HD 135344

{{Short description|Young star system in the constellation of Lupus}} {{Starbox begin}} {{Starbox image | image = [[File:Detections of HD 135344 Ab with VLT SPHERE.tif|300px]] | caption = The orbit of HD 135344 Ab around HD 135344 A (blocked by a [[coronagraph]]) | credit = Stolker et al }} {{Starbox observe 2s | constell=[[Lupus (constellation)|Lupus]]<ref name=constellation/> | epoch=[[J2000]] | component1=A | ra1 = {{RA|15|15|48.9463}}<ref name=dr3a/> | dec1 = {{DEC|-37|08|55.731}}<ref name=dr3a/> | appmag_v1=7.76<ref name=SIMBAD1/> | component2=B | ra2 = {{RA|15|15|48.4460}}<ref name=dr3b/> | dec2 = {{DEC|-37|09|16.024}}<ref name=dr3b/> | appmag_v2=8.708<ref name=SIMBAD2/> }} {{Starbox character | component1 = A | type=[[main sequence]]<ref name=Stolker2025/> | class=A0V<ref name=SIMBAD1/> | component2 = B | type2=[[main sequence]]<ref name=dr3b/> | class2=F8V<ref name=SIMBAD2/> }} {{Starbox astrometry | component1=A | radial_v={{val|29.31|3.29}}<ref name=dr3a/> | prop_mo_ra=−18.738 | prop_mo_dec=−24.008 | pm_footnote=<ref name=dr3a/> | parallax=7.4105 | p_error=0.0403 | parallax_footnote=<ref name=dr3a/> | component2=B | radial_v2={{val|-5.34|1.48}}<ref name=dr3b/> | prop_mo_ra2=−19.210 | prop_mo_dec2=−23.268 | pm_footnote2=<ref name=dr3b/> | parallax2=7.4074 | p_error2=0.0240 | parallax_footnote2=<ref name=dr3b/> }} {{Starbox detail | component1=A | mass=2.32<ref name=tic/> | radius={{val|1.50|0.01}}<ref name=Stolker2025/> | luminosity={{val|16.6|0.4}}<ref name=Stolker2025/> | gravity={{val|4.1|0.1}}<ref name=Stolker2025/> | temperature={{val|9540|100}}<ref name=Stolker2025/> | metal_fe=0.10<ref name=gaspar2016/> | component2=B | mass2={{Val|1.46|0.07|0.04}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> | radius2={{solar radius calculator|type=logLT|1=0.71|logLerr=0.01|2=6375|Terr=125|decimals=2}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/>{{Efn|name=radius1|1=Calculated, using the [[Stefan-Boltzmann law]] and the star's [[effective temperature]] and luminosity, with respect to the [[Sun|solar]] nominal effective temperature of {{val|fmt=commas|5,772|ul=K}}:<math display="block">\sqrt{\biggl(\frac{5,772}{6,375}\biggr)^4 \cdot 10^{0.71}} = 1.86\ R_\odot.</math>}} | luminosity2={{Val|5.13|0.12}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> | gravity2={{Val|4.15|0.05}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> | temperature2={{Val|6375|125|fmt=commas}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> | metal_fe2 = {{val|+0.00|0.13}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> | rotation2 = {{val|0.25|0.03}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> days | rotational_velocity2 = {{Val|70|4}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> | age_myr2={{Val|10.48|0.97|0.49}}<ref name=Mendigutia2026/> }} {{Starbox catalog | names = {{odlist | CD=-36 10010 | HD=135344}}<ref name=SIMBAD1/> | component1=A | names1 = {{odlist | CPD=-36 6758 | SAO=206463 | TYC=7324-1671-1}}<ref name=SIMBAD1/> | component2=B | names2 = {{odlist | CPD=-36 6759 | SAO=206462 | TYC=7324-1676-1}}<ref name=SIMBAD2/> }} {{Starbox reference | Simbad = HD+135344 | sn=A | Simbad2 = SAO+206462 | sn2=B }} {{Starbox end}}

'''HD 135344''' is a young [[binary star]] system about 440 [[light-year]]s away from Earth in the [[constellation]] [[Lupus (constellation)|Lupus]]. The primary star hosts a directly imaged [[gas giant]] planet, while the secondary star, also known as '''SAO 206462''', is surrounded by a [[circumstellar disk]] of gas with clearly defined spiral arms and has three planet candidates.

