Haemulinae

{{Short description|Subfamily of fishes}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range|Middle Eocene|present}} | image = Xenocys jessiae.jpg | image_caption = ''[[Xenocys jessiae]]'', [[Coiba National Park]], [[Panama]] | taxon = Haemulinae | authority = [[Theodore Gill|Gill]], 1885<ref name = VDLEF>{{cite journal | author1 = Richard van der Laan | author2 = William N. Eschmeyer | author3 = Ronald Fricke | name-list-style = amp |year=2014 | title = Family-group names of Recent fishes | url = https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3882.1.1/10480 | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 3882 | issue =2 | pages = 001–230}}</ref> | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = See text }}

'''Haemulinae''' is a subfamily of the [[Haemulidae]] and consists of the genera of that family which are regarded as being of New World origin, although they are now widespread.<ref name = BMC>{{cite journal | author1 = José Julián Tavera | author2 = P. Arturo Acero | author3 = Eduardo F Balart | author4 = Giacomo Bernardi | year = 2012 | title = Molecular phylogeny of grunts (Teleostei, Haemulidae), with an emphasis on the ecology, evolution, and speciation history of New World species | doi = 10.1186/1471-2148-12-57 | journal = BMC Evolutionary Biology | volume =12 | issue = 57| page = 57 | pmc = 3472276 | pmid = 22537107 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The subfamily is distinguished from the [[Plectorhynchinae]] by having a short [[dorsal fin]] which contains 13-16 soft rays, as opposed to the long dorsal fin with 17-26 soft rays of the subfamily [[Plectorhynchinae]].<ref name = Nelson5>{{cite book |title=Fishes of the World |edition=5th |author1=J. S. Nelson |author2=T. C. Grande |author3=M. V. H. Wilson |year=2016 |pages=457 |publisher=Wiley |isbn=978-1-118-34233-6 |url=https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |access-date=2021-03-19 |archive-date=2019-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190408194051/https://sites.google.com/site/fotw5th/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Genera== The following genera are included in the Haemulinae by ''[[Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes]]'':<ref name="CofF">{{Cof family|family=Haemulinae|access-date=9 September 2025}}</ref>

* ''[[Anisotremus]]'' Gill 1861 * ''[[Boridia]]'' [[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]], 1830 * ''[[Brachydeuterus]]'' Gill, 1862 * ''[[Brachygenys]]'' [[Felipe Poey|Poey]], 1868 * ''[[Conodon]]'' Cuvier, 1830 * ''[[Emmelichthyops]]'' [[Leonard Peter Schultz|Schultz]], 1945 * ''[[Haemulon]]'' Cuvier, 1829 * ''[[Haemulopsis]]'' [[Franz Steindachner|Steindachner]], 1869 * ''[[Isacia]]'' [[David Starr Jordan|Jordan]] & [[Bert Fesler|Fesler]], 1893 * ''[[Microlepidotus]]'' Gill, 1862 * ''[[Orthopristis]]'' [[Charles Frédéric Girard|Girard]], 1858 * ''[[Parakuhlia]]'' [[Jacques Pellegrin|Pellegrin]], 1913 * ''[[Paranisotremus]]'' [[Jose Tavera|Tavera]], [[Arturo Acero P.|Acero]] & [[Peter C. Wainwright|Wainwright]], 2018 * ''[[Pomadasys]]'' [[Bernard Germain de Lacépède|Lacépède]], 1802 * ''[[Rhencus]]'' Jordan & [[Barton Warren Evermann|Evermann]], 1896 * ''[[Rhonciscus]]'' Jordan & Evermann, 1896 * ''[[Xenichthys]]'' Gill, 1862

The genus ''[[Brachygenys]]'' is recognised by some authorities as ''Haemulon'' was determined to be [[paraphyletic]] in molecular studies which showed ''[[Haemulon chrysargyreum]]'' clustered with ''[[Xenistius californianus]]''. The genus also includes the other species in the former genera ''[[Xenistius]]'' and ''[[Xenocys]]''.<ref name = BMC/> Similarly, these studies also resolved ''Pomadasys'' as paraphyletic and the genera ''[[Rhencus]]'' and ''[[Rhonciscus]]'' were revived to solve this paraphyly, with the eastern Pacific species ''P. macracanthus'' and ''P. panamensis'' being placed in ''Rhencus'' while ''Rhonciscus'' contains the eastern Pacific species ''P. bayanus'' and the western Atlantic species ''P. crocro''.<ref name = Parenti>{{cite journal | author = Paolo Parenti | year = 2019 | title = An annotated checklist of the fishes of the family Haemulidae (Teleostei: Perciformes) | url = https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332223321 | journal = Iranian Journal of Ichthyology | volume = 6 | issue = 3 | pages = 150–196}}</ref> These changes are recognised by ''[[Catalog of Fishes]]''<ref name = CofF/> but not yet by [[Fishbase]].<ref name = Fishbase>{{FishBase family | family = Haemulidae | month = December | year = 2021}}</ref> In addition, according to these studies, ''[[Anisotremus moricandi]]'' makes ''[[Anisotremus]]'' paraphyletic if included and has been placed in the [[monotypic]] genus ''[[Paranisotremus]]''.<ref name = Tavera2018>{{cite journal | author1 = Jose Tavera| author2 = Arturo Acero P. | author3 = Peter C. Wainwright | year = 2018 | title = Multilocus phylogeny, divergence times, and a major role for the benthic-to- pelagic axis in the diversification of grunts (Haemulidae) | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 121 | pages = 212–223 | doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.032| doi-access = free | pmid = 29307507 }}</ref>

Other authorities place the genus ''[[Genyatremus]]'' within the Haemulinae,<ref name="Parenti" /> although both Fishbase and ''Catalog of Fishes'' put this genus in the other Haemulid subfamily Plectorhinchinae.<ref name="Fishbase" /><ref name="CofF" />

''[[Pomadasys]]'' fossils are known from the [[Middle Eocene]] of Egypt.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=White |first=Errol Ivor |date=1936-07-01 |title=V.—On certain Eocene percoid fishes |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933608655173 |journal=Annals and Magazine of Natural History |volume=18 |issue=103 |pages=43–54 |doi=10.1080/00222933608655173 |issn=0374-5481|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

==References== {{Reflist}}

[[Category:Haemulidae]]