{{Short description|Star in the constellation Puppis}} {{Starbox begin |name= HD 61005}} {{Starbox image | image = 250px | caption= The circumstellar disk of HD 61005 }} {{Starbox observe | constell = Puppis | epoch = J2000 | ra = {{RA|07|35|47.46236}}<ref name = GaiaDR3/> | dec = {{DEC|-32|12|14.0451}}<ref name = GaiaDR3/> | appmag_v = 8.22{{±|0.01}}<ref name = Tycho2000/> }} {{Starbox character | class = G8 Vk<ref name = Gray2006/> | b-v = +0.73<ref name = Kotoneva2002/> | r-i = +0.38<ref name = Kotoneva2002/> }} {{Starbox astrometry | radial_v = 22.64{{±|0.04}}<ref name = Desidera2015/> | prop_mo_ra = −55.050<ref name = GaiaDR3/> | prop_mo_dec = +74.319<ref name = GaiaDR3/> | parallax = 27.4344 | p_error = 0.0155 | parallax_footnote = <ref name = GaiaDR3/> | absmag_v = +5.49<ref name = Anderson2012/> }} {{Starbox detail | mass = 0.96{{±|0.01}}<ref name = "Gomes da Silva2021"/> | radius = 0.81<ref name = Rhee2007/> | luminosity = 0.61<ref name = Ballering2017/> | gravity = 4.54{{±|0.07}} | temperature = 5,598<ref name = Ballering2017/> | metal_fe = +0.01{{±|0.04}}<ref name = "De Silva2013"/> | rotational_velocity = 8.2<ref name = Schroder2008/> | age_myr = 100 +/- 50 <ref name = Desidera2011/> }} {{Starbox catalog | names = {{odlist|HD = 61005|CD = −31°4778|CPD = −31°1685|HIP = 36948|SAO = 198166|TYC = 7109-2638-1}}<ref name = SIMBAD/> }} {{Starbox reference | Simbad = HD+61005 }} {{Starbox end}}
'''HD 61005''', also known as '''HIP 36948''' and '''The Moth''', is a young star located in the southern constellation Puppis, the poop deck. It has an apparent magnitude of 8.22,<ref name = Tycho2000/> making it readily visible in binoculars, but not to the naked eye. The object is located relatively close at a distance of 119 light years (36.4 pc) based on Gaia DR3 parallax measurements<ref name = GaiaDR3/> but is receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of {{val|22.6|ul=km/s}}.<ref name = Desidera2015/>
==Characteristics== HD 61005 has a stellar classification of G8 Vk,<ref name = Gray2006/> indicating that it is a yellow dwarf with strong interstellar absorption features in its spectrum. However, it is younger than the Sun at an age of 100 +/- 50 million years, meaning that it is just settling onto the normal hydrogen-burning part of the stellar main sequence. The star retains a detectable debris disk - a disk of dust created from collisions of planetesimals in a belt analogous to the Solar System's Kuiper belt. HD 61005 is located at the edge of the Local Bubble, a region with a low concentration of interstellar dust and hot gas surrounding the Sun. It is suspected to be a member of the Argus association.<ref name = Desidera2011/>
It has 96% the mass of the Sun<ref name = "Gomes da Silva2021"/> and 81% of its solar radius.<ref name = Rhee2007/> It radiates 61% of the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of {{val|5598|ul=K|fmt=commas}},<ref name = Ballering2017/> giving it a yellow hue. HD 61005 has a solar metallicity<ref name = "De Silva2013"/> — meaning it closely matches the Sun’s abundances of the chemical elements heavier than helium; it spins modestly with a projected rotational velocity of {{val|8.2|ul=km/s}}.<ref name = Schroder2008/>
==Debris disk==
In 2007, astronomer Dean C. Hines and colleagues announced the discovery of a debris disk around HD 61005.<ref name = Hines2007/> The disk has an unusual shape, which in 2009 was shown separately by astronomers John H. Debes and Holly L. Maness is likely due to the headwind created as the system flies at 20–30 km/sec through a dense region of the interstellar medium (ISM).<ref name = Debes2009/><ref name = Maness2009/> The outer disc morphology, consisting of fine (~1 um dust grains), resembles the wings of a Moth, inspiring the system's informal name. The researchers also suggested that the passage through dense galactic areas can affect the atmosphere of planets that form, although their data analysis did not find evidence for any planets in the system.