==HD 135344 A== HD 135344 A is an [[A-type main-sequence star]]. It hosts a directly imaged [[gas giant]] planet, about 10 times the [[Jupiter mass|mass of Jupiter]], discovered in 2025 with [[Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research|VLT/SPHERE]].<ref name=Stolker2025/>

{{OrbitboxPlanet begin | name = HD 135344 A | table_ref = <ref name=Stolker2025/> | period_unit = year }} {{OrbitboxPlanet | exoplanet = b | mass = {{val|10.0|1.4|1.9}} | radius = {{val|1.45|0.06|0.03}}{{snd}}{{val|1.60|0.07|0.06}} | semimajor = {{val|16.5|2.8|2.0}} | period = | eccentricity = {{val|0.5|0.2}} | inclination = {{val|73.6|2.8|4.7}} }} {{Orbitbox end}}

==HD 135344 B== [[File:Protoplanetary disk of HD 135344B (eso1640d).jpg|thumb|left|The disk around HD 135344B (SAO 206462) imaged by [[Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research|VLT/SPHERE]]]] HD 135344 B, also known as SAO 206462, has been known to have a [[circumstellar disk]] since the 1990s, first detected based on an [[infrared excess]].<ref name=Coulson1995/> Observations of the structure of the disk were presented in July 2009 by Carol Grady, astronomer of Eureka Scientific, headquartered in the [[Goddard Space Flight Center]] at [[NASA]]. It was the first of this class that exhibited a high degree of clarity and was observed using several space telescopes ([[Hubble Space Telescope|Hubble]], [[Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer|FUSE]], [[Spitzer Space Telescope|Spitzer]]) and ground-based telescopes ([[Gemini Observatory]] and [[Subaru Telescope]], situated in [[Hawaii]]), through an international research program of young stars and of stars with planets. A number of astronomers of different observatories collaborated.<ref name=grady2009/> The disk's diameter is about twice the size of the orbit of [[Pluto]].<ref name=nasa/> {{clear left}} === Evidence of planets === [[File:HD 135344B, HD 135344 Bb and protoplanetary disk (ERIS instrument).jpg|thumb|left|The protoplanetary disk of HD 135344B as seen by the [[ERIS (instrument)|ERIS instrument]] of the VLT with the position of a potential forming exoplanet indicated]] {{OrbitboxPlanet begin | name = HD 135344 B (SAO 206462) | table_ref = | period_unit = year }} {{OrbitboxPlanet hypothetical | exoplanet = b | mass = 2<ref name=Maio2025/> | radius = 2<ref name=Maio2025/> | period = | semimajor = 28<ref name=Maio2025/> | inclination = }} {{OrbitboxPlanet hypothetical | exoplanet = | mass = | period = {{val|424|25}}<ref name=Xie2024/> | semimajor = {{val|66|3}}<ref name=Xie2024/> | inclination = }} {{OrbitboxPlanet hypothetical | exoplanet = c | mass = {{val|0.8|0.3}}<ref name=Cugno2024/> | radius = ~1.00<ref name=Cugno2024/> | semimajor = {{val|300.8|9.9|9.5}}<ref name=Cugno2024/> | period = | inclination = }} {{Orbitbox end}}

The pair of spiral arms around SAO 206462 have a rotation rate of {{Val|-0.85}} [[Degree (angle)|degrees]] per year, which are thought to be caused by a dynamically driving [[protoplanet]] within the disk, at a distance of {{Val|66|3|u=[[astronomical unit]]s}} and an orbital period of {{Val|424|25|u=years}}. This planet should be a challenge to be detected using [[direct imaging]] due to the presence of dust particles obscuring it, but could be detected and confirmed via high-resolution spectroscopic observations.<ref name=Xie2024/>

Another planet candidate around SAO 206462 has been detected using observations of the JWST's [[NIRCam]] imaging instrument, with low [[signal-to-noise ratio]], a mass of {{Val|0.8|0.3|u=Jupiter mass}} and a separation of 300 astronomical units. It has been dubbed CC1 (Companion candidate 1). Objects more massive than {{Val|2.2|u=Jupiter mass}} at distances of up to 120 AU have been ruled out by the observations.<ref name=Cugno2024/>

A third planet candidate was detected by direct imaging in 2025, at the root of one of the disk's spiral arms. The object has a mass estimated at {{Jupiter mass|2}}, and is highly embedded in gas and dust, possibly having its own protoplanetary disk. It has a separation of 28 AU from the host star and is likely shepherding the inner part of the disk.<ref name=Maio2025/>

