{{Short description|Star in the constellation of Taurus}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}} {{Starbox begin}} {{Starbox observe | epoch = J2000.0 | constell = Taurus<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> | ra = {{RA|05|37|02.4866}}<ref name="Gaia DR3"/> | dec = {{DEC|+20|43|50.833}}<ref name="Gaia DR3"/> | appmag_v = 7.68<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> }} {{Starbox character | type = main sequence<ref name="Gaia DR3"/> | class = G4IV-V<ref name=sm2020/> | r-i = <!--R-I color--> | v-r = <!--V-R color--> | b-v = {{val|0.667|0.008}}<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> | u-b = <!--U-B color--> | variable = <!--Variability type--> }} {{Starbox astrometry | radial_v = {{val|−23.02|0.09}}<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> | prop_mo_ra = {{val|−79.554|0.026}}<ref name="Gaia DR3"/> | prop_mo_dec = {{val|−420.042|0.016}}<ref name="Gaia DR3"/> | parallax = 31.6093 | p_error = 0.0242 | parallax_footnote = <ref name="Gaia DR3"/> | absmag_v = 5.05<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> }} {{Starbox detail | source = <ref name="Bonfanti2015"/> | mass = {{val|0.81|0.01}} | radius = {{val|0.92|0.02}} | luminosity = {{val|0.839|0.003}}<ref name="Bonfanti2015"/> | gravity = {{val|4.41|0.01}} | temperature = {{val|5763|22|fmt=commas}} | metal_fe = {{val|−0.38|0.01}}<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> | rotation = | rotational_velocity = 3.6<ref name=Earle2017/> | age_gyr = {{val|11.8|1.2}}<ref name="Bonfanti2015"/> }} {{Starbox catalog | names = {{odlist | HD=37124 | BD=+20°1018 | GJ=209 | HIP=26381 | G=100-27 | SAO=77323 }}<ref name="SIMBAD"/> }} {{Starbox reference | Simbad = HD+37124 | NSTED = HD-37124 }} {{Starbox end}}
'''HD 37124''' is a star in the equatorial constellation of Taurus (the Bull), positioned about a half degree to the SSW of the bright star Zeta Tauri.<ref name=Sinnott_Perryman_1997/> The apparent visual magnitude of this star is 7.68,<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> which is too dim to be visible to the naked eye. It is located at a distance of 103 light years from the Sun based on parallax, but is drifting closer with a radial velocity of −23 km/s.<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012/> Three extrasolar planets have been found to orbit the star.
The stellar classification of HD 37124 is G4IV-V, showing a spectrum with blended traits of a main sequence star and a more evolved subgiant star. It is a quiet star with a low activity index.<ref name="Goździewski_et_al_2006"/> This star is smaller than the Sun, with 81–92% of the mass of the Sun and around 92% of the Sun's radius. It is an older, thick disk<ref name=Gonzalez2009/> star with an age of around 11 billion years, and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 3.6 km/s.<ref name=Earle2017/> The metallicity of the star, what astronomers term the abundance of heavier elements, is much lower than in the Sun with an iron abundance of 35–41%. It is radiating 77–84% of the Sun's luminosity from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,763 K.