In 2018, astronomer Meredith A. MacGregor used the ALMA observatory to image the large particles in the system’s debris disk, showing that the heavy dust is confined to an ecliptic plane that overlaps the heart of the Moth and extends out to the roots of its wings.<ref name = MacGregor2018/> This ecliptic plane is seen almost perfectly edge-on from the Earth, which may allow us to see the Moth’s wings extending in the opposite direction from the instreaming ISM.
In 2021, a group of astronomers led by Carey M. Lisse of the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory observed the system with the high spatial resolution spectrophotometric ACIS-S camera onboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory . They were motivated to look for evidence of the same charge exchange x-ray emission that occurs between instreaming neutral ISM material and the solar wind (SW) in our heliosphere by the 2007 – 2009 reports of the strong interaction between a local instreaming dense ISM and the HD 61005 system. Since young stars spin much faster and produce much stronger (~70x stronger than the Sun’s) and hotter (~7 times hotter than the Sun’s) stellar winds, they surmised that the collision of the much denser outflowing stellar wind with the much denser (~1000 times the wind experienced by the solar system) inflowing ISM wind would make up for the 36.4 pc distance to the star system. In 2025 they announced that they had imaged a stellar-wind bubble of x-ray emitting material surrounding the system which produced the characteristic x-ray spectral signature of charge exchange seen in our own solar system, the first time this has ever been done from the outside for a G-star like the Sun.<ref name = Lisse2025/>
== Gallery == <gallery> File:Star HD 61005.jpg|Annoted Hubble Space Telescope photo of HD 61005 File:HD 61005 JWST NIRCam coronagraph.jpg|JWST NIRCam image of the disk </gallery>
==References== {{reflist||refs=
<ref name = GaiaDR3>{{Cite DR3|5592237639209047424}}</ref>
<ref name = Debes2009>{{cite journal | last1 = Debes | first1 = J. | title = Interstellar Medium Sculpting of the HD 32297 Debris Disk | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = September 2009 | volume = 702 | issue = 1 | pages = 318–326 | issn = 0000-0000 | eissn = 0000-0000 | doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/702/1/318 | bibcode = 2009ApJ...702..318D | arxiv = 0908.4368 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = Maness2009>{{cite journal | last1 = Maness | first1 = H. | title = Hubble Space Telescope Optical Imaging of the Eroding Debris Disk HD 61005 | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = December 2009 | volume = 707 | issue = 1 | pages = 1098–1114 | issn = 0000-0000 | eissn = 0000-0000 | doi = 10.1088/0004-637X/707/2/1098 | bibcode = 2009ApJ...707.1098M | arxiv = 0910.5223 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = MacGregor2018>{{cite journal | last1 = MacGregor | first1 = M. | title = ALMA Detection of Extended Millimeter Halos in the HD 32297 and HD 61005 Debris Disks | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = December 2018 | volume = 869 | issue = 1 | pages = 75 | issn = 0000-0000 | eissn = 0000-0000 | doi = 10.3847/1538-4357/aaec71 | bibcode = 2018ApJ...869...75M | arxiv = 1812.05610 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = Gray2006>{{cite journal | last1 = Gray | first1 = R. O. | last2 = Corbally | first2 = C. J. | last3 = Garrison | first3 = R. F. | last4 = McFadden | first4 = M. T. | last5 = Bubar | first5 = E. J. | last6 = McGahee | first6 = C. E. | last7 = O'Donoghue | first7 = A. A. | last8 = Knox | first8 = E. R. | title = Contributions to the Nearby Stars (NStars) Project: Spectroscopy of Stars Earlier than M0 within 40 pc--The Southern Sample | journal = The Astronomical Journal | date = 2 June 2006 | volume = 132 | issue = 1 | pages = 161–170 | issn = 0004-6256 | eissn = 1538-3881 | doi = 10.1086/504637 | bibcode = 2006AJ....132..161G | arxiv = astro-ph/0603770 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