{{clear left}} ==Notes== {{notelist}}

== References == <references>

<ref name=SIMBAD1>{{cite simbad|title=HD 135344}}</ref>

<ref name=SIMBAD2>{{cite simbad|title=SAO 206462|access-date=26 December 2016}}</ref>

<ref name=constellation>{{cite constellation|HD 135344}}</ref>

<ref name=nasa>{{cite web |last=Phillips |first=Tony |date=31 October 2011 |title=A Star with Spiral Arms |url=http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2011/31oct_spiralarms |website=NASA Science |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121208075622/http://science.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/2011/31oct_spiralarms/ |archive-date=8 December 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

<ref name=Maio2025>{{Cite journal |last1=Maio |first1=F. |last2=Fedele |first2=D. |last3=Roccatagliata |first3=V. |last4=Facchini |first4=S. |last5=Lodato |first5=G. |last6=Desidera |first6=S. |last7=Garufi |first7=A. |last8=Mesa |first8=D. |last9=Ruzza |first9=A. |last10=Toci |first10=C. |last11=Testi |first11=L. |last12=Zurlo |first12=A. |last13=Rosotti |first13=G. |date=2025-06-27 |title=Unveiling a protoplanet candidate embedded in the HD 135344B disk with VLT/ERIS |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |volume=699 |pages=L10 |language=en |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202554472 |bibcode=2025A&A...699L..10M |issn=0004-6361|doi-access=free |hdl=2434/1176804 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=tic>{{cite journal | display-authors=3 | last1=Stassun | first1=Keivan G. | last2=Oelkers | first2=Ryan J. | last3=Paegert | first3=Martin | last4=Torres | first4=Guillermo | last5=Pepper | first5=Joshua | last6=Lee | first6=Nathan De | last7=Collins | first7=Kevin | last8=Latham | first8=David W. | last9=Muirhead | first9=Philip S. | last10=Chittidi | first10=Jay | last11=Rojas-Ayala | first11=Bárbara | last12=Fleming | first12=Scott W. | last13=Rose | first13=Mark E. | last14=Tenenbaum | first14=Peter | last15=Ting | first15=Eric B. | last16=Kane | first16=Stephen R. | last17=Barclay | first17=Thomas | last18=Bean | first18=Jacob L. | last19=Brassuer | first19=C. E. | last20=Charbonneau | first20=David | last21=Ge | first21=Jian | last22=Lissauer | first22=Jack J. | last23=Mann | first23=Andrew W. | last24=McLean | first24=Brian | last25=Mullally | first25=Susan | last26=Narita | first26=Norio | last27=Plavchan | first27=Peter | last28=Ricker | first28=George R. | last29=Sasselov | first29=Dimitar | last30=Seager | first30=S. | last31=Sharma | first31=Sanjib | last32=Shiao | first32=Bernie | last33=Sozzetti | first33=Alessandro | last34=Stello | first34=Dennis | last35=Vanderspek | first35=Roland | last36=Wallace | first36=Geoff | last37=Winn | first37=Joshua N. | title=The Revised TESS Input Catalog and Candidate Target List | journal=The Astronomical Journal | volume=158 | issue=4 | date=2019-10-01 | issn=0004-6256 | doi=10.3847/1538-3881/ab3467 | doi-access=free | page=138| arxiv=1905.10694 | bibcode=2019AJ....158..138S }}</ref>

<ref name=Mendigutia2026>{{Cite journal |last=Mendigutía |first=I. |last2=Campbell-White |first2=J. |last3=Montesinos |first3=B. |last4=Maldonado |first4=J. |last5=Fullana-García |first5=L. |last6=Mirouh |first6=G. M. |last7=Meeus |first7=G. |last8=Vioque |first8=M. |last9=Sicilia-Aguilar |first9=A. |last10=Zapatero-Osorio |first10=M. R. |last11=Villaver |first11=E. |last12=Kahar |first12=R. |date=2026-04-06 |title=Lithium and the evolution of intermediate-mass T Tauri and Herbig stars. Rotation, accretion, and planets |journal=Astronomy & Astrophysics |doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202659302 |arxiv=2604.05040 |issn=0004-6361}}</ref>

<ref name=Coulson1995>{{cite journal |last1=Coulson |first1=I. M. |last2=Walther |first2=D. M. |date=June 1995 |title=SAO 206462 - a solar-type star with a dusty, organically rich environment |journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] |volume=274 |issue=4 |pages=977–986 |doi=10.1093/mnras/274.4.977 |doi-access=free |bibcode=1995MNRAS.274..977C}}</ref>