==Planetary system== As of 2011, three extrasolar planets have been found to orbit the star. The first planet, HD 37124 b, was detected by the Keck observatory through the radial velocity method; its discovery was announced on 1 November 1999.<ref name="Keck"/><ref name="Vogt2000"/> HD 37124 b was discovered orbiting its parent star around the inner edge of the habitable zone, causing the planet to have a somewhat similar insolation to that of Venus. A second planet became apparent by 2003, thought to orbit in a 1940 days on an eccentric orbit,<ref name="Butler2003"/> but this was subsequently found to be unstable.<ref name="Goźdiewski2003"/> Solving this, a three-planet solution was announced in 2005:<ref name="Vogt2005"/> this contained a second planet (HD 37124 c) orbiting at the outer edge of the habitable zone with an insolation similar to that of Mars, and a third planet, (HD 37124 d). While not obviously in any orbital resonances in 2005, an updated solution announced in 2011 found planets c and d to likely be in a 2:1 resonance.<ref name="Wright2011"/>
{{OrbitboxPlanet begin | table_ref = <ref name="Wright2011"/> }} {{OrbitboxPlanet | exoplanet = b | mass = {{val|0.675|0.017|p=≥}} | semimajor = {{val|0.53364|0.00020}} | period = {{val|154.378|0.089}} | eccentricity = {{val|0.054|0.028}} }} {{OrbitboxPlanet | exoplanet = c | mass = {{val|0.652|0.052|p=≥}} | semimajor = {{val|1.7100|0.0065}} | period = {{val|885.5|5.1}} | eccentricity = {{val|0.125|0.055}} }} {{OrbitboxPlanet | exoplanet = d | mass = {{val|0.69|0.059|p=≥}} | semimajor = {{val|2.807|0.038}} | period = {{val|1862|38|fmt=commas}} | eccentricity = {{val|0.16|0.14}} }} {{Orbitbox end}}
==See also== * Upsilon Andromedae * HIP 14810
==References== {{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=sm2020>{{cite journal |bibcode=2020ApJ...898...27S |title=BAFFLES: Bayesian Ages for Field Lower-mass Stars |last1=Stanford-Moore |first1=S. Adam |last2=Nielsen |first2=Eric L. |last3=De Rosa |first3=Robert J. |last4=MacIntosh |first4=Bruce |last5=Czekala |first5=Ian |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |date=2020 |volume=898 |issue=1 |page=27 |doi=10.3847/1538-4357/ab9a35 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2006.04811 }}</ref>
<ref name=Sinnott_Perryman_1997>{{cite book | first1=Roger W. | last1=Sinnott | first2=Michael A. C. | last2=Perryman | title=Millennium Star Atlas | page=182 | volume=1 | year=1997 | isbn=0-933346-84-0 | publisher=Sky Publishing Corporation and the European Space Agency }}</ref>
<ref name=Gonzalez2009>{{cite journal | title=Stars with planets and the thick disc | last=Gonzalez | first=Guillermo | journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters | volume=399 | issue=1 | pages=L103–L107 | date=October 2009 | bibcode=2009MNRAS.399L.103G | doi=10.1111/j.1745-3933.2009.00734.x | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name="Goździewski_et_al_2006">{{cite journal | title=Orbital Configurations and Dynamical Stability of Multiplanet Systems around Sun-like Stars HD 202206, 14 Herculis, HD 37124, and HD 108874 | display-authors=1 | last1=Goździewski | first1=Krzysztof | last2=Konacki | first2=Maciej | last3=Maciejewski | first3=Andrzej J. | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=645 | issue=1 | pages=688–703 | date=July 2006 | arxiv=astro-ph/0511463 | bibcode=2006ApJ...645..688G | doi=10.1086/504030 | s2cid=15012577 }}</ref>
<ref name=Earle2017>{{cite journal | title=Abundances in the Local Region II: F, G, and K Dwarfs and Subgiants | last1=Luck | first1=R. Earle | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=153 | issue=1 | id=21 | pages=19 | date=January 2017 | bibcode=2017AJ....153...21L | arxiv=1611.02897 | doi=10.3847/1538-3881/153/1/21 | s2cid=119511744 | doi-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=Anderson_Francis_2012>{{cite XHIP|26381}}</ref>
<ref name="Bonfanti2015">{{cite journal | title=Revising the ages of planet-hosting stars | last1=Bonfanti | first1=A. | last2=Ortolani | first2=S. | last3=Piotto | first3=G. | last4=Nascimbeni | first4=V. | display-authors=1 | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=575 | at=A18 | year=2015 | arxiv=1411.4302 | bibcode=2015A&A...575A..18B | doi=10.1051/0004-6361/201424951 | s2cid=54555839 }}</ref>