<ref name = Kotoneva2002>{{cite journal | last1 = Kotoneva | first1 = E. | last2 = Flynn | first2 = C. | last3 = Chiappini | first3 = C. | last4 = Matteucci | first4 = F. | title = K dwarfs and the chemical evolution of the solar cylinder | journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | date = 1 November 2002 | volume = 336 | issue = 3 | pages = 879–891 | issn = 0035-8711 | eissn = 1365-2966 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05825.x | bibcode = 2002MNRAS.336..879K | arxiv = astro-ph/0206446 | doi-access = free}}</ref> <ref name = Desidera2015>{{cite journal | last1 = Desidera | first1 = S. | last2 = Covino | first2 = E. | last3 = Messina | first3 = S. | last4 = Carson | first4 = J. | last5 = Hagelberg | first5 = J. | last6 = Schlieder | first6 = J. E. | last7 = Biazzo | first7 = K. | last8 = Alcalá | first8 = J. M. | last9 = Chauvin | first9 = G. | last10 = Vigan | first10 = A. | last11 = Beuzit | first11 = J. L. | last12 = Bonavita | first12 = M. | last13 = Bonnefoy | first13 = M. | last14 = Delorme | first14 = P. | last15 = D’Orazi | first15 = V. | last16 = Esposito | first16 = M. | last17 = Feldt | first17 = M. | last18 = Girardi | first18 = L. | last19 = Gratton | first19 = R. | last20 = Henning | first20 = T. | last21 = Lagrange | first21 = A. M. | last22 = Lanzafame | first22 = A. C. | last23 = Launhardt | first23 = R. | last24 = Marmier | first24 = M. | last25 = Melo | first25 = C. | last26 = Meyer | first26 = M. | last27 = Mouillet | first27 = D. | last28 = Moutou | first28 = C. | last29 = Segransan | first29 = D. | last30 = Udry | first30 = S. | last31 = Zaidi | first31 = C. M. | title = The VLT/NaCo large program to probe the occurrence of exoplanets and brown dwarfs in wide orbits | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | date = January 2015 | volume = 573 | page = A126 | issn = 0004-6361 | eissn = 1432-0746 | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201323168 | bibcode = 2015A&A...573A.126D | arxiv = 1405.1559 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = SIMBAD>{{cite simbad|title=HD 61005|access-date=28 December 2016}}</ref>
<ref name = Tycho2000>{{cite journal | last1 = Høg | first1 = E. | last2 = Fabricius | first2 = C. | last3 = Makarov | first3 = V. V. | last4 = Urban | first4 = S. | last5 = Corbin | first5 = T. | last6 = Wycoff | first6 = G. | last7 = Bastian | first7 = U. | last8 = Schwekendiek | first8 = P. | last9 = Wicenec | first9 = A. | title = The Tycho-2 catalogue of the 2.5 million brightest stars |journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | date = March 2000 | volume = 355 | pages = L27–L30 | bibcode = 2000A&A...355L..27H | issn = 0004-6361}}</ref>
<ref name = Anderson2012>{{cite journal | last1 = Anderson | first1 = E. | last2 = Francis | first2 = Ch. | title = XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation | journal = Astronomy Letters | date = May 2012 | volume = 38 | issue = 5 | pages = 331–346 | issn = 1063-7737 | eissn = 1562-6873 | doi = 10.1134/S1063773712050015 | bibcode = 2012AstL...38..331A | arxiv = 1108.4971| s2cid = 119257644 }}</ref>
<ref name = Rhee2007>{{cite journal | last1 = Rhee | first1 = Joseph H. | last2 = Song | first2 = Inseok | last3 = Zuckerman | first3 = B. | last4 = McElwain | first4 = Michael | title = Characterization of Dusty Debris Disks: The ''IRAS'' and ''Hipparcos'' Catalogs | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = 10 May 2007 | volume = 660 | issue = 2 | pages = 1556–1571 | issn = 0004-637X | eissn = 1538-4357 | doi = 10.1086/509912 | bibcode = 2007ApJ...660.1556R | arxiv = astro-ph/0609555 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = Schroder2008>{{cite journal | last1 = Schröder | first1 = C. | last2 = Reiners | first2 = A. | last3 = Schmitt | first3 = J. H. M. M. | title = Ca II HK emission in rapidly rotating stars | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | date = 11 September 2008 | volume = 493 | issue = 3 | pages = 1099–1107 | issn = 0004-6361 | eissn = 1432-0746 | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361:200810377 | bibcode = 2009A&A...493.1099S | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = "Gomes da Silva2021">{{cite journal | last1 = Gomes da