Education |
| Prime minister 2 | Matsukata Masayoshi |
| Term start 2 | 6 November 1897 |
| Term end 2 | 12 January 1898 |
| Predecessor 2 | Hachisuka Mochiaki |
| Successor 2 | Saionji Kinmochi |
| Office 3 | Member of the Privy Council |
| Monarch 3 | Meiji Taishō |
| Term start 3 | 14 August 1911 |
| Term end 3 | 15 February 1922 |
| Office 4 | Member of the House of Peers |
| Term start 4 | 29 September 1890 |
| Term end 4 | 22 August 1911 |
| Office 5 | Member of the Genrōin |
| Term start 5 | 29 December 1889 |
| Term end 5 | 20 October 1890 |
| Birth date | 12 May 1849 |
| Birth place | Toyooka, Tajima, Japan |
| Death date | 25 September 1925 (aged 76) |
| Death place | Tokyo, Japan |
| Alma mater | Keio University |
Viscount Hamao Arata (濱尾 新, 12 May 1849 – 25 September 1925) was a Japanese official and educator from the Meiji and Taishō periods, who served as President of the Privy Council from 1924 to 1925. He was a significant figure in the early development of the University of Tokyo.
Hamao hailed from Toyooka, Hyōgo. He was an official in the Ministry of Education and an academic administrator, serving twice as the president of Tokyo Imperial University and once as Minister of Education. He later served as a courtier, supervising the household and education of the future Emperor Hirohito.
Biography
Hamao Arata was born on 12 May 1849 to a samurai family of the Toyooka Domain in Tajima Province. After the Meiji Restoration, he studied at the Keio Gijuku. He entered the Ministry of Education in 1872, before being sent to study in the United States for a year. After returning to Japan he served as a school principal.[1]
The University of Tokyo, then simply the Imperial University, was founded in 1877, and Hamao became an assistant professor, becoming the right-hand man to its first president Katō Hiroyuki, his countryman from Tajima Province. Hamao later became chief of the Specialised Education Bureau in the Ministry of Education.[1]
In March 1893, Hamao was appointed president of the Imperial University on Katō's recommendation. During his tenure the university changed its name to Tokyo Imperial University due to the foundation of Kyoto Imperial University in 1897. In November of the same year Hamao was appointed Minister of Education in the Second Matsukata Cabinet, serving until the cabinet resigned in January 1898. He was reappointed president of Tokyo Imperial University in 1905. He was ennobled as a baron on 23 September 1907 and appointed to the privy council in 1911. In 1912, he stepped down as university president.[1][2]
In 1914, he was appointed Grand Master of Crown Prince's Household (東宮大夫, Togu no Daibu). As such he supervised the education of the young Crown Prince Hirohito, concurrently serving as vice president of the palace school established especially for his education, with the revered Admiral Tōgō Heihachirō as president.[3] Hamao opposed the plan to have the Crown Prince undertake a European tour. Hamao was removed from his position in November 1921. At the same time he was elevated to viscount in the nobility.
Hamao became vice president of the Privy Council in 1922 and was promoted to president two years later. Hamao exercised the functions of Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan after the resignation of Hirata Tosuke, before Makino Nobuaki was appointed on the same day. He died on 25 September 1925
Family
- Viscount Shirō Hamao (1896–1935) - A novelist and lawyer. Born Shirō Katō, the grandson of Arata's benefactor Hiroyuki Katō, he later became an adopted son of Arata, and succeeded to the viscountcy.[4]
- Minoru Hamao (1925–2006) - The second son of Shirō, and an instructor and the Chamberlain of Crown Prince Akihito (later the 125th Emperor of Japan).
- Stephen Fumio Hamao (1930–2007) - The third son of Shirō, and a Catholic cardinal.
References
- ^ "浜尾 新【はまおあらた】 - 但馬の百科事典". 但馬の百科事典. Retrieved 2025-05-11.
- ^ Société de langue française (Japon) (1893). Revue française du Japon (in French). Kōjimachi-ku, Tokyo. p. 159.
- ^ Mohri, Hideo (2019). Imperial Biologists: The Imperial Family of Japan and Their Contributions to Biological Research. Springer. p. 6. ISBN 978-981-136755-7.
- ^ 日本人名大辞典+プラス:浜尾四郎 (Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese People Plus: Shirō Hamao) (in Japanese). Retrieved on 2012-3-14.