<ref name=gaspar2016>{{Cite journal |last1=Gáspár |first1=András |last2=Rieke |first2=George H. |last3=Ballering |first3=Nicholas |date=2016-08-01 |title=The Correlation between Metallicity and Debris Disk Mass |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |volume=826 |issue=2 |pages=171 |doi=10.3847/0004-637X/826/2/171 |doi-access=free |arxiv=1604.07403 |bibcode=2016ApJ...826..171G |issn=0004-637X}}</ref>

<ref name=grady2009>{{cite journal |bibcode=2009ApJ...699.1822G |title=Revealing the Structure of a Pre-Transitional Disk: The Case of the Herbig F Star SAO 206462 (HD 135344B) |last1=Grady |first1=C. A. |last2=Schneider |first2=G. |last3=Sitko |first3=M. L. |last4=Williger |first4=G. M. |last5=Hamaguchi |first5=K. |last6=Brittain |first6=S. D. |last7=Ablordeppey |first7=K. |last8=Apai |first8=D. |last9=Beerman |first9=L. |last10=Carpenter |first10=W. J. |last11=Collins |first11=K. A. |last12=Fukagawa |first12=M. |last13=Hammel |first13=H. B. |last14=Henning |first14=Th. |last15=Hines |first15=D. |last16=Kimes |first16=R. |last17=Lynch |first17=D. K. |last18=Ménard |first18=F. |last19=Pearson |first19=R. |last20=Russell |first20=R. W. |last21=Silverstone |first21=M. |last22=Smith |first22=P. S. |last23=Troutman |first23=M. |last24=Wilner |first24=D. |last25=Woodgate |first25=B. |last26=Clampin |first26=M. |journal=The Astrophysical Journal |year=2009 |volume=699 |issue=2 |page=1822 |doi=10.1088/0004-637X/699/2/1822 |s2cid=9298646 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=Xie2024>{{Cite journal |last1=Xie |first1=Chen |last2=Xie |first2=Chengyan |last3=Ren |first3=Bin B. |last4=Benisty |first4=Myriam |last5=Ginski |first5=Christian |last6=Fang |first6=Taotao |last7=Casassus |first7=Simon |last8=Bae |first8=Jaehan |last9=Facchini |first9=Stefano |title=Disk Evolution Study Through Imaging of Nearby Young Stars (DESTINYS): Dynamical Evidence of a Spiral-Arm-Driving and Gap-Opening Protoplanet from SAO 206462 Spiral Motion |journal=Universe |date=2024-12-18 |volume=10 |issue=12 |page=465 |doi=10.3390/universe10120465 |doi-access=free |arxiv=2412.14402 |bibcode=2024Univ...10..465X }}</ref>

<ref name=Cugno2024>{{Cite journal |last1=Cugno |first1=Gabriele |last2=Leisenring |first2=Jarron |last3=Wagner |first3=Kevin R. |last4=Mullin |first4=Camryn |last5=Dong |first5=Roubing |last6=Greene |first6=Thomas |last7=Johnstone |first7=Doug |last8=Meyer |first8=Michael R. |last9=Wolff |first9=Schuyler G.|title=JWST/NIRCam Imaging of Young Stellar Objects. II. Deep Constraints on Giant Planets and a Planet Candidate Outside of the Spiral Disk Around SAO 206462 |journal=The Astronomical Journal |date=2024-01-05 |volume=167 |issue=4 |page=182 |doi=10.3847/1538-3881/ad1ffc |doi-access=free |arxiv=2401.02834 |bibcode=2024AJ....167..182C }}</ref>

<ref name=Stolker2025>{{cite journal |last1=Stolker |first1=T. |last2=Samland |first2=M. |display-authors=etal |date=July 2025 |title=Direct imaging discovery of a young giant planet orbiting on Solar System scales |journal=[[Astronomy & Astrophysics]] |volume= 700|issue= |pages= A21|doi=10.1051/0004-6361/202555064 |arxiv=2507.06206 |bibcode=2025A&A...700A..21S }}</ref>

</references>

[[Category:Lupus (constellation)]] [[Category:Binary stars]] [[Category:A-type main-sequence stars]] [[Category:F-type main-sequence stars]] [[Category:Circumstellar disks]] [[Category:Planetary systems with one confirmed planet]] [[Category:Durchmusterung objects|CD-36 10010]] [[Category:Henry Draper Catalogue objects|135344]]