Silva | first1 = J. | last2 = Santos | first2 = N. C. | last3 = Adibekyan | first3 = V. | last4 = Sousa | first4 = S. G. | last5 = Campante | first5 = T. L. | last6 = Figueira | first6 = P. | last7 = Bossini | first7 = D. | last8 = Delgado-Mena | first8 = E. | last9 = Monteiro | first9 = M. J. P. F. G. | last10 = de Laverny | first10 = P. | last11 = Recio-Blanco | first11 = A. | last12 = Lovis | first12 = C. | title = Stellar chromospheric activity of 1674 FGK stars from the AMBRE-HARPS sample | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | date = February 2021 | volume = 646 | page = A77 | issn = 0004-6361 | eissn = 1432-0746 | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/202039765 | bibcode = 2021A&A...646A..77G | arxiv = 2012.10199 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
<ref name = "De Silva2013">{{cite journal | last1 = De Silva | first1 = G. M. | last2 = D’Orazi | first2 = V. | last3 = Melo | first3 = C. | last4 = Torres | first4 = C. A. O. | last5 = Gieles | first5 = M. | last6 = Quast | first6 = G. R. | last7 = Sterzik | first7 = M. | title = Search for associations containing young stars: chemical tagging IC 2391 and the Argus association★ | journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | date = 13 March 2013 | volume = 431 | issue = 2 | pages = 1005–1018 | issn = 0035-8711 | eissn = 1365-2966 | doi = 10.1093/mnras/stt153 | bibcode = 2013MNRAS.431.1005D | arxiv = 1301.5967 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = Ballering2017>{{cite journal | last1 = Ballering | first1 = Nicholas P. | last2 = Rieke | first2 = George H. | last3 = Su | first3 = Kate Y. L. | last4 = Gáspár | first4 = András | title = What Sets the Radial Locations of Warm Debris Disks? | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = 18 August 2017 | volume = 845 | issue = 2 | page = 120 | eissn = 1538-4357 | doi = 10.3847/1538-4357/aa8037 | bibcode = 2017ApJ...845..120B | arxiv = 1708.07151 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = Hines2007>{{cite journal | last1 = Hines | first1 = Dean C. | last2 = Schneider | first2 = Glenn | last3 = Hollenbach | first3 = David | last4 = Mamajek | first4 = Eric E. | last5 = Hillenbrand | first5 = Lynne A. | last6 = Metchev | first6 = Stanimir A. | last7 = Meyer | first7 = Michael R. | last8 = Carpenter | first8 = John M. | last9 = Moro-Martín | first9 = Amaya | last10 = Silverstone | first10 = Murray D. | last11 = Kim | first11 = Jinyoung Serena | last12 = Henning | first12 = Thomas | last13 = Bouwman | first13 = Jeroen | last14 = Wolf | first14 = Sebastian | title = The Moth: An Unusual Circumstellar Structure Associated with HD 61005 | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = 21 November 2007 | volume = 671 | issue = 2 | pages = L165–L168 | issn = 0004-637X | eissn = 1538-4357 | doi = 10.1086/525016 | bibcode = 2007ApJ...671L.165H | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = Desidera2011>{{cite journal | last1 = Desidera | first1 = S. | last2 = Covino | first2 = E. | last3 = Messina | first3 = S. | last4 = D’Orazi | first4 = V. | last5 = Alcalá | first5 = J. M. | last6 = Brugaletta | first6 = E. | last7 = Carson | first7 = J. | last8 = Lanzafame | first8 = A. C. | last9 = Launhardt | first9 = R. | title = The debris disk host star HD 61005: a member of the Argus association? | journal = Astronomy & Astrophysics | date = 31 March 2011 | volume = 529 | page = A54 | issn = 0004-6361 | eissn = 1432-0746 | doi = 10.1051/0004-6361/201016267 | bibcode = 2011A&A...529A..54D | arxiv = 1102.3333 | doi-access = free}}</ref>
<ref name = Lisse2025>{{cite journal | last1 = Lisse | first1 = C. | last2 = Wolk | first2 = S. | last3 = Snios | first3 = B. | last4 = McNutt | first4 = R. | title = First Resolution of a Main Sequence G-Star's Astrosphere Using Chandra | journal = The Astrophysical Journal | date = 11 December 2025 |bibcode = 2025arXiv251209613L | arxiv = 2512.09613}}</ref>
}} {{Stars of Puppis}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:HD 61005}} Category:G-type main-sequence stars Category:Puppis 061005 36948 BD+31 4778 Category:Circumstellar disks Category:Population I stars