<ref name="Butler2003">{{cite journal | title=Seven New Keck Planets Orbiting G and K Dwarfs | last1=Butler | first1=R. Paul | last2=Marcy | first2=Geoffrey W. | last3=Vogt | first3=Steven S. | last4=Fischer | first4=Debra A. | last5=Henry | first5=Gregory W. | last6=Laughlin | first6=Gregory | last7=Wright | first7=Jason T. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=582 | issue=1 | pages=455–466 | year=2003 | bibcode=2003ApJ...582..455B | doi=10.1086/344570 | citeseerx=10.1.1.7.6988 | s2cid=17608922 }}</ref>
<ref name="Gaia DR3">{{Cite Gaia DR3|3402798414192387328}}</ref>
<ref name="Goźdiewski2003">{{cite journal | title=A dynamical analysis of the HD 37124 planetary system | last=Goźdiewski | first=K. | journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics | volume=398 | issue=1 | pages=315–325 | year=2003 | doi=10.1051/0004-6361:20021602 | doi-access=free | bibcode=2003A&A...398..315G }}</ref>
<ref name="Keck">{{cite press release | title=Astronomers discover six new planets orbiting nearby stars | date=November 1, 1999 | publisher=W. M. Keck Observatory | location=Kamuela, Hawaii | access-date=December 19, 2017 | url=http://www.keckobservatory.org/astronomers_discover_six_new_planets_orbiting_nearby_stars/ | archive-date=December 2, 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181202013046/http://keckobservatory.org/astronomers_discover_six_new_planets_orbiting_nearby_stars/ | url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name="SIMBAD">{{cite simbad | title=HD 37124 | access-date=2014-10-26}}</ref>
<ref name="Vogt2000">{{cite journal | title=Six New Planets from the Keck Precision Velocity Survey | last1=Vogt | first1=Steven S. | last2=Marcy | first2=Geoffrey W. | last3=Butler | first3=R. Paul | last4=Apps | first4=Kevin | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=536 | issue=2 | pages=902–914 | year=2000 | arxiv=astro-ph/9911506 | bibcode=2000ApJ...536..902V | doi=10.1086/308981 | s2cid=119375519 }}</ref>
<ref name="Vogt2005">{{cite journal | title=Five New Multicomponent Planetary Systems | last1=Vogt | first1=Steven S. | last2=Butler | first2=R. Paul | last3=Marcy | first3=Geoffrey W. | last4=Fischer | first4=Debra A. | last5=Henry | first5=Gregory W. | last6=Laughlin | first6=Greg | last7=Wright | first7=Jason T. | last8=Johnson | first8=John A. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=632 | issue=1 | pages=638–658 | year=2005 | bibcode=2005ApJ...632..638V | doi=10.1086/432901 | s2cid=16509245 | access-date=2020-12-11 | url=https://authors.library.caltech.edu/36250/1/0004-637X_632_1_638.pdf }}</ref>
<ref name="Wright2011">{{cite journal | title=The California Planet Survey. III. A Possible 2:1 Resonance in the Exoplanetary Triple System HD 37124 | last1=Wright | first1=J. T. | last2=Veras | first2=Dimitri | last3=Ford | first3=Eric B. | last4=Johnson | first4=John Asher | last5=Marcy | first5=G. W. | last6=Howard | first6=A. W. | last7=Isaacson | first7=H. | last8=Fischer | first8=D. A. | last9=Spronck | first9=J. | last10=Anderson | first10=J. | display-authors=1 | journal=The Astrophysical Journal | volume=730 | issue=2 | pages=61–145 | year=2011 | arxiv=1101.1097 | bibcode=2011ApJ...730...93W | doi=10.1088/0004-637X/730/2/93 | s2cid=119273897 }}</ref>
}}
==External links== * {{cite journal |title=The Librating Companions in HD 37124, HD 12661, HD 82943, 47 Uma and GJ 876: Alignment or Antialignment? |date=2003-05-23 |author=Jianghui Ji |display-authors=etal |doi=10.1086/377038 |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=591 |issue=1 |pages=L57–L60 |arxiv=astro-ph/0305448|bibcode = 2003ApJ...591L..57J |s2cid=12743267 }} * {{cite encyclopedia |url=http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=HD+37124 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071106055841/http://exoplanet.eu/star.php?st=HD+37124 |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 6, 2007 |encyclopedia=Extrasolar Planets Encyclopaedia |title=Notes for star HD 37124 |access-date=2008-06-22 }} __NOTOC__ {{Sky|05|37|02.4864|+|20|43|50.836|107.63}}
{{HD 37124|state=collapsed}} {{Stars of Taurus}}
Category:G-type main-sequence stars Category:G-type subgiants Category:Planetary systems with three confirmed planets Category:Taurus (constellation) Category:Durchmusterung objects 0209 037124 026381